REVENUE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied. Generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of products or services. The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time as discussed in further detail below. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Applicable sales tax collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities is excluded from revenue.

U.S. and Canada Revenue

The following is a summary of revenue disaggregated by major source in the U.S. and Canada segment:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
U.S. company-owned product sales: ⁽¹⁾	(in thousands)
Protein	$	73,808	$	80,257
Performance supplements	67,992		74,778
Weight management	20,516		30,779
Vitamins	48,962		47,056
Herbs / Greens	13,805		15,873
Wellness	39,082		47,200
Health / Beauty	39,485		46,388
Food / Drink	19,199		28,243
General merchandise	4,871		6,800
Total U.S. company-owned product sales	$	327,720	$	377,374
Wholesale sales to franchisees	51,056		58,257
Royalties and franchise fees	7,327		8,472
Sublease income	10,242		10,976
Cooperative advertising and other franchise support fees	4,408		5,067
Other ⁽²⁾	23,428		29,011
Total U.S. and Canada revenue	$	424,181	$	489,157

(1)Includes e-commerce sales.

(2)Includes revenue primarily related to operations in Canada and the loyalty programs, myGNC Rewards and PRO Access.

International Revenues

The following is a summary of revenue disaggregated by major source in the International reportable segment:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
	(in thousands)
Wholesale sales to franchisees	$	20,183	$	25,437
Royalties and franchise fees	6,508		6,202
Other⁽¹⁾	6,854		9,284
Total International revenue	$	33,545	$	40,923

(1)Includes revenue related to China operations prior to the transfer of the China business to the HK JV and China JV, which was effective February 13, 2019, wholesale sales to the HK JV and China JV, and revenue from company-owned locations in Ireland.

Manufacturing / Wholesale Revenue

The following is a summary of revenue disaggregated by major source in the Manufacturing / Wholesale reportable segment:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
	(in thousands)
Third-party contract manufacturing⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	15,783
Intersegment sales⁽¹⁾	—		35,505
Wholesale partner sales	14,855		18,901
Total Manufacturing / Wholesale revenue	$	14,855	$	70,189

(1)As a result of the transfer of the Nutra manufacturing business to the newly formed Manufacturing JV effective March 1, 2019, no third-party contract manufacturing and intersegment sales were recognized thereafter.

Revenue by Geography

The following is a summary of revenue by geography:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
Total revenues by geographic areas⁽¹⁾:	(in thousands)
United States	$	452,873	$	535,943
Foreign	19,708		28,821
Total revenues	$	472,581	$	564,764

(1) Geographic areas are defined based on legal entity jurisdiction.

Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract. The Company's PRO Access and loyalty program points are recorded within deferred revenue and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred franchise and license fees are recorded within deferred revenue and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents changes in the Company’s contract liabilities:


	Three months ended March 31, 2020
	Balance at Beginning of Period		Recognition of revenue included in beginning balance	Contract liability, net of revenue, recognized during the period	Balance at the End of Period
	(in thousands)
Deferred franchise and license fees	$	28,293	(2,722)	1,303	$	26,874
PRO Access and loyalty program points⁽¹⁾	22,896		(11,879)	11,096	22,113
Gift card liability ⁽¹⁾	3,110		(1,367)	207	1,950


	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	Balance at Beginning of Period		Recognition of revenue included in beginning balance	Contract liability, net of revenue, recognized during the period	Balance at the End of Period
	(in thousands)
Deferred franchise and license fees	$	33,464	(2,861)	668	$	31,271
PRO Access and loyalty program points⁽¹⁾	24,836		(12,423)	12,863	25,276
Gift card liability⁽¹⁾	3,416		(1,523)	181	2,074

(1) Net of estimated breakage

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had deferred franchise fees with unsatisfied performance obligations extending throughout 2030 of $26.9 million, of which approximately $6.0 million is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient allowed under the rules of adoption to not disclose the duration of the remaining unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.