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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net (loss) income $ (35,112) $ 69,780 $ (150,262)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization expense 35,422 47,105 56,809
Income from equity method investments (5,296) 0 0
Amortization of debt costs 20,751 23,199 13,160
Stock-based compensation 4,563 6,808 8,359
Long-lived asset impairments 0 38,236 457,794
Gain on convertible debt and debt refinancing costs (3,214) 0 (10,996)
Loss on debt refinancing 0 16,740 0
Loss on net asset exchange for the formation of the joint ventures 21,293 0 0
Loss (gain) on forward contracts for the issuance of convertible preferred stock 16,787 (88,942) 0
Third-party fees associated with refinancing 0 (16,322) 0
Distributions received from equity method investments 3,856 0 0
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 20,596 (23,265) (191,578)
Other 2,467 (513) (314)
Changes in assets and liabilities:      
Increase in receivables (4,411) (1,358) (448)
Decrease in inventory 18,018 16,757 72,903
(Increase) decrease in prepaid and other current assets (11,148) 14,687 (5,529)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable 44,497 (3,351) (23,960)
(Decrease) increase in deferred revenue and accrued liabilities 1,006 1,252 (10,181)
Decrease in net lease liabilities (31,880)    
Other changes in assets and liabilities (1,675) (4,945) 4,751
Net cash provided by operating activities 96,520 95,868 220,508
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures (15,151) (18,981) (32,123)
Refranchising proceeds, net of store acquisition costs 2,395 2,514 1,994
Capital contribution to the joint ventures (13,079) 0 0
Proceeds from the assets exchange for the formation of the joint ventures 99,221 0 0
Proceeds from the sale of Lucky Vitamin 0 0 6,367
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 73,386 (16,467) (23,762)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Borrowings under Revolving Credit Facility 22,000 410,000 317,500
Payments on Revolving Credit Facility (22,000) (410,000) (444,500)
Proceeds from the issuance of convertible preferred stock 199,950 100,000 0
Convertible notes repurchase (24,708) 0 0
Original issuance discount and revolving credit facility fees (10,365) (35,235) 0
Fees associated with the issuance of convertible preferred stock (12,814) (3,587) 0
Minimum tax withholding requirements (233) (296) (253)
Net cash used in financing activities (119,256) (75,768) (168,106)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (828) (410) 897
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 49,822 3,223 29,537
Beginning balance, cash and cash equivalents 67,224 64,001 34,464
Ending balance, cash and cash equivalents 117,046 67,224 64,001
Cash (received) paid during the period for:      
Income taxes [1] 13,808 (3,841) 35,476
Interest 83,284 104,342 51,205
Non-cash investing activities:      
Capital expenditures in current liabilities 1,373 1,238 1,683
Net assets contributed to the joint ventures 202,487 0 0
Non-cash financing activities:      
Issuance of shares associated with exchange of convertible senior notes 0 0 71,670
Original issuance discount 0 11,445 0
Tranche B-1 Term Loan      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Payments on Term Loans (147,312) (4,550) (40,853)
Tranche B-2 Term Loan      
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Payments on Term Loans $ (123,774) $ (132,100) $ 0
[1]
    * Includes a $12.4 million tax refund received in the fourth quarter of 2018.