REVENUE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied. Generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of products or services. The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time as discussed in further detail below. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Applicable sales tax collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities is excluded from revenue.

U.S. and Canada Revenue

The following is a summary of revenue disaggregated by major source in the U.S. and Canada segment:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2019		2018
U.S. company-owned product sales: ⁽¹⁾	(in thousands)
Protein	$	80,257	$	87,670
Performance supplements	74,778		75,616
Weight management	30,779		39,787
Vitamins	47,056		50,371
Herbs / Greens	15,873		16,158
Wellness	47,200		47,701
Health / Beauty	46,388		48,054
Food / Drink	28,243		25,360
General merchandise	6,800		7,062
Total U.S. company-owned product sales	$	377,374	$	397,779
Wholesale sales to franchisees	58,257		57,160
Royalties and franchise fees	8,472		8,748
Sublease income	10,976		11,765
Cooperative advertising and other franchise support fees	5,067		5,533
Other ⁽²⁾	29,011		31,429
Total U.S. and Canada revenue	$	489,157	$	512,414


(1)	Includes GNC.com sales.


(2)	Includes revenue primarily related to Canada operations and loyalty programs, myGNC Rewards and PRO Access.

International Revenues

The following is a summary of the revenue disaggregated by major source in the International reportable segment:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
Wholesale sales to franchisees	$	25,437	$	21,760
Royalties and franchise fees	6,202		6,621
Other⁽¹⁾	9,284		11,684
Total International revenue	$	40,923	$	40,065

(1) Includes revenue primarily related to China operations prior to the newly formed joint ventures in China effective February 13, 2019 and company-owned stores located in Ireland.

Manufacturing / Wholesale Revenue

The following is a summary of the revenue disaggregated by major source in the Manufacturing / Wholesale reportable segment:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
Third-party contract manufacturing⁽¹⁾	$	15,783	$	32,722
Intersegment sales⁽¹⁾	35,505		64,663
Wholesale partner sales	18,901		22,332
Total Manufacturing / Wholesale revenue	$	70,189	$	119,717

(1) The decrease in third-party contract manufacturing and intersegment sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the prior year quarter is due to the transaction with IVC for the newly formed manufacturing joint venture effective March 1, 2019.

Revenue by Geography

The following is a summary of the revenue by geography:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Total revenues by geographic areas⁽¹⁾:	(in thousands)
United States	$	535,943	$	572,231
Foreign	28,821		35,302
Total revenues	$	564,764	$	607,533

(1) Geographic areas are defined based on legal entity jurisdiction.

Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract assets represent amounts related to the Company's contractual right to consideration for completed performance obligations not yet invoiced. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had contract assets of $25.5 million for specialty manufacturing recorded within prepaid and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet (with a corresponding reduction to inventory at cost). Due to the contribution of the Nutra manufacturing net assets to the manufacturing joint venture with IVC on March 1, 2019, the Company has no contract assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019.

Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract. The Company's PRO Access and loyalty program points are recorded within deferred revenue and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred franchise and license fees are recorded within deferred revenue and other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	Balance at Beginning of Period		Recognition of revenue included in beginning balance		Contract liability, net of revenue, recognized during the period	Balance at the End of Period
	(in thousands)
Deferred franchise and license fees	$	33,464	(2,861	)	668	$	31,271
PRO Access and loyalty program points	24,836		(12,423	)	12,863	25,276
Gift card liability	3,416		(1,523	)	181	2,074

As of March 31, 2019, the Company had deferred franchise fees with unsatisfied performance obligations extending throughout 2029 of $31.3 million, of which approximately $7.2 million is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient allowed under the rules of adoption to not disclose the duration of the remaining unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.