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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESSignificant Accounting Policies—The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 17, 2022 (the “2021 Annual Report”). Since the
date of those consolidated financial statements, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies.
Risks and Uncertainties—The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been and, notwithstanding vaccination efforts, is expected to continue to be extensive in many aspects of society, which has resulted in and will likely continue to result in significant disruptions to the global economy, as well as businesses and capital markets around the world. Impacts to the Company’s business have included temporary closures or postponements of activation of its clinical trial sites or facilities, disruptions or restrictions on its employees’ ability to travel, disruptions to or delays in ongoing clinical trials, including patient enrollment at a slower pace than initially projected and the diversion of healthcare resources away from the conduct of the Company’s clinical trials as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including the diversion of hospitals serving as the Company’s clinical trial sites and hospital staff supporting the conduct of the Company’s clinical trials.

In addition, the Company is subject to other challenges and risks specific to its business and its ability to execute on its business plan and strategy, as well as risks and uncertainties common to companies in the biotechnology industry with research and development operations, including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties associated with: obtaining regulatory approval of its product candidates; delays or problems in obtaining clinical supply, loss of single source suppliers or failure to comply with manufacturing regulations; identifying, acquiring or in-licensing additional products or product candidates; product development and the inherent uncertainty of clinical success; and the challenges of protecting and enhancing its intellectual property rights; and the challenges of complying with applicable regulatory requirements. In addition, to the extent the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the Company’s business and results of operations, it is expected also to have the effect of heightening many of the other risks and uncertainties discussed above.
Principles of Consolidation—The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including X4 Pharmaceuticals (Austria) GmbH, which is incorporated in Vienna, Austria (“X4 Austria”), and X4 Therapeutics, Inc. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements— The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 that is presented in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial statements. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in the 2021 Annual Report. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments as necessary, for the fair statement of the Company’s condensed financial position, condensed results of its operations and cash flows have been made. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates— The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the accrual of research and development expenses, the impairment or lack of impairment of long-lived assets including operating lease right-of-use assets and goodwill, and the constraint of variable consideration from contracts with customers. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific or other relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates when there are changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and is expected to continue to impact the clinical development timelines for certain of the Company's clinical programs. As of the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates, assumptions and judgments or revise the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and any such differences may be material to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents— The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consisted of money market funds as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Restricted Cash
(in thousands)As of March 31, 2022As of December 31, 2021
Letter of credit security: Waltham lease250 250 
Letter of credit security: Vienna Austria lease212 216 
Letter of credit security: Boston lease855 855 
Restricted cash included in other assets$1,317 $1,321 
In connection with the Company’s lease agreements for its facilities in Massachusetts and Austria, the Company maintains letters of credit, which are secured by restricted cash, for the benefit of the respective landlord.
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the sum of the total of amounts shown in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
 
(in thousands)March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents$66,427 $81,787 
Restricted cash, non-current1,317 1,321 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$67,744 $83,108 
Goodwill— Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Examples of such events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal or business climate, an adverse regulatory action or unanticipated competition. The Company has determined that it operates in a single operating segment and has a single reporting unit.
The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances would indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company were to determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the Company would perform an interim quantitative impairment test, whereby the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of its net assets, goodwill is not impaired, and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the Company measures the amount of impairment loss, if any, as the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the reporting unit. There were no triggering events during the three months ended March 31, 2022 that necessitated an interim impairment test of goodwill.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In May 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2021-04, Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. ASU 2021-04 was issued to clarify and reduce diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (such as warrants for the purchase of common shares) that remain classified as equity following the modification or exchange. ASU 2021-04 is effective January 1, 2022 for the Company. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13"), as amended. ASU 2016-13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost, such as trade receivables, be presented net of expected credit losses, which may be estimated based on relevant information such as historical experience, current conditions, and future expectation for each pool of similar financial asset. The new guidance requires enhanced disclosures related to trade receivables and associated credit losses. In accordance with ASU 2019-10, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivative and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)- Effective
Dates, as the Company meets the definition of a “smaller reporting company”, the Company has elected to defer the adoption of ASU 2016-13 until January 1, 2023. The Company expects that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 may accelerate the timing and could increase the level of credit loss expense in the consolidated statement of operations and will likely require an increased level of disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.