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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
1. 
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Minden Bancorp, Inc. is a savings and loan holding company (the “Company”) established in 2010.  MBL Bank (the “Bank”) is the wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company's significant assets and business activity are its investment in the Bank.  All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation of Minden Bancorp, Inc., MBL Bank and (with respect to the 2010 period) Minden Services, Inc. (“MSI”).  The Bank moved to its new main location at 100 MBL Bank Drive, Minden, Louisiana on March 19, 2007.  The Bank accepts customer demand, savings, and time deposits and provides residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, and consumer and business loans to customers.  The Bank is subject to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.  The Bank formed MSI as a wholly-owned subsidiary.  MSI's sole purpose was to hold real estate for the Bank to use for further expansion. MSI was liquidated in December 2010.

On December 11, 2001, the Board of Directors of Minden Building and Loan Association, a Louisiana chartered building and loan association, which changed its name to MBL Bank in 2007, adopted a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Association converted to stock form and became the wholly-owned subsidiary of Minden Bancorp, Inc., a federally chartered corporation (“old Minden”).   In connection with the reorganization, the Company became a majority owned (58.6%) subsidiary of Minden Mutual Holding Company.   On January 4, 2011, the “second-step” conversion of the Bank from the mutual holding company structure to the stock holding company structure pursuant to a Plan of Conversion and Reorganization adopted in September 2010 was completed. Upon completion of the conversion and reorganization, the Company, a newly formed Louisiana corporation, became the holding company for the Bank and owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Bank's common stock.  In connection with the conversion and reorganization, 1,394,316 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company were sold in subscription and community offerings to certain depositors of the Bank and other investors for $10.00 per share, or $13.9 million in the aggregate, and 984,889 shares of common stock were issued in exchange for the outstanding shares of common stock of old Minden held by the “public” shareholders of old Minden (all shareholders except Minden Mutual Holding Company).  Each share of common stock of old Minden was converted into the right to receive 1.7427 shares of common stock of new Minden Bancorp in the conversion and reorganization.  Total shares outstanding of common stock of the Company immediately after the conversion and reorganization were 2,379,205.  In addition, the Company's employee stock ownership plan purchased in the offering 55,772 shares of common stock of the Company with proceeds of a loan from the Company.  See Note 14 for more information.

Basis of Presentation.  These consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included.  The results of operations for the six month period ended June 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for the full fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

In accordance with the subsequent events topic of the ASC, the Company evaluates events and transactions that occur after the balance sheet date for potential recognition in the financial statements.  The effects of all subsequent events that provide additional evidence of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date are recognized in the financial statements as of June 30, 2011.  In preparing these financial statements, the Company evaluated subsequent events through the date these financial statements were issued.

Use of Estimates.  In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, and the valuation of foreclosed real estate, deferred tax assets and trading activities.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans, fair value of financial instruments, and the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans.  In connection with the determination of the allowances for losses on credits and foreclosed real estate, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.  While management uses available information to recognize losses on credits, future additions to the allowances may be necessary based on changes in local economic conditions.  In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank's allowances for losses on loans.  Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additions to the allowances based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.  Because of these factors, it is reasonably possible that the allowances for credit losses on loans may change materially in the future.

Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk.  Most of the Bank's activities are with customers located within Webster Parish, Louisiana.  Note 2 to the financial statements summarizes the types of investment securities in which the Bank makes investments, and Note 3 summarizes the types of loans included in the Bank's loan portfolio.  The Bank does not have any significant concentrations to any one industry or customer.

Cash and Cash Equivalents.  For purposes of the balance sheet  and statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and balances due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits at other banks, all of which mature within ninety days.

Interest-Bearing Deposits in Banks.  Interest-bearing deposits in banks mature within one year and are carried at cost.

Investment Securities.  Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase.  If management has the positive intent and ability to hold investments in bonds, notes, and debentures until maturity, they are classified as held to maturity and carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts which are recognized in interest income using the effective interest method over the period to maturity.  Securities to be held for indefinite periods of time yet not intended to be held to maturity or on a long-term basis are classified as securities available for sale and carried at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale which have been reported as direct increases or decreases in stockholders' equity, net of related deferred tax effects, are accounted for as other comprehensive income.  The cumulative changes in unrealized gains and losses on such securities are accounted for in accumulated other comprehensive income as part of stockholders' equity.  Gains and losses on the sale of securities available for sale are determined using the specific-identification method.  Other-than-temporary impairment of debt securities is based upon the guidance as follows: (a) if a company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and (b) it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss.  When an entity does not intend to sell the security, and it is more likely than not that the entity will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, it will recognize the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security in earnings and the remaining portion in other comprehensive income.  For held-to-maturity debt securities, the amount of an other-than-temporary impairment recorded in other comprehensive income for the noncredit portion of a previous other-than-temporary impairment should be amortized prospectively over the remaining life of the security on the basis of the timing of future estimated cash flows of the security.

Mortgage-Backed Securities.  Mortgage-backed securities represent participating interests in pools of long-term first mortgage loans originated and serviced by issuers of the securities.  Mortgage-backed securities are carried at unpaid principal balances, adjusted for unamortized premiums and unearned discounts.  Premiums and discounts are amortized using the interest method over the remaining period to contractual maturity.  Management intends and has the ability to hold such securities to maturity that are classified held to maturity.  The cost of securities called is determined using the specific identification method.

Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities.  Declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses.  Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method.

Loans.  The Bank grants mortgage, business and consumer loans to customers.  A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans secured by properties throughout Webster Parish, Louisiana and the surrounding parishes.  The ability of the Bank's debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in this area.

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses, and any deferred fees for costs on originated loans.  Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance.  Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the interest method.

The accrual of interest on mortgage, commercial real estate and commercial business, and consumer loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection.  Past due status is based upon contractual terms of the loan.  In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income.  The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured or, when the loan becomes well secured and in the process of collection.

Allowance for Loan Losses.  The allowance for loan losses is established as a provision for loan losses charged to earnings.  Loan losses not associated with a related valuation reserve are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed.  Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.  The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon an amount management believes will cover known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio based upon management's periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions.  This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower's prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for business and construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the loan's obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment.  Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures.

Credit Related Financial Instruments.  In the ordinary course of business, the Bank has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit.  Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Other Real Estate Owned.  Other real estate owned represents properties acquired through foreclosure or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure on loans on which the borrowers have defaulted as to payment of principal and interest.  These properties are carried at the lower of cost of acquisition or the asset's fair value, less estimated selling costs.  Reductions in the balance at the date of acquisition are charged to the allowance for loan losses.  Any subsequent write-downs to reflect current fair value are charged to noninterest expense.  Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in net expenses from foreclosed assets.

Premises and Equipment.  Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  The Bank records depreciation on property and equipment using accelerated and straight-line methods with lives ranging from 5 to 15 years on furniture, fixtures and equipment and up to 40 years on the buildings.
 
Income Taxes.  The company files a consolidated federal income tax return with its subsidiary.  Income taxes and benefits are generally allocated based on each subsidiary's contribution to the total federal tax liability.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the liability (or balance sheet) method.  Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences between the book and tax bases of the various balance sheet assets and liabilities and give current recognition to changes in tax rates and laws.

Advertising Costs.  Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.  Such costs amounted to approximately $15,000 and $20,000 for each of the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are included in other operating expense.

Stock compensation.  The cost of employee services received in exchange for stock options and stock grants (RRP) is measured using the fair value of the award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period.

Treasury stock.  Common stock shares repurchased are recorded as treasury stock at cost.

Earnings per share. Basic earnings per share represents income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The earnings per share as of June 30, 2010 were adjusted for the 2011 stock conversion issue. Diluted earnings per share reflects additional potential common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the assumed issuance.  Potential common shares that may be issued by the Company related solely to outstanding stock options and are determined using the treasury stock method.

Treasury shares are not deemed outstanding for earnings per share calculations.

Reclassifications.  Certain accounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the presentation in the current year financial statements.

Comprehensive Income (Loss).  Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income.  Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.

In April 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-02, Receivables (Topic 310)
A Creditor's Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring. ASU 2011-02 clarifies whether loan modifications constitute troubled debt restructuring.  In evaluating whether a restructuring constitutes a troubled debt structuring, a creditor must separately conclude that both of the following exist:  (a) the restructuring constitutes a concession; and (b) the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties.  ASU 2011-02 is effective for the first interim and annual period beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and should be applied retrospectively to the beginning of the annual period adoption.