<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<informationTable xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable eis_13FDocument.xsd" xmlns="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable" xmlns:n1="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Albireo Pharma Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>01345P106</cusip>
    <value>19894</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>777096</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>777096</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Alder Biopharmaceuticals Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>014339105</cusip>
    <value>14181</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1238533</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1238533</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Amyris Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com New</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>03236M200</cusip>
    <value>995</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>265246</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>265246</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>AV Homes Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00234P102</cusip>
    <value>153430</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>9215017</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>9215017</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Caesars Entmt Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>127686103</cusip>
    <value>685692</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>54204935</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>OTR</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>45492079</Sole>
      <Shared>8712856</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Collegium Pharmaceutical Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>19459J104</cusip>
    <value>25657</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1389863</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1389863</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>e l f Beauty Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>26856L103</cusip>
    <value>301427</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>13510828</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>13510828</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Endo Intl PLC</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G30401106</cusip>
    <value>171679</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>22152136</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>22152136</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Evolent Health Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>30050B101</cusip>
    <value>1480</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>120304</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>120304</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Flexion Therapeutics Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>33938J106</cusip>
    <value>23450</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>936507</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>936507</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>IQVIA Hldgs Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>46266C105</cusip>
    <value>2238535</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>22865529</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>22865529</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Nexeo Solutions Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>65342H102</cusip>
    <value>283263</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>31127844</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>31127844</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Otonomy Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>68906L105</cusip>
    <value>11984</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2159335</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2159335</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Playa Hotels &amp; Resorts NV</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>N70544106</cusip>
    <value>103656</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>9606666</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>9606666</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Sabre Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>78573M104</cusip>
    <value>940061</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>45856647</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>OTR</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>39647307</Sole>
      <Shared>6209340</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com New</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>875372203</cusip>
    <value>589</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>249620</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>249620</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Taylor Morrison Home Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>87724P106</cusip>
    <value>36698</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1499732</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1499732</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Veracyte Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>92337F107</cusip>
    <value>23194</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>3551929</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>3551929</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Xinyuan Real Estate Co Ltd</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Spons ADR</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>98417P105</cusip>
    <value>40860</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>6000000</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>6000000</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Five Point Holdings LLC</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>33833Q106</cusip>
    <value>6552</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>464676</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>464676</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>PDVWireless Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>69290R104</cusip>
    <value>42482</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1323415</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1323415</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Sanofi</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Right 12/31/2020</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>80105N113</cusip>
    <value>5411</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>14240462</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>14240462</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>TICC Capital Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>87244T109</cusip>
    <value>6</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1059</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1059</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>TPG Specialty Lending, Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>87265K102</cusip>
    <value>54101</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2732373</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2732373</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Triangle Cap Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>895848109</cusip>
    <value>13140</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1384570</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1384570</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Xerium Technologies Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com New</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>98416J118</cusip>
    <value>6651</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1561350</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1561350</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>TPG RE Fin Tr Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>87266M107</cusip>
    <value>123923</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>6505167</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>6505167</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Air Prods &amp; Chems Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>009158106</cusip>
    <value>91860</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>559847</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>559847</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Allergan PLC</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G0177J108</cusip>
    <value>10177</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>62212</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>62212</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Broadcom Ltd.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>Y09827109</cusip>
    <value>108830</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>423626</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>423626</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Cognizant Technology Solutio</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>192446102</cusip>
    <value>114376</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1610477</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1610477</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Fidelity National Financial</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>FNF Group Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>31620R303</cusip>
    <value>42583</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1085188</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1085188</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Grupo Televisa SA</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Spon ADR Rep Ord</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>40049J206</cusip>
    <value>42819</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2293450</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2293450</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Hamilton Lane Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>407497106</cusip>
    <value>36329</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1026529</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1026529</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>IHS Markit Ltd.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G47567105</cusip>
    <value>64748</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1434055</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1434055</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Interactive Brokers Group In</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>45841N107</cusip>
    <value>91019</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1537230</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1537230</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Jones Lang LaSalle Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>48020Q107</cusip>
    <value>41704</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>280025</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>280025</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Koninklijke Philips N V</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>NY Reg Sh New</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>500472303</cusip>
    <value>33375</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>882947</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>882947</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Marathon Pete Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>56585A102</cusip>
    <value>21481</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>325575</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>325575</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Pegasystems Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>705573103</cusip>
    <value>81792</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1734723</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1734723</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Scana Corp. New</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>80589M102</cusip>
    <value>75475</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1897307</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1897307</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Symantec Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>871503108</cusip>
    <value>79262</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2824724</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2824724</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Unifirst Corp. Mass</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>904708104</cusip>
    <value>112292</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>680970</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>680970</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Vantiv Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>92210H105</cusip>
    <value>84033</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1142525</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1142525</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Adobe Sys Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00724F101</cusip>
    <value>4833</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>27582</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>27582</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>AMC Entmt Hldgs Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00165C104</cusip>
    <value>5613</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>371695</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>371695</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>AMC Networks Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00164V103</cusip>
    <value>2488</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>46001</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>46001</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Comcast Corp New</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>20030N101</cusip>
    <value>3354</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>83735</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>83735</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Etsy Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>29786A106</cusip>
    <value>2975</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>145488</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>145488</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Facebook Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>30303M102</cusip>
    <value>4603</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>26084</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>26084</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>LendingClub Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>COM</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>52603A109</cusip>
    <value>1322</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>320000</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>320000</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Live Nation Entertainment In</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>538034109</cusip>
    <value>4083</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>95907</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>95907</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Micron Technology Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>595112103</cusip>
    <value>3333</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>81048</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>81048</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Netflix Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>64110L106</cusip>
    <value>3918</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>20411</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>20411</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Salesforce Com Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>79466L302</cusip>
    <value>3338</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>32648</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>32648</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>ServiceNow Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>81762P102</cusip>
    <value>2139</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>16403</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>16403</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Shopify Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>82509L107</cusip>
    <value>3324</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>32907</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>32907</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Signet Jewelers Limited</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G81276100</cusip>
    <value>2856</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>50509</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>50509</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Tal Ed Group</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Sponsored ADS</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>874080104</cusip>
    <value>2381</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>80138</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>80138</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Tempur Sealy Intl Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>88023U101</cusip>
    <value>2873</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>45826</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>45826</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Zayo Group Hldgs Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>98919V105</cusip>
    <value>1990</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>54088</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>54088</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
</informationTable>
