<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<informationTable xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable eis_13FDocument.xsd" xmlns="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable" xmlns:n1="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/document/thirteenf/informationtable" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Aerie Pharmaceuticals Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00771V108</cusip>
    <value>78799</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>4387466</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>4387466</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Advent Software Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>007974108</cusip>
    <value>263618</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>7542279</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>7542279</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Agria Corp.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Sponsored ADR</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00850H103</cusip>
    <value>6358</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>4325000</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>4325000</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Amyris Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>03236M101</cusip>
    <value>21047</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>3978660</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>3978660</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Armstrong World Inds. Inc. New</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>04247X102</cusip>
    <value>118387</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2054977</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2054977</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>AV Homes Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00234P102</cusip>
    <value>167437</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>9215017</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>9215017</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Biocryst Pharmaceuticals</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>09058V103</cusip>
    <value>8833</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1162269</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1162269</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Everbank Finl Corp</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>29977G102</cusip>
    <value>160238</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>8737103</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>8737103</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Five Prime Therapeutics Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>33830X104</cusip>
    <value>17691</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1053692</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1053692</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Freescale Semiconductor Ltd</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G3727Q101</cusip>
    <value>3147997</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>196136895</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>OTR</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>0</Sole>
      <Shared>196136895</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Genomic Health Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>37244C101</cusip>
    <value>26644</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>910273</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>910273</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Graphic Packaging Hldg. Co.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>388689101</cusip>
    <value>378175</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>39393264</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>39393264</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>LPL Finl Hldgs Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>50212V100</cusip>
    <value>786214</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>16710185</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>16710185</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>MacroGenics Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>556099109</cusip>
    <value>60586</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2208762</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2208762</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Norwegian Cruise Line Hldgs</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Shs</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G66721104</cusip>
    <value>570352</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>16079834</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>16079834</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Parkway Pptys Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>70159Q104</cusip>
    <value>456098</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>23644275</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>23644275</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Quintiles Transnatio Hldgs I</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>74876Y101</cusip>
    <value>992722</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>21422574</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>21422574</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Surgical Care Affiliates Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>86881L106</cusip>
    <value>834102</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>23940916</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>23940916</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>875372104</cusip>
    <value>64327</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>2496194</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>2496194</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Veracyte Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>92337F107</cusip>
    <value>51503</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>3551929</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>3551929</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Xerium Technologies Inc.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com New</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>98416J118</cusip>
    <value>1037</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>62900</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>62900</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Co.</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>44157R109</cusip>
    <value>21679</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>1278234</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>1278234</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Adobe Sys Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>00724F101</cusip>
    <value>5003</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>83559</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>83559</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>CF Inds Hldgs Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>125269100</cusip>
    <value>3531</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>15150</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>15150</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Constellation Brands Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>21036P108</cusip>
    <value>5647</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>80237</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>80237</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Evertec Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>30040P103</cusip>
    <value>5314</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>215504</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>215504</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Hertz Global Holdings Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>42805T105</cusip>
    <value>5606</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>195888</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>195888</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Interactive Brokers Group Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>45841N107</cusip>
    <value>4126</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>169533</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>169533</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>IntercontinentalExchange Gro *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>45866F104</cusip>
    <value>4872</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>21660</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>21660</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Mallinckrodt Pub Ltd Co *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>SHS</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>G5785G107</cusip>
    <value>2321</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>44411</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>44411</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Marathon Pete Corp. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>56585A102</cusip>
    <value>5403</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>58899</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>58899</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Seaworld Entmt Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>81282V100</cusip>
    <value>1066</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>37057</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>30057</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Semgroup Corp. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Cl A Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>81663A105</cusip>
    <value>4776</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>73220</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>73220</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Stewart Information Svcs Corp. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>860372101</cusip>
    <value>3737</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>115813</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>115813</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>883556102</cusip>
    <value>7211</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>64761</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>64761</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
  <infoTable>
    <nameOfIssuer>Verint Sys Inc. *</nameOfIssuer>
    <titleOfClass>Com</titleOfClass>
    <cusip>92343X100</cusip>
    <value>3865</value>
    <shrsOrPrnAmt>
      <sshPrnamt>90003</sshPrnamt>
      <sshPrnamtType>SH</sshPrnamtType>
    </shrsOrPrnAmt>
    <investmentDiscretion>DFND</investmentDiscretion>
    <votingAuthority>
      <Sole>90003</Sole>
      <Shared>0</Shared>
      <None>0</None>
    </votingAuthority>
  </infoTable>
</informationTable>
