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Stock-Based Compensation and Equity Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock Option Activity The following table summarizes stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands except per share amounts and years):

 

 

 

Options

 

 

Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price

 

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(In Years)

 

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2020

 

 

9,843

 

 

$

4.11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

2,965

 

 

$

4.26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(3

)

 

$

2.11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

(1,097

)

 

$

4.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021

 

 

11,708

 

 

$

4.15

 

 

 

6.8

 

 

$

460

 

Options vested and expected to vest as of
   December 31, 2021

 

 

11,708

 

 

$

4.15

 

 

 

6.8

 

 

$

460

 

Options exercisable as of December 31, 2021

 

 

6,994

 

 

$

4.44

 

 

 

5.6

 

 

$

348

 

Summary of Certain Information Regarding Stock Options

The following table summarizes certain information regarding stock options (in thousands, except per share data):

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of
   options granted during the period

 

$

3.32

 

 

$

2.68

 

 

$

1.64

 

Cash received from options exercised during the
   period

 

 

6

 

 

 

206

 

 

 

5

 

Intrinsic value of options exercised during the period

 

 

1

 

 

 

59

 

 

 

2

 

Summary of Restricted Stock Unit, Activity

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 (share amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

 

Weighted-Average Grant-Date
Fair Value

 

Unvested as of December 31, 2020

 

 

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

1,697

 

 

$

2.16

 

Vested

 

 

 

 

$

 

Forfeited

 

 

(47

)

 

$

2.16

 

Unvested as of December 31, 2021

 

 

1,650

 

 

$

2.16

 

Weighted-Average Underlying Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Stock Options and ESPP Rights

The following are the weighted-average underlying assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options and ESPP rights using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model:

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Stock Options:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.8

%

 

 

1.5

%

 

 

2.5

%

Expected dividend yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

 

99.2

%

 

 

96.7

%

 

 

98.1

%

Expected term (in years)

 

 

6.0

 

 

 

6.1

 

 

 

6.1

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

2.0

%

Expected dividend yield

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

 

 

0.0

%

Expected volatility

 

 

90.9

%

 

 

69.8

%

 

 

69.5

%

Expected term (in years)

 

 

1.3

 

 

 

1.3

 

 

 

1.3

 

Summary of Non-cash Stock Based Compensation Expense

Total non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized in the statements of operations is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Cost of product sales

 

$

3

 

 

$

13

 

 

$

12

 

Research and development

 

 

3,355

 

 

 

2,456

 

 

 

2,085

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

4,039

 

 

 

3,642

 

 

 

2,793

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

$

7,397

 

 

$

6,111

 

 

$

4,890