<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<edgarSubmission xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/thirteenffiler eis_13F_Filer.xsd" xmlns="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/thirteenffiler" xmlns:ns1="http://www.sec.gov/edgar/common" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <schemaVersion>X0202</schemaVersion>
  <headerData>
    <submissionType>13F-HR</submissionType>
    <filerInfo>
      <liveTestFlag>LIVE</liveTestFlag>
      <flags>
        <confirmingCopyFlag>false</confirmingCopyFlag>
        <returnCopyFlag>true</returnCopyFlag>
        <overrideInternetFlag>false</overrideInternetFlag>
      </flags>
      <filer>
        <credentials>
          <cik>0001493215</cik>
          <ccc>XXXXXXXX</ccc>
        </credentials>
      </filer>
      <periodOfReport>09-30-2023</periodOfReport>
    </filerInfo>
  </headerData>
  <formData>
    <coverPage>
      <reportCalendarOrQuarter>09-30-2023</reportCalendarOrQuarter>
      <isAmendment>false</isAmendment>
      <filingManager>
        <name>RTW INVESTMENTS, LP</name>
        <address>
          <ns1:street1>40 10TH AVENUE</ns1:street1>
          <ns1:street2>7Th FLOOR</ns1:street2>
          <ns1:city>NEW YORK</ns1:city>
          <ns1:stateOrCountry>NY</ns1:stateOrCountry>
          <ns1:zipCode>10014</ns1:zipCode>
        </address>
      </filingManager>
      <reportType>13F HOLDINGS REPORT</reportType>
      <form13FFileNumber>028-16670</form13FFileNumber>
      <crdNumber>000153232</crdNumber>
      <secFileNumber>801-78183</secFileNumber>
      <provideInfoForInstruction5>Y</provideInfoForInstruction5>
      <additionalInformation>Previously RTW Master Fund, Ltd., RTW Innovation Master Fund Ltd., and RTW Biotech Opportunities Ltd. made separate 13F Notice filings and were listed in the reporting person's Form 13F as Other Included Managers.  The reporting person has determined to cease making such 13F Notice filings and will continue to report in its Form 13F filings the Section 13F securities held by RTW Master Fund, Ltd., RTW Innovation Master Fund Ltd., and RTW Biotech Opportunities Ltd.</additionalInformation>
    </coverPage>
    <signatureBlock>
      <name>Roderick Wong</name>
      <title>Managing Partner</title>
      <phone>646-597-6980</phone>
      <signature>/s/ Roderick Wong</signature>
      <city>New York</city>
      <stateOrCountry>NY</stateOrCountry>
      <signatureDate>11-14-2023</signatureDate>
    </signatureBlock>
    <summaryPage>
      <otherIncludedManagersCount>0</otherIncludedManagersCount>
      <tableEntryTotal>67</tableEntryTotal>
      <tableValueTotal>4739611392</tableValueTotal>
    </summaryPage>
  </formData>
</edgarSubmission>
