Restructuring Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Restructuring And Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring Activities

9. Restructuring Activities

Restructuring charges primarily relate to employee separation packages. The amounts are calculated based on salary levels and past service periods. Severance costs are generally charged to earnings when planned employee terminations are approved.

A summary of the changes in the liabilities for restructuring activities is provided below:

	Total
(IN MILLIONS)	Initiatives
Balance at December 31, 2013	$	99
Charges		89
Non cash charges and other adjustments		(3	)
Payments		(113	)
Balance at December 31, 2014		72
Charges		51
Non cash charges and other adjustments		(8	)
Payments		(77	)
Balance at December 31, 2015		38
Charges		105
Non cash charges and other adjustments		(1	)
Payments		(69	)
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	73

Of the $73 million in remaining liabilities for restructuring actions, $67 million is expected to be paid within one year and is classified as a current liability within the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016.

Productivity Initiatives  

The Company recorded $105million in restructuring charges primarily relating to employee severance associated with productivity initiatives and contract termination costs during the year ended December 31, 2016.

The Company recorded $51 million and $89 million in restructuring charges primarily relating to employee severance associated with productivity initiatives during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.