Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company estimates an annual effective income tax rate based on projected results for the year and applies this rate to income before taxes to calculate income tax expense. Any refinements made due to subsequent information that affects the estimated annual effective income tax rate are reflected as adjustments in the current period.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company’s income tax benefit was $20,431. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company’s income tax expense was $5,928. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company's income tax expense was $33 and $5, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the difference between the effective rate and the statutory rate was primarily attributed to the application of research and development credits and the change in the valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are “more likely than not” capable of being sustained. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $2,571 of unrecognized tax benefits. Interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as tax expense within the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company does not expect a significant increase or decrease to the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.

The Company and its subsidiaries file U.S. federal income tax returns and various state, local and foreign income tax returns. At June 30, 2023, the Company’s statutes of limitations are open for all federal and state tax returns filed after the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net operating loss (“NOL”) and credit carryforwards from all years are subject to examination and adjustments for the three years following the year in which the carryforwards are utilized. The Company is not currently under Internal Revenue Service or state examination.

Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Sections 382 and 383, the utilization of NOLs and other tax attributes may be substantially limited due to cumulative changes in ownership greater than 50% that may have occurred or could occur during applicable testing periods. The Company has performed an analysis through December 31, 2022 and determined that such an ownership change occurred on March 31, 2021. There was no material impact to the financial statements due to this ownership change.