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Loans Receivable And Allowance For Credit Losses
9 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]  
Loans Receivable And Allowance For Credit Losses LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loans receivable, net at the dates presented is summarized as follows:
June 30, 2020September 30, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$3,955,668  $3,873,851  
Correspondent purchased2,268,031  2,349,877  
Bulk purchased217,652  252,347  
Construction36,595  36,758  
Total6,477,946  6,512,833  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate625,106  583,617  
Commercial and industrial 99,735  61,094  
Construction87,448  123,159  
Total812,289  767,870  
Consumer:
Home equity107,174  120,587  
Other10,033  11,183  
Total117,207  131,770  
Total loans receivable7,407,442  7,412,473  
Less:
ACL31,215  9,226  
Discounts/unearned loan fees 30,312  31,058  
Premiums/deferred costs(42,175) (44,558) 
$7,388,090  $7,416,747  

Lending Practices and Underwriting Standards - Originating and purchasing one- to four-family loans is the Bank's primary lending business. The Bank also originates consumer loans primarily secured by one- to four-family residential properties and originates and participates in commercial loans. The Bank has a loan concentration in one- to four-family loans and a geographic concentration of these loans in Kansas and Missouri.

One- to four-family loans - Full documentation to support an applicant's credit and income, and sufficient funds to cover all applicable fees and reserves at closing, are required on all loans. Generally, loans are underwritten according to the "ability to repay" and "qualified mortgage" standards, as issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB"). Properties securing one- to four-family loans are appraised by either staff appraisers or fee appraisers, both of which are independent of the loan origination function.

The underwriting standards for loans purchased from correspondent lenders are generally similar to the Bank's internal underwriting standards. The underwriting of loans purchased from correspondent lenders on a loan-by-loan basis is performed by the Bank's underwriters.

The Bank also originates owner-occupied construction-to-permanent loans secured by one- to four-family residential real estate. Construction draw requests and the supporting documentation are reviewed and approved by designated personnel. The Bank also performs regular documented inspections of the construction project to ensure the funds are being used for the intended purpose and the project is being completed according to the plans and specifications provided.

Commercial loans - The Bank's commercial real estate and commercial construction loans are originated by the Bank or are in participation with a lead bank. When underwriting a commercial real estate or commercial construction loan, several factors are considered, such as the income producing potential of the property, cash equity provided by the borrower, the financial strength of the borrower, managerial expertise of the borrower or tenant, feasibility studies, lending experience with the borrower and the marketability of the property. For commercial real estate and commercial construction participation loans, the Bank performs the same underwriting procedures as if the loan was being originated by the Bank. At the time of origination, loan-to-value ("LTV")
ratios on commercial real estate loans generally do not exceed 85% of the appraised value of the property securing the loans and the minimum debt service coverage ratio is generally 1.15. For commercial construction loans, LTV ratios generally do not exceed 80% of the projected appraised value of the property securing the loans and the minimum debt service coverage ratio is generally 1.15, but it applies to the projected cash flows, and the borrower must have successful experience with the construction and operation of properties similar to the subject property. Appraisals on properties securing these loans are performed by independent state certified fee appraisers.

The Bank's commercial and industrial loans are generally made in the Bank's market areas and are underwritten on the basis of the borrower's ability to service the debt from income. Working capital loans are primarily collateralized by short-term assets whereas term loans are primarily collateralized by long-term assets. In general, commercial and industrial loans involve more credit risk than commercial real estate loans due to the type of collateral securing these loans. As a result of these additional complexities, variables and risks, these loans require more thorough underwriting and servicing than other types of loans.

Consumer loans - The Bank offers a variety of secured consumer loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit, home improvement loans, vehicle loans, and loans secured by deposits. The Bank also originates a very limited amount of unsecured loans. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio is comprised of home equity lines of credit for which the Bank also has the first mortgage or the home equity line of credit is in the first lien position.

The underwriting standards for consumer loans include a determination of an applicant's payment history on other debts and an assessment of an applicant's ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although creditworthiness of an applicant is a primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the security in relation to the proposed loan amount.

Credit Quality Indicators - Based on the Bank's lending emphasis and underwriting standards, management has segmented the loan portfolio into three segments: (1) one- to four-family; (2) consumer; and (3) commercial. These segments are further divided into classes for purposes of providing disaggregated information about the credit quality of the loan portfolio. The classes are: one- to four-family - originated, one- to four-family - correspondent purchased, one- to four-family - bulk purchased, consumer - home equity, consumer - other, commercial - commercial real estate, and commercial - commercial and industrial. One- to four-family construction loans are included in either the originated class or correspondent purchased class, and commercial construction loans are included in the commercial real estate class.

The Bank's primary credit quality indicators for the one- to four-family and consumer - home equity loan portfolios are delinquency status, asset classifications, LTV ratios, and borrower credit scores. The Bank's primary credit quality indicators for the commercial and consumer - other loan portfolios are delinquency status and asset classifications.
The following tables present the recorded investment, by class, in loans 30 to 89 days delinquent, loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure, total delinquent loans, current loans, and total recorded investment at the dates presented. The recorded investment in loans is defined as the unpaid principal balance of a loan, less charge-offs and inclusive of unearned loan fees and deferred costs. At June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, all loans 90 or more days delinquent were on nonaccrual status.
June 30, 2020
90 or More DaysTotalTotal
30 to 89 DaysDelinquent orDelinquentCurrentRecorded
Delinquentin ForeclosureLoansLoansInvestment
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$5,058  $4,012  $9,070  $3,969,051  $3,978,121  
Correspondent purchased2,963  2,781  5,744  2,291,891  2,297,635  
Bulk purchased4,579  1,305  5,884  212,753  218,637  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,373  546  1,919  707,744  709,663  
Commercial and industrial 169  165  334  97,823  98,157  
Consumer:
Home equity393  249  642  106,448  107,090  
Other38  30  68  9,934  10,002  
$14,573  $9,088  $23,661  $7,395,644  $7,419,305  
September 30, 2019
90 or More DaysTotalTotal
30 to 89 DaysDelinquent orDelinquentCurrentRecorded
Delinquentin ForeclosureLoansLoansInvestment
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$7,187  $3,261  $10,448  $3,885,335  $3,895,783  
Correspondent purchased2,762  1,023  3,785  2,377,629  2,381,414  
Bulk purchased3,624  1,484  5,108  248,376  253,484  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate762  —  762  702,377  703,139  
Commercial and industrial 70  173  243  60,340  60,583  
Consumer:
Home equity446  302  748  119,688  120,436  
Other78  21  99  11,035  11,134  
$14,929  $6,264  $21,193  $7,404,780  $7,425,973  

The recorded investment in mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 was $2.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively, which is included in loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure in the table above.   The carrying value of residential OREO held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure was $183 thousand at June 30, 2020 and $745 thousand at September 30, 2019.
The following table presents the recorded investment, by class, in loans classified as nonaccrual at the dates presented.
June 30, 2020September 30, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$4,955  $4,436  
Correspondent purchased2,971  1,023  
Bulk purchased1,305  1,551  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate546  —  
Commercial and industrial 165  173  
Consumer:
Home equity282  337  
Other30  21  
$10,254  $7,541  

In accordance with the Bank's asset classification policy, management regularly reviews the problem loans in the Bank's portfolio to determine whether any loans require classification. Loan classifications are defined as follows:

Special mention - These loans are performing loans on which known information about the collateral pledged or the possible credit problems of the borrower(s) have caused management to have doubts as to the ability of the borrower(s) to comply with present loan repayment terms and which may result in the future inclusion of such loans in the non-performing loan categories.
Substandard - A loan is considered substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans include those characterized by the distinct possibility the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful - Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts and conditions and values highly questionable and improbable.
Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets on the books is not warranted.

The following table sets forth the recorded investment in loans classified as special mention or substandard, by class, at the dates presented. Special mention and substandard loans are included in the ACL formula analysis model if the loans are not individually evaluated for loss. Loans classified as doubtful or loss are individually evaluated for loss. At the dates presented, there were no loans classified as doubtful, and all loans classified as loss were fully charged-off.
June 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Special MentionSubstandardSpecial MentionSubstandard
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated$10,611  $16,401  $12,941  $15,628  
Correspondent purchased1,667  5,168  2,349  2,785  
Bulk purchased—  5,102  102  5,294  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate50,969  3,192  52,891  2,472  
Commercial and industrial 1,072  1,931  1,215  3,057  
Consumer:
Home equity318  534  280  696  
Other—  30   24  
$64,637  $32,358  $69,780  $29,956  
The following table shows the weighted average credit score and weighted average LTV for one- to four-family loans and consumer home equity loans at the dates presented. Borrower credit scores are intended to provide an indication as to the likelihood that a borrower will repay their debts. Credit scores are updated at least annually, with the last update in June 2020, from a nationally recognized consumer rating agency. The LTV ratios provide an estimate of the extent to which the Bank may incur a loss on any given loan that may go into foreclosure. The consumer - home equity LTV does not take into account the first lien position, if applicable.  The LTV ratios were based on the current loan balance and either the lesser of the purchase price or original appraisal, or the most recent Bank appraisal, if available. In most cases, the most recent appraisal was obtained at the time of origination.
June 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Credit ScoreLTVCredit ScoreLTV
One- to four-family - originated77062 %76862 %
One- to four-family - correspondent76564  76565  
One- to four-family - bulk purchased 76860  76261  
Consumer - home equity75519  75419  
76862  76662  
Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") - The following tables present the recorded investment prior to restructuring and immediately after restructuring in all loans restructured during the periods presented. These tables do not reflect the recorded investment at the end of the periods indicated. Any increase in the recorded investment at the time of the restructuring was generally due to the capitalization of delinquent interest and/or escrow balances.
For the Three Months Ended For the Nine Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2020
NumberPre-Post-NumberPre-Post-
ofRestructuredRestructuredofRestructuredRestructured
ContractsOutstandingOutstandingContractsOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated—  $—  $—   $241  $242  
Correspondent purchased—  —  —   192  191  
Bulk purchased—  —  —   75  134  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate—  —  —   837  837  
Commercial and industrial —  —  —  —  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity—  —  —   45  44  
Other—  —  —  —  —  —  
—  $—  $—  10  $1,390  $1,448  
For the Three Months Ended For the Nine Months Ended
June 30, 2019June 30, 2019
NumberPre-Post-NumberPre-Post-
ofRestructuredRestructuredofRestructuredRestructured
ContractsOutstandingOutstandingContractsOutstandingOutstanding
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated—  $—  $—   $117  $117  
Correspondent purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  
Bulk purchased 69  69   377  377  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate—  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial —  —  —  —  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity—  —  —  —  —  —  
Other—  —  —  —  —  —  
 $69  $69   $494  $494  
The following table provides information on TDRs that became delinquent during the periods presented within 12 months after being restructured.
For the Three Months Ended For the Nine Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
Number ofRecordedNumber ofRecordedNumber ofRecordedNumber ofRecorded
ContractsInvestmentContractsInvestmentContractsInvestmentContractsInvestment
(Dollars in thousands)
One- to four-family:
Originated—  $—  —  $—   $38   $45  
Correspondent purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Bulk purchased—  —  —  —   134  —  —  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity—  —  —  —    —  —  
Other—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
—  $—  —  $—   $181   $45  

In late March 2020, the Bank announced loan modification programs to support and provide relief for its borrowers during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 ("COVID-19") pandemic. Generally, loan modifications under these programs ("COVID-19 loan modifications") for one- to four-family loans and consumer loans consist of a three-month payment forbearance of principal, interest, and in some cases, escrow. COVID-19 loan modifications of commercial loans mainly consist of up to a six-month interest-only payment period, but an option for a three- to six-month forbearance of principal and interest was also available to our borrowers. The COVID-19 loan modification programs are consistent with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act or interagency guidance from the federal banking agencies on such programs, and the Company has followed such guidance when determining if a borrower's modification is subject to TDR classification. If it is determined that the modification is not short-term, not related to financial hardship resulting from COVID-19, or the customer does not meet the criteria under the guidance to be excluded from TDR classification, the Company evaluates the loan modifications under its existing TDR framework. Loans subject to forbearance under the COVID-19 loan modification program are not reported as past due or placed on nonaccrual status during the forbearance time period.
Impaired loans - The following information pertains to impaired loans, by class, as of the dates presented.
June 30, 2020September 30, 2019
UnpaidUnpaid
RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedPrincipalRelated
InvestmentBalanceACLInvestmentBalanceACL
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated$13,306  $13,781  $—  $14,683  $15,241  $—  
Correspondent purchased1,951  2,054  —  1,763  1,868  —  
Bulk purchased4,573  5,293  —  4,943  5,661  —  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,733  2,060  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial 103  248  —  60  184  —  
Consumer:
Home equity289  393  —  345  462  —  
Other—  35  —  —  29  —  
21,955  23,864  —  21,794  23,445  —  
With an allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated—  —  —  —  —  —  
Correspondent purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  
Bulk purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate—  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial 1,771  1,770  240  —  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity—  —  —  —  —  —  
Other—  —  —  —  —  —  
1,771  1,770  240  —  —  —  
Total
One- to four-family:
Originated13,306  13,781  —  14,683  15,241  —  
Correspondent purchased1,951  2,054  —  1,763  1,868  —  
Bulk purchased4,573  5,293  —  4,943  5,661  —  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate1,733  2,060  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial 1,874  2,018  240  60  184  —  
Consumer:
Home equity289  393  —  345  462  —  
Other—  35  —  —  29  —  
$23,726  $25,634  $240  $21,794  $23,445  $—  
The following information pertains to impaired loans, by class, for the periods presented.
For the Three Months Ended For the Nine Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
AverageInterestAverageInterestAverageInterestAverageInterest
RecordedIncomeRecordedIncomeRecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
InvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated$13,865  $150  $15,235  $163  $14,273  $472  $16,450  $515  
Correspondent purchased1,949  19  2,007  20  1,855  56  2,162  65  
Bulk purchased4,814  46  5,114  48  4,910  148  5,350  134  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate817   —  —  494   —  —  
Commercial and industrial 26  —  —  —  24  —  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity319   381   329  15  435  22  
Other —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
21,791  224  22,737  237  21,885  700  24,397  736  
With an allowance recorded
One- to four-family:
Originated—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Correspondent purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Bulk purchased—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Commercial and industrial 1,875  24  —  —  1,440  78  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Other—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
1,875  24  —  —  1,440  78  —  —  
Total
One- to four-family:
Originated13,865  150  15,235  163  14,273  472  16,450  515  
Correspondent purchased1,949  19  2,007  20  1,855  56  2,162  65  
Bulk purchased4,814  46  5,114  48  4,910  148  5,350  134  
Commercial:
Commercial real estate817   —  —  494   —  —  
Commercial and industrial 1,901  24  —  —  1,464  78  —  —  
Consumer:
Home equity319   381   329  15  435  22  
Other —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
$23,666  $248  $22,737  $237  $23,325  $778  $24,397  $736  
Allowance for Credit Losses - The Bank maintains an ACL to absorb inherent losses in the loan portfolio based on quarterly assessments of the loan portfolio. Each quarter a formula analysis model is prepared which segregates the loan portfolio into categories based on certain risk characteristics.  Historical loss factors and qualitative factors are applied to each loan category in the formula analysis model.  The factors are reviewed by management quarterly to assess whether the factors adequately cover probable and estimable losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  Due to the deterioration of economic conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, management increased some of the historical loss factors and qualitative factors in the formula analysis model to account for the increase in the estimated inherent losses in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2020. The significant deterioration of economic conditions at March 31, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic carried into the June 30, 2020 quarter. The increase in the historical loss factors and qualitative factors due to the deterioration of economic conditions accounts for the majority of the increase in the ACL during the current fiscal year. Management will continue to closely monitor economic conditions and will work with borrowers as necessary to assist them through this challenging economic climate. If economic conditions worsen or do not improve in the near term, and if future government programs, if any, do not provide adequate relief to borrowers, it is possible the Bank's ACL will need to increase in future periods.

The following is a summary of ACL activity, by loan portfolio segment, for the periods presented, and the ending balance of ACL based on the Company's impairment methodology.
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$6,467  $3,355  $557  $10,379  $20,328  $489  $31,196  
Charge-offs—  —  —  —  —  (5) (5) 
Recoveries—  —  —  —  17   24  
Provision for credit losses(121) (166) (51) (338) 359  (21) —  
Ending balance$6,346  $3,189  $506  $10,041  $20,704  $470  $31,215  

For the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$2,000  $1,203  $687  $3,890  $5,171  $165  $9,226  
Charge-offs(64) —  —  (64) (349) (15) (428) 
Recoveries —  —   98  16  117  
Provision for credit losses4,407  1,986  (181) 6,212  15,784  304  22,300  
Ending balance$6,346  $3,189  $506  $10,041  $20,704  $470  $31,215  
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$2,173  $1,392  $802  $4,367  $4,088  $164  $8,619  
Charge-offs(45) —  —  (45) —  (16) (61) 
Recoveries —  —   17   28  
Provision for credit losses(95) (117) (60) (272) 727  (5) 450  
Ending balance$2,036  $1,275  $742  $4,053  $4,832  $151  $9,036  
For the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance$2,953  $1,861  $925  $5,739  $2,556  $168  $8,463  
Charge-offs(75) —  (26) (101) —  (28) (129) 
Recoveries —  106  114  44  94  252  
Provision for credit losses(850) (586) (263) (1,699) 2,232  (83) 450  
Ending balance$2,036  $1,275  $742  $4,053  $4,832  $151  $9,036  

The following is a summary of the loan portfolio and related ACL balances, at the dates presented, by loan portfolio segment disaggregated by the Company's impairment method.
June 30, 2020
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded investment in loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$3,964,815  $2,295,684  $214,064  $6,474,563  $804,213  $116,803  $7,395,579  
Individually evaluated for impairment13,306  1,951  4,573  19,830  3,607  289  23,726  
$3,978,121  $2,297,635  $218,637  $6,494,393  $807,820  $117,092  $7,419,305  
ACL for loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$6,346  $3,189  $506  $10,041  $20,464  $470  $30,975  
Individually evaluated for impairment—  —  —  —  240  —  240  
$6,346  $3,189  $506  $10,041  $20,704  $470  $31,215  
September 30, 2019
One- to Four-Family
CorrespondentBulk
OriginatedPurchasedPurchasedTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded investment in loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$3,881,100  $2,379,651  $248,541  $6,509,292  $763,662  $131,225  $7,404,179  
Individually evaluated for impairment14,683  1,763  4,943  21,389  60  345  21,794  
$3,895,783  $2,381,414  $253,484  $6,530,681  $763,722  $131,570  $7,425,973  
ACL for loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment$2,000  $1,203  $687  $3,890  $5,171  $165  $9,226  
Individually evaluated for impairment—  —  —  —  —  —  —  
$2,000  $1,203  $687  $3,890  $5,171  $165  $9,226