Shares are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of, and hold legal title to, all
outstanding Shares of a Fund and is recognized as the owner of all outstanding Shares of the Fund.
Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. Participants in DTC
include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive
physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its
participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book- entry or “street name” form.
Fixed income securities are valued at market value. Market value generally means a valuation (i) obtained from an exchange, a pricing service or a major market maker (or
dealer), (ii) based on a price quotation or other equivalent indication of value supplied by an exchange, a pricing service or a major market maker (or dealer), or (iii) based on amortized cost. The Fund’s debt securities are thus valued by
reference to a combination of transactions and quotations for the same or other securities believed to be comparable in quality, coupon, maturity, type of issue, call provisions, trading characteristics and other features deemed to be relevant.
To the extent a Fund’s debt securities are valued based on price quotations or other equivalent indications of value provided by a third-party pricing service, any such third-party pricing service may use a variety of methodologies to value some
or all of a Fund’s debt securities to determine the market price. For example, the prices of securities with characteristics like those held by a Fund may be used to assist with the pricing process. In addition, the pricing service may use
proprietary pricing models.
Equity securities are valued at the last reported sale price on the principal exchange on which such securities are traded, as of the close of regular trading on the
Exchange on the day the securities are being valued or, if there are no sales, at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices. Equity securities that are traded in over-the-counter markets are valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price as of
the close of regular trading on the Exchange on the day the securities are valued or, if there are no sales, at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices.
Securities will be valued at fair value when market quotations (or other market valuations such as those obtained from a pricing service) are not readily available or are
deemed unreliable. Fair value determinations are made in accordance with the policies and procedures approved by the Board. Market quotations may not be readily available or may be determined to be unreliable when a security’s value or a
meaningful portion of the Fund’s portfolio is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event. A significant event is an event that is likely to materially affect the value of the Fund’s investment. Such events may include a
natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, a trading halt in a security, an unscheduled early market close or a substantial fluctuation in domestic and foreign markets that has occurred between the close of the principal
exchange and the Exchange. In such a case, the value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price. In addition, due to the subjective and variable nature of fair market value pricing, it is possible that the value
determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale.
Trading in securities on many foreign securities exchanges and over-the-counter markets is normally completed before the close of business on the Exchange. In addition, securities trading in a particular country or countries may not take place on all U.S. business days or may take place on days that are not U.S. business days. Changes in
valuations of certain securities may occur at times or on days on which the Fund’s NAV is not calculated and on which a Fund does not affect sales or redemptions of its shares.
Orders must be placed in proper form by or through an AP that is a participant of the DTC (“DTC Participant”). All standard orders must be placed for one or more whole
Creation Units of Shares of a Fund and must be received by the Distributor in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. Eastern time)
(“Closing Time”) in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. In the case of custom orders, the order must be received by the Distributor no later than one hour prior to Closing Time in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share.
A custom order may be placed by an AP in the event that the Trust permits or requires the substitution of an amount of cash to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for
delivery or which may not be eligible for trading by such AP or the investor for which it is acting or any other relevant reason. A fixed creation transaction fee of $250 per transaction (the “Creation Transaction Fee”) is applicable to each
transaction regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased in the transaction. An additional variable charge for cash creations or partial cash creations may also be imposed to compensate each Fund for the costs associated with buying the
applicable securities. A Fund may adjust these fees from time to time based on actual experience. The price for each Creation Unit will equal the Fund’s daily NAV per share times the number of Shares in a Creation Unit plus the fees described
above and, if applicable, any transfer taxes.
Shares of a Fund may be issued in advance of receipt of all Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain cash at least equal to at
least 105% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities on deposit with the Trust.
For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.
An order to redeem Creation Units of a Fund may only be effected by or through an Authorized Participant. An order to redeem must be placed for one or more whole Creation
Units and must be received by the transfer agent in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) in order to receive that day’s
closing NAV per Share. In the case of custom orders, as further described in the Statement of Additional Information, the order must be received by the transfer agent no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time.
For more detailed information, see “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” in the Statement of Additional Information.
Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through which the shares were purchased makes such option available.
Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Funds in Creation Units by APs, and the vast majority of trading in the Fund’s Shares occurs on the secondary
market. Because the secondary market trades do not directly involve the Funds, it is unlikely those trades would cause the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Funds’ trading
costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with the Fund, to the extent effected in-kind (i.e., for securities), those trades do not
cause the harmful effects that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, those trades could result in dilution to the Fund and
increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that Fund shares trade at or close to NAV. The Fund also employs fair
valuation pricing to minimize potential dilution from market timing. In addition, the Fund imposes transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Fund shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the Fund in effecting trades. These
fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that a Fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Trust has determined that it is not necessary to adopt
policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of the Fund’s shares.
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares will be taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You
should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares.
Unless your investment in Shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as an IRA, you need to be aware of the possible tax
consequences when:
Distributions from the Funds’ net investment income (other than qualified dividend income), including distributions of income from securities lending and
distributions out of the Funds’ net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income. Distributions by the Funds of net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (capital gain dividends) are taxable
to you as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held the Funds’ shares. Distributions by the Funds that qualify as qualified dividend income are taxable to you at long-term capital gain rates. Long-term capital gains and
qualified dividend income are generally eligible for taxation at a maximum rate of 15% for non-corporate shareholders with incomes below approximately $400,000 ($450,000 if married and filing jointly), amounts adjusted annually for inflation, and
20% for individuals with any income above these amounts that is net long-term capital gain or qualified dividend income. In addition, a 3.8% U.S. federal Medicare contribution tax is imposed on “net investment income,” including, but not limited
to, interest, dividends, and net gain, of U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000 (or $250,000 if married and filing jointly) and of estates and trusts.
Dividends will be qualified dividend income to you if they are attributable to qualified dividend income received by the Funds. Generally, qualified
dividend income includes dividend income from taxable U.S. corporations, provided that the Funds satisfy certain holding period requirements in respect of the stock of such corporations and has not hedged its position in the stock in certain
ways. Substitute dividends received by the Funds with respect to dividends paid on securities lent out will not be qualified dividend income. For this purpose, a qualified non-U.S. corporation means any non-U.S. corporation that is eligible for
benefits under a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States, which includes an exchange of information program or if the stock with respect to which the dividend was paid is readily tradable on an established United States securities
market. The term excludes a corporation that is a passive foreign investment company.
Dividends received by the Funds from another RIC generally are qualified dividend income only to the extent the dividend distributions are made out of
qualified dividend income received by such RIC.
For a dividend to be treated as qualified dividend income, the dividend must be received with respect to a share of stock held without being hedged by the
Funds, and with respect to a share of the Funds held without being hedged by you, for 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend
or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date.
If your Fund shares are loaned out pursuant to a securities lending arrangement, you may lose the ability to treat Fund dividends paid while the shares are
held by the borrower as qualified dividend income. In addition, you may lose the ability to use foreign tax credits passed through by the Funds if your Fund shares are loaned out pursuant to a securities lending agreement.
In general, your distributions are subject to U.S. federal income tax for the year when they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may
be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year.
If the Funds’ distributions exceed current and accumulated earnings and profits, all or a portion of the distributions made in the taxable year may be
recharacterized as a return of capital to shareholders. Distributions in excess of the Funds’ minimum distribution requirements, but not in excess of the Funds’ earnings and profits, will be taxable to shareholders and will not constitute
nontaxable returns of capital. A return of capital distribution generally will not be taxable but will reduce the shareholder's cost basis and result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was
received are sold. Once a shareholder's cost basis is reduced to zero, further distributions will be treated as capital gain, if the shareholder holds shares of the Funds as capital assets.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a non-U.S. entity, the Funds’ ordinary income dividends (which include
distributions of net short-term capital gains) will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies, provided that withholding tax will generally not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-U.S.
shareholder in respect of any distributions of long-term capital gains or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the Funds.
A 30% withholding tax is currently imposed on U.S.-source dividends, interest, and other income items, and will be imposed on proceeds from the sale of
property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest paid after December 31, 2018, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”)
information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial
institutions will need to (i) enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses, and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with
due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial
institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders, or (ii) in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation
are adopted, provide local revenue authorities with similar account holder information. Other foreign entities will need to provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no
substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS.
Dividends, interest, and capital gains earned by the Funds with respect to non-U.S. securities may give rise to withholding, capital gains and other taxes
imposed by non-U.S. countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the total assets of the Funds at the close of a year consists of non-U.S. stocks or securities
(generally, for this purpose, depositary receipts, no matter where traded, of non-U.S. companies are treated as “non-U.S.”), the Funds may “pass through” to you certain non-U.S. income taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the Funds. This
means that you would be considered to have received as an additional dividend your share of such non-U.S. taxes, but you may be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction in calculating your taxable income, or, subject to certain
limitations, a credit in calculating your U.S. federal income tax.
For purposes of foreign tax credits for U.S. shareholders of the Funds, foreign capital gains taxes may not produce associated foreign source income, thereby limiting a U.S.
person's ability to use such credits.
If you are a resident or a citizen of the United States, by law, back-up withholding at a 28% rate will apply to your distributions and proceeds if you have not provided a
taxpayer identification number or social security number and made other required certifications.
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year
and as short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
An Authorized Participant who exchanges equity securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference
between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the Cash Component paid. A person who exchanges Creation Units for equity securities will generally
recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the aggregate market value of the securities received and the Cash Redemption Amount. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that
a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons exchanging securities
should consult their own tax adviser with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Under current federal tax laws, any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have
been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less.
If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many and at what price you purchased or sold Shares.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the possible consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Funds. It is not a substitute
for personal tax advice. You may also be subject to state and local taxation on Fund distributions, and sales of Fund Shares. Consult your personal tax adviser about the potential tax consequences of an investment in Fund Shares under all
applicable tax laws.
For purposes of the 1940 Act, a Fund is treated as a registered investment company. Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act restricts investments by investment companies in the
securities of other investment companies, including Shares of the Funds. The SEC has issued an exemptive order to the Trust permitting registered investment companies to invest in the exchange-traded funds offered by the Trust beyond the limits
of Section 12(d)(1) subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the Trust, including that such registered investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust.
Fund fact sheets provide information regarding each Fund’s top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-800-773-3863.
Financial highlights for the Funds are not available because, as of the effective date of this Prospectus, the Funds have not commenced operations and therefore have no
financial highlights to report.
Additional information about the Funds is available in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Additional
information about the Funds’ investments is available in the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. The annual report includes a discussion of market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Fund’s
performance during its last fiscal year.
The Funds’ Statement of Additional Information and the annual and semi-annual reports are available, free of charge, on the websites listed below and upon request by
contacting the Funds (you may also request other information about the Funds or make shareholder inquiries) as follows:
Reports and other information about the Funds are available on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may
be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the Fund and its shares not contained in this Prospectus and you
should not rely on any other information. Read and keep this Prospectus for future reference.
Investment Company Act File No. 811-22398
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Fund
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Ticker
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Principal Listing
Exchange
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Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
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OOSP
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NYSE Arca
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Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF
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OGSP
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NYSE Arca
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March 26, 2024
A series of the
Spinnaker ETF Series
116 South Franklin Street
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27804
Telephone 1-800-773-3863
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is meant to be read in conjunction with the prospectus for the Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF and the Obra High Grade Structured
Products ETF (the “Funds”), dated March 26, 2024, (the “Prospectus”) as supplemented from time to time, and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into the Prospectus. Because this
SAI is not itself a prospectus, no investment in shares of the Funds should be made solely upon the information contained herein. Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise
noted. A copy of the Prospectus, Annual, and Semi-Annual Reports, when available, may be obtained without charge by writing or calling the Funds at the address or phone number shown above or online at www.obrafunds.com. The Prospectus is incorporated by reference into this SAI.
Reference to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (the “Investment Company Act” or the “1940 Act”), or other applicable law, will include any rules promulgated
thereunder and any guidance, interpretations or modifications by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, including court interpretations, and exemptive, no action or
other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.
Table of Contents
general description of the trust and the
funds
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2
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Exchange Listing and Trading
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2
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Investment Restrictions and Policies
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2
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Investment Policies and Risks
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4 |
Special Considerations and Risks
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15 |
General
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Equity Securities
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Non-U.S. And Emerging Markets Securities
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Tax Risks
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Continuous Offering
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Management
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Bbrokerage Transactions
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24 |
Additional Information Concerning the Trust
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Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
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29 |
Taxes
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37 |
Determination of NAV
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41 |
Dividends and Distributions
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43 |
Financial Statements
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43 |
Appendix A
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44 |
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS
Spinnaker ETF Series (the “Trust”) was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on December 21, 2016 and is authorized to have multiple series. The Trust currently consists
of 6 series. The Trust is an open-end management investment company, registered under the 1940 Act. The offering of the Funds’ shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the “Securities Act”). This SAI relates to Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF and Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF (the “Funds”). The Funds are exchange-traded funds (commonly referred to as an “ETF”). ETFs are funds
that trade like other publicly- traded securities. The Funds are actively managed and are not intended to track a market index. The shares of the Funds are referred to herein as “Shares” or “Fund Shares”.
The Funds are classified as “diversified”.
The Funds are managed by Obra Fund Management, LLC (the “Advisor”).
The Funds will offer and issue Shares at net asset value (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares (each a “Creation Unit” or a “Creation Unit
Aggregation”), generally in exchange for a basket of securities specified by the Funds (the “Deposit Securities”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”).
The Funds’ Shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange Arca (the “NYSE” or the “Exchange”) under the trading
symbols set out on the front cover.
Fund Shares will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at or above NAV. Shares are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations and, generally, in
exchange for portfolio securities and a specified cash payment. Creation Units are aggregations of 10,000 Shares. In the event of the liquidation of the Funds, the Trust may lower the number of Shares in a Creation Unit.
The Trust reserves the right to offer a “cash” option for creations and redemptions of Fund Shares. Fund Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities
subject to various conditions including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash at least equal to 105% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. See the “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations”
section. In each instance of such cash creations or redemptions, transaction fees may be imposed that will be higher than the transaction fees associated with in-kind creations or redemptions. In all cases, such fees will be limited in
accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities.
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
Shares of the Funds are listed for trading, and trade throughout the day, on the Exchange. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary to
maintain the listing of shares of the Funds will continue to be met. The Exchange may, but is not required to, remove the shares of the Funds from listing if (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of
the Funds, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of the Shares of the Funds for 30 or more consecutive trading days; or (ii) any other event shall occur or condition shall exist that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further dealings
on the Exchange inadvisable. The Exchange will also remove the shares of the Funds from listing and trading upon termination of the Funds.
As in the case of other stocks traded on the Exchange, broker’s commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share prices of the Funds in the future to help maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be
accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Funds.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS AND POLICIES
The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) as fundamental policies that cannot be changed with
respect to the Funds without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Funds. The investment objectives of the Funds and all other investment policies or practices
of the Funds are considered by the Trust not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of the vote of (i) 67%
or more of the Shares of the Funds present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Funds are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Shares of the Funds.
As a matter of fundamental policy, each Fund (except as otherwise noted below) may not:
(1) |
Concentrate its investments. The Fund’s concentration policy does not allow the Fund to purchase the securities of issuers conducting their principal business activity in the same
industry if, immediately after the purchase and as a result thereof, the value of the Fund’s investments in that industry would equal or exceed 25% of the current value of the Fund’s total assets. This restriction does not limit the
Fund’s: (i) investments in securities of other investment companies, (ii) investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or (iii) investments in repurchase agreements
collateralized by U.S. government securities.
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(2)
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Borrow money, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted, modified, or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time.
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(3)
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Issue any senior security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as amended, and as interpreted, modified or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from
time to time.
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(4)
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Make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted, modified, or otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction, from time to time.
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(5)
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Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this restriction shall not prevent the Funds from investing in securities of companies engaged in the real estate
business or securities or other instruments backed by real estate or mortgages), or commodities or commodity contracts.
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(6)
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Engage in the business of underwriting securities issued by other persons, except to the extent that the Funds may technically be deemed to be an underwriter under the Securities Act, in disposing of portfolio securities. |
Except for restriction (2), if a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase in percentage resulting from a change in market value of the investment or the total assets, or
the sale of a security out of the portfolio, will not constitute a violation of that restriction. With respect to the fundamental policy relating to borrowing money set forth in (2) above, the Investment Company Act permits the Funds to borrow
money in amounts of up to one-third of each Fund’s total assets from banks for any purpose, and to borrow up to 5% of each Fund’s total assets from banks or other lenders for temporary purposes. (The Funds’ total assets include the amounts
being borrowed.) To limit the risks attendant to borrowing, the Investment Company Act requires the Funds to maintain at all times an “asset coverage” of at least 300% of the amount of its borrowings. Asset coverage means the ratio that the
value of the Funds’ total assets (including amounts borrowed), minus liabilities other than borrowings, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings. Borrowing money to increase portfolio holdings is known as “leveraging.” Certain trading
practices and investments, such as reverse repurchase agreements, may be considered to be borrowings or involve leverage and thus are subject to the Investment Company Act restrictions. Short-term credits necessary for the settlement of
securities transactions and arrangements with respect to securities lending will not be considered to be borrowings under the policy. Practices and investments that may involve leverage but are not considered to be borrowings are not subject to
the policy.
Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by a fund evidencing indebtedness. The 1940 Act generally prohibits funds from issuing senior securities,
although it does not treat certain transactions as senior securities, such as certain borrowings, short sales, firm commitment agreements, and standby commitments.
For purposes of the Funds’ concentration policy, if the Funds invest in one or more investment companies, the Funds will examine the holdings of such investment companies
to ensure that the Funds are not indirectly concentrating their investments in a particular industry or group of industries. In determining the exposure of the Funds to a particular industry or group of industries for purposes of the
fundamental investment restriction on concentration, the Funds currently uses Standard & Poor’s Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) in order to classify industries other than the healthcare technology industry. With respect to
the fundamental investment restrictions above (other than those involving senior securities and borrowings), if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from any
change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such restriction (i.e., percentage limitations are determined at the time of purchase).
In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, the Funds are also subject to the non- fundamental policy not to invest in the securities of a company for
the purpose of exercising management or control, or purchase or otherwise acquire any illiquid security, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, which currently permits up to 15% of the Funds’ net assets to be invested in illiquid investments
(calculated at the time of investment).
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
The investment objective and principal investment strategies for the Funds are provided in the Prospectus. The Funds may not invest in all of the investments listed below.
Unless a strategy, instrument, or policy described below is specifically prohibited by the Funds’ investment restrictions or by applicable law, the Funds may, but will not necessarily, engage in each of the investment practices described below.
Except as stated elsewhere in the Prospectus or this SAI, to the extent the Funds have reserved the freedom to invest in a type of investment or to utilize a particular investment practice, the Funds may invest in such investment or engage in
such investment practice without limit.
A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the Prospectus under the headings “Principal Risks of Investing in the Funds,” and
“Principal Risks for the Funds.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Prospectus.
General Considerations and Risks. Investments in the Funds should be made with an understanding that the value of the portfolio of
securities held by the Funds may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of common stocks generally, and other factors.
Common Stock. Holders of common stocks incur more risk than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common
stockholders, as owners of the issuer, have generally inferior rights to receive payments from the issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by the issuer. Further, unlike
debt securities which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a liquidation preference, and which may
have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the common stock remains outstanding.
Loans of Portfolio Securities. The Funds may lend their investment securities to approved borrowers. Any gain or loss on the
market price of the securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the account of the Funds. These loans cannot exceed 33 1/3% of the Funds’ total assets.
Approved borrowers are brokers, dealers, domestic and foreign banks, or other financial institutions that meet credit or other requirements as established by the
securities lending agent, so long as the terms, the structure, and the aggregate amount of such loans are not inconsistent with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder or interpretations of the SEC, which require that (a) the
borrowers pledge and maintain with the Fund collateral consisting of cash, an irrevocable letter of credit issued by a bank, or securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government having a value at all times of not less than 102% of the
value of the securities loaned (on a “mark-to-market” basis), and maintained in an amount equal to at least 100% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent; (b) the loan be made subject to termination by the Funds at any time; and (c)
the Funds receive reasonable interest on the loan. From time to time, the Funds may return a part of the interest earned from the investment of collateral received from securities loaned to the borrower and/or a third-party securities lending
agent that is unaffiliated with the Funds.
Risks of Securities Lending. The Funds will not have the right to vote securities while they are on loan, but it will recall
securities on loan if the Advisor determines that the shareholder meeting is called for purposes of voting on material events that could have a material impact on the Funds’ loaned securities and for which the vote could be material to the
Funds. The Funds would receive income in lieu of dividends on loaned securities and may, at the same time, generate income on the loan collateral or on the investment of any cash collateral.
Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the borrower defaults on its obligation
to return the securities loaned because of insolvency or other reasons, the Funds could experience delays and costs in recovering securities loaned or gaining access to the collateral. If the Funds are not able to recover the securities loaned,
the Funds may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Funds if, and to the extent that, the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is
not increased accordingly. Securities lending also involves exposure to “operational risk” (the risk of loss resulting from errors in the settlement and accounting process) and “gap risk” (the risk that the return on cash collateral
reinvestments will be less than the fees paid to the borrower).
Any cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested in short-term liquid fixed income securities or in money market or short-term mutual funds, or
similar investment vehicles. The Funds bear the risk of such investments. Investing this cash subjects that investment to market appreciation or depreciation. For purposes of determining whether the Funds are complying with its investment
policies, strategies, and restrictions, the Funds or the Advisor will consider the loaned securities as assets of the Funds but will not consider any collateral received as the Fund asset. The Funds may have to pay the borrower a fee based on
the amount of cash collateral. The Funds may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.
Senior Securities. In general, the Funds may not issue any class of senior security, except within the limitations of the
1940 Act. These limitations allow the Funds to (i) borrow from banks, provided that immediately following any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% (the “Asset Coverage Requirement”) for all Fund borrowings, and (ii) engage
in trading practices which could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security, including but not limited to options, futures, forward contracts, and reverse repurchase agreements, provided that the Funds comply with the requirements
of the 1940 Act with respect to such securities.
Repurchase Agreements. The Funds may enter into repurchase agreements pursuant to which securities are acquired by the Funds
from a third party with the understanding that they will be repurchased by the seller at a fixed price on an agreed date. These agreements may be made with respect to any of the portfolio securities in which the Funds are authorized to invest.
Repurchase agreements may be characterized as loans secured by the underlying securities. The Funds may enter into repurchase agreements with (i) member banks of the Federal Reserve System having total assets in excess of $500 million and (ii)
securities dealers (“Qualified Institutions”). The Advisor will monitor the continued creditworthiness of Qualified Institutions.
The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the seller of securities under a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligation to repurchase the
underlying securities, as a result of its bankruptcy or otherwise, the Funds will seek to dispose of such securities, which action could involve costs or delays. If the seller becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under
applicable bankruptcy or other laws, the Funds’ ability to dispose of the underlying securities may be restricted. Finally, it is possible that the Funds may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying securities. To minimize
this risk, the securities underlying the repurchase agreement will be held by the custodian at all times in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price, including accrued interest. If the seller fails to repurchase the securities, the
Funds may suffer a loss to the extent proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities are less than the repurchase price.
The resale price reflects the purchase price plus an agreed upon market rate of interest. The collateral is marked-to-market daily.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Funds may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which involve the sale of securities
with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date, and interest payment and have the characteristics of borrowing. The securities purchased with the Funds obtained from the agreement and securities collateralizing the
agreement will have maturity dates no later than the repayment date. Generally, the effect of such transactions is that the Funds can recover all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities involved during the term of the reverse
repurchase agreement, while in many cases the Funds are able to keep some of the interest income associated with those securities. Such transactions are only advantageous if the Funds have an opportunity to earn a greater rate of return on the
cash derived from these transactions than the interest cost of obtaining the same amount of cash. Opportunities to realize earnings from the use of the proceeds equal to or greater than the interest required to be paid may not always be
available and the Funds intend to use the reverse repurchase technique only when the Advisor believes it will be advantageous to the Funds. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may exaggerate any interim increase or decrease in the value of
the Funds’ assets. The custodian bank will maintain a separate account for the Funds with securities having a value equal to or greater than such commitments. Under the 1940 Act, reverse repurchase agreements are considered loans.
Money Market Instruments. The Funds may invest a portion of its assets in high-quality money market instruments on an
ongoing basis to provide liquidity. The instruments in which the Funds may invest include: (i) short-term obligations issued by the U.S. Government; (ii) negotiable certificates of deposit (“CDs”), fixed time deposits and bankers’ acceptances
of U.S. and foreign banks and similar institutions; (iii) commercial paper rated at the date of purchase “Prime-1” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., or “A-1+” or “A-1” by Standard & Poor’s or, if unrated, of comparable quality as
determined by the Advisor; (iv) repurchase agreements; and (v) money market mutual funds. CDs are short-term negotiable obligations of commercial banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified
periods of time at stated interest rates. Bankers’ acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions.
Investment Companies. The Funds may invest in the securities of other investment companies (including money market funds).
Under the 1940 Act, the Funds’ investment in investment companies is limited to, subject to certain exceptions: (i) 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any one investment company, (ii) 5% of the Funds’ total assets with respect to any
one investment company, and (iii) 10% of the Funds’ total assets of investment companies in the aggregate.
Illiquid Securities. The Funds may invest in illiquid assets with up to 15%of each Fund’s assets, including Rule 144A
securities deemed illiquid by the Advisor. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or other restrictions on resale and other instruments that lack readily available markets.
Futures and Options. The Funds may utilize exchange-traded futures and options contracts.
Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity at a specified future time and at a specified
price. Stock index futures contracts are settled daily with a payment by one party to the other of a cash amount based on the difference between the level of the stock index specified in the contract from one day to the next. Futures contracts
are standardized as to maturity date and underlying instrument and are traded on futures exchanges.
Futures traders are required to make a good faith margin deposit in cash or U.S. government securities with a broker or custodian to initiate and maintain open positions
in futures contracts. A margin deposit is intended to assure completion of the contract (delivery or acceptance of the underlying commodity or payment of the cash settlement amount) if it is not terminated prior to the specified delivery date.
Brokers may establish deposit requirements which are higher than the exchange minimums. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margin deposits which may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
After a futures contract position is opened, the value of the contract is marked-to-market daily. If the futures contract price changes to the extent that the margin on
deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, payment of additional “variation” margin will be required. Conversely, a change in the contract value may reduce the required margin, resulting in a repayment of excess margin to the contract
holder. Variation margin payments are made to and from the futures broker for as long as the contract remains open. In such case, the Funds would expect to earn interest income on its margin deposits. Closing out an open futures position is
done by taking an opposite position (“buying” a contract which has previously been “sold,” or “selling” a contract previously “purchased”) in an identical contract to terminate the position. Brokerage commissions are incurred when a futures
contract position is opened or closed.
An option on a futures contract, as contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a
position in the underlying futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the
option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account that represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case
of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The potential for loss related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for the option plus transaction costs. Because the value of the
option is fixed at the point of purchase, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the option changes daily and that change would be reflected in the NAV
of the Funds. The potential for loss related to writing call options on equity securities or indices is unlimited. The potential for loss related to writing put options is limited only by the aggregate strike price of the put option less the
premium received.
The Funds may purchase and write put and call options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange as a hedge against changes in value of its portfolio
securities, or in anticipation of the purchase of securities, and may enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. There is no guarantee that such closing transactions can be affected.
Restrictions on the Use of Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. With respect to investments in swap
transactions, commodity futures, commodity options, or certain other derivatives used for purposes other than bona fide hedging purposes, an investment company must meet one of the following tests under the amended regulations in order to claim
an exemption from being considered a “commodity pool” or commodity pool operator (“CPO”). First, the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish an investment company’s positions in such investments may not exceed five percent
(5%) of the liquidation value of the investment company’s portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such investments). Alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of such instruments, determined at the
time of the most recent position established, may not exceed one hundred percent (100%) of the liquidation value of the investment company’s portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). In
addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, the investment company may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity options or swaps and derivatives markets.
If the Advisor were required to register as a CPO with respect to the Funds, the disclosure and operations of the Funds would need to comply with all applicable Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) regulations. Compliance with these
additional registration and regulatory requirements would increase operational expenses. Other potentially adverse regulatory initiatives could also develop.
Swap Agreements. Swap agreements are contracts between parties in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the
other party (the “Counterparty”) based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index or asset. In return, the Counterparty agrees to make periodic payments to the first party based on the return of a different specified
rate, index, or asset. Swap agreements will usually be done on a net basis, the Funds receiving or paying only the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds’ obligations over its entitlements with
respect to each swap is accrued daily and an amount of cash or highly liquid securities having an aggregate value at least equal to the accrued excess is maintained in an account at the Trust’s custodian bank.
The use of interest rate and index swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary
portfolio security transactions. These transactions generally do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal.
The use of swap agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the Counterparty under a swap agreement defaults on its obligation to make payments due from it, because
of its bankruptcy or otherwise, the Funds may lose such payments altogether, or collect only a portion thereof, which collection could involve costs or delays.
Risks of Derivatives. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an
underlying asset, reference rate, or index, and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates, commodities, and related indexes. The various derivative instruments that the Funds may use are described in
more detail under “Futures and Options” and “Swap Agreements” in this SAI. The Funds may, but is not required to, use derivative instruments for risk management purposes or as part of its investment strategies.
The Funds’ use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other
traditional investments. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks including liquidity risk, market risk, credit risk, default risk, counterparty risk, and management risk. They also involve the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and
the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate exactly with the change in the value of the underlying asset, rate or index. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can
be no assurance that the Funds will engage in these transactions to reduce exposure to other risks when that would be beneficial.
Participation in the options or futures markets, as well as the use of various swap instruments and forward contracts, involves investment risks and transaction costs to
which the Funds would not be subject absent the use of these strategies. Risks inherent in the use of options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forwards and swaps include: (i) imperfect correlation between the price of options
and futures contracts and options thereon and movements in the prices of the securities being hedged; (ii) the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are different from those needed to select non-derivative portfolio securities; (iii)
the potential absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at any time; (iv) the possible need to defer closing out certain positions to avoid adverse tax consequences; (v) for swaps, additional credit risk and the risk of
counterparty default and the risk of failing to correctly evaluate the creditworthiness of the company on which the swap is based; and (vi) the possible inability of the Funds to purchase or sell a portfolio security at a time that otherwise
would be favorable for it to do so, or the possible need for the Funds to sell the security at a disadvantageous time, due to the requirement that the Funds maintain “cover” or collateral securities in connection with the use of certain
derivatives.
The Funds could lose the entire amount it invests in futures. The loss from investing in other derivatives is potentially unlimited. There also is no assurance that a
liquid secondary market will exist for futures contracts and options in which the Funds may invest. The Funds limit their investments in futures contracts so that the notional value (meaning the stated contract value) of the futures contracts
does not exceed the net assets of the Funds.
Furthermore, regulatory requirements for the Funds to set aside assets to meet its obligations with respect to derivatives may result in the Funds being unable to purchase
or sell securities when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or in the Funds needing to sell securities at a disadvantageous time. The Funds may also be unable to close out its derivatives positions when desired. Investments in derivatives
can cause the Funds to be more volatile and can result in significant losses.
Because the markets for certain derivative instruments (including markets located in foreign countries) are relatively new and still developing, suitable derivatives
transactions may not be available in all circumstances. Upon the expiration of a particular contract, the Advisor may wish to retain the Funds’ position in the derivative instrument by entering into a similar contract but may be unable to do so
if the counterparty to the original contract is unwilling to enter into the new contract and no other suitable counterparty can be found. There is no assurance that the Funds will engage in derivatives transactions at any time or from time to
time. The Funds’ ability to use derivatives may also be limited by certain regulatory and tax considerations.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and related regulatory developments require the clearing and exchange-trading of
certain standardized over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative instruments that the CFTC and SEC defined as “swaps” and “security-based swaps,” respectively. Mandatory exchange-trading and clearing is occurring on a phased-in basis based on the type
of market participant and CFTC approval of contracts for central clearing and exchange trading. In a cleared swap, the Funds’ ultimate counterparty is a central clearinghouse rather than a swap dealer, bank, or other financial institution. The
Funds enter into cleared swaps through an executing broker. Such transactions are then submitted for clearing and, if cleared, will be held at regulated futures commission merchants (“FCMs”) that are members of the clearinghouse that serves as
the central counterparty. When the Funds enter into a cleared swap, it must deliver to the central counterparty (via an FCM) an amount referred to as “initial margin.” Initial margin requirements are determined by the central counterparty, but
an FCM may require additional initial margin above the amount required by the central counterparty. During the term of the swap agreement, a “variation margin” amount may also be required to be paid by the Funds or may be received by the Funds
in accordance with margin controls set for such accounts, depending upon changes in the price of the underlying reference asset subject to the swap agreement. At the conclusion of the term of the swap agreement, if the Funds have a loss equal
to or greater than the margin amount, the margin amount is paid to the FCM along with any loss in excess of the margin amount. If the Funds have a loss of less than the margin amount, the excess margin is returned to the Funds. If the Funds
have a gain, the full margin amount and the amount of the gain is paid to the Funds.
Central clearing is designed to reduce counterparty credit risk compared to uncleared swaps because central clearing interposes the central clearinghouse as the
counterparty to each participant’s swap, but it does not eliminate those risks completely. There is also a risk of loss by the Funds of the initial and variation margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of the FCM with which the Funds have an
open position in a swap contract. The assets of the Funds may not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of the FCM or central counterparty because the Funds might be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds
and margin segregated on behalf of an FCM’s customers or central counterparty’s clearing members. If the FCM does not provide accurate reporting, the Funds are also subject to the risk that the FCM could use the Funds’ assets, which are held in
an omnibus account with assets belonging to the FCM’s other customers, to satisfy its own financial obligations or the payment obligations of another customer to the central counterparty. Certain swaps have begun trading on exchanges called
swap execution facilities. Exchange-trading is expected to increase liquidity of swaps trading.
In addition, with respect to cleared swaps, the Funds may not be able to obtain as favorable terms as it would be able to negotiate for an uncleared swap. In addition, an
FCM may unilaterally impose position limits or additional margin requirements for certain types of swaps in which the Funds may invest. Central counterparties and FCMs generally can require termination of existing cleared swap transactions at
any time and can also require increases in margin above the margin that is required at the initiation of the swap agreement. Margin requirements for cleared swaps vary on a number of factors, and the margin required under the rules of the
clearinghouse and FCM may be in excess of the collateral required to be posted by the Funds to support their obligations under a similar uncleared swap. However, regulators are expected to adopt rules imposing certain margin requirements,
including minimums, on uncleared swaps in the near future, which could change this comparison.
The Funds are also subject to the risk that, after entering into a cleared swap with an executing broker, no FCM or central counterparty is willing or able to clear the
transaction. In such an event, the central counterparty would void the trade. Before the Funds can enter into a new trade, market conditions may become less favorable to the Funds.
Government Regulation of Derivatives. It is possible that government regulation of various types of derivative instruments,
including futures and swap agreements, may limit or prevent the Funds from using such instruments as a part of its investment strategy, and could ultimately prevent the Funds from being able to achieve its investment objective. It is impossible
to predict fully the effects of legislation and regulation in this area, but the effects could be substantial and adverse.
The futures markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations, and margin requirements. The SEC, the CFTC, and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary
actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the implementation or reduction of speculative position limits, the implementation of higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily price limits and the suspension of
trading.
The regulation of swaps and futures transactions in the U.S., the European Union, and other jurisdictions is a
rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. There is a possibility of future regulatory changes altering, perhaps to a material extent, the nature of an investment in the Funds or the ability
of the Funds to continue to implement their investment strategies.
Under recently adopted rules and regulations, transactions in some types of swaps (including interest rate swaps and credit default swaps on North American and European
indices) are required to be centrally cleared, and additional types of swaps may be required to be centrally cleared in the future. In a transaction involving those swaps (“cleared derivatives”), the Funds’ counterparty is a clearing house,
rather than a bank or broker. Since the Funds are not a member of any clearing houses and only clearing members can participate directly in the clearing house, the Funds will hold cleared derivatives through accounts at clearing members. In
cleared derivatives transactions, the Funds will make payments (including margin payments) to and receive payments from a clearing house through its accounts at clearing members. Clearing members guarantee performance of their clients’
obligations to the clearing house.
In addition, U.S. regulators, the European Union, and certain other jurisdictions have adopted minimum margin and capital requirements for uncleared OTC derivatives
transactions. It is expected that these regulations will have a material impact on the Funds’ use of uncleared derivatives. These rules will impose minimum margin requirements on derivatives transactions between the Funds and their swap
counterparties and may increase the amount of margin the Funds are required to provide. They will impose regulatory requirements on the timing of transferring margin, which may accelerate the Funds’ current margin process. They will also
effectively require changes to typical derivatives margin documentation. It is expected that the Funds will become subject to variation margin requirements under such rules in 2017 and initial margin requirements under such rules in 2020. Such
requirements could increase the amount of margin the Funds need to provide in connection with uncleared derivatives transactions and, therefore, make such transactions more expensive.
Funds investing in derivatives must comply with Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, which provides for the regulation of a registered investment company’s use of derivatives
and certain related instruments. Among other things, Rule 18f-4 limits a fund’s derivatives exposure through a value-at-risk test and requires the adoption and implementation of a derivatives risk management program for certain derivatives
users. Subject to certain conditions, limited derivatives users (as defined in Rule 18f-4), however, would not be subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. Rule 18f-4 could restrict the Funds’ abilities to engage in certain derivatives
transactions and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions.
Risks of Futures and Options Transactions. Positions in futures contracts and options may be closed out only on an exchange
which provides a secondary market therefore. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract or option at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close a futures or
options position. In the event of adverse price movements, the Funds would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Funds have insufficient cash, it may have to sell
portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Funds may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying futures contracts they have sold.
The Funds will minimize the risk that it will be unable to close out a futures or options contract by only entering into futures and options for which there appears to be
a liquid secondary market.
The risk of loss in trading futures contracts or uncovered call options in some strategies (e.g., selling uncovered index futures contracts) is potentially unlimited. The
Funds do not plan to use futures and options contracts, when available, in this manner. The risk of a futures position may still be large, as traditionally measured, due to the low margin deposits required. In many cases, a relatively small
price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. The Funds, however, intend to utilize futures and options contracts in a manner
designed to limit its risk exposure to that which is comparable to what it would have incurred through direct investment in securities. Utilization of futures transactions by the Funds involve the risk of imperfect or even negative correlation
to its Underlying Index if the index underlying the futures contracts differs from the Underlying Index. There is also the risk of loss by the Funds of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Funds have an open
position in the futures contract or option.
Certain financial futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the
maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trade may be
made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions.
Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial
losses.
Risks of Swap Agreements. Bilateral swap agreements are subject to the risk that the swap counterparty will default on its
obligations. If such a default occurs, the Funs’ will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction, but such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws which could affect the Funds’ rights as a
creditor. Some interest rate and credit default swaps are currently subject to central clearing and exchange trading. Although exchange-trading and clearing decreases the counterparty risk involved in bilaterally negotiated contracts and
increased market liquidity, exchange-trading and clearing will not make the contracts risk-free.
The use of interest-rate and index swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary
portfolio security transactions. The use of a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, reference rate, or index but also of the swap itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all possible
market conditions. These transactions generally do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal.
It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds’ ability to terminate existing swap agreements or
to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Where swap agreements are two party contracts that may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and because they may have terms of greater
than seven days, they may be considered to be illiquid and subject to the Funds’ limitation on investments in illiquid securities. To the extent that a swap is not liquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position
at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses. Like most other investments, swap agreements are subject to the risk that the market value of the instrument will change in a way detrimental to the Funds’ interest.
If the Funds use a swap as a hedge against, or as a substitute for, a portfolio investment, the Funds will be exposed to the risk that the swap will have or will develop
imperfect or no correlation with the portfolio investment. This could cause substantial losses for the Funds. While hedging strategies involving swap instruments can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even
result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other fund investments. Many swaps are complex and often valued subjectively.
Cybersecurity Risk. In connection with the increased use of technologies such as the Internet and the dependence on computer
systems to perform necessary business functions, the Funds are susceptible to operational, information security, and related risks due to the possibility of cyber-attacks or other incidents. Cyber incidents may result from deliberate attacks or
unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, infection by computer viruses or other malicious software code, gaining unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices that are used to service the Funds’ operations
through hacking or other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized
access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks (which can make a website unavailable) on the Funds’ website. In addition, authorized persons could inadvertently or intentionally release confidential or proprietary information stored on the
Funds’ systems.
Cyber-attacks have the potential to interfere with the processing of authorized participant transactions and shareholder transactions on the Exchange. Furthermore,
cybersecurity failures or breaches by the Funds’ third-party service providers (including, but not limited to, the adviser, distributor, custodian, transfer agent, and financial intermediaries), may cause disruptions and impact the service
providers’ and the Funds’ business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, the inability of fund shareholders to transact business and the Funds to process transactions, inability to calculate each Fund's NAV, violations of
applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. The Funds and their shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of
successful cyber-attacks against, or security breakdowns of, the Funds or their third-party service providers.
The Funds may incur substantial costs to prevent or address cyber incidents in the future. In addition, there is a possibility that certain risks have not been adequately
identified or prepared for. Furthermore, the Funds cannot directly control any cybersecurity plans and systems put in place by third party service providers. Cybersecurity risks are also present for issuers of securities in which the Funds
invest, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Funds’ investment in such securities to lose value.
Debt Obligations. The Funds may invest in debt obligations traded in U.S. or foreign markets. Such debt obligations include,
among others, bonds, notes, debentures, and variable rate demand notes. In choosing corporate debt securities on behalf of the Funds, the Advisor may consider (i) general economic and financial conditions; and (ii) the specific issuer’s (a)
business and management, (b) cash flow, (c) earnings coverage of interest and dividends, (d) ability to operate under adverse economic conditions, (e) fair market value of assets, and (f) other considerations deemed appropriate.
The Funds may invest in debt securities that are rated below investment grade (i.e., “junk bonds”) by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) or
are unrated securities that the Advisor believes are of comparable quality. Junk bonds are considered speculative with respect to their capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. While generally
providing greater income and opportunity for gain, non-investment grade debt securities are subject to greater risks than higher-rated securities.
Companies that issue junk bonds are often highly leveraged and may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them. During an economic downturn or
recession, highly leveraged issuers of high-yield securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their interest payment obligations. Economic downturns tend to disrupt the market for junk bonds, lowering
their values and increasing their price volatility. The risk of issuer default is higher with respect to junk bonds because such issues may be subordinated to other creditors of the issuer.
The credit rating from an NRSRO of a junk bond does not necessarily address its market value risk, and ratings may from time to time change to reflect developments
regarding the issuer’s financial condition. The lower the rating of a junk bond, the more speculative its characteristics.
The Funds may have difficulty selling certain junk bonds because they may have a thin trading market. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse effect on
the market price and the Funds’ ability to dispose of particular issues and may also make it more difficult for the Funds to obtain accurate market quotations in valuing these assets. In the event the Funds experience an unexpected level of net
redemptions, the Funds could be forced to sell their junk bonds at an unfavorable price. Prices of junk bonds have been found to be less sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates and more sensitive to adverse economic changes and individual
corporate developments than those of higher-rated debt securities.
U.S. Government Obligations. The Funds may invest in U.S. government obligations. Obligations issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. Government, its agencies, and instrumentalities include bills, notes, and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, as well as “stripped” or “zero coupon” U.S. Treasury obligations representing future interest or principal payments on U.S.
Treasury notes or bonds. Stripped securities are sold at a discount to their “face value,” and may exhibit greater price volatility than interest-bearing securities because investors receive no payment until maturity. Obligations of certain
agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal National Mortgage
Association (“FNMA”), are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the former Student Loan Marketing Association, are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to
purchase the agency’s obligations; still others, although issued by an instrumentality chartered by the U.S. Government, like the Federal Farm Credit Bureau, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. The U.S. Government may
choose not to provide financial support to U.S. Government- sponsored agencies or instrumentalities if it is not legally obligated to do so, in which case, if the issuer were to default, the Funds holding securities of such issuer might not be
able to recover their investment from the U.S. Government.
Convertible Securities. The Funds may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities include bonds, debentures,
notes, preferred stocks, and other securities that may be converted into a prescribed amount of common stock or other equity securities at a specified price and time. The holder of convertible securities is entitled to receive interest paid or
accrued on debt, or dividends paid or accrued on preferred stock, until the security matures or is converted. The value of a convertible security depends on interest rates, the yield of similar nonconvertible securities, the financial strength
of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer’s capital structure. Convertible securities may be illiquid and may be required to convert at a time and at a price that is unfavorable to the Funds. To the extent that the Funds
invest in convertible securities with credit ratings below investment grade, such securities may have a higher likelihood of default, although this may be somewhat offset by the convertibility feature.
Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities. The Funds may invest in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities.
Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) are mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies, and instrumentalities, or issued by nongovernment entities. Mortgage-related securities represent pools of mortgage
loans assembled for sale to investors by various government agencies such as GNMA and government-related organizations such as FNMA and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), as well as by nongovernment issuers such as commercial
banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, and private mortgage insurance companies. Although certain mortgage-related securities are guaranteed by a third party or otherwise similarly secured, the market value of the security,
which may fluctuate, is not so secured.
There are a number of important differences among the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government that issue mortgage-related securities and among the securities
they issue. Mortgage-related securities issued by GNMA include GNMA Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates (also known as “Ginnie Maes”), which are guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest. That guarantee is backed by the full
faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. GNMA is a corporation wholly owned by the U.S. Government within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Mortgage-related securities issued by FNMA include FNMA Guaranteed Mortgage Pass-Through
Certificates (also known as “Fannie Maes”) and are guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by FNMA itself and backed by a line of credit with the U.S. Treasury. FNMA is a government-sponsored entity wholly owned by public
stockholders. Mortgage-related securities issued by FHLMC include FHLMC Mortgage Participation Certificates (also known as “Freddie Macs”) guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by FHLMC itself and backed by a line of credit with
the U.S. Treasury. FHLMC is a government-sponsored entity wholly owned by public stockholders.
The actions of the U.S. Treasury are intended to ensure that FNMA and FHLMC maintain a positive net worth and meet their financial obligations preventing mandatory
triggering of receivership. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful.
In the basic mortgage pass-through structure, mortgages with similar issuer, term, and coupon characteristics are collected and aggregated into a “pool” consisting of
multiple mortgage loans. The pool is assigned a CUSIP number and undivided interests in the pool are traded and sold as pass-through securities. The holder of the security is entitled to a pro rata share of principal and interest payments
(including unscheduled prepayments) from the pool of mortgage loans.
An investment in a specific pool of pass-through securities requires an analysis of the specific prepayment risk of mortgages within the covered pool (since mortgagors
typically have the option to prepay their loans). The level of prepayments on a pool of mortgage securities is difficult to predict and can impact the subsequent cash flows and value of the mortgage pool. In addition, when trading specific
mortgage pools, precise execution, delivery and settlement arrangements must be negotiated for each transaction.
For the foregoing and other reasons, the Funds may seek to obtain exposure to U.S. agency mortgage pass- through securities primarily through the use of “to-be-announced”
or “TBA transactions.” “TBA” refers to a commonly used mechanism for the forward settlement of U.S. agency mortgage pass-through securities, and not to a separate type of MBS. Most
transactions in mortgage pass-through securities occur through the use of TBA transactions. TBA transactions generally are conducted in accordance with widely-accepted guidelines which establish commonly observed terms and conditions for
execution, settlement and delivery. In a TBA transaction, the buyer and seller decide on general trade parameters, such as agency, settlement date, par amount, and price. The actual pools delivered generally are determined two days prior to
settlement date.
Default by or bankruptcy of a counterparty to a TBA transaction would expose the Funds to possible loss because of adverse market action, expenses or delays in connection
with the purchase or sale of the pools of mortgage pass-through securities specified in the TBA transaction. To minimize this risk, the Funds will enter into TBA transactions only with established counterparties (such as major broker-dealers)
and the Advisor will monitor the creditworthiness of such counterparties. In addition, the Funds may accept assignments of TBA transactions from Authorized Participants (as defined below) from time to time. The Funds’ use of “TBA rolls” may
cause the Funds to experience higher portfolio turnover, higher transaction costs, and to pay higher capital gain distributions to shareholders (which may be taxable) than other funds.
The Funds intend to invest cash pending settlement of any TBA transactions in money market instruments, repurchase agreements, commercial paper (including asset-backed
commercial paper), or other high-quality, liquid short-term instruments, which may include money market funds affiliated with the Advisor.
Other asset-backed securities are structured like MBS, but instead of mortgage loans or interests in mortgage loans, the underlying assets may include items such as motor
vehicle installment sales or installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property, and receivables from credit card agreements and from sales of personal property. Asset-backed securities typically have no U.S.
Government backing. Additionally, the ability of an issuer of asset-backed securities to enforce its security interest in the underlying assets may be limited.
If the Funds purchase a MBS or other asset-backed security at a premium, that portion may be lost if there is a
decline in the market value of the security whether resulting from changes in interest rates or prepayments in the underlying collateral. As with other interest-bearing securities, the prices of such securities are inversely affected by changes
in interest rates. Although the value of a MBS or other asset- backed security may decline when interest rates rise, the converse is not necessarily true, since in periods of declining
interest rates the mortgages and loans underlying the securities are prone to prepayment, thereby shortening the average life of the security and shortening the period of time over which income at the higher rate is received. When interest
rates are rising, the rate of prepayment tends to decrease, thereby lengthening the period of time over which income at the lower rate is received. For these and other reasons, a mortgage- backed or other asset-backed security’s average
maturity may be shortened or lengthened as a result of interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, it is not possible to predict accurately the security's return.
Risks of Mortgage-Related Securities. Investment in MBS poses several risks, including prepayment, market, and credit risk.
Prepayment risk reflects the risk that borrowers may prepay their mortgages faster than expected, thereby affecting the investment's average life and perhaps its yield. Whether or not a mortgage loan is prepaid is almost entirely controlled by
the borrower. Borrowers are most likely to exercise prepayment options at the time when it is least advantageous to investors, generally prepaying mortgages as interest rates fall, and slowing payments as interest rates rise. Besides the effect of prevailing interest rates, the rate of prepayment and refinancing of mortgages may also be affected by home value appreciation, ease of the refinancing process, and local
economic conditions.
Market risk reflects the risk that the price of the security may fluctuate over time. The price of MBS may be particularly sensitive to prevailing interest rates, the
length of time the security is expected to be outstanding and the liquidity of the issuer. In a period of unstable interest rates, or under a variety of other circumstances, there may be decreased demand for certain types of MBS, and the Funds
invested in such securities wishing to sell them may find it difficult to find a buyer, which may in turn decrease the price at which they may be sold.
Credit risk reflects the risk that the Funds may not receive all or part of its principal because the issuer or credit enhancer has defaulted on its obligations.
Obligations issued by U.S. Government-related entities are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government except to the extent previously described. The performance
of private label MBS, issued by private institutions, is based on the financial health of those institutions. With respect to GNMA certificates, although GNMA guarantees timely payment even if homeowners delay or default, tracking the
“pass-through” payments may, at times, be difficult.
Municipal Securities. The Funds may invest in securities issued by states, municipalities, and other political subdivisions,
agencies, authorities and instrumentalities of states and multi-state agencies or authorities. Municipal securities share the attributes of debt/fixed income securities in general, but are generally issued by states, municipalities, and other
political subdivisions, agencies, authorities, and instrumentalities of states and multi-state agencies or authorities. The municipal securities which the Funds may purchase include general obligation bonds and limited obligation bonds (or
revenue bonds), including industrial development bonds issued pursuant to former federal tax law. General obligation bonds are obligations involving the credit of an issuer possessing taxing power and are payable from such issuer’s general
revenues and not from any particular source. Limited obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific
revenue source. Tax- exempt industrial development bonds generally are also revenue bonds and thus are not payable from the issuer’s general revenues. The credit and quality of industrial development bonds are usually related to the credit of
the corporate user of the facilities. Payment of interest on and repayment of principal of such bonds is the responsibility of the corporate user (and/or any guarantor). In addition, the Funds may invest in lease obligations. Lease obligations
may take the form of a lease, or an installment purchase contract issued by public authorities to acquire a wide variety of equipment and facilities.
Bank Instruments. The Funds may invest in certificates of deposit (“CDs”), time deposits and bankers’ acceptances from U.S.
banks. A bankers’ acceptance is a bill of exchange or time draft drawn on and accepted by a commercial bank. A CD is a negotiable interest-bearing instrument with a specific maturity. CDs are issued by banks and savings and loan institutions in
exchange for the deposit of funds and normally can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. A time deposit is a nonnegotiable receipt issued by a bank in exchange for the deposit of funds. Like a CD, it earns a specified rate of
interest over a definite period of time; however, it cannot be traded in the secondary market.
Participation Interests. The Funds may purchase participations in corporate loans. Participation interests generally will be
acquired from a commercial bank or other financial institution (a “Lender”) or from other holders of a participation interest (a “Participant”). The purchase of a participation interest either from a Lender or a Participant will not result in
any direct contractual relationship with the borrowing company (the “Borrower”). The Funds generally will have no right directly to enforce compliance by the Borrower with the terms of the credit agreement. Instead, the Funds will be required
to rely on the Lender or the Participant that sold the participation interest, both for the enforcement of the Funds’ rights against the Borrower and for the receipt and processing of payments due to the Funds under the loans. Under the terms
of a participation interest, the Funds may be regarded as a member of the Participant, and thus the Funds are subject to the credit risk of both the Borrower and a Participant. Participation interests are generally subject to restrictions on
resale. Generally, the Funds consider participation interests to be illiquid and therefore subject to the Funds’ percentage limitations for investments in illiquid securities.
Commercial Instruments. The Funds may invest in commercial interests, including commercial paper and other short-term
corporate instruments. Commercial paper consists of short-term promissory notes issued by corporations. Commercial paper may be traded in the secondary market after its issuance.
Variable, Floating, or Fixed-to-Floating Rate Instruments. The Funds may invest in securities that have variable or floating
interest rates which are readjusted on set dates (such as the last day of the month or calendar quarter) in the case of variable rates or whenever a specified interest rate change occurs in the case of a floating rate instrument. The Funds may
also invest in securities that have a fixed-to-floating instruments where there is a fixed dividend rate for an initial term that converts to a floating dividend rate upon the expiration of the initial term. Variable, floating or
fixed-to-floating interest rates generally reduce changes in the market price of securities from their original purchase price because, upon readjustment, such rates approximate market rates. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase,
the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less for variable, floating, or fixed-to-floating rate securities than for fixed rate obligations. Many securities with variable or floating interest rates purchased by the Funds are
subject to payment of principal and accrued interest (usually within seven days) on the Funds’ demand. The terms of such demand instruments require payment of principal and accrued interest by the issuer, a guarantor, and/or a liquidity
provider. The Advisor will monitor the pricing, quality and liquidity of the variable or floating rate securities held by the Funds.
Zero-Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities. The Funds may invest in zero-coupon or pay-in-kind securities. These securities are
debt securities that do not make regular cash interest payments. Zero-coupon securities are sold at a deep discount to their face value. Pay-in-kind securities pay interest through the issuance of additional securities. Because zero-coupon and
pay-in-kind securities do not pay current cash income, the price of these securities can be volatile when interest rates fluctuate. While these securities do not pay current cash income, federal tax law requires the holders of zero-coupon and
pay-in-kind securities to include in income each year the portion of the original issue discount (or deemed discount) and other non-cash income on such securities accrued during that year. In order to qualify as a “regulated investment company”
under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and to avoid certain excise taxes, the Funds may be required to distribute a portion of such discount and income and may be required to dispose of other portfolio securities,
which could occur during periods of adverse market prices, in order to generate sufficient cash to meet these distribution requirements.
Delayed Delivery Transactions. The Funds may use delayed delivery transactions as an investment technique. Delayed delivery
transactions, also referred to as forward commitments, involve commitments by the Funds to dealers or issuers to acquire or sell securities at a specified future date beyond the customary settlement for such securities. These commitments may
fix the payment price and interest rate to be received or paid on the investment. The Funds may purchase securities on a delayed delivery basis to the extent that it can anticipate having available cash on the settlement date. Delayed delivery
agreements will not be used as a speculative or leverage technique.
Investment in securities on a delayed delivery basis may increase the Funds’ exposure to market fluctuations and may increase the possibility that the Funds will incur
short-term gains subject to federal taxation or short- term losses if the Funds must engage in portfolio transactions in order to honor a delayed delivery commitment. Until the settlement date, the Funds will segregate liquid assets of a dollar
value sufficient at all times to make payment for the delayed delivery transactions. Such segregated liquid assets will be marked-to-market daily, and the amount segregated will be increased if necessary to maintain adequate coverage of the
delayed delivery commitments.
The delayed delivery securities, which will not begin to accrue interest or dividends until the settlement date, will be recorded as an asset of the Funds and will be
subject to the risk of market fluctuation. The purchase price of the delayed delivery securities is a liability of the Funds until settlement. The Funds may enter into buy/sell back transactions (a form of delayed delivery agreement). In a
buy/sell back transaction, the Funds enter a trade to sell securities at one price and simultaneously enters a trade to buy the same securities at another price for settlement at a future date.
When-Issued Securities. The Funds may purchase when-issued securities. Purchasing securities on a “when issued” basis means
that the date for delivery of and payment for the securities is not fixed at the date of purchase but is set after the securities are issued. The payment obligation and, if applicable, the interest rate that will be received on the securities
are fixed at the time the buyer enters into the commitment. The Funds will only make commitments to purchase such securities with the intention of actually acquiring such securities, but the Funds may sell these securities before the settlement
date if it is deemed advisable.
Securities purchased on a when-issued basis and the securities held in the Funds’ portfolio are subject to changes in market value based upon the public’s perception of
the creditworthiness of the issuer and, if applicable, the changes in the level of interest rates. Therefore, if the Funds are to remain substantially fully invested at the same time that it has purchased securities on a when-issued basis,
there will be a possibility that the market value of the Funds’ assets will fluctuate to a greater degree. Furthermore, when the time comes for the Funds to meet their obligations under when-issued commitments, the Funds will do so by using
then available cash flow or by sale of securities, or although it would not normally expect to do so, by directing the sale of when-issued securities themselves (which may have a market value greater or less than the Funds’ payment obligation).
Investment in securities on a when-issued basis may increase the Funds’ exposure to market fluctuation and may increase the possibility that the Funds will incur
short-term gains subject to federal taxation or short-term losses if the Funds must sell another security in order to honor a when-issued commitment. The Funds will employ techniques designed to reduce such risks.
Rule 144A Securities. The Funds may invest in Rule 144A securities. Rule 144A securities are securities which, while
privately placed, are eligible for purchase and resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. This rule permits certain qualified institutional buyers, such as the Funds, to trade in privately placed securities even though such
securities are not registered under the Securities Act. The Advisor, under supervision of the Board, will consider whether securities purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid and thus subject to the Funds’ restriction on illiquid securities.
Determination of whether a Rule 144A security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Advisor will consider the trading markets for the specific security taking into account the unregistered nature of a Rule
144A security. In addition, the Advisor could consider the (i) frequency of trades and quotes; (ii) number of dealers and potential purchasers; (iii) dealer undertakings to make a market; and (iv) nature of the security and of market place
trades (for example, the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). The Advisor will also monitor the liquidity of Rule 144A securities, and if, as a result of changed conditions, the
Advisor determines that a Rule 144A security is no longer liquid, the Advisor will review the Funds’ holdings of illiquid securities to determine what, if any, action is required to assure that the Funds comply with their restrictions on
investment of illiquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities could increase the amount of the Funds’ investments in illiquid securities if qualified institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS
A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the Prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction
with, the Prospectus.
GENERAL
Investment in the Funds should be made with an understanding that the value of the Funds’ portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial
condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of securities generally and other factors.
An investment in the Funds should also be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in securities, including the risk that the financial condition
of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the securities markets may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities and thus in the value of Shares). Securities are susceptible
to general market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors including expectations
regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, and banking crises.
EQUITY SECURITIES
The value of equity securities fluctuates in response to general market and economic conditions (market risk) and in response to the fortunes of individual companies
(company risk). Therefore, the value of an investment in the Fund that holds equity securities may decrease. The market as a whole can decline for many reasons, including adverse political or economic developments here or abroad, changes in
investor psychology, or heavy institutional selling. Also, certain unanticipated events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, and other geopolitical events, can have a dramatic adverse effect on stock markets. Changes in the
financial condition of a company or other issuer, changes in specific market, economic, political, and regulatory conditions that affect a particular type of investment or issuer, and changes in general market, economic, political, and
regulatory conditions can adversely affect the price of equity securities. These developments and changes can affect a single issuer, issuers within a broad market sector, industry or geographic region, or the market in general.
NON-U.S. AND EMERGING MARKETS SECURITIES
The Funds’ return and NAV may be significantly affected by political or economic conditions and regulatory requirements in a particular country. Non-U.S. markets,
economies and political systems may be less stable than U.S. markets, and changes in exchange rates of foreign currencies can affect the value of the Funds’ foreign assets. Non-U.S. laws and accounting standards typically are not as
comprehensive as they are in the U.S. and there may be less public information available about foreign companies. Non-U.S. securities markets may be less liquid and have fewer transactions than U.S. securities markets. Additionally,
international markets may experience delays and disruptions in securities settlement procedures for the Funds’ portfolio securities. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by potential difficulties in enforcing contractual
obligations and could be subject to extended settlement periods or restrictions affecting the prompt return of capital to the U.S.
Non-U.S. debt securities can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions in foreign countries. Less information may be available
about foreign companies than about domestic companies, and foreign companies generally may not be subject to the same uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, or to other regulatory practices and requirements comparable
to those applicable to domestic companies.
Investing in emerging market debt securities can pose some risks different from, and greater than, risks of investing in U.S. or developed markets equity
securities. These risks include: a risk of loss due to political instability; exposure to economic structures that are generally less diverse and mature, and to political systems which may have less stability than those of more developed
countries; smaller market capitalization of securities markets, which may suffer periods of relative illiquidity; significant price volatility; restrictions on foreign investment; and possible repatriation of investment income and capital. In
addition, foreign investors may be required to register the proceeds of sales; future economic or political crises could lead to price controls, forced mergers, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, seizure, nationalization, or creation of
government monopolies. The currencies of emerging market countries may experience significant declines against the U.S. dollar, and devaluation may occur subsequent to investments in these currencies by the Funds. Emerging market securities may
be subject to currency transfer restrictions and may experience delays and disruptions in securities settlement procedures for the Funds’ portfolio securities. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to
have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.
TAX RISKS
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares of the Funds will be taxed. The tax information in the Prospectus and this Statement is provided
as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares of the Funds.
CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The method by which Creation Units are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the
Funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in
their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its
client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation
of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and
circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as
an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of
shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms
that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to shares of the Funds are reminded that under Securities Act Rule 153, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in
connection with a sale on the Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Funds’ prospectus is available at the Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an
exchange.
MANAGEMENT
Trustees and Officers. The Board has responsibility for the overall management and operations of the Funds, including general
supervision of the duties performed by the Advisor and other service providers. Each Trustee serves until he or she resigns, is removed, dies, retires or becomes incapacitated. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is
elected and qualifies or until his or her death, resignation or removal. Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust within the meaning of the 1940 Act are referred to as independent trustees (“Independent Trustees”).
The following table provides information about the Trustees and officers of the Trust. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of all persons below is 116
S. Franklin Street, Rocky Mount, NC 27802.
Name and
Date of Birth
|
Position
held with
Funds
or Trust
|
Length
of Time
Served
|
Principal Occupation
During Past 5 Years
|
Number of
Portfolios
in Fund
Complex
Overseen
by Trustee
|
Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
During Past 5 Years
|
Independent Trustees
|
Thomas R. Galloway
(10/1963)
|
Independent Trustee, Chairman
|
Since 12/2016
|
Independent Investor since 2012.
|
6
|
Independent Trustee of the Volt ETF Trust for all its series since 2016; Prophecy Alpha Fund I, a closed-end interval fund since
2015; and Wonderfund Trust for all its series since 2021; (all registered investment companies).
|
Jesse S. Eberdt, III
(10/1959)
|
Independent Trustee
|
Since 12/2016
|
Managing Director at Tempus Durham, LLC (advisory firm) since 2010.
|
6
|
Independent Trustee of the Prophecy Alpha Fund I, a closed-end interval fund since 2015 (a registered investment company).
|
Name and
Date of Birth
|
Position held with
Funds or Trust
|
Length of
Time
Served
|
Principal Occupation
During Past 5 Years
|
Officers
|
Katherine M. Honey
(09/1973)
|
President and Principal Executive Officer
|
Since 12/2016
|
President of The Nottingham Company since 2018. EVP of The Nottingham Company from 2008 to 2018.
|
Peter McCabe
(09/1972)
|
Treasurer, Principal Accounting Officer, and Principal Financial Officer
|
Since 05/2023
|
Chief Operating Officer, The Nottingham Company since 2018.
|
Tracie A. Coop
(12/1976)
|
Secretary
|
Since 12/2019
|
General Counsel, The Nottingham Company since 2019. Formerly, Vice President and Managing Counsel, State Street Bank and Trust
Company from 2015 to 2019.
|
Andrea M. Knoth
(09/1983)
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
Since 05/2022
|
Director of Compliance, The Nottingham Company since 2022. Formerly, Senior Fund Compliance Administrator, Ultimus Fund Solutions
from 2019 to 2022. Formerly, Associate Director of Operational Compliance, Barings from 2018 to 2019. .
|
Qualification of Trustees. The Board believes that each Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes, or skills on an
individual basis and in combination with those of the other Trustees on the Board lead to the conclusion that the Board possesses the requisite skills and attributes to carry out its oversight responsibilities with respect to the Trust. The
Board believes that its Trustees’ ability to review, critically evaluate, question, and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the Advisor, other service providers, counsel and independent auditors, and to exercise
effective business judgment in the performance of its duties, support this conclusion. The Board also has considered the following experience, qualifications, attributes, and/or skills, among others, of its members, as applicable, in reaching
its conclusion: (i) such person’s business and professional experience and accomplishments, including prior experience in the financial services and investment management fields or on other boards; (ii) such person’s ability to work effectively
with the other members of the Board; (iii) how the individual’s skills, experiences, and attributes would contribute to an appropriate mix of relevant skills and experience on the Board; (iv) such person’s character and integrity; (v) such
person’s willingness to serve and willingness and ability to commit the time necessary to perform the duties of a Trustee; and (vi) as to each Trustee his status as an Independent Trustee.
In addition, the following specific experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills were considered in respect of the listed Trustee.
Mr. Galloway has over twenty years of experience in the investment industry, particularly with respect to high yield, bank loan, and distressed securities. He spent 12
years at Western Asset Management ("WAMCO"), where he served as an analyst and portfolio manager. Prior to joining WAMCO in 2000, Mr. Galloway worked at Merrill Lynch Asset Management, where he analyzed multiple industry sectors. He began his
investment career in 1992 at a boutique investment firm, where he specialized in high yield and distressed securities. He received his BA in History and Public Policy from Duke University and an MBA from the Kellogg School of Management at
Northwestern University.
Mr. Eberdt is an entrepreneur with a particular focus on health care and related industries. His most recent venture was as co-founder of Parata Systems LLC, a
pharmaceutical automation company. Previously, Mr. Eberdt served as president of MyDailyHealth. Prior to MyDailyHealth, he served in sales and marketing related posts with American Hospital Supply/Baxter Healthcare and Eon Labs. He received his
BA in Political Science from Duke University.
Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities. Overall responsibility for oversight
of the Funds rests with the Board. The Board has engaged the Advisor to manage the Funds on a day-to-day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Advisor and other service providers in the operations of the Funds in accordance with
the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws, and the Trust’s charter. The Board is currently composed of two members, all of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board currently conducts regular meetings four
times a year. In addition, the Board frequently holds special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings. The Independent Trustees meet
regularly outside the presence of management, in executive session or with service providers to the Trust.
The Board has appointed an Independent Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman's role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison
with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. The Board has established three standing
committees: an Audit Committee, a Governance Committee, and a Nominating Committee to assist the Board in the oversight and direction of the business and affairs of the Funds, and from time to time the Board may establish ad-hoc committees or
informal working groups to review and address the policies and practices of the Funds with respect to certain specified matters. The Chair of each standing Committee is an Independent Trustee. The role of the Chair of each Committee is to
preside at all meetings of the Committee and to act as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees between meetings. Each Standing Committee meets regularly to conduct the oversight functions delegated to the
Committee by the Board and reports its finding to the Board. The Board and each standing Committee conduct annual assessments of their oversight function and structure. The Board has determined that the Board's leadership structure is
appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise independent judgment over management and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees of Independent Trustees and the full Board to enhance effective oversight.
With respect to risk oversight, the Board considers risk management issues as part of its general oversight responsibilities throughout the year. The Board holds four
regular board meetings each year during which the Board receives risk management reports and/or assessments from Trust management, the Advisor, administrator, transfer agent, and distributor, and receives an annual report from the Trust's Chief
Compliance Officer (“CCO”). The Audit Committee also meets with the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm on an annual basis, to discuss among other things, the internal control structure of the Trust's financial reporting
function. When appropriate, the Board may hold special meetings or communicate directly with Trust management, the CCO, the Trust's third-party service providers, legal counsel, or independent public accountants to address matters arising
between regular board meeting or needing special attention. In addition, the Board has adopted policies and procedures for the Trust to help detect and prevent and, if necessary, correct violations of federal securities laws.
The Board met seven times during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2023.
Audit Committee. All of the Independent Trustees are members of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee oversees the Funds’
accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, reviews the results of the annual audits of the Funds’ financial statements, and interacts with the Funds’ independent auditors on behalf of all the Trustees. The Audit Committee
operates pursuant to an Audit Committee Charter and meets periodically as necessary. The Audit Committee met eight times during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Fair Valuation Committee. An Independent Trustee and a representative of the advisor are members of the Fair Valuation
Committee. The Fair Valuation Committee oversees the valuation designee who has the authority to determine the fair value of specific securities under the methods established by the adopted Guidelines for Valuing Portfolio Securities. The Fair
Valuation Committee meets only as necessary. The Fair Valuation Committee did not meet during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Governance Committee. All of the Independent Trustees are members of the Governance Committee. The Governance Committee
assists the Board in adopting fund governance practices and meeting certain fund governance standards. The Governance Committee also nominates, selects, and appoints Independent Trustees to fill vacancies on the Board of Trustees and to stand
for election at meetings of the shareholders of the Trust. The Governance Committee operates pursuant to a Governance Committee Charter and normally meets annually but may also meet as often as necessary to carry out its purpose. The
Governance Committee met one time during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Beneficial Equity Ownership Information. The table below sets forth, as of the date of this SAI, the dollar range of equity
securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund, and the aggregate dollar range of equity securities in the Fund complex.
A = None; B = $1-$10,000; C = $10,001-$50,000; D = $50,001-$100,000; and E = over $100,000.
Name of Trustee
|
Fund
|
Dollar Range of
Equity Securities
in the Fund
|
Aggregate Dollar
Range of Equity
Securities in
All Funds
Overseen or to be
Overseen by Trustee in Family of
Investment Companies
|
Thomas R. Galloway
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
A
|
|
Obra High Grade structured Products ETF
|
A
|
|
|
|
A
|
Jesse Eberdt
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
A
|
|
Obra High Grade structured Products ETF
|
A
|
|
|
|
A
|
Ownership of Securities of Advisor, Distributor, or Related Entities. As of the date of this SAI, none of the Independent Trustees and/or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities of the Advisor, the Funds’ distributor, or any entity
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Advisor or the Funds’ distributor.
Compensation. Officers of the Trust and Trustees who are interested persons of the Trust or the Advisor will receive no salary or
fees from the Trust. Independent Trustees receive a flat rate of $5,000 plus an additional $2,000 per Fund each year but may receive up to an additional $2,250 per special meeting in the event that
special meetings are held. This amount may be paid pro rata in the event that the Fund closes during the year. The Trust reimburses each Trustee and officers of the Trust for his or her travel and other expenses relating to attendance at such
meetings. Each of the Trustees serves as a Trustee to all series of the Trust, including the Funds.
Each of the Trustees serves as a Trustee to all series of the Trust, including the Funds. For their services as Trustees of the Trust for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025, the Trustees are estimated to be compensated as follows:
Name of Trustees
|
Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund
|
Pension or
Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of
Fund Expenses
|
Estimated Annual
Benefits Upon
Retirement
|
Total Compensation
from Fund and
Fund Complex Paid
to Trustees
|
Independent Trustees
|
Thomas Galloway
|
$2,833.36
|
None
|
None
|
$17,000
|
Jesse Eberdt
|
$2,833.36
|
None
|
None
|
$17,000
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. As of the date of this SAI, the Funds had not yet publicly offered its shares and, therefore, the officers and Trustees of the Trust collectively owned less than 1% of the then outstanding shares of the Funds.
Shareholders owning 25% or more of outstanding Shares may be in control and be able to affect the outcome of certain matters presented for a vote of
Shareholders. Although the Funds do not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of Shares held in the names of Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) participants (as defined below), as of the date of this SAI, no DTC participate owned
of record 5% or more of the outstanding Shares of the Funds.
Potential Conflicts of Interest. When a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential
conflicts of interest may arise. Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Advisor may receive fees from certain
accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Funds, or it may receive a performance-based fee on certain accounts. The procedures to address conflicts of interest, if any, are described below.
The portfolio manager’s management of other accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with their management of the Funds’ investments, on the
one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other.
The other accounts may have the same investment objective as the Funds. Therefore, a potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the identical investment
objectives, whereby the portfolio manager could favor one account over another. Another potential conflict could include the portfolio manager’s knowledge about the size, timing and possible market impact of fund trades, whereby a portfolio
manager could use this information to the advantage of other accounts and to the disadvantage of the Funds. However, the Advisor has established policies and procedures to ensure that the purchase and sale of securities among all accounts it
manages are fairly and equitably allocated.
Investment Advisor. Obra Fund Management, LLC, located at 835 W. 6th Street, Suite 1400, Austin, Texas 78703, serves as the
investment advisor to the Funds pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds and the Advisor. The Advisor commenced operations in August, 2023.
The Advisor is principally owned and controlled by Obra Capital, Inc. The Advisor is responsible for furnishing the investment program for the Funds and managing the investment and
reinvestment of the Funds’ assets on an ongoing basis.
Investment Advisory Agreement. The investment advisory agreement for the Funds is effective for an initial two-year period and
will be renewed thereafter from year to year only so long as such renewal and continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities
of the Funds and (ii) by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The investment advisory agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust by
vote of the Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities upon on sixty (60) calendar days’ written notice, or by the Advisor upon 60 calendar days’ written notice. The investment advisory agreement will
terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment,” as such term is defined in the 1940 Act.
Under the investment advisory agreement, the Advisor will not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Funds in connection
with the performance of such agreement, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services; or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence on the part
of the Advisor in the performance of its duties; or from its reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under the investment advisory agreement.
Management Fees. As full compensation for the investment advisory services provided to the Funds, the Advisor and will receive
monthly compensation based on the Funds’ average daily net assets at the annual rates set forth in the table below.
Fund
|
Management Fee
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
0.63%
|
Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF
|
0.63%
|
Expense Limitation Agreements. In the interest of limiting expenses of the Funds,
the Advisor has entered into an expense limitation agreement with the Trust,
pursuant to which the Advisor has agreed to waive or reduce its
management fees and assume other expenses of the Funds, if necessary, in an amount that limits the Funds’ annual operating
expenses (exclusive of (i) any front-end or contingent deferred loads; (ii) brokerage fees and commissions, (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) fees and expenses associated with investments in other collective investment vehicles or
derivative instruments (including for example option and swap fees and expenses); (v) borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); (vi) taxes; and (vii) extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses
(which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees and contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser)) to not than the amount set forth in the table below of the average daily net assets of each Fund.
Net annual operating expenses for the Funds may exceed these limits to the extent that they incur expenses enumerated above as exclusions. The expense limitation agreement runs through
July 31,
2025 and may be terminated by the Board at any time. In consideration of the Advisor’s agreement to limit the Fund’s expenses, the Fund has agreed to repay the Advisor in the amount of any fees waived and Fund expenses paid or absorbed, subject
to the limitations that: (i) the reimbursement will be made only for fees and expenses incurred not more than three years from the date on which they were incurred; and (ii) the reimbursement may not be made if it would cause the lesser of the
expense limitation in place at the time of waiver or at the time of reimbursement to be exceeded. It is expected that the expense limitation agreement will continue from year-to-year thereafter, provided such continuance is specifically approved
by a majority of the Trustees who (i) are not “interested persons” of the Trust or any other party to the expense limitation agreement, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act, and (ii) have no direct or indirect financial interest in the
operation of the expense limitation agreement.
Operating Expense Limit
|
Fund
|
Expense Cap
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
0.90%
|
Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF
|
0.90%
|
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers; Compensation of the Portfolio Managers. Peter Polanskyj and Matt Roesler are the
co-portfolio managers of the Funds and are responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds’ portfolio.
Information regarding the other accounts managed by the portfolio manager as of February 29, 2024, is set forth
below:
Portfolio
Management Team
|
Registered Investment
Companies
|
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles
|
Other Accounts
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets
|
All Accounts
|
Peter Polanskyj
|
0
|
$0
|
7
|
$828M
|
0
|
$0
|
Matt Roesler
|
0
|
$0
|
5
|
$637M
|
0
|
$0
|
Accounts with Performance-Based Advisory Fee
|
Peter Polanskyj
|
0
|
$0
|
7
|
$759M
|
0
|
$0
|
Matt Roesler
|
0
|
$0
|
5
|
$637M
|
0
|
$0
|
Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure Disclosure
Compensation. Messrs. Polanskyi’s and Roesler’s compensation is based on performance of the underlying funds managed by the Advisor. Compensation is paid by the Advisor and is not
tied to specific performance objectives or return targets and is meant to align the incentives of the portfolio managers and the Funds. The return targets and prospective compensation vary depending on the Fund. The portfolio
manager’s compensation is not directly linked to the Fund’s performance, although positive performance and growth in managed assets are factors that may contribute to the Advisor’s distributable profits and assets under management.
Ownership of Fund Shares. As of the date of this SAI, the Portfolio Manager did not beneficially own shares
of the Funds.
Administrator. The Trust has entered into a fund accounting and
administration agreement with The Nottingham Company (“Administrator”), located at 116 South Franklin Street, Post Office Box 69, Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27802-0069. The Administrator performs the following services for the Funds: (i)
procures on behalf of the Trust, and coordinates with the custodian and monitors the services it provides to the Funds; (ii) coordinates with and monitors any other third parties furnishing services to the Funds; (iii) provides the Funds with
necessary office space, telephones, and other communications facilities and personnel competent to perform administrative and clerical functions for the Funds; (iv) assists or supervises the maintenance by third parties of such books and
records of the Funds as may be required by applicable federal or state law; (v) assists in the preparation of all federal, state, and local tax returns and reports of the Funds required by applicable law; (vi) assists in the preparation of and,
after approval by the Trust, files and arranges for the distribution of proxy materials and periodic reports to shareholders of the Funds as required by applicable law; (vii) assists in the preparation of and, after approval by the Trust,
arranges for the filing of such registration statements and other documents with the SEC and other federal and state regulatory authorities as may be required by applicable law; (viii) reviews and submits to the officers of the Trust for their
approval invoices or other requests for payment of fund expenses and instructs the custodian to issue checks in payment thereof; and (ix) takes such other action with respect to the Funds as may be necessary in the opinion of the Administrator
to perform its duties under the agreement. The Administrator will also provide certain accounting and pricing services for the Funds.
Distributor. Under the Distribution Agreement between the Trust and
Capital Investment Group, Inc. (the “Distributor”), the Distributor serves as the principal distributor and underwriter for the Funds. The Distributor is located at 100 E. Six Forks Road, Suite 200, Raleigh, NC 27609. Shares are continuously
offered for sale by the Funds through the Distributor or its agent only in Creation Units, as described in the applicable Prospectus and below in the Creation and Redemption of Creation Units section of this SAI. Fund shares in amounts less
than Creation Units are generally not distributed by the Distributor or its agent. The Distributor or its agent will arrange for the delivery of the applicable Prospectus and, upon request, this SAI to persons purchasing Creation Units and will
maintain records of both orders placed with it or its agents and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it or its agents. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”),
and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). The Distributor is also licensed as a broker-dealer in all 50 U.S. states, as well as in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia.
The Distribution Agreement for the Funds provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least 60 days' prior written notice to
the other party following (i) the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds. The Distribution Agreement will terminate
automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
The Distributor may also enter into agreements with securities dealers (“Soliciting Dealers”) who will solicit purchases of Creation Units of Fund shares. Such Soliciting
Dealers may also be Authorized Participants (as described below), Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) participants and/or investor services organizations. The Advisor or its Affiliates may, from time to time and from their own resources, pay,
defray, or absorb costs relating to distribution, including payments out of their own resources to the Distributor, or to otherwise promote the sale of shares.
The Distributor is paid $6,500 per series of the Trust, per year.
Payments by the Advisor and its Affiliates. The Advisor, and/or its Affiliates (“Advisor Entities”) pay
certain broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, banks and other financial intermediaries (“Intermediaries”) for certain activities related to the Funds, other funds or exchange-traded products in general. Advisor Entities make these
payments from their own assets and not from the assets of the Funds. Although a portion of Advisor Entities' revenue comes directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Funds and other funds, these payments do not increase the price paid
by investors for the purchase of shares of, or the cost of owning, the Funds or other funds. Advisor Entities make payments for Intermediaries' participation in activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other
professionals, and individual investors more knowledgeable about exchange-traded products, including the Funds, or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs,
conferences, the development of technology platforms, and reporting systems (“Education Costs”). Advisor Entities also make payments to Intermediaries for certain printing, publishing, and mailing costs associated with the Funds or materials
relating to exchange-traded products in general (“Publishing Costs”). In addition, Advisor Entities make payments to Intermediaries that make shares of the Funds and certain other funds available to their clients, develop new products that
feature the Funds, or otherwise promote the Funds and other funds. Advisor Entities may also reimburse expenses or make payments from their own assets to Intermediaries or other persons in consideration of services or other activities that the
Advisor Entities believe may benefit the Funds’ business or facilitate investment in the Funds. Payments of the type described above are sometimes referred to as revenue-sharing payments.
Payments to an Intermediary may be significant to the Intermediary, and amounts that Intermediaries pay to your salesperson or other investment professional may also be
significant for your salesperson or other investment professional. Because an Intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it will recommend or make available to its clients or what services to provide for various products
based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive, such payments may create conflicts of interest between the Intermediary and its clients, and these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend the Funds and other funds
over other investments. The same conflicts of interest and financial incentives exist with respect to your salesperson or other investment professional if he or she receives similar payments from his or her Intermediary firm.
Any additions, modifications, or deletions to Intermediaries listed above that have occurred since the date noted above are not included in the list. Further, Advisor
Entities make Education Costs and Publishing Costs payments to other Intermediaries that are not listed above. Advisor Entities may determine to make such payments based on any number of metrics. For example, Advisor Entities may make payments
at year-end or other intervals in a fixed amount, an amount based upon an Intermediary's services at defined levels, or an amount based on the Intermediary's net sales of one or more funds in a year or other period, any of which arrangements
may include an agreed-upon minimum or maximum payment, or any combination of the foregoing. As of the date of this SAI, the Advisor anticipates that the payments paid by Advisor Entities in connection with the Funds and exchange-traded products
in general will be immaterial to Advisor Entities in the aggregate for the next year. Please contact your salesperson or other investment professional for more information regarding any such payments his or her Intermediary firm may receive.
Any payments made by the Advisor Entities to an Intermediary may create the incentive for an Intermediary to encourage customers to buy shares of the Funds.
The Funds may participate in certain market maker incentive programs of a national securities exchange in which an affiliate of the Funds would pay a fee to the exchange
used for incentivizing one or more market makers in the securities of the Funds to enhance the liquidity and quality of the secondary market of securities of the Funds. The fee would then be credited by the exchange to one or more market makers
that meet or exceed liquidity and market quality standards with respect to the securities of the Funds. Each market maker incentive program is subject to approval from the SEC. Any such fee payments made to an exchange will be made by an
affiliate of the Funds solely for the benefit of the Funds and will not be paid from any Fund assets. Certain funds managed by the Advisor may also participate in such programs.
Custodian. Clear Street, LLC, located at 55 Broadway, New York, NY 10006, is the custodian for the Funds. The custodian is
responsible for holding all cash assets and all portfolio securities of the Funds, including releasing and delivering such securities as directed by the Funds, maintaining bank accounts in the name of the Funds, collecting income and other
payments due from the Funds with respect to portfolio securities and paying out monies of the Funds, and making available a list of the names and the amounts of the Deposit Securities through the facilities of the NSCC.
The custodian is authorized to deposit securities in securities depositories or to use the services of sub-custodians, including foreign sub-custodians, to the extent permitted by and subject
to the regulations of the SEC.
Transfer Agent. Nottingham Shareholder Services, LLC (“Transfer Agent”), located at 116 S. Franklin Street, P.O. Box 4365,
Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27803-0365, is the transfer agent for the Funds (the “Transfer Agent”) and also serves as the dividend disbursing agent for the Funds.
Counsel. Greenberg Traurig LLP is counsel to the Trust.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Tait, Weller & Baker,
LLP, located at Two Liberty Place, 50 S. 16th Street, Suite 2900, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19102-2529, serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm. They audit the Funds’ financial statements and perform other related audit services.
Compliance Services Administrator. The Trust has entered into a compliance services
arrangement with The Nottingham Company, Inc., located at 116 S Franklin Street, Rocky Mount, North Carolina 27802. The Trust’s CCO will prepare and update the Trust’s compliance manual and monitor and test compliance with the policies and
procedures under the Trust’s compliance manual.
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS
Subject to policies established by the Board, the Advisor is primarily responsible for the execution of the Funds’ portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage.
The Advisor does not execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer but seeks to obtain the best net results for the Funds, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer
spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, operational facilities of the firm, and the firm's risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While the Advisor generally seeks reasonable trade execution costs, the Funds do not
necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available, and payment of the lowest commission or spread is not necessarily consistent with obtaining the best price and execution in particular transactions. Subject to applicable legal
requirements, the Advisor may select brokers based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to the Advisor and its clients, including the Funds. In return for such services, the Advisor may cause the Funds to pay a higher commission
than other brokers would charge if the Advisor determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.
In selecting brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions, the Advisor seeks to obtain the best price and most favorable execution for the Funds and may take into
account a variety of factors including: (i) the size, nature, and character of the security or instrument being traded and the markets in which it is purchased or sold; (ii) the desired timing of the transaction; (iii) the Advisor 's knowledge
of the expected commission rates and spreads currently available; (iv) the activity existing and expected in the market for the particular security or instrument, including any anticipated execution difficulties; (v) the full range of brokerage
services provided; (vi) the broker's or dealer's capital; (vii) the quality of research and research services provided; (viii) the reasonableness of the commission, dealer spread, or its equivalent for the specific transaction; and (ix) the
Advisor's knowledge of any actual or apparent operational problems of a broker or dealer. Brokers may also be selected because of their ability to handle special or difficult executions, such as may be involved in large block trades, less
liquid securities, or other circumstances.
Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act (“Section 28(e)”) permits an investment adviser, under certain circumstances, to cause an account to pay a broker or dealer a commission for
effecting a transaction in securities that exceeds the amount another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the same transaction in recognition of the value of brokerage and research services provided by that broker or dealer. This
includes commissions paid on riskless principal transactions in securities under certain conditions.
From time to time, the Funds may purchase new issues of securities in a fixed price offering. In these situations, the broker may be a member of the selling group that
will, in addition to selling securities, provide the Advisor with research services. FINRA has adopted rules expressly permitting these types of arrangements under certain circumstances. Generally, the broker will provide research “credits” in
these situations at a rate that is higher than that available for typical secondary market transactions. These arrangements may not fall within the safe harbor of Section 28(e).
OTC issues, including most fixed income securities such as corporate debt and U.S. Government securities, are normally traded on a “net” basis without a stated commission,
through dealers acting for their own account and not as brokers. The Funds will primarily engage in transactions with these dealers or deal directly with the issuer unless a better price or execution could be obtained by using a broker. Prices
paid to a dealer with respect to both foreign and domestic securities will generally include a “spread,” which is the difference between the prices at which the dealer is willing to purchase and sell the specific security at the time and
includes the dealer's normal profit.
Under the 1940 Act, persons affiliated with the Funds and persons who are affiliated with such affiliated persons are prohibited from dealing with the Funds as principal
in the purchase and sale of securities unless a permissive order allowing such transactions is obtained from the SEC. Since transactions in the OTC market usually involve transactions with the dealers acting as principal for their own accounts,
the Funds will not deal with affiliated persons, including the Advisor and its affiliates, in connection with such transactions. The Funds will not purchase securities during the existence of any underwriting or selling group relating to such
securities of which the Advisor, the Advisor, or any affiliated person (as defined in the 1940 Act) thereof is a member except pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board in accordance with Rule 10f-3 under the 1940 Act.
Purchases of money market instruments by the Funds are made from dealers, underwriters, and issuers. The Funds do not currently expect to incur any brokerage commission
expense on such transactions because money market instruments are generally traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission. The price of the security, however, usually includes a
profit to the dealer.
The Advisor, from time to time, effects trades on behalf of and for the account of the Funds with brokers or dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor in conformity
with Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act and SEC rules and regulations. Under these provisions, any commissions paid to affiliated brokers or dealers must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions charged by other brokers or dealers in
comparable transactions.
Securities purchased in underwritten offerings include a fixed amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter's concession or
discount. When securities are purchased or sold directly from or to an issuer, no commissions or discounts are paid.
Investment decisions for the Funds and for other investment accounts managed by the Advisor and its Affiliates are made independently of each other in light of differing
conditions. A variety of factors will be considered in making investment allocations. These factors include: (i) investment objectives or strategies for particular accounts, including sector, industry, country or region and capitalization
weightings; (ii) tax considerations of an account; (iii) risk or investment concentration parameters for an account; (iv) supply or demand for a security at a given price level; (v) size of available investment; (vi) cash availability and
liquidity requirements for accounts; (vii) regulatory restrictions; (viii) minimum investment size of an account; (ix) relative size of account; and (x) such other factors as may be approved by the Advisor. Moreover, investments may not be
allocated to one client account over another based on any of the following considerations: (i) to favor one client account at the expense of another; (ii) to generate higher fees paid by one client account over another or to produce greater
performance compensation to the Advisor; (iii) to develop or enhance a relationship with a client or prospective client; (iv) to compensate a client for past services or benefits rendered to the Advisor or to induce future services or benefits
to be rendered to the Advisor; or (v) to manage or equalize investment performance among different client accounts. The Advisor and its Affiliates may deal, trade and invest for their own account in the types of securities in which the Funds
may invest.
Initial public offerings of securities may be over-subscribed and subsequently trade at a premium in the secondary market. When the Advisor is given an opportunity to
invest in such an initial offering or “new” or “hot” issue, the supply of securities available for client accounts is often less than the amount of securities the accounts would otherwise take. In order to allocate these investments fairly and
equitably among client accounts over time, each portfolio manager or a member of his or her respective investment team will indicate to the Advisor’s trading desk their level of interest in a particular offering with respect to eligible
clients' accounts for which that team is responsible. Initial public offerings of U.S. equity securities will be identified as eligible for particular client accounts that are managed by portfolio teams who have indicated interest in the
offering based on market capitalization of the issuer of the security and the investment mandate of the client account and in the case of international equity securities, the country where the offering is taking place and the investment mandate
of the client account. Generally, shares received during the initial public offering will be allocated among participating client accounts within each investment mandate on a pro rata basis. This pro rata allocation may result in the Funds
receiving less of a particular security than if pro-rating had not occurred. All allocations of securities will be subject, where relevant, to share minimums established for accounts and compliance constraints. In situations where supply is too
limited to be allocated among all accounts for which the investment is eligible, portfolio managers may rotate such investment opportunities among one or more accounts so long as the rotation system provides for fair access for all client
accounts over time. Other allocation methodologies that are considered by the Advisor to be fair and equitable to clients may be used as well.
Because different accounts may have differing investment objectives and policies, the Advisor may buy and sell the same securities at the same time for different clients
based on the particular investment objective, guidelines and strategies of those accounts. For example, the Advisor may decide that it may be entirely appropriate for a growth fund to sell a security at the same time a value fund is buying that
security. To the extent that transactions on behalf of more than one client of the Advisor or its Affiliates during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an
adverse effect on price. For example, sales of a security by the Advisor on behalf of one or more of its clients may decrease the market price of such security, adversely impacting other Advisor clients that still hold the security. If
purchases or sales of securities arise for consideration at or about the same time that would involve the Funds or other clients or funds for which the Advisor or an Affiliate act as investment manager, transactions in such securities will be
made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds and clients in a manner deemed equitable to all.
In certain instances, the Advisor may find it efficient for purposes of seeking to obtain best execution, to aggregate or “bunch” certain contemporaneous purchases or sale
orders of its advisory accounts and advisory accounts of affiliates. In general, all contemporaneous trades for client accounts under management by the same portfolio manager or investment team will be bunched in a single order if the trader
believes the bunched trade would provide each client with an opportunity to achieve a more favorable execution at a potentially lower execution cost. The costs associated with a bunched order will be shared pro rata among the clients in the
bunched order. Generally, if an order for a particular portfolio manager or management team is filled at several different prices through multiple trades, all accounts participating in the order will receive the average price (except in the
case of certain international markets where average pricing is not permitted). While in some cases this practice could have a detrimental effect upon the price or value of the security as far as the Funds are concerned, in other cases it could
be beneficial to the Funds. Transactions effected by the Advisor or its Affiliates on behalf of more than one of its clients during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold,
causing an adverse effect on price. The trader will give the bunched order to the broker-dealer that the trader has identified as being able to provide the best execution of the order. Orders for purchase or sale of securities will be placed
within a reasonable amount of time of the order receipt and bunched orders will be kept bunched only long enough to execute the order.
As of the date of this SAI, the Funds had not yet commenced operations and therefore has not yet paid any brokerage commissions.
The Funds’ purchase and sale orders for securities may be combined with those of other investment companies, clients, or accounts that the Advisor or its Affiliates manage
or advise and for which they have brokerage placement authority. If purchases or sales of portfolio securities of the Funds and one or more other accounts managed or advised by the Advisor or its Affiliates are considered at or about the same
time, transactions in such securities are allocated among the Funds and the other accounts in a manner deemed equitable to all by the Advisor and its Affiliates. In some cases, this procedure could have a detrimental effect on the price or
volume of the security as far as the Funds are concerned. However, in other cases, it is possible that the ability to participate in volume transactions and to negotiate lower transaction costs will be beneficial to the Funds. The Advisor and
its Affiliates may deal, trade and invest for their own account in the types of securities in which the Funds may invest. Advisor and its Affiliates may, from time to time, affect trades on behalf of and for the account of the Funds with
brokers or dealers that are affiliated with the Advisor, in conformity with the 1940 Act and SEC rules and regulations. Under these provisions, any commissions paid to affiliated brokers or dealers must be reasonable and fair compared to the
commissions charged by other brokers or dealers in comparable transactions. The Funds will not deal with affiliates in principal transactions unless permitted by applicable SEC rules or regulations, or by SEC exemptive order.
Portfolio Turnover. The Funds may pay transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over”
its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in
the Example, affect the Funds’ performance. Because the Funds are newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUST
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on December 21, 2016 and
consists of multiple separate portfolios or series.
The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares in one or more series or “funds.” The Board has the right to establish additional series in the future, to
determine the preferences, voting powers, rights, and privileges thereof and to modify such preferences, voting powers, rights, and privileges without shareholder approval.
Each share issued by the Funds have a pro rata interest in the assets of the Funds. Fund shares have no preemptive, exchange, subscription, or conversion rights and are
freely transferable. Each share is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by the Board with respect to the Funds, and in the net distributable assets of the Funds on liquidation.
Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated
thereunder. Shares of all Funds of the Trust vote together as a single class except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, or if the matter being voted on affects only a particular fund, and, if a matter affects a particular fund differently
from other funds, the shares of that fund will vote separately on such matter.
The Declaration of Trust may, except in limited circumstances, be amended or supplemented by the Trustees without shareholder vote. The holders of Fund shares are required
to disclose information on direct or indirect ownership of Fund shares as may be required to comply with various laws applicable to the Funds, and ownership of Fund shares may be disclosed by the Funds if so required by law or regulation.
The Trust is not required and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. Shareholders owning more than 51% of the outstanding shares of the Trust have the
right to call a special meeting to remove one or more Trustees or for any other purpose.
The Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of Shares held by DTC Participants (as defined below).
Shareholders may make inquiries by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, Capital Investment Group, Inc., at the address provided herein under “Distributor.”
Book Entry Only System. DTC Acts as Securities Depository for Fund Shares. Shares of the Funds are represented by securities
registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of
securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants
include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and
by the Exchange and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers, and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship
with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants, and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants.
Ownership of beneficial interests in Shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC
Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating
to their purchase and sale of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements, and other communications to Beneficial Owners is affected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and
DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of the Funds held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number
of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement, or other communication, in such form, number and at such place
as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such
DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Fund distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all Fund shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such
distributions, shall immediately credit DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of the Funds as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC
Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in
bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising, or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between
such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with
respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost.
Proxy Voting. The Board has delegated responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by the Funds
to the Advisor. The Advisor will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies and procedures, which are included in Appendix A of this SAI. The Board will periodically review the Funds’ proxy voting record.
Information regarding how proxies relating to the Funds’ portfolio securities were voted during the 12-month period ended June 30 will be available: (i) without charge,
upon request by calling 1-252-972-9922 or by writing to Spinnaker ETF Series, 116 South Franklin Street, P.O. Box 69, Rocky Mount, NC 27802; and (ii) on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Portfolio Holdings Policy. The Trust has adopted a policy regarding the disclosure of information about the Trust’s
portfolio holdings. The Funds and their service providers may not receive compensation or any other consideration (which includes any agreement to maintain assets in the Funds or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Advisor
or any affiliated person of the Advisor) in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information of the Trust. The Trust’s policy is implemented and overseen by the chief compliance officer of the Funds, subject to the oversight of
the Board. Periodic reports regarding these procedures will be provided to the Board. The Board must approve all material amendments to this policy. The Funds’ complete portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each day the Funds are open
for business through financial reporting and news services, including publicly accessible Internet web sites. In addition, a basket composition file, which includes the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange for Fund shares,
together with estimates and actual cash components, is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the Exchange via the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”). The basket
represents one Creation Unit of the Funds. The Trust, the Advisor and the Distributor will not disseminate non-public information concerning the Trust.
Codes of Ethics. Pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, the Board has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Trust and
approved Codes of Ethics adopted by the Advisor and the Distributor (collectively the “Codes”). The Codes are intended to ensure that the interests of shareholders and other clients are placed ahead of any personal interest, that no undue
personal benefit is obtained from the person’s employment activities and that actual and potential conflicts of interest are avoided.
The Codes apply to the personal investing activities of Trustees and officers of the Trust, the Advisor and the Distributor (“Access Persons”). Rule 17j-1 and the Codes
are designed to prevent unlawful practices in connection with the purchase or sale of securities by Access Persons. Under the Codes, Access Persons are permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, but are required to report their
personal securities transactions for monitoring purposes. The Codes permit personnel subject to the Codes to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds, subject to certain limitations. In addition,
certain Access Persons are required to obtain approval before investing in initial public offerings or private placements. The Codes are on file with the SEC and are available to the public.
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
General. The Funds issue and sell shares of the Funds only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor
or its agent, without a sales load, at a price based on the NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day (as defined below), of an order received by the Distributor or its agent in proper form. A Creation Unit is an aggregation of
10,000 Shares for the Funds. On days when the Listing Exchange closes earlier than normal, the Funds may require orders to be placed earlier in the day. In its discretion, the Advisor reserves the right to increase or decrease the number of the
Funds’ shares that constitute a Creation Unit. The Board reserves the right to declare a split or a consolidation in the number of shares outstanding of the Funds, and to make a corresponding change in the number of shares constituting a
Creation Unit, in the event that the per share price in the secondary market rises (or declines) to an amount that falls outside the range deemed desirable by the Board.
A “Business Day” with respect to the Fund is any day on which the Exchange on which the Funds are listed for trading is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, each
Listing Exchange observes the following holidays, as observed: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day,
and Christmas Day.
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of Creation Units of the Funds generally consists of the in-kind deposit of a
designated portfolio of securities (Deposit Securities) and the Cash Component computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which will be applicable (subject to possible
amendment or correction) to creation requests received in proper form. The Fund Deposit represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit of the Funds.
The “Cash Component” is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit Amount,” which is an amount equal to the
market value of the Deposit Securities and serves to compensate for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount. Payment of any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial
ownership of the Deposit Securities are the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant purchasing the Creation Unit. The Funds generally offer Creation Units partially for cash, but may, in certain circumstances, offer Creation Units
solely for cash.
The Funds make available through the NSCC on each Business Day prior to the opening of business on the Listing Exchange, the list of names and the required number of
shares of each Deposit Security and the amount of the Cash Component to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information as of the end of the previous Business Day for the Funds). Such Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any
adjustments as described below, to purchases of Creation Units of shares of a given fund until such time as the next-announced Fund Deposit is made available.
The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities change pursuant to changes in the composition of the Funds’ portfolio and as rebalancing adjustments and
corporate action events are reflected from time to time by the Advisor with a view to the investment objective of the Funds. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting or composition of
the component securities constituting the Funds’ portfolio.
The Funds reserve the right to permit or require the substitution of a “cash in lieu” amount to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not
be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through DTC or the clearing process (as discussed below) or that the Authorized Participant is not able to trade due to a trading restriction. The Funds
also reserve the right to permit or require a “cash in lieu” amount in certain circumstances, including circumstances in which (i) the delivery of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under
applicable securities or other local laws or (ii) the delivery of the Deposit Security to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under applicable
securities or other local laws, or in certain other situations.
Cash Purchase Method. Although the Funds do not ordinarily permit partial or full cash purchases of Creation Units of the
Funds, when partial or full cash purchases of Creation Units are available or specified (Creation Units of the Funds are generally offered partially for cash), they will be effected in essentially the same manner as in-kind purchases thereof.
In the case of a partial or full cash purchase, the Authorized Participant must pay the cash equivalent of the Deposit Securities it would otherwise be required to provide through an in-kind purchase, plus the same Cash Component required to be
paid by an in-kind purchaser.
Role of the Authorized Participant. Creation Units may be purchased only by or through a DTC Participant that has entered
into an authorized participant agreement with the Distributor (an “Authorized Participant”). Such Authorized Participant will agree, pursuant to the terms of such authorized participant agreement and on behalf of itself or any investor on whose
behalf it will act, to certain conditions, including that such Authorized Participant will make available in advance of each purchase of shares an amount of cash sufficient to pay the Cash Component, once the NAV of a Creation Unit is next
determined after receipt of the purchase order in proper form, together with the transaction fees described below. An Authorized Participant, acting on behalf of an investor, may require the investor to enter into an agreement with such
Authorized Participant with respect to certain matters, including payment of the Cash Component. Investors who are not Authorized Participants must make appropriate arrangements with an Authorized Participant. Investors should be aware that
their particular broker may not be a DTC Participant or may not have executed an authorized participant agreement and that orders to purchase Creation Units may have to be placed by the investor's broker through an Authorized Participant. As a
result, purchase orders placed through an Authorized Participant may result in additional charges to such investor. The Funds do not expect to enter into an authorized participant agreement with more than a small number of DTC Participants. A
list of current Authorized Participants may be obtained from the Distributor. The Distributor has adopted guidelines regarding Authorized Participants' transactions in Creation Units that are made available to all Authorized Participants. These
guidelines set forth the processes and standards for Authorized Participants to transact with the Distributor and its agents in connection with creation and redemption transactions. In addition, the Distributor may be appointed as the proxy of
the Authorized Participant and may be granted a power of attorney under its authorized participation agreement.
Purchase Orders. To initiate an order for a Creation Unit, an Authorized Participant must submit to the Distributor or its
agent an irrevocable order to purchase shares of the Funds, in proper form, generally before 4:00 p.m., Eastern time on any Business Day to receive that day's NAV. The Distributor or its agent will notify the Advisor and the custodian of such
order. The custodian will then provide such information to any appropriate sub-custodian. Procedures and requirements governing the delivery of the Fund Deposit are set forth in the procedures handbook for Authorized Participants and may change
from time to time. Investors, other than Authorized Participants, are responsible for making arrangements for a creation request to be made through an Authorized Participant. The Distributor or its agent will provide a list of current
Authorized Participants upon request. Those placing orders to purchase Creation Units through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order to the Distributor or its agent by the Cutoff
Time (as defined below) on such Business Day.
The Authorized Participant must also make available on or before the contractual settlement date, by means satisfactory to the Funds, immediately available or same day
funds estimated by the Funds to be sufficient to pay the Cash Component next determined after acceptance of the purchase order, together with the applicable purchase transaction fees. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of
the issue of the Creation Unit. Those placing orders should ascertain the applicable deadline for cash transfers by contacting the operations department of the broker or depositary institution effectuating the transfer of the Cash Component.
This deadline is likely to be significantly earlier than the Cutoff Time of the Funds. Investors should be aware that an Authorized Participant may require orders for purchases of shares placed with it to be in the particular form required by
the individual Authorized Participant.
The Authorized Participant is responsible for any and all expenses and costs incurred by the Funds, including any applicable cash amounts, in connection with any purchase
order.
Timing of Submission of Purchase Orders. An Authorized Participant must submit an irrevocable order to purchase shares of
the Funds generally before 4:00 p.m., Eastern time on any Business Day in order to receive that day's NAV. Creation Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor
or its agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the authorized participant agreement, as described below. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Distributor
or its agent or an Authorized Participant. The Funds’ deadline specified above for the submission of purchase orders is referred to as the Funds’ “Cutoff Time.” In the case of custom orders, the order must be received by the Distributor no
later than one hour prior to the Cutoff Time in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. The Distributor or its agent, in their discretion, may permit the submission of such orders and requests by or through an Authorized Participant
at any time (including on days on which the Exchange is not open for business) via communication through the facilities of the Distributor's or its agent's proprietary website maintained for this purpose. Purchase orders and redemption
requests, if accepted by the Funds, will be processed based on the NAV next determined after such acceptance in accordance with the Funds’ Cutoff Times as provided in the authorized participant agreement and disclosed in this SAI.
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units. Subject to the conditions that (i) an irrevocable purchase order has been submitted
by the Authorized Participant (either on its own or another investor's behalf) and (ii) arrangements satisfactory to the Funds are in place for payment of the Cash Component and any other cash amounts which may be due, the Funds will accept the
order, subject to the Funds’ right (and the right of the Distributor and the Advisor) to reject any order until acceptance, as set forth below.
Once the Funds have accepted an order, upon the next determination of the NAV of the shares, such Funds will confirm the issuance of a Creation Unit, against receipt of
payment, at such NAV. The Distributor or its agent will then transmit a confirmation of acceptance to the Authorized Participant that placed the order.
The Funds reserve the right to reject or revoke a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor or their agent if: (i) the order is not in proper form; (ii) the
investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of the Funds; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered do not conform to the identity and number of shares specified, as described above;
(iv) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; or (v) circumstances outside the control of the Funds, the Distributor or its agent and the Advisor make it impracticable to process purchase orders provided
that such action does not result in a suspension of sales of Creation Units in contravention of Rule 6c-11 and the SEC’s position thereunder. The Distributor or its agent shall notify a prospective purchaser of a Creation Unit and/or the
Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such purchaser of its rejection of such order. The Funds, the Custodian, and the Distributor or its agent are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the
delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for failure to give such notification.
Issuance of a Creation Unit. Except as provided herein, a Creation Unit will not be issued until the transfer of good title
to the Funds of the Deposit Securities and the payment of the Cash Component have been completed. When the sub-custodian has confirmed to the custodian that the securities included in the Fund Deposit (or the cash value thereof) have been
delivered to the account of the relevant sub-custodian or sub-custodians, the Distributor or its agent, and the Advisor shall be notified of such delivery and the Funds will issue and cause the delivery of the Creation Unit. Creation Units are
generally issued on a “T+2 basis” (i.e., two Business Days after trade date). The Funds reserve the right to settle Creation Unit transactions on a basis other than T+2, including a shorter settlement period, if necessary or appropriate under
the circumstances and compliant with applicable law. For example, each Fund reserves the right to settle Creation Unit transactions on a basis other than T+2 in order to accommodate non-U.S. market holiday schedules, to account for different
treatment among non-U.S. and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates (i.e., the last day the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security) and in certain other circumstances.
To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant's agreement with the Distributor, the Funds will issue Creation Units to such Authorized Participant,
notwithstanding the fact that the corresponding Fund Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance on the undertaking of the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing Deposit Securities as soon as possible, which
undertaking shall be secured by such Authorized Participant's delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value at least equal to 105% and up to 115%, which percentage the Funds may change at any time, in its sole discretion, of the value
of the missing Deposit Securities in accordance with the Funds' then-effective procedures. The Funds may use such cash deposit at any time to buy Deposit Securities for the Funds. The only collateral that is acceptable to the Funds is cash in
U.S. dollars. Such cash collateral must be delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time on the contractual settlement date. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant,
and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant. Information concerning the Funds’ current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities is available from the Distributor or its
agent. The authorized participant agreement will permit the Funds to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Funds of purchasing such
securities and the cash collateral including, without limitation, liability for related brokerage, borrowings, and other charges.
In certain cases, Authorized Participants may create and redeem Creation Units on the same trade date and in these instances, the Funds reserve the right to settle these
transactions on a net basis or require a representation from the Authorized Participants that the creation and redemption transactions are for separate beneficial owners. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit
Securities and the validity, form, eligibility, and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Funds and the Funds’ determination shall be final and binding.
Costs Associated with Creation Transactions. A standard creation transaction fee is imposed to offset the transfer and other
transaction costs associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard creation transaction fee is charged to the Authorized Participant on the day such Authorized Participant creates a Creation Unit, and is the same, regardless of the
number of Creation Units purchased by the Authorized Participant on the applicable Business Day. The Authorized Participant may also be required to cover certain brokerage, tax, foreign exchange, execution, market impact, and other costs and
expenses related to the execution of trades resulting from such transaction. Authorized Participants will also bear the costs of transferring the Deposit Securities to the Funds. Investors who use the services of a broker or other financial
intermediary to acquire Fund shares may be charged a fee for such services.
In addition to the standard transaction fee discussed above, the Funds may charge an additional variable fee (“Variable
Fee”) for creations in whole or partial cash to offset brokerage and impact expenses associated with the cash portion of the transaction. The amount of the Variable Fee payable to the Fund by the Authorized Participant is determined by the
Advisor based on analysis of historical transaction cost data and the Advisor’s views of current market conditions, among other factors. The actual Variable Fee charged for a given transaction may be lower or higher than the trading expenses
incurred by the Funds with respect to the transaction. The total transaction fees charged (i.e., the standard transaction fee plus the Variable Fee) will not exceed the maximum amounts reflected in the table below. From time to time, the
Advisor, in its sole discretion, may adjust a Fund’s transaction fees or reimburse an Authorized Participant for all or a portion of the transaction fees.
The following table sets forth the Funds’ standard creation transaction fees and the maximum total transaction fee charges
for creation (as described above):
|
Standard Creation
Transaction Fee1
|
Maximum Total
Transaction Fee2
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
$500
|
3.00%
|
Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF
|
$500
|
3.00%
|
1.
|
Flat fee charged per transaction for one or more Creation Units.
|
2.
|
As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive of the Standard
Transaction Fee.
|
Redemption of Creation Units. Shares of the Funds may be redeemed by Authorized Participants only in
Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by the Distributor or its agent and only on a Business Day. The Funds will not redeem shares in amounts less than Creation Units. There can be no
assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the secondary market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number
of shares to constitute a Creation Unit that could be redeemed by an Authorized Participant. Beneficial owners also may sell shares in the secondary market.
The Funds generally redeem Creation Units partially for cash. Please see the Cash Redemption Method section below and the following discussion summarizing the in-kind
method for further information on redeeming Creation Units of the Funds.
The Funds make available through the NSCC, prior to the opening of business on the Listing Exchange on each Business Day, the designated portfolio of securities (including
any portion of such securities for which cash may be substituted) that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as defined below) on that day (“Fund Securities”), and an
amount of cash (the “Cash Amount,” as described below). Such Fund Securities and the corresponding Cash Amount (each subject to possible amendment or correction) are applicable, in order to effect redemptions of Creation Units of the Funds
until such time as the next announced composition of the Fund Securities and Cash Amount is made available. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units.
Procedures and requirements governing redemption transactions are set forth in the handbook for Authorized Participants and may change from time to time.
If redemptions are not paid in cash, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Fund Securities, plus the Cash Amount, which is an amount equal to
the difference between the NAV of the shares being redeemed, as next determined after the receipt of a redemption request in proper form, and the value of Fund Securities, less a redemption transaction fee (as described below).
The Funds may, in their sole discretion, substitute a “cash in lieu” amount to replace any Fund Security. The Funds also reserves the right to permit or require a “cash in
lieu” amount in certain circumstances, including circumstances in which: (i) the delivery of the Fund Security to the Authorized Participant would be restricted under applicable securities or other local laws; or (ii) the delivery of the Fund
Security to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of the Fund Security by the Authorized Participant due to restrictions under applicable securities or other local laws, or in certain other situations. The amount of cash
paid out in such cases will be equivalent to the value of the substituted security listed as the Fund Security. If the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the shares, a compensating cash payment equal to the difference is
required to be made by or through an Authorized Participant by the redeeming shareholder. The Funds generally redeem Creation Units partially for cash.
Cash Redemption Method. Although the Funds do not ordinarily permit partial or full cash redemptions of Creation Units of
the Funds, when partial or full cash redemptions of Creation Units are available or specified (Creation Units of the Funds are generally redeemed partially for cash), they will be affected in essentially the same manner as in-kind redemptions
thereof. In the case of partial or full cash redemption, the Authorized Participant receives the cash equivalent of the Fund Securities it would otherwise receive through an in-kind redemption, plus the same Cash Amount to be paid to an in-kind
redeemer.
Costs Associated with Redemption Transactions. A standard redemption
transaction fee is imposed to offset transfer and other transaction costs that may be incurred by the Funds. The standard redemption transaction fee is charged to the Authorized Participant on the day such Authorized Participant redeems a
Creation Unit and is the same regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed by an Authorized Participant on the applicable Business Day. The Authorized Participant may also be required to cover certain brokerage, tax, foreign exchange,
execution, market impact, and other costs and expenses related to the execution of trades resulting from such transaction. Authorized Participants will also bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Funds to their account on
their order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other financial intermediary to dispose of Fund shares may be charged a fee for such services.
In addition to the standard transaction fee discussed above, the Funds may charge an additional variable fee (“Variable
Fee”) for redemptions in whole or partial cash to offset brokerage and impact expenses associated with the cash portion of the transaction. The amount of the Variable Fee payable to the Fund by the Authorized Participant is determined by the
Advisor based on analysis of historical transaction cost data and the Advisor’s views of current market conditions, among other factors. The actual Variable Fee charged for a given transaction may be lower or higher than the trading expenses
incurred by the Funds with respect to the transaction. The total transaction fees charged (i.e., the standard transaction fee plus the Variable Fee) will not exceed the maximum amounts reflected in the table below. From time to time, the
Advisor, in its sole discretion, may adjust a Fund’s transaction fees or reimburse an Authorized Participant for all or a portion of the transaction fees.
The following table sets forth the Funds’ standard redemption transaction fees and the maximum total transaction fee charges
for redemptions (as described above):
|
Standard Redemption
Transaction Fee1
|
Maximum Total
Transaction Fee2
|
Obra Opportunistic Structured Products ETF
|
$500
|
2.00%
|
Obra High Grade Structured Products ETF
|
$500
|
2.00%
|
1.
|
Flat fee charged per transaction for one or more Creation Units.
|
2.
|
As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive of the Standard
Transaction Fee.
|
Placement of Redemption Orders. Redemption requests for Creation Units of the Funds must be submitted to
the Distributor by or through an Authorized Participant. An Authorized Participant must submit an irrevocable request to redeem shares of the Funds generally before 4:00 p.m., Eastern time on any Business Day in order to receive that day's NAV.
In the case of custom orders, the order must be received by the Distributor no later than one hour prior to Closing Time in order to receive that day’s closing NAV per Share. On days when the Exchange closes earlier than normal, the Funds may
require orders to redeem Creation Units to be placed earlier that day. Investors, other than Authorized Participants, are responsible for making arrangements for a redemption request to be made through an
Authorized Participant. The Distributor or its agent will provide a list of current Authorized Participants upon request.
The Authorized Participant must transmit the request for redemption in the form required by the Funds to the Distributor or its agent in accordance with procedures set
forth in the authorized participant agreement. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed an authorized participant agreement and that, therefore, requests to redeem Creation Units may have to be placed by the
investor's broker through an Authorized Participant who has executed an authorized participant agreement. At any time, only a limited number of broker-dealers will have an authorized participant agreement in effect. Investors making a
redemption request should be aware that such request must be in the form specified by such Authorized Participant. Investors making a request to redeem Creation Units should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the request by an
Authorized Participant and transfer of the shares to the Funds' transfer agent; such investors should allow for the additional time that may be required to effect redemptions through their banks, brokers, or other financial intermediaries if
such intermediaries are not Authorized Participants.
A redemption request is considered to be in “proper form” if: (i) an Authorized Participant has transferred or caused to be transferred to the Funds’ transfer agent the
Creation Unit redeemed through the book-entry system of DTC so as to be effective by the Exchange closing time on any Business Day; (ii) a request in form satisfactory to the Funds is received by the Distributor or its agent from the Authorized
Participant on behalf of itself or another redeeming investor within the time periods specified above; and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the authorized participant agreement are properly followed. If the transfer agent does not
receive the investor's shares through DTC's facilities by 10:00 a.m., Eastern time on the Business Day next following the day that the redemption request is received, the redemption request shall be rejected. Investors should be aware that the
deadline for such transfers of shares through the DTC system may be significantly earlier than the close of business on the Exchange. Those making redemption requests should ascertain the deadline applicable to transfers of shares through the
DTC system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depositary institution effecting the transfer of the shares.
Upon receiving a redemption request, the Distributor or its agent shall notify the Funds and the Funds’ transfer agent of such redemption request. The tender of an
investor's shares for redemption and the distribution of the securities and/or cash included in the redemption payment made in respect of Creation Units redeemed will be made through DTC and the relevant Authorized Participant to the Beneficial
Owner thereof as recorded on the book-entry system of DTC or the DTC Participant through which such investor holds, as the case may be, or by such other means specified by the Authorized Participant submitting the redemption request.
A redeeming Authorized Participant, whether on its own account or acting on behalf of a Beneficial Owner, must maintain appropriate security arrangements with a qualified
broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the portfolio securities are customarily traded, to which account such portfolio securities will be delivered.
Deliveries of redemption proceeds by the Funds generally will be made within two Business Days (i.e., “T+2”). The Funds reserve the right to settle redemption transactions
on a basis other than T+2, including a shorter settlement period, if necessary or appropriate under the circumstances and compliant with applicable law. For example, the Funds reserve the right to settle redemption transactions on a basis
other than T+2 to accommodate non-U.S. market holiday schedules (as discussed in the Regular Holidays section of this SAI), to account for different treatment among non-U.S. and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (i.e.,
the last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold) and in certain other circumstances. The Regular Holidays section of this SAI hereto identifies the instances, if any, where
more than seven days would be needed to deliver redemption proceeds. Pursuant to an order of the SEC, the Funds will make delivery of redemption proceeds within the number of days stated in the Regular Holidays section of this SAI, up to a
maximum of 14 days.
If neither the Authorized Participant nor the Beneficial Owner on whose behalf the Authorized Participant is acting has appropriate arrangements to take delivery of Fund
Securities in the applicable non-U.S. jurisdiction and it is not possible to make other such arrangements, or if it is not possible to effect deliveries of Fund Securities in such jurisdiction, the Funds may in their discretion exercise its
option to redeem such shares in cash, and the redeeming Beneficial Owner will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In such case, the investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of the
Funds next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charges specified above to offset the Funds’ brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition
of Fund Securities). Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws and the Funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to
redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Funds cannot lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or cannot do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws.
Although the Funds do not ordinarily permit cash redemptions of Creation Units (except that, as noted above, Creation Units of the Funds generally will be redeemed
partially for cash), in the event that cash redemptions are permitted or required by the Funds, proceeds will be paid to the Authorized Participant redeeming shares as soon as practicable after the date of redemption (within seven calendar days
thereafter, except for the instances listed in the section Regular Holidays below, in which more than seven calendar days would be needed).
To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant's agreement with the Distributor or its agent, in the event an Authorized Participant has submitted a redemption
request in proper form but is unable to transfer all or part of the Creation Unit to be redeemed to the Funds, at or prior to 10:00 a.m., Eastern time on the Exchange business day after the date of submission of such redemption request, the
Distributor or its agent will accept the redemption request in reliance on the undertaking by the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing shares as soon as possible. Such undertaking shall be secured by the Authorized Participant's
delivery and maintenance of collateral consisting of cash, in U.S. dollars in immediately available funds, having a value at least equal to 105% and up to 115%, which percentage the Funds may change at any time, in its sole discretion, of the
value of the missing shares. Such cash collateral must be delivered no later than 10:00 a.m., Eastern time on the day after the date of submission of such redemption request and shall be held by the Custodian and marked-to-market daily. The
fees of the Custodian in respect of the delivery, maintenance, and redelivery of the cash collateral shall be payable by the Authorized Participant. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the
Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant. The authorized participant agreement permits the Funds to acquire shares of the Funds at any time and subjects the Authorized
Participant to liability for any shortfall between the aggregate of the cost to the Funds of purchasing such shares, plus the value of the Cash Amount, and the value of the cash collateral together with liability for related brokerage and other
charges.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to the Funds: (i) for any period during which the Exchange is closed (other than
customary weekend and holiday closings); (ii) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of the Funds’
portfolio securities or determination of its NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (iv) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Taxation on Creations and Redemptions of Creation Units. An Authorized Participant generally will recognize either gain or
loss upon the exchange of Deposit Securities for Creation Units. This gain or loss is calculated by taking the market value of the Creation Units purchased over the Authorized Participant's aggregate basis in the Deposit Securities exchanged
therefor. However, the IRS may apply the wash sales rules to determine that any loss realized upon the exchange of Deposit Securities for Creation Units is not currently deductible. Authorized Participants should consult their own tax advisors.
Current U.S. federal income tax laws dictate that capital gain or loss realized from the redemption of Creation Units will generally create long-term capital gain or loss
if the Authorized Participant holds the Creation Units for more than one year, or short-term capital gain or loss if the Creation Units were held for one year or less, if the Creation Units are held as capital assets.
Regular Holidays. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not
holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle will be extended by the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also
prevent the Trust from delivering securities within normal settlement period.
The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring Portfolio Securities to redeeming investors, coupled with foreign market holiday schedules, will
require a delivery process longer than seven calendar days for each such Fund, in certain circumstances. The holidays applicable to the Funds during such periods are listed below, as are instances where more than seven days will be needed to
deliver redemption proceeds. Although certain holidays may occur on different dates in subsequent years, the number of days required to deliver redemption proceeds in any given year is not expected to exceed the maximum number of days listed
below for the Funds. The proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as “informal holidays” (e.g., days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading
hours), the elimination of existing holidays, or changes in local securities delivery practices, could affect the information set forth herein at some time in the future.
For the calendar years 2024 and 2025, the dates of regular holidays affecting the relevant securities markets of the
below listed countries are as follows:
Canada
|
2024
|
January 1
|
May 20
|
September 2
|
December 26
|
February 19
|
July 1
|
October 14
|
|
March 29
|
August 5
|
December 25
|
|
2025
|
January 1
|
May 19
|
September 30
|
December 25
|
April 18
|
July 1
|
October 13
|
December 26
|
April 21
|
September 1
|
November 11
|
|
United States
|
2024
|
January 1
|
March 29
|
July 4
|
December 25
|
January 15
|
May 27
|
September 2
|
|
February 19
|
June 19
|
November 28
|
|
2025
|
January 1
|
April 18
|
July 4
|
December 25
|
January 20
|
May 26
|
September 1
|
|
February 17
|
June 19
|
November 27
|
|
|
TAXES
The Funds intend to qualify for and have elected or intend to elect to be treated as a separate regulated investment
company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Funds will not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the portion of its taxable investment income and capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders. To qualify for
treatment as a RIC, the Funds must annually distribute at least 90% of its net investment company taxable income (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and meet several other requirements relating to the nature of
its income and the diversification of its assets. If the Funds fail to qualify for any taxable year as a RIC, all of its taxable income will be subject to tax at regular corporate income tax rates without any deduction for distributions to
shareholders, and such distributions generally will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividends to the extent of the relevant Funds’ current and accumulated earnings and profits.
The Funds are treated as a separate corporation for federal income tax purposes. The Funds therefore are considered to be a separate entity in determining its treatment
under the rules for RICs described herein and in the Prospectus.
The Funds will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if they do not distribute to their shareholders in each calendar year at least 98.2% of its
ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year plus 98.2% of its net capital gains for twelve months ended October 31 of such year. The Funds intend to declare and distribute dividends and
distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of this 4% excise tax.
As a result of tax requirements, the Trust on behalf of the Funds have the right to reject an order to purchase Shares if the purchaser (or group of purchasers) would,
upon obtaining the Shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding Shares of such Funds and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities
on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial Share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
The Funds may make investments that are subject to special federal income tax rules, such as investments in repurchase agreements, money market instruments, convertible
securities, and structured notes. Those special tax rules can, among other things, affect the timing of income or gain, the treatment of income as capital or ordinary and the treatment of capital gain or loss as long-term or short-term. The
application of these special rules would therefore also affect the character of distributions made by the Funds. The Funds may need to borrow money or dispose of some of its investments earlier than anticipated in order to meet its distribution
requirements.
Certain of the Funds’ investments may be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the
allowance of certain losses or deductions, (ii) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (iii) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss, the deductibility of
which is more limited, (iv) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (v) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions (vi) cause the Funds to recognize income
or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, and (vii) produce non-qualifying income for purposes of the income test required to be satisfied by a RIC. The application of these rules could cause the Funds to be subject to U.S. federal
income tax or the nondeductible 4% excise tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect the Funds’ status as a RIC. The Funds will monitor their investments and may make certain tax elections in order to mitigate the effect of these
provisions.
The Funds may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the
Funds. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Funds may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount (OID) or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or
worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income, and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be
addressed by the Funds to the extent necessary in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income that it does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Under Section 988 of the Code, special rules are provided for certain transactions in a foreign currency other than the taxpayer's functional currency (i.e., unless
certain special rules apply, currencies other than the U.S. dollar). In general, foreign currency gains or losses from forward contracts, from futures contracts that are not “regulated futures contracts,” and from unlisted options will be
treated as ordinary income or loss under Section 988 of the Code. Also, certain foreign exchange gains or losses derived with respect to foreign fixed income securities are also subject to Section 988 treatment. In general, therefore, Section
988 gains or losses will increase or decrease the amount of the Funds’ investment company taxable income available to be distributed to shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Funds’ net capital
gain.
Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax conventions between certain
countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Funds’ total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, or if at least 50% of the value of the
Funds’ total assets at the close of each quarter of its taxable year is represented by interests in other RICs, that Funds may elect to “pass through” to its shareholders the amount of foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by that Funds. If this
election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) its pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Funds, and may be entitled either to
deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his taxable income or to use it (subject to limitations) as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability. No deduction for
foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified after the close of the Funds’ taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Funds will “pass-through” for that year. Various
other limitations, including a minimum holding period requirement, apply to limit the credit and/or deduction for foreign taxes for purposes of regular federal tax and/or alternative minimum tax.
The Funds may gain commodity exposure through investment in exchange traded funds that are treated as RICs or “qualified publicly traded partnerships” or grantor trusts
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. An exchange traded fund that seeks to qualify as a RIC may gain commodity exposure through investment in commodity- linked notes and in subsidiaries that invest in commodity-linked instruments. Although the
IRS has issued numerous favorable private letter rulings to certain RICs that gain commodity exposure in this manner, such rulings can be relied on only by the taxpayers to whom they are issued. Moreover, the IRS currently is reconsidering
whether and how a RIC should be permitted to gain commodity exposure. Future IRS guidance (or possibly legislation, other regulatory guidance or court decisions) could limit the ability of an exchange traded fund that qualifies as a RIC to gain
commodity exposure regardless of whether that exchange traded fund previously received a favorable IRS private letter ruling with respect to such investment activity. Investments by the Funds in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” and
grantor trusts that engage in commodity trading must be monitored and limited to enable the Funds to satisfy certain asset diversification and qualifying income tests for qualification as a RIC. Failure to satisfy either test would jeopardize
the Funds’ status as a RIC. Loss of such status could materially adversely affect the Funds.
The Funds or some of the REITs in which the Funds may invest may be permitted to hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMIC”s). Under
Treasury Regulations not yet issued, but that may apply retroactively, a portion of the Funds’ income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject
to federal income tax in all events. These regulations are expected to provide that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as the Funds, will be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by shareholders, with
the same consequences as if shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest directly.
In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift
institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan, or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated
business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and that otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a
non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax.
If at any time during any taxable year a “disqualified organization” (as defined in the Code) is a record holder of a share in a RIC, then the RIC will be subject to a tax
equal to that portion of its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to the disqualified organization, multiplied by the highest federal income tax rate imposed on corporations. It is not expected that a substantial
portion of the Funds’ assets will be residual interests in REMICs. Additionally, the Funds do not intend to invest in REITs in which a substantial portion of the assets will consist of residual interests in REMICs.
Distributions from the Funds’ net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, if any, and distributions of income from securities lending, are taxable as
ordinary income. Distributions reinvested in additional Shares of the Funds through the means of a dividend reinvestment service will be taxable dividends to Shareholders acquiring such additional Shares to the same extent as if such dividends
had been received in cash. Distributions of net long-term capital gains, if any, in excess of net short-term capital losses are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long shareholders have held the Shares.
The Funds’ net realized capital gains from securities transactions will be distributed only after reducing such gains by the amount of any available capital loss
carryforwards. Capital losses may be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss. Capital loss carryforwards are available to offset future realized capital gains. To the extent that these carryforwards are used
to offset future capital gains, it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders.
Dividends declared by the Funds in October, November, or December and paid to shareholders of record of such months during the following January may be treated as having
been received by such shareholders in the year the distributions were declared.
Long-term capital gains tax of non-corporate taxpayers are generally taxed at a maximum rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the taxpayer’s income exceeds
certain threshold amounts. In addition, some ordinary dividends declared and paid by the Funds to non-corporate shareholders may qualify for taxation at the lower reduced tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided that holding
period and other requirements are met by the Funds and the shareholder. The Funds will report to shareholders annually the amounts of dividends received from ordinary income, the amount of distributions received from capital gains and the
portion of dividends which may qualify for the dividends received deduction. In addition, the Funds will report the amount of dividends to non-corporate shareholders eligible for taxation at the lower reduced tax rates applicable to long-term
capital gains.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Funds and net
gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates, and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the
case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
The sale, exchange, or redemption of Shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Shares will be treated as
long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. A loss realized on a sale or exchange of
Shares of the Funds may be disallowed if other substantially identical Shares are acquired (whether through the automatic reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a sixty-one (61) day period beginning thirty (30) days before and ending
thirty (30) days after the date on which the Shares are disposed. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired must be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Shares held for six (6) months or less is
treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received by the shareholders (including undistributed capital gain included in income). Distribution of ordinary income and capital gains may also be subject to state
and local taxes.
Legislation passed by Congress requires reporting to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B not only the gross proceeds of Fund shares you sell or redeem but also their
cost basis. Shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections with respect to their accounts.
If, for any calendar year, the total distributions made exceed the Funds’ current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will, for federal income tax purposes,
be treated as a tax-free return of capital to each shareholder up to the amount of the shareholder's basis in his or her shares, and thereafter as gain from the sale of shares. The amount treated as a tax-free return of capital will reduce the
shareholder's adjusted basis in his or her shares, thereby increasing his or her potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the subsequent sale of his or her shares.
Distributions of ordinary income paid to shareholders who are nonresident aliens or foreign entities (“Foreign Shareholders”) that are not effectively connected to the
conduct of a trade or business within the U.S. will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax unless a reduced rate of withholding or a withholding exemption is provided under applicable treaty law. However, Foreign Shareholders will
generally not be subject to U.S. withholding or income tax on gains realized on the sale of Shares or on dividends from capital gains unless (i) such gain or capital gain dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business
within the U.S., or (ii) in the case of a non-corporate shareholder, the shareholder is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or capital gain dividend and certain other conditions
are met. Gains on the sale of Shares and dividends that are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the U.S. will generally be subject to U.S. federal net income taxation at regular income tax rates.
Under an exemption recently made permanent by Congress, the Funds are not required to withhold any amounts with respect to distributions to foreign shareholders that are
properly designated by the Funds as “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends,” provided that the income would not be subject to federal income tax if earned directly by the foreign shareholder. However, the Funds may
withhold tax on these amounts regardless of the fact that it is not required to do so. Nonresident shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the U.S. withholding tax.
Under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (“FIRPTA”), a Foreign Shareholder is subject to withholding tax in respect of a disposition of a U.S. real
property interest and any gain from such disposition is subject to U.S. federal income tax as if such person were a U.S. person. Such gain is sometimes referred to as “FIRPTA gain.” If the Funds are a “U.S. real property holding corporation”
and is not domestically controlled, any gain realized on the sale or exchange of Fund shares by a Foreign Shareholder that owns at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of disposition more than 5% of a class of Fund shares
would be FIRPTA gain. The Funds will be a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if, in general, 50% or more of the fair market value of its assets consists of U.S. real property interests, including stock of certain U.S. REITs.
The Code provides a look-through rule for distributions of FIRPTA gain by a RIC if all of the following requirements are met: (i) the RIC is classified as a “qualified
investment entity” (which includes a RIC if, in general more than 50% of the RIC’s assets consists of interest in REITs and U.S. real property holding corporations); and (ii) you are a Foreign Shareholder that owns more than 5% of the Funds
shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. If these conditions are met, Fund distributions to you to the extent derived from gain from the disposition of a U.S. real property interest, may also be
treated as FIRPTA gain and therefore subject to U.S. federal income tax, and requiring that you file a nonresident U.S. income tax return. Also, such gain may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a Foreign Shareholder that is
a corporation. Even if a Foreign Shareholder does not own more than 5% of the Funds’ shares, Fund distributions that are attributable to gain from the sale or disposition of a U.S. real property interest will be taxable as ordinary dividends
subject to withholding at a 30% or lower treaty rate.
Withholding is required (at a 30% rate) with respect to payments of taxable dividends and (effective January 1, 2019) redemption proceeds and certain capital gain
dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts.
Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Funds to enable the applicable withholding agent to determine whether withholding is required.
Non-U.S. Shareholders may also be subject to U.S. estate tax with respect to their shares of the Funds.
Some shareholders may be subject to a withholding tax on distributions of ordinary income, capital gains and any cash received on redemption of Creation Units (“backup
withholding”). Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be those for whom no certified taxpayer identification number is on file with the Funds or who, to the Funds’ knowledge, have furnished an incorrect number. When
establishing an account, an investor must certify under penalty of perjury that such number is correct and that such investor is not otherwise subject to backup withholding.
The foregoing discussion is a summary only and is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Purchasers of Shares should consult their own tax advisors as to
the tax consequences of investing in such Shares, including under federal, state, local, and other tax laws. Finally, the foregoing discussion is based on applicable provisions of the Code, regulations, judicial authority, and administrative
interpretations in effect on the date hereof. Changes in applicable authority could materially affect the conclusions discussed above, possibly retroactively.
The Funds are required for federal income tax purposes to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain
futures contracts as of the end of the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Gain or loss from futures and options contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked to market will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term
capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Funds may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of
any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Funds.
In order for the Funds to continue to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a RIC, at least 90% of its gross income for a taxable year must be derived from
qualifying income, i.e., dividends, interest, income derived from loans or securities, gains from the sale of securities or of foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to the relevant Funds’ business of investing in securities
(including net income derived from an interest in certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships”). It is anticipated that any net gain realized from the closing out of futures or options contracts will be considered gain from the sale of
securities or derived with respect to the Funds’ business of investing in securities and therefore will be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement.
DETERMINATION OF NAV
Valuation of Shares. The NAV for the Funds is generally calculated as of the close of regular trading hours on the Exchange (currently 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each business day the Exchange is open. Valuation of securities held by the Funds is as
follows:
Equity Investments. Equity securities traded on a recognized securities exchange (e.g., NYSE), on separate trading boards of
a securities exchange or through a market system that provides contemporaneous transaction pricing information are valued using information obtained via independent pricing services, generally the closing price on the Exchange on which the
security is primarily listed, or if the Exchange closing price is not available, the last traded price on the Exchange prior to the
time as of which the Funds’ assets or liabilities are valued. However, under certain circumstances, other means of determining current market value may be used. If an equity security is traded on more than one exchange, the current market value of the security where it is primarily traded generally will be used. In the event that there are no sales involving an equity security held by the Funds on a
day on which the Funds value such security, the prior day’s price will be used, unless, in accordance with valuation procedures approved by the Board (the “Valuation Procedures”), the
portfolio manager determines in good faith that such prior day’s price no longer reflects the fair value of the security, in which case such asset would be treated as a Fair Value Asset (as
defined below).
Fixed Income Investments. In accordance with the Valuation Procedures, fixed income securities for which market quotations
are readily available are generally valued using such securities’ most recent bid prices provided directly from one or more broker-dealers, market makers, or independent third-party pricing
services, each of which may use matrix pricing and valuation models, as well as recent market transactions for the same or similar assets to derive values. The amortized cost method of valuation may be used with respect to debt obligations with
60 days or less remaining to maturity unless the portfolio manager determines in good faith that such method does not represent fair value. Loan participation notes are generally valued at the mean of the last available bid prices from one or
more brokers or dealers as obtained from independent third-party pricing services. Certain fixed income investments, including asset-backed and mortgage-related securities, may be valued based on valuation models that consider the estimated
cash flows of each tranche of the entity, establish a benchmark yield and develop an estimated tranche-specific spread to the benchmark yield based on the unique attributes of the tranche. Fixed income securities for which market quotations are
not readily available may be valued by third-party pricing services that make a valuation determination by securing transaction data (e.g., recent representative bids), credit quality information, perceived market movements, news, and other
relevant information and by other methods, which may include consideration of yields or prices of securities of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, and type, indications as to values from dealers, and general market conditions.
Options, Futures, Swaps and Other Derivatives. Exchange-traded equity options for which market quotations are readily
available are valued at the mean of the last bid and ask prices as quoted on the Exchange or the board of trade on which such options are traded. In the event that there is no mean price available for an exchange traded equity option held by
the Funds on a day on which the Funds value such option, the last bid (long positions) or ask (short positions) price, if available, will be used as the value of such option. If no such bid or ask price is available on a day on which the Funds
value such option, the prior day’s price will be used, unless the Funds determine in good faith that such prior day’s price no longer
reflects the fair value of the option, in which case such option will be treated as a Fair Value Asset (as defined below). OTC derivatives may be valued using a mathematical model which may incorporate a number of market data factors. Financial
futures contracts and options thereon, which are traded on exchanges, are valued at their settle price as of the close of such exchanges. Swap agreements and other derivatives are generally valued daily based upon quotations from market makers
or by a pricing service in accordance with the Valuation Procedures.
Underlying Funds. Shares of underlying ETFs will be valued at their most recent closing price on an Exchange. Shares of
underlying mutual funds will be valued at their NAV.
General Valuation Information. In determining the market value of portfolio investments, the Funds may employ independent
third-party pricing services, which may use, without limitation, a matrix or formula method that takes into consideration market indexes, matrices, yield curves, and other specific adjustments. This may result in the securities being valued at
a price different from the price that would have been determined had the matrix or formula method not been used. All cash, receivables and current payables are carried on the Funds’ books at their face value.
Prices obtained from independent third-party pricing services, broker-dealers or market makers to value the Funds’ securities and other assets and liabilities are based on
information available at the time the Funds value their assets and liabilities. In the event that a pricing service quotation is revised or updated subsequent to the day on which the Funds valued such security or other asset or liability, the
revised pricing service quotation generally will be applied prospectively. Such determination will be made considering pertinent facts and circumstances surrounding the revision.
Certain types of securities, including many fixed income securities, trade infrequently and there may be no current market transactions or recent representative bids for
such securities. To the extent that prices for such securities are not reflective of current market transactions or recent representative bids, the Funds will value such securities in good faith in accordance with the Valuation Procedures.
In the event that application of the methods of valuation discussed above result in a price for a security which is deemed not to be representative of the fair market
value of such security, the security will be valued by, under the direction of or in accordance with a method specified by the Board as reflecting fair value. All other assets and liabilities (including securities for which market quotations
are not readily available) held by the Funds (including restricted securities) are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the fair value designee pursuant to the Valuation Procedures. Any assets and liabilities which are
denominated in a foreign currency are converted into U.S. dollars using prevailing market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more data service providers.
Certain of the securities acquired by the Funds may be traded on foreign exchanges or OTC markets on days on which the Funds’ NAV is not calculated. In such cases, the NAV
of the Funds’ shares may be significantly affected on days when investors can neither purchase nor redeem shares of the Funds.
Fair Value. When market quotations are not readily available or are believed in good faith by the fair value designee to be unreliable, the Funds’ investments are valued
at fair value (“Fair Value Assets”). Fair Value Assets are valued by the fair value designee in accordance with the Valuation
Procedures. A fair value designee may reasonably conclude that a market quotation is not readily available or is unreliable if, among other things, a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source due to its lack of trading,
if a fair value designee believes in good faith that a market quotation from a broker-dealer or other source is unreliable (e.g., where it varies significantly from a recent trade, or no longer reflects the fair value of the security or other
asset or liability subsequent to the most recent market quotation), where the security or other asset or liability is only thinly traded or due to the occurrence of a significant event subsequent to the most recent market quotation. For this
purpose, a “significant event” is deemed to occur if a fair value designee determines, in its reasonable business judgment, that an
event has occurred after the close of trading for an asset or liability but prior to or at the time of pricing the Funds’ assets or liabilities, and that the event is likely to cause a material change to the closing market price of the assets
or liabilities held by the Funds. Non-U.S. securities whose values are affected by volatility that occurs in U.S. markets for related or highly correlated assets (e.g., American Depositary Receipts, Global Depositary Receipts or ETFs) on a
trading day after the close of non-U.S. securities markets may be fair valued. On any day the Exchange is open and a foreign market or the primary exchange on which a foreign asset or
liability is traded is closed, such asset or liability will be valued using the prior day's price, provided that a fair value designee is not aware of any significant event or other information that would cause such price to no longer reflect
the fair value of the asset or liability, in which case such asset or liability would be treated as a Fair Value Asset.
In addition, the Funds’ accounting agent periodically endeavors to confirm the prices it receives from all third-party pricing services, index providers, and
broker-dealers, and, with the assistance of a fair value designee, to regularly evaluate the values assigned to the securities and other assets and liabilities held by the Funds.
When determining the price for a Fair Value Asset, the fair value designee will seek to determine the price that the Funds might reasonably expect to receive upon the
current sale of that asset or liability in an arm's-length transaction on the date on which the assets or liabilities are being valued, and does not seek to determine the price that the Funds might expect to receive for selling the asset, or
the cost of extinguishing a liability, at a later time or if it holds the asset or liability to maturity. Fair value determinations will be based upon all available factors that the fair value designee deems relevant at the time of the
determination and may be based on analytical values determined by the Trust using proprietary or third-party valuation models.
Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of an asset or liability. When determining the fair value of an asset, one or more of a variety of fair
valuation methodologies may be used (depending on certain factors, including the asset type). For example, the asset may be priced on the basis of the original cost of the investment or, alternatively, using proprietary or third-party models
(including models that rely upon direct portfolio management pricing inputs and which reflect the significance attributed to the various factors and assumptions being considered). Prices of actual, executed, or historical transactions in the
relevant asset and/or liability (or related or comparable assets and/or liabilities) or, where appropriate, an appraisal by a third-party experienced in the valuation of similar assets and/or liabilities, may also be used as a basis for
establishing the fair value of an asset or liability. The fair value of one or more assets or liabilities may not, in retrospect, be the price at which those assets or liabilities could have been sold during the period in which the particular
fair values were used in determining the Funds’ NAV. As a result, the Funds’ sale or redemption of its shares at NAV, at a time when a holding or holdings are valued at fair value, may have the effect of diluting or increasing the economic
interest of existing shareholders.
The Funds’ annual audited financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP"),
follow the requirements for valuation set forth in Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures" ("ASC 820"), which defines and establishes a framework for measuring
fair value under US GAAP and expands financial statement disclosure requirements relating to fair value measurements. Generally, ASC 820 and other accounting rules applicable to funds and various assets in which they invest are evolving. Such
changes may adversely affect the Funds. For example, the evolution of rules governing the determination of the fair market value of assets or liabilities to the extent such rules become more stringent would tend to increase the cost and/or
reduce the availability of third-party determinations of fair market value. This may in turn increase the costs associated with selling assets or affect their liquidity due to the Funds’ inability to obtain a third-party determination of fair
market value.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
General Policies. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are declared and paid on a quarterly basis for the Funds. Distributions of net realized securities gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent
basis. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Funds as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on
undistributed income.
Dividends and other distributions on Fund Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made
through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the relevant Fund.
Dividend Reinvestment Service. No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC
book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Funds for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the
details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Because the Funds commenced operations on or following the date of this SAI, there are no financial statements for the Funds. You may request a copy of the Funds’ Annual
and Semi-Annual reports, once available, at no charge by calling the Funds at 1-800-773-3863.
APPENDIX A
Proxy Voting Procedures
The following proxy voting policies are provided:
(1)
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The Advisors’ Proxy Voting and Disclosure Policy, including a detailed description of the Advisors’ specific proxy voting guidelines.
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Obra Fund Management, LLC
Proxy Voting Policy
Due to the nature of Obra’s investment programs and the types of investments made on behalf of Clients, Obra is rarely requested to vote proxies of traditional operating
companies. Instead, Obra, on rare occasions, receives requests related to amendments, consents, and/or resolutions as a result of its managed investments.
Obra will vote proxy proposals, amendments, consents, and/or resolutions (collectively, “proxies”) in a manner that serves the best interests of its Clients in accordance
with its fiduciary duty. Obra has adopted the following proxy voting procedures designed to ensure that proxies are properly identified and voted, and that any conflicts of interest are addressed appropriately:
When Obra has Voting Authority
When Obra has voting authority, it will consider whether it is subject to any material conflict of interest in connection with each proxy vote. Supervised Persons must
notify the Compliance Department if they are aware of any potential material conflict of interest associated with a proxy vote. If the Compliance Department and/or Obra detect a material conflict of interest in connection with a proxy
solicitation, the Compliance Department will convene a meeting with representatives of the Client, such as an Advisory Committee of a Fund. The vote under consideration and the perceived conflict of interest will be discussed and
representatives of the Client will reach a consensus and make a decision regarding the proxy vote. The Compliance Department will ensure that Obra records the decision and Obra will then vote the proxy according to the consensus decision.
If Obra has authority to vote and no material conflict of interest is identified, Obra will vote proxies in a manner that it believes maximizes the value of Clients’
investments. In so doing, Obra may take into consideration recommendations made by third-parties, such as attorneys and independent actuaries. The Compliance Department will ensure that Obra records the basis for each of its voting decisions.
Obra will not neglect its proxy voting responsibilities, but the Company may abstain from voting if it deems that abstinence is in its Clients’ best interests or if the
proxy matter is a more ministerial or administrative matter that would not have a material impact on the Client’s portfolio. If facts and circumstances support additional consideration and/or review, the Compliance Department will ensure that
documentation, such as meeting minutes, a separate memorandum, or an action log is maintained that describes the rationale for any instance in which Obra does not vote a Client’s proxy.
In addition, if class action documents are received by Obra on behalf of its Clients, Obra will ensure that the Clients either participate in, or opt out of, any class
action settlements received. Obra will determine if it is in the best interest of the Client to participate in and/or recover monies from a class action. The Compliance Department will determine any action to be taken when receiving class
action notices. In the event Obra opts out of a class action settlement, Obra will maintain documentation of any cost/benefit analysis that it conducted, if deemed necessary, to support its position.
When Clients Retain Voting Authority
When a Client has retained voting authority but has instructed Obra to vote on its behalf and no material conflict of interest is identified, Obra will vote proxies in a
manner that they believe maximizes the value of Clients’ investments. The Compliance Department will ensure that Obra documents and abides by any specific proxy voting instructions conveyed by a Client with respect to that Client’s assets. When
a Client has retained voting authority and Obra inadvertently receives any proxy materials on behalf of a Client, the Company will forward such materials to the Client.
When OIC has Voting Authority
Bonds
Corporate action notifications are received from the custodians via e-mail or fax. The issue is added to OIC's Reorg-Corporate Action (RCA) report. A request for a
response is e-mailed to the PM's, the analyst covering the company, and OIC back office.
A Security Cross Reference report is run in Advent to check which portfolios are affected. The stated amounts owned on the notifications from the custodians are verified
with the cross-reference report as they are received to make sure they match. If the corporate action is a mandatory event (partial or full call) or a mandatory event with options (144A exchange) an affirmative response is automatically sent
out on or before the deadline date. If the corporate action is a voluntary event, the paperwork is forwarded to the PM's and the analyst for review and assessment on how to respond.
Responses for all portfolios are sent out to the respective custodians on the earliest deadline date via fax, e-mail or online. When responding to the custodians, the date
and time is recorded on the RCA report, the issue is checked off on the Security Cross Reference report and all confirmations are attached; the packet is then filed for future reference by date.
Loans
Daily, e-mails are checked via Intralinks, SyndTrak and DebtDomain for stories and alerts posted for amendments on loans Clients own. When one is found OIC will log into
whichever system the loan is on and go to the company involved. We then download and print the notice/memo and signature pages and e-mail them to the PMs and the analyst covering that company. They review and assess the documents to decide
whether we want to participate in the amendment or not.
If we choose not to participate in the amendment, we attach the e-mail stating that to the documents and put it in the folder with the re-pricing notices. If we do choose
to participate, the documents are signed and faxed, e-mailed, or mailed overnight to the designated person. The completed documents are stored in the folder with the re-pricing notices. We have also registered with LendAmend, a service
through SyndTrak, that allows us to respond electronically to any loan corporate actions that are on the LendAmend platform.
Once we are a participant in an amendment, notices will be received from the agent bank when the amendment has been completed. We then make the appropriate changes in the
database (i.e., adding a new issue), enter all interest and processing/consent fees and perform a corporate action in our system to link the issues together for performance purposes. At this point, the revised Credit Agreement is available for
download.
Recordkeeping
Paragraph (c)(ii) of Rule 204-2 under the Advisers Act requires Obra to maintain certain books and records associated with its proxy voting policies and procedures. Obra’s
recordkeeping obligations are described in the Maintenance of Books and Records section of this Manual. The Compliance Department will ensure that Obra complies with all applicable recordkeeping
requirements associated with proxy voting.
Disclosures to Clients and Investors
Obra includes a description of its policies and procedures regarding proxy voting in the Funds’ PPMs and Part 2A of Form ADV, along with a statement that Investors can
contact the Compliance Department to obtain a copy of these policies and procedures and information about how Obra voted with respect to the Client’s assets.
Any request for information about proxy voting should be promptly forwarded to the Compliance Department, who will respond to any such requests.
As a matter of general policy, Obra does not disclose how it expects to vote on upcoming proxies. Additionally, Obra does not disclose the way it voted proxies to
unaffiliated third parties without a legitimate need to know such information.