Note 1 – General, Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

General

Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, references in this report to “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms refer to Williams Partners L.P. and its subsidiaries. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, references to “we,” “our,” and “us” include the operations in which we own interests accounted for as equity-method investments that are not consolidated in our financial statements. When we refer to our equity investees by name, we are referring exclusively to their businesses and operations.

We are a Delaware limited partnership whose common units are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange. WPZ GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company wholly owned by The Williams Companies, Inc. (Williams), serves as our general partner. Williams owns an approximate 58 percent limited partner interest, a 2 percent general partner interest, and incentive distribution rights (IDRs) in us. Our operations are located in the United States and Canada.

Public Unit Exchange

On May 12, 2015, we entered into an agreement for a unit-for-stock transaction whereby Williams would have acquired all of our publicly held outstanding common units in exchange for shares of Williams’ common stock (Public Unit Exchange).

On September 28, 2015, we entered into a Termination Agreement and Release (Termination Agreement), terminating the Public Unit Exchange. Under the terms of the Termination Agreement, Williams is required to pay us a $428 million termination fee, which will settle through a reduction of quarterly incentive distributions payable to Williams (such reduction not to exceed $209 million per quarter). Our November 2015 and February 2016 distributions to Williams were each reduced by $209 million related to this termination fee.

Williams’ Merger Agreement with Energy Transfer

On September 28, 2015, Williams publicly announced in a press release that it had entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement) with Energy Transfer Equity, L.P. (Energy Transfer) and certain of its affiliates. The Merger Agreement provides that, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, Williams will be merged with and into the newly formed Energy Transfer Corp LP (ETC) (ETC Merger), with ETC surviving the ETC Merger. Energy Transfer formed ETC as a limited partnership that will be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Immediately following the completion of the ETC Merger, ETC will contribute to Energy Transfer all of the assets and liabilities of Williams in exchange for the issuance by Energy Transfer to ETC of a number of Energy Transfer Class E common units equal to the number of ETC common shares issued to Williams stockholders in the ETC Merger. We expect to retain our current name and remain a publicly traded limited partnership following the ETC Merger.

ACMP Merger

Pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 24, 2014, the general partners of Williams Partners L.P. and Access Midstream Partners, L.P. agreed to combine those businesses and their general partners, with Williams Partners L.P. merging with and into Access Midstream Partners, L.P. and the Access Midstream Partners, L.P. general partner being the surviving general partner (ACMP Merger). Following the completion of the ACMP Merger on February 2, 2015, as further described below, the surviving Access Midstream Partners, L.P. changed its name to Williams Partners L.P. and the name of its general partner was changed to WPZ GP LLC. For the purpose of these financial statements and notes, Williams Partners L.P. (WPZ) refers to the renamed merged partnership, while Pre-merger Access Midstream Partners, L.P. (ACMP) and Pre-merger Williams Partners L.P. (Pre-merger WPZ) refer to the separate partnerships prior to the consummation of the ACMP Merger and subsequent name change.

In accordance with the terms of the ACMP Merger, each ACMP unitholder received 1.06152 ACMP units for each ACMP unit owned immediately prior to the ACMP Merger. Following this pre-merger split ACMP had 202,564,354 common units and 13,725,843 Class B units outstanding. In conjunction with the ACMP Merger, each Pre-merger WPZ common unit held by the public was exchanged for 0.86672 common units of ACMP. Each Pre-merger WPZ common unit held by Williams was exchanged for 0.80036 common units of ACMP. Prior to the closing of the ACMP Merger, the Class D limited partner units of Pre-merger WPZ, all of which were held by Williams, were converted into Pre-merger WPZ common units on a one-for-one basis pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement of Pre-merger WPZ. All of the general partner interests of Pre-merger WPZ were converted into general partner interests of ACMP such that the general partner interest of ACMP represents 2 percent of the outstanding partnership interest.

Description of Business

Our operations are located in North America. Effective January 1, 2016, businesses located in the Marcellus and Utica shale plays within the former Access Midstream segment are now managed, and thus presented, within the Northeast G&P segment. The remaining Access Midstream businesses are now presented as the Central segment. As a result, beginning with the reporting of first quarter 2016, our operations are organized into the following reportable segments: Central, Northeast G&P, Atlantic-Gulf, West, and NGL & Petchem Services. Prior period segment disclosures have been recast for these segment changes.

Central provides domestic gathering, treating, and compression services to producers under long-term, fixed-fee contracts. Its primary operating areas are in the Barnett Shale region of north-central Texas, the Eagle Ford Shale region of south Texas, the Haynesville Shale region of northwest Louisiana, and the Mid-Continent region which includes the Anadarko, Arkoma, Delaware, and Permian basins. Central also includes a 50 percent equity-method investment in the Delaware basin gas gathering system in the Mid-Continent region.

Northeast G&P is comprised of our midstream gathering and processing businesses in the Marcellus Shale region primarily in Pennsylvania, New York, and West Virginia and the Utica Shale region of eastern Ohio, as well as a 62 percent equity-method investment in Utica East Ohio Midstream, LLC (UEOM), a 69 percent equity-method investment in Laurel Mountain Midstream, LLC (Laurel Mountain), a 58 percent equity-method investment in Caiman Energy II, LLC (Caiman II), and Appalachia Midstream Services, LLC, which owns equity-method investments with an approximate average 45 percent interest in multiple gathering systems in the Marcellus Shale (Appalachia Midstream Investments).

Atlantic-Gulf is comprised of our interstate natural gas pipeline, Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC (Transco), and significant natural gas gathering and processing and crude oil production handling and transportation assets in the Gulf Coast region, including a 51 percent interest in Gulfstar One LLC (Gulfstar One) (a consolidated entity), which is a proprietary floating production system, as well as a 50 percent equity-method investment in Gulfstream Natural Gas System, L.L.C. (Gulfstream), a 41 percent interest in Constitution Pipeline Company, LLC (Constitution) (a consolidated entity), which is under development, and a 60 percent equity-method investment in Discovery Producer Services LLC (Discovery).

West is comprised of our gathering, processing, and treating operations in New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming and our interstate natural gas pipeline, Northwest Pipeline LLC (Northwest Pipeline). Effective during the first quarter of 2015, the operations of the Niobrara Shale region that were formerly within the Access Midstream segment were transferred into the West reportable segment.

NGL & Petchem Services is comprised of our 88.5 percent undivided interest in an olefins production facility in Geismar, Louisiana, along with a refinery grade propylene splitter and pipelines in the Gulf Coast region, an oil sands offgas processing plant located near Fort McMurray, Alberta, and a natural gas liquid (NGL)/olefin fractionation facility and butylene/butane splitter facility at Redwater, Alberta. This segment also includes our NGL and natural gas marketing business, storage facilities, and an undivided 50 percent interest in an NGL fractionator near Conway, Kansas, and a 50 percent equity-method investment in Overland Pass Pipeline, LLC (OPPL).

Basis of Presentation

Prior to the ACMP Merger, Williams owned certain limited partnership interests in both Pre-merger WPZ and ACMP, as well as 100 percent of the general partners of both partnerships. Due to the ownership of the general partners, Williams controlled both partnerships. Williams’ control of Pre-merger WPZ began with its inception in 2005, while control of ACMP was achieved upon obtaining an additional 50 percent interest in its general partner effective July 1, 2014. Williams previously acquired 50 percent of the ACMP general partner in a separate transaction in 2012.

ACMP Merger

The ACMP Merger has been accounted for as a combination between entities under common control, with Pre-merger WPZ representing the predecessor entity. As such, the accompanying financial statements represent a continuation of Pre-merger WPZ, the accounting acquirer, except for certain adjustments to give effect to the exchange ratio applied to Pre-merger WPZ’s historically outstanding units. Because the ACMP Merger was between entities under common control, it was treated similar to a pooling of interests whereby the historical results of operations for ACMP were combined with those of Pre-merger WPZ for periods under common control (periods subsequent to July 1, 2014) and the net assets of ACMP were combined at Williams’ historical basis. (See Note 2 – Acquisitions.)

Historical earnings of ACMP prior to the ACMP Merger have been presented herein as allocated to either the capital account of the general partner for interests owned by Williams or to noncontrolling interests for interests held by the public. Thus, there was no change in the total amount of historical earnings attributable to common unitholders. In conjunction with the ACMP Merger, the partners’ equity interests in ACMP have been reclassified out of the capital account of the general partner for interests owned by Williams and noncontrolling interests for interests held by the public and into the capital accounts of common and Class B interests as a Contributions from the Williams Companies, Inc. - net within the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.

Canada Acquisition

In February 2014, Pre-merger WPZ acquired certain Canadian operations from Williams (Canada Acquisition) for total consideration of $56 million of cash (including a $31 million post-closing adjustment paid in the second quarter of 2014), 25,577,521 Pre-merger WPZ Class D limited-partner units, and an increase in the capital account of our general partner to allow it to maintain its 2 percent general partner interest. In lieu of cash distributions, the Class D units received quarterly distributions of additional paid-in-kind Class D units. This common control acquisition was treated similar to a pooling of interests whereby the historical results of operations were combined with ours for all periods presented and the acquired assets and liabilities were combined with ours at their historical amounts. These Canadian operations are reported in our NGL & Petchem Services segment.

In October 2014, a purchase price adjustment was finalized whereby Pre-merger WPZ received $56 million in cash from Williams in the fourth quarter of 2014 and Williams waived $2 million in payments on its IDRs with respect to Pre-merger WPZ’s November 2014 distribution.

The Canadian operations previously participated in Williams’ cash management program under a credit agreement with Williams. Net changes in amounts due to/from Williams prior to the Canada Acquisition, along with the cash consideration paid for the Canada Acquisition, are reflected within Contributions from the Williams Companies, Inc. - net within the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.

Other

In the first quarter of 2013, Pre-merger WPZ received $25 million in cash from Williams and Williams waived $4 million in payments on its IDRs with respect to Pre-merger WPZ’s May 2013 distribution related to a working capital adjustment associated with a 2012 acquisition.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all entities that we control and our proportionate interest in the accounts of certain ventures in which we own an undivided interest. Management’s judgment is required to evaluate whether we control an entity. Key areas of that evaluation include:


•	Determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity (VIE);


•	Determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE, including evaluating which activities of the VIE most significantly impact its economic performance and the degree of power that we and our related parties have over those activities through our variable interests;


•	Identifying events that require reconsideration of whether an entity is a VIE and continuously evaluating whether we are a VIE’s primary beneficiary;


•	Evaluating whether other owners in entities that are not VIEs are able to effectively participate in significant decisions that would be expected to be made in the ordinary course of business such that we do not have the power to control such entities.

We apply the equity method of accounting to investments over which we exercise significant influence but do not control.

Common control transactions

Entities and assets acquired from Williams and its affiliates are accounted for as common control transactions whereby the net assets acquired are combined with ours at their historical amounts. If any cash consideration transferred to Williams in such a transaction exceeds the carrying value of the net assets acquired, the excess is treated as a capital transaction with our general partner, similar to a dividend. If the carrying value of the net assets acquired exceeds any cash consideration transferred and limited partner units are also issued as consideration, then the limited partner units are recorded at an amount equal to the excess of the carrying value of the net assets acquired over any cash consideration transferred. To the extent that such transactions require prior periods to be recast, historical net equity amounts prior to the transaction date are reflected in the account of the general partner or noncontrolling interests, if applicable. Cash consideration up to the carrying value of net assets acquired is presented as an investing activity in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Cash consideration in excess of the carrying value of net assets acquired is presented as a financing activity in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Equity-method investment basis differences

Differences between the cost of our equity-method investments and our underlying equity in the net assets of investees are accounted for as if the investees were consolidated subsidiaries. Equity earnings (losses) in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) includes our allocable share of net income (loss) of investees adjusted for any depreciation and amortization, as applicable, associated with basis differences.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates and assumptions include:


•	Impairment assessments of investments, property, plant, and equipment, goodwill, and other identifiable intangible assets;


•	Litigation-related contingencies;


•	Environmental remediation obligations;


•	Depreciation and/or amortization of equity-method investment basis differences;


•	Asset retirement obligations;


•	Acquisition related purchase price allocations.

These estimates are discussed further throughout these notes.

Regulatory accounting

Transco and Northwest Pipeline are regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). Their rates, which are established by the FERC, are designed to recover the costs of providing the regulated services, and their competitive environment makes it probable that such rates can be charged and collected. Therefore, our management has determined that it is appropriate under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 980, “Regulated Operations”, to account for and report regulatory assets and liabilities related to these operations consistent with the economic effect of the way in which their rates are established. Accounting for these operations that are regulated can differ from the accounting requirements for nonregulated operations. For example, for regulated operations, allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC) represents the estimated cost of debt and equity funds applicable to utility plant in process of construction and is capitalized as a cost of property, plant, and equipment because it constitutes an actual cost of construction under established regulatory practices; nonregulated operations are only allowed to capitalize the cost of debt funds related to construction activities, while a component for equity is prohibited. The components of our regulatory assets and liabilities relate to the effects of deferred taxes on equity funds used during construction, asset retirement obligations, fuel cost differentials, levelized incremental depreciation, negative salvage, and pension and other postretirement benefits. Our current and noncurrent regulatory asset and liability balances for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:



	December 31,
	2015		2014
	(Millions)
Current assets reported within Other current assets	$	84	$	81
Noncurrent assets reported within Regulatory assets, deferred charges, and other	305		289
Total regulated assets	$	389	$	370

Current liabilities reported within Other accrued liabilities	$	4	$	11
Noncurrent liabilities reported within Regulatory liabilities, deferred income, and other	409		349
Total regulated liabilities	$	413	$	360

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheet includes amounts primarily invested in funds with high-quality, short-term securities and instruments that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government. These have maturity dates of three months or less when acquired.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable are carried on a gross basis, with no discounting, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. We estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts based on existing economic conditions, the financial condition of our customers, and the amount and age of past due accounts. We consider receivables past due if full payment is not received by the contractual due date. Interest income related to past due accounts receivable is generally recognized at the time full payment is received or collectability is assured. Past due accounts are generally written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts only after all collection attempts have been exhausted.

Inventory valuation

All Inventories in the Consolidated Balance Sheet are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of inventories is primarily determined using the average-cost method.

Property, plant, and equipment

Property, plant, and equipment is recorded at cost. We base the carrying value of these assets on estimates, assumptions, and judgments relative to capitalized costs, useful lives, and salvage values.

As regulated entities, Northwest Pipeline and Transco provide for depreciation using the straight-line method at FERC-prescribed rates. Depreciation for nonregulated entities is provided primarily on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives, except for certain offshore facilities that apply an accelerated depreciation method.

Gains or losses from the ordinary sale or retirement of property, plant, and equipment for regulated pipelines are credited or charged to accumulated depreciation. Other gains or losses are recorded in Other (income) expense – net included in Operating income in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Ordinary maintenance and repair costs are generally expensed as incurred. Costs of major renewals and replacements are capitalized as property, plant, and equipment.

We record a liability and increase the basis in the underlying asset for the present value of each expected future asset retirement obligation (ARO) at the time the liability is initially incurred, typically when the asset is acquired or constructed. As regulated entities, Northwest Pipeline and Transco offset the depreciation of the underlying asset that is attributable to capitalized ARO cost to a regulatory asset as management expects to recover these amounts in future rates. We measure changes in the liability due to passage of time by applying an interest rate to the liability balance. This amount is recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as a corresponding accretion expense included in Operating and maintenance expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss), except for regulated entities, for which the liability is offset by a regulatory asset. The regulatory asset is amortized commensurate with the collection of those costs in rates.

Measurements of AROs include, as a component of future expected costs, an estimate of the price that a third party would demand, and could expect to receive, for bearing the uncertainties inherent in the obligations, sometimes referred to as a market-risk premium.

Goodwill

Goodwill in the Consolidated Balance Sheet represents the excess of the consideration, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interest or any previously held equity interest, over the fair value of the net assets acquired. It is not subject to amortization but is evaluated annually as of October 1 for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators are present that would indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. As part of the evaluation, we compare our estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, a computation of the implied fair value of the goodwill is compared with its related carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in the amount of the excess. Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our management’s estimates of fair value.

Other intangible assets

Our identifiable intangible assets are primarily related to gas gathering, processing, and fractionation contractual customer relationships. Our intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period in which these assets contribute to our cash flows. We evaluate these assets for changes in the expected remaining useful lives and would reflect any changes prospectively through amortization over the revised remaining useful life.

Impairment of property, plant, and equipment, other identifiable intangible assets, and investments

We evaluate our property, plant, and equipment and other identifiable intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in our management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. When an indicator of impairment has occurred, we compare our management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the assets to the carrying value of the assets to determine whether an impairment has occurred and we may apply a probability-weighted approach to consider the likelihood of different cash flow assumptions and possible outcomes including selling in the near term or holding for the remaining estimated useful life. If an impairment of the carrying value has occurred, we determine the amount of the impairment recognized in the financial statements by estimating the fair value of the assets and recording a loss for the amount that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value. This evaluation is performed at the lowest level for which separately identifiable cash flows exist.

For assets identified to be disposed of in the future and considered held for sale, we compare the carrying value to the estimated fair value less the cost to sell to determine if recognition of an impairment is required. Until the assets are disposed of, the estimated fair value, which includes estimated cash flows from operations until the assumed date of sale, is recalculated when related events or circumstances change.

We evaluate our investments for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in our management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such investments may have experienced an other-than-temporary decline in value. When evidence of loss in value has occurred, we compare our estimate of fair value of the investment to the carrying value of the investment to determine whether an impairment has occurred. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value and we consider the decline in value to be other-than-temporary, the excess of the carrying value over the fair value is recognized in the consolidated financial statements as an impairment charge.

Judgments and assumptions are inherent in our management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows and an asset’s or investment’s fair value. Additionally, judgment is used to determine the probability of sale with respect to assets considered for disposal.

Contingent liabilities

We record liabilities for estimated loss contingencies, including environmental matters, when we assess that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These liabilities are calculated based upon our assumptions and estimates with respect to the likelihood or amount of loss and upon advice of legal counsel, engineers, or other third parties regarding the probable outcomes of the matters. These calculations are made without consideration of any potential recovery from third parties. We recognize insurance recoveries or reimbursements from others when realizable. Revisions to these liabilities are generally reflected in income when new or different facts or information become known or circumstances change that affect the previous assumptions or estimates.

Cash flows from revolving credit facility and commercial paper program

Proceeds and payments related to borrowings under our credit facility are reflected in the financing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows on a gross basis. Proceeds and payments related to borrowings under our commercial paper program are reflected in the financing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows on a net basis, as the outstanding notes generally have maturity dates less than three months from the date of issuance. (See Note 13 – Debt, Banking Arrangements, and Leases.)

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

We may utilize derivatives to manage a portion of our commodity price risk. These instruments consist primarily of swaps, futures, and forward contracts involving short- and long-term purchases and sales of physical energy commodities. We report the fair value of derivatives, except those for which the normal purchases and normal sales exception has been elected, in Other current assets; Regulatory assets, deferred charges, and other; Other accrued liabilities; or Regulatory liabilities, deferred income, and other in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. We determine the current and noncurrent classification based on the timing of expected future cash flows of individual trades. We report these amounts on a gross basis. Additionally, we report cash collateral receivables and payables with our counterparties on a gross basis. (See Note 16 – Fair Value Measurements, Guarantees, and Concentration of Credit Risk.)

The accounting for the changes in fair value of a commodity derivative can be summarized as follows:



Derivative Treatment		Accounting Method
Normal purchases and normal sales exception		Accrual accounting
Designated in a qualifying hedging relationship		Hedge accounting
All other derivatives		Mark-to-market accounting

We may elect the normal purchases and normal sales exception for certain short- and long-term purchases and sales of physical energy commodities. Under accrual accounting, any change in the fair value of these derivatives is not reflected on the balance sheet after the initial election of the exception.

We may also designate a hedging relationship for certain commodity derivatives. For a derivative to qualify for designation in a hedging relationship, it must meet specific criteria and we must maintain appropriate documentation. We establish hedging relationships pursuant to our risk management policies. We evaluate the hedging relationships at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis to determine whether the hedging relationship is, and is expected to remain, highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows attributable to the underlying risk being hedged. We also regularly assess whether the hedged forecasted transaction is probable of occurring. If a derivative ceases to be or is no longer expected to be highly effective, or if we believe the likelihood of occurrence of the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively, and future changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized currently in Product sales or Product costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

For commodity derivatives designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is reported in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and reclassified into earnings in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. Any ineffective portion of the derivative’s change in fair value is recognized currently in Product sales or Product costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Gains or losses deferred in AOCI associated with terminated derivatives, derivatives that cease to be highly effective hedges, derivatives for which the forecasted transaction is reasonably possible but no longer probable of occurring, and cash flow hedges that have been otherwise discontinued remain in AOCI until the hedged item affects earnings. If it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction designated as the hedged item in a cash flow hedge will not occur, any gain or loss deferred in AOCI is recognized in Product sales or Product costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) at that time. The change in likelihood of a forecasted transaction is a judgmental decision that includes qualitative assessments made by management.

For commodity derivatives that are not designated in a hedging relationship, and for which we have not elected the normal purchases and normal sales exception, we report changes in fair value currently in Product sales or Product costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Certain gains and losses on derivative instruments included in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) are netted together to a single net gain or loss, while other gains and losses are reported on a gross basis. Gains and losses recorded on a net basis include unrealized gains and losses on all derivatives that are not designated as hedges and for which we have not elected the normal purchases and normal sales exception.

Realized gains and losses on derivatives that require physical delivery, as well as natural gas derivatives for NGL processing activities and which are not held for trading purposes nor were entered into as a pre-contemplated buy/sell arrangement, are recorded on a gross basis.

Revenue recognition

Revenues

As a result of the ratemaking process, certain revenues collected by us may be subject to refunds upon the issuance of final orders by the FERC in pending rate proceedings. We record estimates of rate refund liabilities considering our and other third-party regulatory proceedings, advice of counsel, and other risks.

Service revenues

Revenues from our interstate natural gas pipeline businesses include services pursuant to long-term firm transportation and storage agreements. These agreements provide for a reservation charge based on the volume of a contracted capacity and a commodity charge based on the volume of gas delivered, both at rates specified in our FERC tariffs. We recognize revenues for reservation charges ratably over the contract period regardless of the volume of natural gas that is transported or stored. Revenues for commodity charges, from both firm and interruptible transportation services and storage injection and withdrawal services, are recognized when natural gas is delivered at the agreed upon delivery point or when natural gas is injected or withdrawn from the storage facility.

Certain revenues from our midstream operations include those derived from natural gas gathering, processing, treating, and compression services and are performed under volumetric-based fee contracts. These revenues are recorded when services have been performed.

Certain of our gas gathering agreements have minimum volume commitments. If a customer under such an agreement fails to meet its minimum volume commitment for a specified period, generally measured on an annual basis, it is obligated to pay a contractually determined fee based upon the shortfall between actual production volumes and the minimum volume commitment for that period. The revenue associated with minimum volume commitments is recognized in the period that the actual shortfall is determined and is no longer subject to future reduction or offset.

Crude oil gathering and transportation revenues and offshore production handling fees are recognized when the services have been performed. Certain offshore production handling contracts contain fixed payment terms that result in the deferral of revenues until such services have been performed or such capacity has been made available.

Storage revenues from our midstream operations associated with prepaid contracted storage capacity contracts are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the contract as services are provided.

Product sales

In the course of providing transportation services to customers of our interstate natural gas pipeline businesses, we may receive different quantities of gas from shippers than the quantities delivered on behalf of those shippers. The resulting imbalances are primarily settled through the purchase and sale of gas with our customers under terms provided for in our FERC tariffs. Revenue is recognized from the sale of gas upon settlement of the transportation and exchange imbalances.

We market NGLs, crude oil, natural gas, and olefins that we purchase from our producer customers as part of the overall service provided to producers. Revenues from marketing NGLs are recognized when the products have been sold and delivered.

Under our keep-whole and percent-of-liquids processing contracts, we retain the rights to all or a portion of the NGLs extracted from the producers’ natural gas stream and recognize revenues when the extracted NGLs are sold and delivered.

Our domestic olefins business produces olefins from purchased or produced feedstock and we recognize revenues when the olefins are sold and delivered.

Our Canadian business has processing and fractionation operations where we retain certain NGLs and olefins from an upgrader’s offgas stream and we recognize revenues when the fractionated products are sold and delivered.

Interest capitalized

We capitalize interest during construction on major projects with construction periods of at least 3 months and a total project cost in excess of $1 million. Interest is capitalized on borrowed funds and, where regulation by the FERC exists, on internally generated funds (equity AFUDC). The latter is included in Other income (expense) – net below Operating income in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss). The rates used by regulated companies are calculated in accordance with FERC rules. Rates used by nonregulated companies are based on our average interest rate on debt.

Employee equity-based awards

We recognize compensation expense on employee equity-based awards, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight-line basis. (See Note 15 – Equity-Based Compensation.)

Pension and other postretirement benefits

We do not have employees. Certain of the costs charged to us by Williams associated with employees who directly support us include costs related to Williams’ pension and other postretirement benefit plans. (See Note 9 – Benefit Plans.) Although the underlying benefit plans of Williams are single-employer plans, we follow multiemployer plan accounting whereby the amount charged to us, and thus paid by us, is based on our share of net periodic benefit cost.

Income taxes

We generally are not a taxable entity for income tax purposes, with the exception of Texas franchise tax and foreign income taxes associated with our Canadian operations. Other income taxes are generally borne by individual partners. Net income for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income of unitholders as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and the taxable income allocation requirements under our partnership agreement. The aggregated difference in the basis of our net assets for financial and tax reporting purposes cannot be readily determined because information regarding each partner’s tax attributes in us is not available to us.

Foreign deferred income taxes are computed using the liability method and are provided on all temporary differences between the financial basis and the tax basis of the related assets and liabilities. Our management’s judgment and income tax assumptions are used to determine the levels, if any, of valuation allowances associated with deferred tax assets.

Earnings (loss) per common unit

We use the two-class method to calculate basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common unit whereby net income (loss), adjusted for items specifically allocated to our general partner, is allocated on a pro-rata basis between unitholders and our general partner. Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common unit are based on the average number of common units outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per common unit includes any dilutive effect of nonvested restricted common units determined by the treasury-stock method, unless common unitholders are allocated a loss.

Foreign currency translation

Our foreign subsidiaries use the Canadian dollar as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities of such foreign subsidiaries are translated at the spot rate in effect at the applicable reporting date, and the combined statements of comprehensive income (loss) are translated into the U.S. dollar at the average exchange rates in effect during the applicable period. The resulting cumulative translation adjustment is recorded as a separate component of AOCI in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded based on exchange rates at the time such transactions arise. Subsequent changes in exchange rates when the transactions are settled result in transaction gains and losses which are reflected in Other (income) expense – net in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

AOCI is substantially comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments. These adjustments did not impact Net income (loss) in any of the periods presented.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” (ASU 2016-02). ASU 2016-02 establishes a comprehensive new lease accounting model. The new standard clarifies the definition of a lease, requires a dual approach to lease classification similar to current lease classifications, and causes lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet as a lease liability with a corresponding right-of-use asset for leases with a lease term of more than twelve months. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The new standard requires a modified retrospective transition for capital or operating leases existing at or entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, but it does not require transition accounting for leases that expire prior to the date of initial application. We are evaluating the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (ASU 2016-01). ASU 2016-01 addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is only permitted for certain applications. We are evaluating the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and our timing for adoption.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16 “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments” (ASU 2015-16). ASU 2015-16 requires an entity to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined; record, in the same period’s financial statements, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date; and present separately on the face of the income statement or disclose in the notes the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings by line item that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. We do not expect the new standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11 “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” (ASU 2015-11). ASU 2015-11 simplifies the guidance on the subsequent measurement of inventory, excluding inventory measured using last-in, first-out or the retail inventory method. Under the new standard, in scope inventory should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We measure inventory at the lower of cost or market; upon adoption, we will measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. We do not expect the new standard will have a material impact on the value of inventory reported in our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02 “Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis” (ASU 2015-02). ASU 2015-02 alters the models used to determine consolidation conclusions for certain entities, including limited partnerships, and may require additional disclosures. The standard is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with either retrospective or modified retrospective presentation allowed. We do not expect the new standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 establishing ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (ASC 606). ASC 606 establishes a comprehensive new revenue recognition model designed to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services and requires significantly enhanced revenue disclosures. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date” (ASU 2015-14). Per ASU 2015-14, the standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. ASC 606 allows either full retrospective or modified retrospective transition and early adoption is permitted for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. We continue to evaluate both the impact of this new standard on our consolidated financial statements and the transition method we will utilize for adoption.