Note 25 Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is determined based upon quoted market prices to the extent possible; however, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques that may be significantly impacted by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Changes in any of these assumptions could significantly affect the fair value estimates. The fair value of the financial instruments listed below does not reflect a premium or discount that could result from offering all of the Company’s holdings of financial instruments at one time, nor does it reflect the underlying value of the Company, as ASC Topic 825 excludes certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments from its disclosure requirements. The fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2015 and 2014, including methods and assumptions utilized for determining fair value of financial instruments, are set forth below:


	Level in fair value	December 31, 2015				December 31, 2014
	measurement	Carrying		Estimated		Carrying		Estimated
	hierarchy	amount		fair value		amount		fair value
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	166,092	$	166,092	$	256,979	$	256,979
Mortgage-backed securities—residential mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises available-for-sale	Level 2		310,978		310,978		404,215		404,215
Mortgage-backed securities—other residential mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises available-for-sale	Level 2		845,543		845,543		1,074,580		1,074,580
Other available-for-sale securities	Level 3		725		725		419		419
Mortgage-backed securities—residential mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises held-to-maturity	Level 2		340,131		342,812		422,622		428,323
Mortgage-backed securities—other residential mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored enterprises held-to-maturity	Level 2		87,372		85,773		107,968		106,314
Non-marketable securities	Level 2		22,529		22,529		27,045		27,045
Loans receivable, net	Level 3		2,560,554		2,613,381		2,144,796		2,193,222
Loans held-for-sale	Level 2		13,292		13,292		5,146		5,146
Accrued interest receivable	Level 2		12,190		12,190		11,465		11,465
Derivatives	Level 2		2,347		2,347		1,428		1,428
LIABILITIES
Deposit transaction accounts	Level 2		2,646,794		2,646,794		2,409,137		2,409,137
Time deposits	Level 2		1,193,883		1,182,098		1,357,051		1,357,885
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	Level 2		136,523		136,523		133,552		133,552
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	Level 2		40,000		40,919		40,000		40,465
Accrued interest payable	Level 2		4,319		4,319		3,608		3,608
Derivatives	Level 2		8,315		8,315		4,728		4,728

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents have a short-term nature and the estimated fair value is equal to the carrying value.

Investment securities

The estimated fair value of investment securities is based on quoted market prices or bid quotations received from securities dealers. Other investment securities, including securities that are held for regulatory purposes are carried at cost, less any other than temporary impairment.

Loans receivable

The estimated fair value of the loan portfolio is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis using a discount rate based on interest rates offered at the respective measurement dates for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The allowance for loan losses is considered a reasonable estimate of any required adjustment to fair value to reflect the impact of credit risk. The estimates of fair value do not incorporate the exit-price concept prescribed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.

Loans held-for-sale

Loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value. The portfolio consists primarily of fixed rate residential mortgage loans that are sold within 45 days. The estimated fair value is based on quoted market prices for similar loans in the secondary market and are classified as level 2.

Accrued interest receivable

Accrued interest receivable has a short-term nature and the estimated fair value is equal to the carrying value.

Deposits

The estimated fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as non-interest bearing demand deposits, savings, NOW accounts, and money market accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of interest-bearing time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows of such deposits, taking into account the option for early withdrawal. The discount rate is estimated using the rates offered by the Company, at the respective measurement dates, for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

Derivative assets and liabilities

Fair values for derivative assets and liabilities are fully described in note 22.

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

The vast majority of the Company’s repurchase agreements are overnight transactions that mature the day after the transaction, and as a result of this short-term nature, the estimated fair value is equal to the carrying value.

Accrued interest payable

Accrued interest payable has a short-term nature and the estimated fair value is equal to the carrying value.