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Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Significant Accounting Policies

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of these financial statements are as follows:

Mineral Properties and Exploration and Development Costs

The costs of acquiring mineral properties are capitalized at the date of acquisition. After acquisition, various factors can affect the recoverability of the capitalized costs. If, after review, management concludes that the carrying amount of a mineral property is impaired, it will be written down to estimated fair value. Exploration costs incurred on mineral properties are expensed as incurred. Development costs incurred on proven and probable reserves will be capitalized. Upon commencement of production, capitalized costs will be amortized using the unit-of-production method over the estimated life based on proven and probable reserves (which exclude non-recoverable reserves and anticipated processing losses). When the Company receives an option payment related to a property, the proceeds of the payment are applied to reduce the carrying value of the exploration asset.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets that are held and used are analyzed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Intangible assets having an indefinite useful life are assessed for impairment annually.

The Company evaluates at each balance sheet date whether circumstances have occurred that indicate possible impairment. If there are indications of impairment, the Company uses future undiscounted cash flows of the related asset or asset grouping over the remaining life in measuring whether the carrying amounts are recoverable. In the event such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the recorded asset values, the assets are written down to their estimated fair value.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company's accounts have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 830 Foreign Currency Matters. Management has determined that the functional currency of the Company is the Canadian dollar ("CAD"). Certain assets and liabilities of the Company are denominated in U.S. dollars. In accordance with the provisions of ASC No. 830, transaction gains and losses on these assets and liabilities are included in the determination of income for the relevant years. Adjustments resulting from the translation of the financial statements from their functional currencies to U.S. dollars are accumulated as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income and have not been included in the determination of income for the relevant years.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of the Company's more significant estimates include those related to going concern, collectability of receivables, and the fair value of stock-based compensation and other equity instruments. These estimates are reviewed periodically, and, as adjustments become necessary, they are reported in earnings in the period in which they become known.

Comprehensive Income

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 220, Comprehensive Income. ASC 220 establishes standards for the reporting and presentation of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of financial statements. Comprehensive income is presented in the statements of changes in stockholders' deficit, and consists of foreign currency translation adjustments. ASC 220 requires only additional disclosures in the financial statements and does not affect the Company's financial position or results of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches. A fair value hierarchy for inputs is used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are those that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company assumptions about the inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the inputs as follows:

	Level 1 -	Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
	Level 2 -	Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.
	Level 3 -	Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for differences between the financial statements and tax basis of the assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense is recorded for the amount of income tax payable or refundable for the period increased or decreased by the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the period.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company accounts for Stock-Based Compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC 718 establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. ASC 718 focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. ASC 718 requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued, when granted in exchange for employee services.

Awards granted to non-employees fall under ASC 505-50 and are recognized based on the fair value of the goods or services received or the equity instruments, whichever is more reliable.

Net Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The Company accounts for earnings (loss) per share pursuant ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, which requires disclosure on the financial statements of “basic” and “diluted” earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents (if dilutive) related to stock options and warrants for each year. The weighted average number of shares outstanding has been adjusted for the effects of stock dividends, stock splits, and reverse stock splits.

There were no dilutive financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The below recent accounting pronouncements were adopted during the year ended December 31, 2018:

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"Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting" (ASU 2017-09) was issued in May 2017. This update provides clarity and reduces both diversity in practice and cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. This standard was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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“Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230)” (“ASU 2016-15”) was issued during August 2016. ASU 2016-15 is intended to reduce the diversity in practice regarding how certain transactions are classified within the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows, Restricted Cash (Topic 230)” (“ASU 2016-18”), which requires the inclusion of restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 and ASU 2016-18 were both effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period. The amendments were applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). This standard affects the accounting for equity instruments, financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements of financial instruments. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments (Subtopic 825-10) – Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. This update was issued to clarify certain narrow aspects of guidance concerning the recognition of financial assets and liabilities established in ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. This includes an amendment to clarify that an entity measuring an equity security using the measurement alternative may change its measurement approach to a fair valuation method in accordance with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, through an irrevocable election that would apply to that security and all identical or similar investments of the same issued. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities to clarify codification and to correct unintended application of the guidance. The Company adopted this pronouncement concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2016-01. The adoption of this update had no impact on the Company’s financial statements.

The following are recent accounting pronouncements, which may have an impact on the Company's future financial statements:

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"Leases" (ASU 2016-02) was issued during February 2016. This update will require organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The new guidance will also require additional disclosure about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 will not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, amended in November by ASU 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses,” which introduces the current expected credit losses model in the estimation of credit losses on financial instruments. This update is effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption being permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company plans to adopt this ASU on January 1, 2020.

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“Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.” (“ASU 2017-09”) Issued in May 2017, ASU 2017-09 amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements, and provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting. The new guidance will allow companies to make certain changes to awards without accounting for them as modifications. It does not change the accounting for modifications. ASU 2017-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2017-09 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement.

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In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic: 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13). FASB issued the update to modify the disclosure requirements in Topic 820. ASU 2018-07 will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods.

The Company continues to evaluate the impact of these ASU’s on its financial statements.