Cenovus’s financial assets and financial liabilities consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accrued revenues, net investment in finance leases, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, risk management assets and liabilities, private equity investments, long-term receivables, lease liabilities, contingent payment, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Risk management assets and liabilities arise from the use of derivative financial instruments.

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accrued revenues, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings approximate their carrying amount due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.

The fair values of long-term receivables and net investment in finance leases approximate their carrying amount due to the specific non-tradeable nature of these instruments.

Long-term debt is carried at amortized cost. The estimated fair values of long-term borrowings have been determined based on period-end trading prices of long-term borrowings on the secondary market (Level 2). As at December 31, 2019, the carrying value of Cenovus’s debt was $6,699 million and the fair value was $7,610 million (2018 carrying value – $9,164 million; fair value – $8,431 million).

Equity investments classified at FVOCI comprise equity investments in private companies. The Company classifies certain private equity instruments at FVOCI as they are not held for trading and fair value changes are not reflective of the Company’s operations. These assets are carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in other assets. Fair value is determined based on recent private placement transactions (Level 3) when available.

The following table provides a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of private equity investments classified at FVOCI:

	2019		2018
Fair Value, Beginning of Year		38		37
Change in Fair Value⁽¹⁾		14		1
Fair Value, End of Year		52		38

(1)	Changes in fair value are recorded in OCI.

The Company’s risk management assets and liabilities consist of crude oil swaps, futures and options, as well as condensate futures and swaps, foreign exchange and interest rate swaps. Crude oil, condensate and, if entered into, natural gas contracts are recorded at their estimated fair value based on the difference between the contracted price and the period-end forward price for the same commodity, using quoted market prices or the period-end forward price for the same commodity extrapolated to the end of the term of the contract (Level 2). The fair value of foreign exchange swaps are calculated using external valuation models which incorporate observable market data, including foreign exchange forward curves (Level 2) and the fair value of interest rate swaps are calculated using external valuation models which incorporate observable market data, including interest rate yield curves (Level 2).

	2019						2018
	Risk Management						Risk Management
As at December 31,	Asset		Liability		Net		Asset		Liability		Net
Crude Oil		5		2		3		156		2		154
Foreign Exchange		-		-		-		-		1		(1	)
Interest Rate		-		-		-		7		-		7
Total Fair Value		5		2		3		163		3		160

The following table presents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for risk management assets and liabilities carried at fair value:

Prices sourced from observable data or market corroboration refers to the fair value of contracts valued in part using active quotes and in part using observable, market-corroborated data.

The following table provides a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of Cenovus’s risk management assets and liabilities:

	2019			2018
Fair Value of Contracts, Beginning of Year		160			(986	)
Fair Value of Contracts Realized During the Year		7			1,554
Change in Fair Value of Contracts in Place at Beginning of Year and Contracts Entered Into During the Year		(156	)		(305	)
Unamortized (Amortized) Premium on Put Options		-			(16	)
Unrealized Foreign Exchange Gain (Loss) on U.S. Dollar Contracts		(8	)		(87	)
Fair Value of Contracts, End of Year		3			160

Financial assets and liabilities are offset only if Cenovus has the current legal right to offset and intends to settle on a net basis or settle the asset and liability simultaneously. Cenovus offsets risk management assets and liabilities when the counterparty, commodity, currency and timing of settlement are the same. No additional unrealized risk management positions are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement that are not otherwise offset.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s offsetting risk management positions:

	2019								2018
	Risk Management								Risk Management
As at December 31,	Asset			Liability			Net		Asset			Liability			Net
Recognized Risk Management Positions
Gross Amount		13			10			3		277			117			160
Amount Offset		(8	)		(8	)		-		(114	)		(114	)		-
Net Amount per Consolidated Financial Statements		5			2			3		163			3			160

The derivative liabilities do not have credit risk-related contingent features. Due to credit practices that limit transactions according to counterparties’ credit quality, the change in fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes in the credit risk of financial liabilities is immaterial.

Cenovus pledges cash collateral with respect to certain of these risk management contracts, which is not offset against the related financial liability. The amount of cash collateral required will vary daily over the life of these risk management contracts as commodity prices change. Additional cash collateral is required if, on a net basis, risk management payables exceed risk management receivables on a particular day. There were no amounts pledged as collateral as at December 31, 2019 (2018 – $nil).

The contingent payment is carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated by calculating the present value of the future expected cash flows using an option pricing model (Level 3), which assumes the probability distribution for WCS is based on the volatility of WTI options, volatility of Canadian-U.S. foreign exchange rate options and both WTI and WCS futures pricing, and discounted at a credit-adjusted risk-free rate of 2.6 percent. Fair value of the contingent payment has been calculated by Cenovus’s internal valuation team which consists of individuals who are knowledgeable about and have experience in fair value techniques. As at December 31, 2019, the fair value of the contingent payment was estimated to be $143 million.

As at December 31, 2019, average WCS forward pricing for the remaining term of the contingent payment is $46.57 per barrel. The average volatility of WTI options and the Canadian-U.S. foreign exchange rate options used to value the contingent payment was 24 percent and five percent, respectively. Changes in the following inputs to the option pricing model, with fluctuations in all other variables held constant, could have resulted in unrealized gains (losses) impacting earnings before income tax as follows:

As at December 31, 2019	Sensitivity Range	Increase			Decrease
WCS Forward Prices	± $5.00 per bbl		(129	)		80
WTI Option Volatility	± five percent		(45	)		42
Canadian to U.S. Dollar Foreign Exchange Rate Option Volatility	± five percent		10			(19	)

As at December 31, 2018	Sensitivity Range	Increase			Decrease
WCS Forward Prices	± $5.00 per bbl		(104	)		71
WTI Option Volatility	± five percent		(57	)		51
Canadian to U.S. Dollar Foreign Exchange Rate Option Volatility	± five percent		1			(12	)

For the years ended December 31,	2019	2018		2017
Realized (Gain) Loss ⁽¹⁾	7	1,554		167
Unrealized (Gain) Loss⁽²⁾	149	(1,249	)	729
(Gain) Loss on Risk Management From Continuing Operations	156	305		896

(1)	Realized gains and losses on risk management are recorded in the reportable segment to which the derivative instrument relates. Excludes realized risk management loss of $nil in 2019 (2018 – $nil; 2017 – $33 million loss) that were classified as discontinued operations.

(2)	Unrealized gains and losses on risk management are recorded in the Corporate and Eliminations segment.