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Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
2.
Significant Accounting Policies
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries
that are consolidated in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). All intercompany amounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Cash
and Cash
Equivalents
 
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of
three
months or less to be cash equivalents.
 
Concentration of Credit Risk
 
The Company maintains the majority of its
domestic cash in
one
commercial bank in multiple operating and investment accounts. Balances on deposit are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to specified limits. Balances in excess of FDIC limits are uninsured.
 
One
customer accounted for
approximately
9%
and
11%
of accounts receivable at
December
31,
2016
and
2015,
respectively.
No
one
customer accounted for greater than
7%,
7%
and
8%,
of net sales during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
or
2014,
respectively.
 
Accounts Receivable
 
Receivables are recorded at their face value amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company estimates and records an allowance for doubtful accounts based on specific identification and historical experience. The Company writes off uncollectible accounts against the allowance for doubtful accounts after all collection efforts have been exhausted. Sales are generally made on an unsecured basis.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or
market, with cost determined generally using the
first
-in,
first
-out method.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and are being depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are summarized below (in years). Costs of leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the term of the lease (including renewal option periods) or the estimated useful lives of the improvements.
 
Land improvements
   
15
20
 
Buildings and improvements
   
10
40
 
Machinery and equipment
   
3
10
 
Dies and tools
   
3
 –
10
 
Vehicles
   
3
6
 
Office equipment
and systems
   
3
15
 
Leasehold improvements
   
2
20
 
 
Total depreciation expense was
$21,465,
$16,742,
and
$13,706
for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
respectively.
 
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over fair value of identifiable net assets acquired from business acquisitions. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests
if indicators of impairment are present. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually as of
October
31
or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicates the carrying value
may
not be recoverable. The Company has the option to assess goodwill for impairment by
first
performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then further goodwill impairment testing is not required to be performed. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company is required to perform a
two
-step goodwill impairment test. In the
first
step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its book value including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit is in excess of its book value, the related goodwill is not impaired and no further analysis is necessary. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its book value, there is an indication of potential impairment and a
second
step is performed. When required, the
second
step of testing involves calculating the implied fair value of goodwill for the reporting unit. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination, which is the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit determined in step
one
over the fair value of its net assets and identifiable intangible assets as if the reporting unit had been acquired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. For reporting units with a negative book value (i.e., excess of liabilities over assets), qualitative factors are evaluated to determine whether it is necessary to perform the
second
step of the goodwill impairment test.
 
The Company performed the required annual impairment tests for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for the fiscal years
2016,
2015
and
2014,
and found
no
impairment following the
2016
and
2014
tests.
There were no reporting units with a carrying value at-risk of exceeding fair value as of the
October
31,
2016
impairment test date.
 
After performing the impairment tests for fiscal year
2015,
t
he Company determined that the fair value of the Ottomotores reporting unit was less than its carrying value, resulting in a non-cash goodwill impairment charge in the
fourth
quarter of
2015
of
$4,611
to write-down the balance of the Ottomotores goodwill. The decrease in fair value of the Ottomotores reporting unit was due to several factors in the
second
half of
2015:
the continued challenges of the Latin American economies, devaluation of the Peso against the U.S. Dollar, the slow development of Mexican energy reform as a result of decreasing oil prices; combining to cause
2015
results to fall short of prior expectations and future forecasts to decrease. The fair value was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis, which utilized key financial assumptions including the sales growth factors discussed above, a
3%
terminal growth rate and a
15.7%
discount rate.
 
Other indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of
certain tradenames. The Company tests the carrying value of these tradenames by comparing the assets’ fair value to its carrying value. Fair value is measured using a relief-from-royalty approach, which assumes the fair value of the tradename is the discounted cash flows of the amount that would be paid had the Company not owned the tradename and instead licensed the tradename from another company. The Company conducts its annual impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets as of
October
31
of each year.
 
In the
fourth
quarter of
2015,
the Company
’s Board of Directors approved a plan to strategically transition and consolidate certain of the Company’s brands acquired in acquisitions over the past several years to the Generac® tradename. This brand strategy change resulted in a reclassification to a
two
year remaining useful life for the impacted tradenames, causing the fair value to be less than the carrying value using the relief-from-royalty approach in a discounted cash flow analysis. As such, a
$36,076
non-cash impairment charge was recorded to write-down the impacted tradenames to net realizable value.
 
Other than the impairment charges discussed above, the Company found no other impairment when performing the required annual
impairment tests for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for fiscal year
2015.
There can be no assurance that future impairment tests will not result in a charge to earnings.
 
Impairment of
Long-Lived Assets
 
The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived asset
s (excluding goodwill and indefinite-lived tradenames). Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may
not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of an asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the asset.
 
Debt Issuance Costs
 
Debt discounts and d
irect and incremental costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are deferred and recorded as a reduction of outstanding debt and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the terms of the related credit agreements. Approximately
$3,939,
$5,429,
and
$6,615
of deferred financing costs and original issue discount were amortized to interest expense during fiscal years
2016,
2015
and
2014,
respectively. Excluding the impact of any future long-term debt issuances or prepayments, estimated amortization expense for the next
five
years is as follows:
2017
-
$2,516;
2018
-
$4,314;
2019
-
$4,466;
2020
-
$4,420;
2021
-
$4,419.
 
Income Taxes
 
The Company is
a C Corporation and therefore accounts for income taxes pursuant to the liability method. Accordingly, the current or deferred tax consequences of a transaction are measured by applying the provision of enacted tax laws to determine the amount of taxes payable currently or in future years. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between the income tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the years in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company considers taxable income in prior carryback years, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies, as appropriate, in making this assessment.
 
Revenue Recognition

Sales, net of estimated returns and allowances, are recognized upon shipment of product to the customer, which is generally when title passes, the Company has no further obligations, and the customer is required to pay subject to agreed upon payment terms. The Company, at the request of certain customers, will warehouse inventory billed to the customer but not delivered. Unless all revenue recognition criteria have been met, the Company does not recognize revenue on these transactions until the customers take possession of the product. In these cases, the funds collected on product warehoused for these customers are recorded as a customer advance until the customer takes possession of the product and the Company’s obligation to deliver the goods is completed. Customer advances are included in accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
The Company provides for certain estimated sales
programs, discounts and incentive expenses which are recognized as a reduction of sales.
 
Shipping and Handling Costs
 
Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are included in net sales, and the related costs are included in cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 
Advertising and Co-Op Advertising
 
Expenditures for advertising, included in selling and service expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, are expensed as incurred. Total
expenditures for advertising were
$45,488,
$39,258,
and
$32,352
for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
respectively.
 
Research and Development
 
The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Total expenditures incurred for research and development
were
$37,229,
$32,922,
and
$31,494
for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014,
respectively.
 
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
 
Balance sheet amounts for non-U.S. Dollar functional currency businesses
are translated into U.S. Dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at fiscal year-end. Income and expenses incurred in a foreign currency are translated at the average rates of exchange in effect during the year. The related translation adjustments are made directly to accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of stockholders’ equity, in the consolidated balance sheets. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are recognized as incurred in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Update (
ASC)
820
-
10,
Fair Value Measurement
,
defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis. ASC
820
-
10
clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the pronouncement establishes a
three
-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level
1)
observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level
2)
inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and (Level
3)
unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
 
The Company believes the carrying amount of its financial instruments (cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts
payable, accrued liabilities, short-term borrowings and ABL facility borrowings), excluding Term Loan borrowings, approximates the fair value of these instruments based upon their short-term nature. The fair value of Term Loan borrowings, which have an aggregate carrying value of
$903,673,
was approximately
$904,780
 (Level
2)
at
December
31,
2016,
as calculated based on independent valuations whose inputs and significant value drivers are observable.
 
For the fair value of the assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis, see the fair value table in Note
4,
“Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” to the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of all derivative contracts is classified as Level
2.
The valuation
techniques used to measure the fair value of derivative contracts, all of which have counterparties with high credit ratings, were based on quoted market prices or model driven valuations using significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. The fair value of derivative contracts considers the Company’s credit risk in accordance with ASC
820
-
10.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with
U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
The Company records
all derivatives in accordance with ASC
815,
Derivatives and Hedging
, which requires derivative instruments be reported on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value and establishes criteria for designation and effectiveness of hedging relationships. The Company is exposed to market risk such as changes in commodity prices, foreign currencies and interest rates. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
 
Stock-based compensation expense, including stock options and restricted stock awards, is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the fair value of awards which are expected to vest. The fair value of all share-based awards is estimated on the date of grant.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
In
May
2014,
the FASB issued ASU
2014
-
09,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
. This guidance is the culmination of the FASB’s joint project with the International Accounting Standards Board to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue. The core principal of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance provides a
five
-step process that entities should follow in order to achieve that core principal. ASU
2014
-
09,
as amended by ASU
2015
-
14,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606):
D
eferral of the Effective Date
, ASU
2016
-
08,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606):
Principal versus Agent Considerations
, ASU
2016
-
10,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606):
Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing
,
ASU
2016
-
12,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606):
Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients
, and ASU
2016
-
20,
Technical
Corrections and Improvements to Topic
606,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
, becomes effective for the Company in
2018.
The guidance can be applied either on a full retrospective basis or on a modified retrospective basis in which the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard is recognized at the date of initial application. While the Company is continuing to assess all potential impacts the standard
may
have on its financial statements, it believes that the adoption will not have a significant impact on its revenue related to equipment and parts sales, which represent substantially all of the revenue for the Company. The Company has not yet determined its method of adoption.
 
In
February
2016,
the FASB issued ASU
2016
-
02,
Leases
. This guidance is being issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the statement of financial position and by disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance should be applied using a modified retrospective approach and is effective for the Company in
2019,
with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on its results of operations and financial position.
 
In
March
2016,
the FASB issued ASU
2016
-
09,
Compensation – Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting
. This guidance is a part of the FASB’s initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards, and includes simplification involving several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including excess tax benefits. The guidance should be applied on a modified retrospective basis and is effective for the Company in
2017,
with early adoption permitted. While the Company is still currently assessing all impacts of the guidance, the primary impact of adoption will be the recognition of excess tax benefits within the provision for income taxes on the statement of comprehensive income rather than within additional paid-in capital on the balance sheet. Additionally, this change will result in excess tax benefits from stock compensation to be reflected in net cash from operating activities on the statement of cash flows.
 
In
August
2016,
the FASB issued ASU
2016
-
15,
Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
. This guidance is being issued to decrease diversity in practice for how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. This guidance should be applied on a retrospective basis and is effective for the Company in
2018,
with early adoption permitted. The Company does not believe that this guidance will have a significant impact on its presentation of the statement of cash flows.
 
In
January
2017,
the FASB issued ASU
2017
-
04,
Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment
. This guidance is being issued to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step
2
of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new guidance, the recognition of a goodwill impairment charge is calculated based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance should be applied on a prospective basis and is effective for the Company in
2020.
Early adoption is permitted for goodwill impairment tests performed after
January
1,
2017.
The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption will have on its results of operations and financial position.
 
In the
first
quarter of
2016,
the Company adopted ASU
2015
-
03,
Interest – Imputation of Interest: Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs
. As a result, the Company adjusted the impacted line items in the
December
31,
2015
consolidated balance sheet to conform to the current period’s presentation; decreasing both the Deferred financing costs, net and Long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations line items by
$12,965.
Also in the
first
quarter of
2016,
the Company adopted ASU
2015
-
17,
Income Taxes: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes
. As a result, the Company adjusted the impacted line items in the
December
31,
2015
consolidated balance sheet to conform to the current period’s presentation; decreasing the Deferred income taxes line item within current assets by
$29,355,
increasing the Deferred income taxes line item within noncurrent assets by
$28,139,
and decreasing the Deferred income taxes line within noncurrent liabilities by
$1,216.
 
There are several other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB. Each of these pronouncements, as applicable, has been or will be adopted by the Company. Management does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements has had or will have a material impact on the Company
’s consolidated financial statements.