Loans and advances to clients (Tables) [Abstract]

Following is a detail, by loan type and status, borrower sector and interest rate formula, of the loans and advances to clients, which reflect the Bank's exposure to credit risk in its core business, gross of impairment losses:


Thousand of reais	2017	2016	2015
Loan borrower sector:
Commercial, and industrial	140,619,110	140,992,900	150,880,864
Real estate-construction	34,808,681	36,650,011	36,851,879
Installment loans to individuals	110,512,978	88,701,763	77,407,496
Lease financing	1,888,444	2,092,882	2,126,210
Total ⁽¹⁾	287,829,213	268,437,556	267,266,449

(1) It includes commercial credit, secured loans, reverse repurchase agreements, finance leases, other term loans and impaired assets.

Debt Sector by Maturity


								2017
Debt Sector by Maturity	Less than 1 year	% of total	Between 1 and 5 years	% of total	More than 5 years	% of total	Total	% of total

Commercial and industrial	103,377,571	59.33%	31,262,492	37.89%	5,979,047	19.25%	140,619,110	48.85%

Real estate	7,791,753	4.47%	10,970,004	13.29%	16,046,924	51.65%	34,808,681	12.09%
Installment loans to individuals	62,078,225	35.63%	39,393,699	47.74%	9,041,054	29.10%	110,512,978	38.40%

Lease financing	1,000,418	0.57%	886,833	1.07%	1,193	0.00%	1,888,444	0.66%
Loans and advances to customers, gross	174,247,967	100.00%	82,513,028	99.99%	31,068,218	100.00%	287,829,213	100.00%


								2016
Debt Sector by Maturity	Less than 1 year	% of total	Between 1 and 5 years	% of total	More than 5 years	% of total	Total	% of total

Commercial and industrial	99,657,024	61.65%	35,789,118	45.10%	5,546,758	20.23%	140,992,900	52.52%

Real estate	8,648,702	5.35%	11,761,420	14.82%	16,239,889	59.23%	36,650,011	13.65%
Installment loans to individuals	52,205,927	32.29%	30,867,880	38.90%	5,627,956	20.53%	88,701,763	33.05%

Lease financing	1,152,579	0.71%	937,951	1.18%	2,352	0.01%	2,092,882	0.78%
Loans and advances to customers, gross	161,664,232	100.00%	79,356,369	100.00%	27,416,955	100.00%	268,437,556	100.00%

Changes in the allowances for the impairment losses on the balances of Loans and receivables

The changes in the allowances for the impairment losses on the balances of “Loans and receivables” were as follows:


Thousand of reais	2017	2016		2015

Balance at beginning of year	18,191,126	15,411,759		13,562,811
Impairment losses charged to income for the year	13,492,072	14,383,935		13,723,179
Of which:
Commercial and industrial	5,499,018	6,523,051		6,634,110
Real estate-construction	471,366	369,431		91,196
Installment loans to individuals	7,460,458	7,616,819		6,765,541
Lease financing	61,230	-125,366		232,332
Write-off of impaired balances against recorded impairment allowance	-13,421,560	(11,604,568)		(11,874,231)
Of which:
Commercial and industrial	-5,715,903	(4,553,166)		(4,953,324)
Real estate-construction	(341,804)	-189,625		-77,412
Installment loans to individuals	-7,312,310	(6,810,997)		(6,621,809)
Lease financing	(51,543)	-50,780		-221,686
Balance at end of year	18,261,638	18,191,126		15,411,759
Of which:
Loans and advances to customers	15,409,056	16,434,782		15,233,000
Loans and amounts due from credit institutions (Note 6)	69,015	201,441		178,759
Provision for Debt Instruments (Note 7)	2,783,567	1,554,903		-
ecoveries of loans previously charged off	1,153,931	994,101	757,320
Of which:
Commercial and industrial	412,514	562,393	293,668
Real estate-construction	209,940	102,826	86,360
Installment loans to individuals	521,589	314,422	348,090
Lease financing	9,888	14,460	29,202

Loans and receivables - loans and advances to customers

The details of the changes in the balance of the financial assets classified as “Loans and receivables - loans and advances to clients” (as defined at Note 1.i) and considered to be impaired due to credit risk are as follows:

Thousand of reais

2017

2016

2015

Balance at beginning of year

18,887,132

18,599,379

14,011,225

Net additions

13,679,423

11,892,321

16,462,385

Written-off assets

(13,421,560)

(11,604,568)

(11,874,231)

Balance at end of year

19,144,995

18,887,132

18,599,379

Loan past due for less than 90 days but not classified as impaired

e) Loan past due for less than 90 days but not classified as impaired


Thousand of reais	2017	% of total loans past due for less than 90 days	2016	% of total loans past due for less than 90 days	2015	% of total loans past due for less than 90 days

Commercial and industrial	3,559,349	19.90%	4,141,349	23.79%	5,072,197	24.27%
Real estate - Construction	4,879,563	27.29%	5,201,709	29.88%	7,551,584	36.13%
Installment loans to individuals	9,266,366	51.82%	7,957,294	45.71%	8,235,699	39.40%
Financial Leasing	176,528	0.99%	108,607	0.62%	41,013	0.20%
Total ⁽¹⁾	17,881,806	100.00%	17,408,959	100.00%	20,900,493	100.00%