Net Sales

6 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2018

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

Net Sales

Effective May 1, 2018, we updated our policy for recognizing revenue (“net sales”) to reflect the adoption of ASC 606. We describe the updated policy below. Also, we show how the adoption impacted our financial statements and we present disaggregated net sales information in accordance with the new standard.

Revenue recognition policy. Our net sales predominantly reflect global sales of beverage alcohol consumer products. We sell these products under contracts with different types of customers, depending on the market. The customer is most often a distributor, wholesaler, or retailer.

Each contract typically includes a single performance obligation to transfer control of the products to the customer. Depending on the contract, control is transferred when the products are either shipped or delivered to the customer, at which point we recognize the transaction price for those products as net sales. The transaction price recognized at that point reflects our estimate of the consideration to be received in exchange for the products. The actual amount may ultimately differ due to the effect of various customer incentives and trade promotion activities. In making our estimates, we consider our historical experience and current expectations, as applicable. Adjustments recognized during the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, for changes in estimated transaction prices of products sold in prior periods were not material.

Net sales exclude taxes we collect from customers that are imposed by various governments on our sales, and are reduced by payments to customers unless made in exchange for distinct goods or services with fair values approximating the payments.

Net sales include any amounts we bill customers for shipping and handling activities related to the products. We recognize the cost of those activities in cost of sales during the same period in which we recognize the related net sales.

Sales returns, which are permitted only in limited situations, are not material.

Customer payment terms generally range from 30 to 90 days. There are no significant amounts of contract assets or liabilities.

Impact of adoption. We adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. As a result, we recorded an adjustment that decreased retained earnings as of May 1, 2018, by $25 million (net of tax). The adjustment reflects the cumulative effect on that date of applying our updated revenue recognition policy, under which we recognize the cost of certain customer incentives earlier than we did before adopting ASC 606. Although we do not expect this change in timing to have a significant impact on a full-year basis, we do anticipate some change in the pattern of recognition among fiscal quarters. Additionally, some payments to customers that we classified as expenses before adopting the new standard are classified as reductions of net sales under our new policy.

The following table shows how the adoption of ASC 606 impacted our consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended October 31, 2018:



	Three Months Ended October 31, 2018
	Under Prior			As Reported Under			Effect of
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)	Guidance			ASC 606			Adoption
Sales	$	1,169		$	1,161		$	(8	)
Excise taxes	251			251			—
Net sales	918			910			(8		)
Cost of sales	320			320			—
Gross profit	598			590			(8		)
Advertising expenses	107			102			(5		)
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	162			161			(1		)
Other expense (income), net	(5		)	(5		)	—
Operating income	334			332			(2		)
Non-operating postretirement expense	2			2			—
Interest income	(2		)	(2		)	—
Interest expense	22			22			—
Income before income taxes	312			310			(2		)
Income taxes	61			61			—
Net income	$	251		$	249		$	(2	)
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.52		$	0.52		$	—
Diluted	$	0.52		$	0.52		$	—

The following table shows how the adoption of ASC 606 impacted our consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended October 31, 2018:



	Six Months Ended October 31, 2018
	Under Prior			As Reported Under			Effect of
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)	Guidance			ASC 606			Adoption
Sales	$	2,166		$	2,148		$	(18	)
Excise taxes	472			472			—
Net sales	1,694			1,676			(18		)
Cost of sales	563			563			—
Gross profit	1,131			1,113			(18		)
Advertising expenses	208			200			(8		)
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	331			329			(2		)
Other expense (income), net	(12		)	(12		)	—
Operating income	604			596			(8		)
Non-operating postretirement expense	4			4			—
Interest income	(4		)	(4		)	—
Interest expense	44			44			—
Income before income taxes	560			552			(8		)
Income taxes	105			103			(2		)
Net income	$	455		$	449		$	(6	)
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.94		$	0.93		$	(0.01	)
Diluted	$	0.94		$	0.93		$	(0.01	)

The following table shows how the adoption of ASC 606 impacted our consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2018:



	As of October 31, 2018
	Under Prior		As Reported Under		Effect of
(Dollars in millions)	Guidance		ASC 606		Adoption
Assets
Other current assets	$	306	$	305	$	(1	)
Deferred tax assets	15		16		1
Total assets	5,149		5,149		—

Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	580	$	620	$	40
Deferred tax liabilities	122		113		(9		)
Total liabilities	3,621		3,652		31

Stockholders’ Equity
Retained earnings	$	2,047	$	2,016	$	(31	)
Total stockholders’ equity	1,528		1,497		(31		)

Disaggregated revenues.

The following table shows our net sales by geography:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	October 31,				October 31,
(Dollars in millions)	2017		2018		2017		2018
United States	$	438	$	447	$	793	$	804
Developed International¹	248		234		441		449
Emerging²	159		164		282		295
Travel Retail³	44		38		74		76
Non-branded and bulk⁴	25		27		47		52
Total	$	914	$	910	$	1,637	$	1,676

¹Represents net sales of branded products to “advanced economies” as defined by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), excluding the United States. Our largest developed international markets are the United Kingdom, Australia, and Germany.

²Represents net sales of branded products to “emerging and developing economies” as defined by the IMF. Our largest emerging markets are Mexico and Poland.

³Represents net sales of branded products to global duty-free customers, travel retail customers, and the U.S. military regardless of customer location.

⁴Includes net sales of used barrels, bulk whiskey and wine, and contract bottling regardless of customer location.

The following table shows our net sales by product category:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	October 31,				October 31,
(Dollars in millions)	2017		2018		2017		2018
Whiskey¹	$	713	$	706	$	1,270	$	1,308
Tequila²	64		70		122		132
Vodka³	35		34		66		60
Wine⁴	63		62		105		102
Rest of portfolio	14		11		27		22
Non-branded and bulk⁵	25		27		47		52
Total	$	914	$	910	$	1,637	$	1,676

¹Includes all whiskey spirits and whiskey-based flavored liqueurs, ready-to-drink, and ready-to-pour products. The brands included in this category are the Jack Daniel's family of brands, Woodford Reserve, Canadian Mist, GlenDronach, BenRiach, Glenglassaugh, Old Forester, Early Times, Slane Irish Whiskey, and Coopers' Craft.

²Includes el Jimador, Herradura, New Mix, Pepe Lopez, and Antiguo.

³Includes Finlandia.

⁴Includes Korbel Champagne and Sonoma-Cutrer wines.

⁵Includes net sales of used barrels, bulk whiskey and wine, and contract bottling regardless of customer location.