Stockholders’ Equity

The following table shows the changes in stockholders’ equity by quarter during the six months ended October 31, 2017:



(Dollars in millions)	Class A Common Stock		Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			AOCI			Treasury Stock			Total
Balance at April 30, 2017	$	25	$	43		$	65		$	4,470		$	(390	)	$	(2,843	)	$	1,370
Retirement of treasury stock			(10		)	(8		)	(2,684		)				2,702			—
Net income									178									178
Net other comprehensive income (loss)												14						14
Cash dividends									(140		)							(140		)
Acquisition of treasury stock															(1		)	(1		)
Stock-based compensation expense						4												4
Stock issued under compensation plans															9			9
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans						(14		)										(14		)
Balance at July 31, 2017	25		33			47			1,824			(376		)	(133		)	1,420
Net income									239									239
Net other comprehensive income (loss)												(15		)				(15		)
Stock-based compensation expense						5												5
Stock issued under compensation plans															1			1
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans						(3		)										(3		)
Balance at October 31, 2017	$	25	$	33		$	49		$	2,063		$	(391	)	$	(132	)	$	1,647

The following table shows the changes in stockholders’ equity by quarter during the six months ended October 31, 2018:



(Dollars in millions)	Class A Common Stock		Class B Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			AOCI			Treasury Stock			Total
Balance at April 30, 2018	$	25	$	47	$	4		$	1,730		$	(378	)	$	(112	)	$	1,316
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting standards (Note 1)								(5		)							(5		)
Net income								200									200
Net other comprehensive income (loss)											14						14
Cash dividends								(152		)							(152		)
Acquisition of treasury stock														(6		)	(6		)
Stock-based compensation expense					5												5
Stock issued under compensation plans														9			9
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans					(7		)	(6		)							(13		)
Balance at July 31, 2018	25		47		2			1,767			(364		)	(109		)	1,368
Net income								249									249
Net other comprehensive income (loss)											(1		)				(1		)
Acquisition of treasury stock														(122		)	(122		)
Stock-based compensation expense					4												4
Stock issued under compensation plans														1			1
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans					(2		)										(2		)
Balance at October 31, 2018	$	25	$	47	$	4		$	2,016		$	(365	)	$	(230	)	$	1,497

Dividends. The following table shows the cash dividends declared per share on our Class A and Class B common stock during the six months ended October 31, 2018:



Declaration Date	Record Date	Payable Date	Amount per Share
May 24, 2018	June 6, 2018	July 3, 2018	$0.158
July 26, 2018	September 6, 2018	October 1, 2018	$0.158

As announced on November 15, 2018, our Board of Directors increased the quarterly cash dividend on our Class A and Class B common stock from $0.158 per share to $0.166 per share. Stockholders of record on December 6, 2018 will receive the quarterly cash dividend on January 2, 2019.

Accumulated other comprehensive income. The following table shows the change in each component of AOCI, net of tax, during the six months ended October 31, 2018:



(Dollars in millions)	Currency Translation Adjustments			Cash Flow Hedge Adjustments			Postretirement Benefits Adjustments			Total AOCI
Balance at April 30, 2018	$	(180	)	$	(17	)	$	(181	)	$	(378	)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	(39		)	45			7			13
Balance at October 31, 2018	$	(219	)	$	28		$	(174	)	$	(365	)