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TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Trade and other current receivables [abstract]  
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
Trade and other receivables consisted of the following items as of December 31:
20222021
Trade receivables (gross)*530 838 
Expected credit losses(84)(159)
Trade receivables (net)446 679 
Other receivable, net of expected credit losses allowance10 11 
Total trade and other receivables456 690 
* Includes contract assets (unbilled receivables), see Note 3 for further details
The following table summarizes the movement in the allowance for expected credit losses for the years ended December 31:
20222021
Balance as of January 1159 225 
Accruals for expected credit losses44 35 
Recoveries(6)(9)
Accounts receivable written off(64)(28)
Reclassifications(4)— 
Reclassification as held for sale(28)(56)
Foreign currency translation adjustment(15)(4)
Other movements(2)(4)
Balance as of December 3184 159 
Set out below is the information about the Group’s trade receivables (including contract assets) using a provision matrix:
Days past due
Unbilled ReceivablesCurrent< 30 daysBetween 31 and 120 days> 120 daysTotal
December 31, 2022
Expected loss rate, %0.0 %0.6 %15.4 %31.0 %97.1 %
Trade receivables37 356 39 29 69 530 
Expected credit losses— (2)(6)(9)(67)(84)
Trade receivables, net37 354 33 20 2 446 
December 31, 2021
Expected loss rate, %0.0 %1.8 %3.6 %33.3 %95.7 %
Trade receivables49 550 56 45 138 838 
Expected credit losses— (10)(2)(15)(132)(159)
Trade receivables, net49 540 54 30 6 679 
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are measured at amortized cost and include invoiced amounts less expected credit losses.
Expected credit losses
The expected credit loss allowance (“ECL”) is recognized for all receivables measured at amortized cost at each reporting date. This means that an ECL is recognized for all receivables even though there may not be objective evidence that the trade receivable has been impaired.
VEON applies the simplified approach (i.e. provision matrix) for calculating a lifetime ECL for its trade and other receivables, including unbilled receivables (contract assets). The provision matrix is based on the historical credit loss experience over the life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates if relevant. The provision matrix is reviewed on a quarterly basis. Refer to Note 18 for our credit risk management policy.