Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands

3 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Sep. 30, 2019

Sep. 30, 2020

Sep. 30, 2019

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Jun. 11, 2020

Oct. 28, 2019

May 16, 2019

Jul. 03, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) [Line Items]

Derivative and foreign currency translation, description

Interest expense from securities lending activities is incurred from equity and fixed income securities that are loaned to the Company and totaled $10,530 and $9,721 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $29,253 and $22,027 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Loan participations sold as of September 30, 2020 and 2019 totaled $13,919 and $28,872, respectively. Interest expense from loan participations sold totaled $445 for the three months ended September 30, 2020, and $1,416 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Interest expense from loan participations sold totaled $552 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.(d) Concentration of Risk Revenues in the Capital Markets, Valuation and Appraisal and Principal Investments — United Online and magicJack segments are currently primarily generated in the United States. Revenues in the Auction and Liquidation segment are primarily generated in the United States, Australia, Canada and Europe. Revenues in the Brands segment are primarily generated in the United States and Canada. The Company’s activities in the Auction and Liquidation segment are executed frequently with, and on behalf of, distressed customers and secured creditors. Concentrations of credit risk can be affected by changes in economic, industry, or geographical factors. The Company seeks to control its credit risk and potential risk concentration through risk management activities that limit the Company’s exposure to losses on any one specific liquidation services contract or concentration within any one specific industry. To mitigate the exposure to losses on any one specific liquidations services contract, the Company sometimes conducts operations with third parties through collaborative arrangements. The Company maintains cash in various federally insured banking institutions. The account balances at each institution periodically exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“FDIC”) insurance coverage, and as a result, there is a concentration of credit risk related to amounts in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company also has substantial cash balances from proceeds received from auctions and liquidation engagements that are distributed to parties in accordance with the collaborative arrangements. (e) Advertising Expenses The Company expenses advertising costs, which consist primarily of costs for printed materials, as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $560 and $437 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $2,264 and $1,383 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Advertising expense is included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income. (f) Share-Based Compensation The Company’s share-based payment awards principally consist of grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units and costs associated with the Company’s employee stock purchase plan. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, share-based payment awards are classified as either equity or liabilities. For equity-classified awards, the Company measures compensation cost for the grant of membership interests at fair value on the date of grant and recognizes compensation expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income over the requisite service or performance period the award is expected to vest. (g) Income Taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Company estimates the degree to which tax assets and credit carryforwards will result in a benefit based on expected profitability by tax jurisdiction. A valuation allowance for such tax assets and loss carryforwards is provided when it is determined to be more likely than not that the benefit of such deferred tax asset will not be realized in future periods. Tax benefits of operating loss carryforwards are evaluated on an ongoing basis, including a review of historical and projected future operating results, the eligible carryforward period, and other circumstances. If it becomes more likely than not that a tax asset will be used, the related valuation allowance on such assets would be reduced. The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. Once this threshold has been met, the Company’s measurement of its expected tax benefits is recognized in its financial statements. The Company accrues interest on unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, would be recognized as a component of income tax expense. (h) Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. (i) Restricted Cash As of September 30, 2020, restricted cash included $939 of cash collateral for foreign exchange contracts and $471 of collateral related to one of the Company’s telecommunication suppliers. As of December 31, 2019, restricted cash included $471 of collateral related to one of the Company’s telecommunication suppliers. (j) Securities Borrowed and Securities Loaned Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded based upon the amount of cash advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions facilitate the settlement process and require the Company to deposit cash or other collateral with the lender. With respect to securities loaned, the Company receives collateral in the form of cash. The amount of collateral required to be deposited for securities borrowed, or received for securities loaned, is an amount generally in excess of the market value of the applicable securities borrowed or loaned. The Company monitors the market value of the securities borrowed and loaned on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained, or excess collateral recalled, when deemed appropriate. The Company accounts for securities lending transactions in accordance with ASC “Topic 210: Balance Sheet,” which requires companies to report disclosures of offsetting assets and liabilities. The Company does not net securities borrowed and securities loaned and these items are presented on a gross basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. (k) Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Property and equipment held under finance leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was $967 and $1,163 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $2,798 and $4,186 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. (l) Loans Receivable The Company adopted the new credit loss standard effective January 1, 2020. Pursuant to ASU 2016-13 and its amendment ASU 2019-05, the Company elected the irrevocable fair value option for all outstanding loans receivable that were previously measured at amortized cost. Under the fair value option, loans receivable are measured at each reporting period based upon their exit value in an orderly transaction and unrealized gains or losses from changes in fair value are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of income. These loans are no longer subject to evaluation for impairment through an allowance for loan loss as such losses will be captured through fair value changes. The impact of adopting ASC 326 was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements. Loans receivable, at fair value totaled $344,339 and $43,338 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The loans have various maturities through December 2024. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the historical cost of loans receivable accounted for under the fair value option was $355,413 and $32,578, respectively, which included principal balances of $360,500 and $32,691 and unamortized costs, origination fees, premiums and discounts, totaling $5,087 and $113, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded unrealized gains (losses) of $141 and ($21,835), respectively on the loans receivable, at fair value, which is included in trading income (losses) and fair value adjustments on loans on the condensed consolidated statement of income. Prior to the adoption of the new credit loss standard effective January 1, 2020, at December 31, 2019 loans receivable, at historical cost totaled $225,848. Loans receivable, at cost are reported at their outstanding principal balances of $232,118 net of $6,270 of unearned income, and loan origination costs which includes unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans, and for purchased loans, net of any unamortized premiums or discounts. The Company may periodically provide limited guarantees to third parties for loans that are made to investment banking and lending customers. At September 30, 2020, the Company has provided limited guarantees with respect to the Franchise Group, Inc. (collectively with all of its affiliates, “FRG”) as further described in Note 17 and Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc. (“B&W”) as further described in Note 14(c). In accordance with the new credit loss standard, the Company evaluates the need to record an allowance for credit losses for these loan guarantees since they have off-balance sheet credit exposures. At September 30, 2020, the Company has not recorded any provision for credit losses on the FRG and B&W guarantees since the underlying guaranteed loans are senior to most of the outstanding debt of FRG and B&W and the Company believes that there is sufficient collateral to protect the Company from any credit loss exposure. The maximum amount of credit exposure related to these limited guarantees is approximately $205,000. Interest income on loans receivable is recognized based on the stated interest rate of the loan on the unpaid principal balance plus the amortization of any costs, origination fees, premiums and discounts and is included in interest income - loans and securities lending on the condensed consolidated statement of income. Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as adjustments to interest income over the lives of the related loans. Unearned income, discounts and premiums are amortized to interest income using a level yield methodology. (m) Securities and Other Investments Owned and Securities Sold Not Yet Purchased Securities and other investments owned consist of marketable securities and investments in partnership interests and other securities recorded at fair value. Securities sold, but not yet purchased represents obligations of the Company to deliver the specified security at the contracted price and thereby create a liability to purchase the security in the market at prevailing prices. Changes in the value of these securities are reflected currently in the results of operations. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s securities and other investments owned and securities sold not yet purchased at fair value consisted of the following securities: September 30, December 31, 2020 2019 Securities and other investments owned: Equity securities $392,674 $353,162 Corporate bonds 5,956 19,020 Other fixed income securities 3,557 8,414 Partnership interests and other 57,293 27,617 $459,480 $408,213 Securities sold not yet purchased: Equity securities $42,086 $5,360 Corporate bonds 4,490 33,436 Other fixed income securities 1,549 3,024 $48,125 $41,820 (n) Fair Value Measurements The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments that are highly liquid, observable and actively traded in over-the-counter markets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable and can be corroborated by market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. The Company’s securities and other investments owned and securities sold and not yet purchased are comprised of common and preferred stocks and warrants, corporate bonds, and investments in partnerships. Investments in common stocks that are based on quoted prices in active markets are included in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company also holds loans receivable valued at fair value, nonpublic common and preferred stocks and warrants for which there is little or no public market and fair value is determined by management on a consistent basis. For investments where little or no public market exists, management’s determination of fair value is based on the best available information which may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration various factors including earnings history, financial condition, recent sales prices of the issuer’s securities and liquidity risks. These investments are included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Investments in partnership interests include investments in private equity partnerships that primarily invest in equity securities, bonds, and direct lending funds. The Company also invests in priority investment funds and the underlying securities held by these funds are primarily corporate and asset-backed fixed income securities and restrictions exist on the redemption of amounts invested by the Company. The Company’s partnership and investment fund interests are valued based on the Company’s proportionate share of the net assets of the partnerships and funds; the value for these investments are derived from the most recent statements received from the general partner or fund administrator. These partnership and investment fund interests are valued at net asset value (“NAV”) in accordance with ASC “Topic 820: Fair Value Measurements.” The fair value of mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests is determined based on the issuance of similar interests for cash, references to industry comparables, and relied, in part, on information obtained from appraisal reports and internal valuation models. The following tables present information on the financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at September 30, 2020 Using Fair value at September 30, Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets Other observable inputs Significant unobservable inputs 2020 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Securities and other investments owned: Equity securities $392,674 $290,425 $— $102,249 Corporate bonds 5,956 — 5,956 — Other fixed income securities 3,557 — 3,557 — Investment funds valued at net asset value(1) 57,293 Total securities and other investments owned 459,480 290,425 9,513 102,249 Loans receivable, at fair value 344,339 — — 344,339 Total assets measured at fair value $803,819 $290,425 $9,513 $446,588 Liabilities: Securities sold not yet purchased: Equity securities $42,086 $42,086 $— $— Corporate bonds 4,490 — 4,490 — Other fixed income securities 1,549 — 1,549 — Total securities sold not yet purchased 48,125 42,086 6,039 — Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests issued after November 5, 2003 4,462 — — 4,462 Total liabilities measured at fair value $52,587 $42,086 $6,039 $4,462 Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at December 31, 2019 Using Fair value at December 31, 2019 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) Other observable inputs (Level 2) Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) Assets: Securities and other investments owned: Equity securities $353,162 $243,911 $— $109,251 Corporate bonds 19,020 — 19,020 — Other fixed income securities 8,414 — 8,414 — Investment funds valued at net asset value(1) 27,617 Total securities and other investments owned 408,213 243,911 27,434 109,251 Loans receivable, at fair value 43,338 — — 43,338 Total assets measured at fair value $451,551 $243,911 $27,434 $152,589 Liabilities: Securities sold not yet purchased: Equity securities $5,360 $5,360 $— $— Corporate bonds 33,436 — 33,436 — Other fixed income securities 3,024 — 3,024 — Total securities sold not yet purchased 41,820 5,360 36,460 — Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests issued after November 5, 2003 4,616 — — 4,616 Total liabilities measured at fair value $46,436 $5,360 $36,460 $4,616 (1)Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with ASC “Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements.” The fair value amounts presented in the tables above for investment funds valued at net asset value are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, financial assets measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 were $446,588 and $152,589, respectively, or 19.4% and 6.6%, respectively, of the Company’s total assets. In determining the fair value for these Level 3 financial assets, the Company analyzes various financial, performance and market factors to estimate the value, including where applicable, over-the-counter market trading activity. The following table summarizes the significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of level 3 financial assets and liabilities by category of investment and valuation technique as of September 30, 2020: Fair value at September 30, Weighted 2020 Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Range Average Assets: Equity securities $102,249 Market approach Multiple of revenue 2.49x - 6.29x 4.92x Multiple of EBITDA 5.50x - 10.00x 5.70x Multiple of PV-10 .28x .28x Market price of related security $0.43 - $4.00/share $1.39 Option pricing model Annualized volatility 107.0% 107.0% Loans receivable at fair value 344,339 Discounted cash flow Market interest rate 4.9%-17.3% 15% Market approach Market price of related security $0.43/share $0.43 Total level 3 assets measured at fair value $446,588 Liabilities: Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests issued after November 5, 2003 $4,462 Market approach Operating income multiple 6.0x 6.0x The changes in Level 3 fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: Level 3 Level 3 Changes During the Period Level 3 Balance at Fair Relating to Purchases, Transfer in Balance at Beginning of Value Undistributed Sales and and/or out End of Year Adjustments Earnings Settlements of Level 3 Period Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Equity securities $109,251 $(11,314) $— $4,984 $(672) $102,249 Loans receivable at fair value 43,338 (21,834) 3,134 93,853 225,848 344,339 Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests issued after November 5, 2003 4,616 — (154) — — 4,462 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Equity securities $24,577 $715 $1,424 $24,215 $— $50,931 Loans receivable at fair value 33,731 11,648 1,621 (11,489) — 35,511 Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests issued after November 5, 2003 4,633 — (238) — — 4,395 The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 and its amendment ASU 2019-05 effective January 1, 2020. Pursuant to ASU 2016-13 and its amendment ASU 2019-05, the Company elected the irrevocable fair value option for all outstanding loans receivable that were measured at amortized cost as of December 31, 2019. The loans receivable, at fair value are included in transfers into level 3 fair value assets in the above table. The amount reported in the table above for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 includes the amount of undistributed earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests that is distributed on a quarterly basis. The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate fair value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. As of September 30, 2020, the senior notes payable had a carrying amount of $854,926 and fair value of $845,227. The carrying amount of the term loan approximates fair value because the effective yield of such instrument is consistent with current market rates of interest for instruments of comparable credit risk. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, except for the impact of the intangible impairment charge as described in Note 7- Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, there were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets was determined based on a discounted cash flow model using a rate of 13.8%. The indefinite-lived intangible assets are level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy. (o) Derivative and Foreign Currency Translation The Company periodically uses derivative instruments, which primarily consist of the purchase of forward exchange contracts, for certain loans receivable and Auction and Liquidation engagements with operations outside the United States. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company’s use of derivatives consisted of the purchase of forward exchange contracts in the amount of 12,700 Euros, of which 2,000 Euros were settled. As of September 30, 2020, forward exchange contracts in the amount of 10,700 Euros were outstanding. The Company did not use any derivative contracts during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The forward exchange contracts were entered into to improve the predictability of cash flows related to a retail store liquidation engagement and a loan receivable. The net loss from forward exchange contracts was $16 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This amount is reported as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The Company transacts business in various foreign currencies. In countries where the functional currency of the underlying operations has been determined to be the local country’s currency, revenues and expenses of operations outside the United States are translated into United States dollars using average exchange rates while assets and liabilities of operations outside the United States are translated into United States dollars using period-end exchange rates. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Transaction (loss) gains were ($97) and $446 during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $413 and $121 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These amounts are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. (p) Common Stock Warrants The Company issued 821,816 warrants to purchase common stock of the Company (the “Wunderlich Warrants”) in connection with the acquisition of Wunderlich Securities, Inc. (“Wunderlich”) on July 3, 2017. The Wunderlich Warrants entitle the holders of the warrants to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock from the Company at an exercise price of $17.50 per share, subject to, among other matters, the proper completion of an exercise notice and payment. The exercise price and the number of shares of Company common stock issuable upon exercise are subject to customary anti-dilution and adjustment provisions, which include stock splits, subdivisions or reclassifications of the Company’s common stock. On May 16, 2019, the Company repurchased 638,311 warrants for $2,777 ($4.35 per warrant). On June 11, 2020, 167,352 warrants held in escrow from the acquisition of Wunderlich were cancelled in accordance with the terms of the escrow instructions. The Wunderlich Warrants expire on July 3, 2022. As of September 30, 2020, Wunderlich Warrants to purchase 16,153 shares of common stock were outstanding. On October 28, 2019, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to purchase common stock of the Company (the “BR Brands Warrants”) in connection with the acquisition of a majority ownership interest in BR Brand Holdings LLC. The BR Brand Warrants entitle the holders of the warrants to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock from the Company at an exercise price of $26.24 per share. One-third of the BR Brand Warrants immediately vested and became exercisable upon issuance, and the remaining two-thirds of warrants will vest and become exercisable following the first and/or second anniversaries of the closing, subject to BR Brand’s (or another related joint venture with Bluestar Alliance LLC) satisfaction of specified financial performance targets. The BR Brand warrants expire three years after the last vesting event occurs. (q) Equity Investments bebe stores, inc. At September 30, 2020, the Company had a 30.5% ownership interest in bebe stores, inc. (“bebe”). The equity ownership in bebe is accounted for under the equity method of accounting and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. National Holdings Corporation In 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire shares of National Holdings Corporation (“National Holdings”), a Nasdaq-listed issuer, from Fortress Biotech, Inc. for an aggregate purchase price totaling approximately $22.9 million. The transaction was completed in two tranches. In the first tranche, which was completed in the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company acquired shares representing 24% of the total outstanding shares of National Holdings. The second tranche was completed in the first quarter of 2019. As of September 30, 2020, the Company owned 6,159,550 shares of National Holdings’ common stock, representing 45.3% of National Holdings’ outstanding shares. The carrying value for the National Holdings investment is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The equity ownership in National Holdings is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. As of September 30, 2020, the carrying values of the Company’s investments in bebe and National Holdings exceeded their fair values based on their quoted market prices. In light of these facts, the Company evaluated its investments in bebe and National Holdings for impairment. The Company utilized no bright- line tests in such evaluations. Based on the available facts and information regarding the operating results of both entities, the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investments until recovery, the relative amount of the declines, and the length of time that the fair values were less than the carrying values, the Company concluded that recognition of impairment losses in earnings was not required. However, the Company will continue to monitor these investments and it is possible that impairment losses will be recorded in earnings in future periods based on changes in facts and circumstances or intentions. (r) Loan Participations Sold As of September 30, 2020, the Company has sold investments (“Loan Participations Sold”) to third parties (“Participants”) that are accounted for as secured borrowings under ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing. Under ASC Topic 860, a partial loan transfer does not qualify for sale accounting in order for sale treatment to be allowed. A participation or other partial loan transfer that meets the definition of a participating interest is classified as loan receivable and the portion transferred is recorded as a secured borrowing under loan participations sold in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Participants are entitled to payments made by the borrower of the related loan equal to the current Loan Participations Sold outstanding at the interest rates for the respective investment. In the event that the borrower defaults, the Participants have rights to payments from such borrower, but do not have recourse to the Company. The terms of the Loan Participations Sold are commensurate with the terms of the related loan. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had entered into participation agreements for a total of $13,919. In addition, the interest income and interest expense related to the Loan Participations Sold resulted in interest income and interest expense which is presented gross on the condensed consolidated statement of income. (s) Supplemental Non-cash Disclosures During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, non-cash investing activities included $4,633 non-cash conversion of an equity method investment and $9,778 conversion of loans receivable to shares of stock. (t) Reclassifications As of December 31, 2019, loans receivable recorded at fair value of $43,338 were previously included in securities and other investments owned, at fair value. These loans receivable amounts have been reclassified and reported in loans receivable, at fair value to conform to the 2020 presentation. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, trading income and fair value adjustments on loans of $40,268 and $71,730, respectively were previously included in services and fees income in the capital markets segment. These trading income and fair value adjustments on loans amounts have been reclassified and reported in trading income and fair value adjustments on loans to conform to the 2020 presentation. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, expenses of $4,505 and $13,495, respectively, were previously included in direct cost of services in the valuation and appraisal segment. These expenses have been reclassified and reported in selling, general and administrative expenses to conform to the 2020 presentation. (u) Variable Interest Entity In 2018, the operations of GACP II, LP, a private debt investment limited partnership (the “Partnership”) commenced operations. The Company’s investment in the Partnership is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) since the unaffiliated limited partners do not have substantive kick- out or participating rights to remove the Company’s subsidiary that is the general partner managing the Partnership. The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary due to the fact that its fee arrangements are considered at-market and thus not deemed to be variable interests, and it does not hold any other interests in the Partnership that are considered to be more than insignificant. The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion at each reporting date. In evaluating whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company evaluates its economic interests in the entity held either directly by the Company or indirectly through related parties. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily apparent that the Company is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. The carrying value of the Company’s investments in the VIE that was not consolidated is shown below. Partnership investments $20,308 Due from related party 372 Maximum exposure to loss $20,680 (v) Recent Accounting Standards Not yet adopted In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions for recognizing deferred taxes on investments, performing intra-period allocations, and calculating income taxes in interim periods. The ASU also adds guidance to reduce the complexity in certain areas, including recognizing deferred taxes for tax goodwill and allocating taxes to members of a consolidated group. The revised guidance will be applied prospectively and is effective for SEC filers for annual periods or interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual periods for which financial statements have not been issued. The Company has not yet adopted this update and is currently evaluating the effect this new standard will have on its financial condition and results of operations. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. This Update addresses issues identified as a result of the complexity associated with applying generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. In addressing the complexity, the Board focused on amending the guidance on convertible instruments and the guidance on the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, the Board decided to reduce the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. In addition to eliminating certain accounting models, the ASU also provides guidance to enhance information transparency by making targeted improvements to the disclosures for convertible instruments and earnings-per-share (EPS) guidance. Additionally, the ASU amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions, and to amend the related EPS guidance. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company has not yet adopted this update and is currently evaluating the effect, if any, this new standard will have on its financial condition and results of operations. In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-08, Codification Improvements to Subtopic 310-20, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs. The amendments in this Update clarify that an entity should reevaluate whether a callable debt security is within the scope of paragraph 310-20-35-33 for each reporting period. The Update is intended to clarify the Codification and make the Codification easier to understand and easier to apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company has not yet adopted this update and is currently evaluating the effect, if any, this new standard will have on its financial condition and results of operations Recently adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments − Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). This standard requires an allowance to be recorded for all expected credit losses for certain financial assets. The new standard introduces an approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments − Credit Losses (Topic 326); Targeted Transition Relief,” which allows entities to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the fair value option on financial instruments that (1) were previously recorded at amortized cost and (2) are within the scope of ASC 326-20 if the instruments are eligible for the fair value option under ASC 825-10. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2019-05 are effective for public companies for interim and annual period beginning December 15, 2019. The Company adopted the new credit losses standard effective January 1, 2020. Pursuant to ASU 2016-13 and its amendment ASU 2019-05, the Company elected the irrevocable fair value option for all outstanding loans receivable that were previously measured at amortized cost. Under the fair value option, loans receivable are now measured at each reporting period based upon their exit value in an orderly transaction and unrealized gains or losses from changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statements of income. These loans are no longer subject to evaluation for impairment through an allowance for loan loss as such losses will be captured through fair value changes. The impact of adopting ASC 326 was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements.