The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company as well as its wholly owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management uses significant judgment when making estimates in the determination of stock-based compensation, deferred income tax valuation allowance, capitalized internal-use software, depreciation of property and equipment, allowance for credit losses, revenue recognition, valuation of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities, common stock warrant liability and for periods prior to the Company’s IPO, the fair value of convertible debt, the valuation of common stock and derivative liability. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors and adjusts those estimates and assumptions as facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

The Company operates and manages its business as one reportable and operating segment, which is the business of non-invasive CAD detection solutions. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), reviews financial information, including revenue and net loss, presented on a

consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.

The Company’s measure of segment profit or loss is consolidated net loss, which is used by the CODM to measure actual results versus expectations, set performance metrics, and develop the annual budget to achieve the Company’s long-term objectives. Significant segment expenses within consolidated net loss includes cost of revenue, research and development, and selling, general and administrative expenses, which are each separately presented on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Other expense items that are presented on the consolidated statements of operations include interest income, interest expense, changes in fair value of warrant liability, change in fair value of derivative liability, loss on extinguishment of debt, other income, net, and provision for income taxes.

The following table is representative of the significant expense categories regularly provided to the CODM when managing the Company’s single reporting segment and includes a reconciliation to the consolidated net loss shown in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):


			Year Ended December 31,
			2025		2024		2023
Revenue			$	176,034	$	125,808	$	87,174
Less⁽¹⁾:
	Cost of revenue			40,837		31,359		29,123
	Research and development expenses
		Research and development		38,673		25,983		22,330
		Regulatory and clinical		26,245		17,534		13,524
	Selling, general and administrative expenses
		Sales		75,709		66,895		53,374
		Marketing		19,146		14,470		9,949
		General and administrative		39,490		30,789		31,788
	Loss from operations			(64,066)		(61,222)		(72,914)
		Other income (expense), net⁽²⁾		(52,801)		(35,151)		(22,194)
		(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		76		(53)		(547)
	Segment net loss		$	(116,791)	$	(96,426)	$	(95,655)

(1) The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM.

(2)Other income (expense), net represents the consolidated amounts for interest income, interest expense, change in fair value of convertible note, change in fair value of common stock warrant liability, change in fair value of derivative liability, loss on extinguishment of debt and other income (expense), net as shown on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company derives revenue and has long-lived assets primarily in the United States of America. Revenue by geography is further described in Note 3.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of amounts invested in money market accounts.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the total shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):


	December 31,
	2025		2024		2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	44,776	$	51,367	$	122,767
Restricted cash		4,709		4,475		4,467
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	49,485	$	55,842	$	127,234

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, restricted cash primarily represents deposits held as security in connection with the Company’s facility lease agreements.

Investments

Short-term and long-term investments consist of debt securities classified as available-for-sale. Short-term investments have original maturities greater than 90 days, but less than one year as of the balance sheet date. Long-term investments have maturities greater than one year as of the balance sheet date. All investments are recorded at fair value based on the fair value hierarchy. Unrealized gains and losses, deemed temporary in nature, are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived based on the specific-identification method for determining the costs of investments sold. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are reported as a component of interest income.

A decline in the fair value of any security below cost that is deemed other than temporary results in a charge to earnings and the corresponding establishment of a new cost basis for the investment. The Company evaluates the securities in an unrealized loss position for expected credit losses by considering factors such as historical experience, market data, issuer-specific factors, current economic conditions and credit ratings. The Company did not recognize any credit losses on its available-for-sale securities during the year ended December 31, 2025 and there were no impairment charges for unrealized losses during the period. The Company had no investments during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability.

The Company discloses and recognizes the fair value of its assets and liabilities using a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation (Level 3 measurements). The accounting guidance establishes three levels of the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1 - Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments carried at amortized cost, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities and market interest rates, if applicable. Management believed that the Company’s Term Loan (as defined in Note 8) and 2025 Convertible Notes (as defined below in this Note 2) then outstanding bore interest at the prevailing market rates for instruments with similar characteristics; accordingly, the carrying value of these instruments approximated their fair value as of December 31, 2024. Fair value accounting is applied to investments, common stock warrant liability and derivative liability. No common stock warrant liability or derivative liability were outstanding as of December 31, 2025.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments, restricted cash and accounts receivable. The Company maintains bank deposits in federally insured financial institutions and these deposits may at times exceed federally insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its cash deposits. The Company currently has full control of its cash and cash equivalents balance. Cash equivalents are invested in highly rated money market funds. The Company invests in a variety of financial instruments, such as, but not limited to, commercial paper, corporate bonds/notes, U.S. government securities, U.S. treasury bills, agency bonds/notes, and, by policy, limits the amount of credit exposure with any one financial institution or commercial issuer. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents or investments.

No single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s revenue during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

No single customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Accounts Receivable

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and generally extends credit to customers without requiring collateral. Accounts receivable are recorded at the amounts billed less estimated allowances for credit losses for any potential uncollectible amounts. The Company continually monitors customer payments and maintains an allowance for estimated losses resulting from a customer’s inability to make required payments. The Company considers factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable balances, geographic related risks and economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. Accounts receivable are written-off and charged against an allowance for credit losses when the Company has exhausted collection efforts without success.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of assets, which generally ranges from two to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of their useful life or the remaining life of the lease. Upon sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in results from operations in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment at least annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When factors indicate that long-lived assets should be evaluated for possible impairment, the Company uses an estimate of the related undiscounted future cash flows over the remaining useful life of the long-lived assets in measuring whether they are recoverable. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, a loss is recorded as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. No assets were determined to be impaired during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

Deferred Offering Costs

The Company capitalizes certain legal, accounting and other third-party fees that are directly associated with in-process equity financings as deferred offering costs until such financings are consummated. After consummation of the equity financing, these costs are recorded as a reduction of the proceeds from the offering, either as a reduction of the carrying value of preferred stock or in stockholders’ equity (deficit) as a reduction of additional paid-in capital generated as a result of the offering. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, deferred offering costs of $0 and $413,000,

respectively, were capitalized within other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The deferred offering costs were reclassified as a reduction to equity as a result of the closing of the IPO in August 2025.

Internal-Use Software

The Company capitalizes certain costs related to internal-use software during the application development stage. Costs related to planning and post implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Capitalized internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life, which is generally two years, after the product is deployed and ready for use. The Company evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. Capitalized internal-use software costs are classified as a component of property and equipment, net.

Leases

At the inception of a contractual arrangement, the Company determines whether the contract contains a lease by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration over a period of time.

An ROU asset and corresponding lease liability are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. An ROU asset represents the right to control the use of an identified asset over the lease term and a lease liability represents the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments, as the discount rate implicit in the lease is not readily available. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liabilities include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The Company elected to account for contracts that contain lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s only leases were for its facilities, which are classified as operating leases with lease expense recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease costs, which primarily consist of common area maintenance, taxes, and utility charges are expensed as incurred. The Company does not have any finance leases.

Term Loan

Prior to its repayment in August 2025, the Term Loan (as defined in Note 8) was accounted for at amortized cost. Original debt issuance costs were deferred and presented as a reduction to the carrying value of the Term Loan. Debt discount and debt issuance costs were amortized using the effective interest method and recorded in interest expense within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 8 for information about the repayment of the 2024 Term Loan and termination of the 2024 Credit Agreement.

Upon repayment of the 2024 Term Loan, the remaining unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs were recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

2022 Convertible Notes

The Company issued Convertible Notes from September 2022 to December 2022, which were all converted to Series F-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock in March 2023. Refer to Notes 9 for additional information. The Convertible Notes contained embedded features that provided the Note Investors with multiple settlement alternatives. Rather than accounting for the embedded features that qualified as derivatives separately, the Company elected to account for the Convertible Notes at fair value each reporting period. Debt issuance costs were expensed as incurred. Until their conversion in March 2023, the Company recognized the changes in fair value (including interest) as change in fair value of convertible note within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

2025 Convertible Notes

The Company issued convertible notes in January and March 2025 (the “2025 Convertible Notes”) to various investors and certain employees (the “Requisite Holders”), which were accounted for at amortized cost. Debt issuance costs were deferred and presented as a reduction to the carrying value of the 2025 Convertible Notes prior to their conversion upon the IPO. The Company determined that certain features of the 2025 Convertible Notes contained embedded derivatives that provided the Requisite Holders with multiple settlement alternatives, and the embedded features that qualified as derivatives were accounted for separately. Debt discount and debt issuance costs were amortized using the effective interest method and recorded to interest expense within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company recognized the changes in fair value of the derivative liability as changes in fair value of derivative liability within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss through the IPO date. Upon the closing of the Company’s IPO, the aggregate principal balance of the 2025 Convertible Notes of $98.3 million converted into 6,470,743 shares of common stock, and the derivative liability balance of $24.6 million and the remaining unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs of $28.8 million were reclassified to additional paid-in capital. Refer to Note 9 and Note 13 for additional information

Common Stock Warrants

Prior to its net exercise in October 2025, the Company’s warrants to purchase common stock that were issued in connection with the Term Loan were classified as a liability. The warrants were recorded at fair value upon issuance and were subject to remeasurement to fair value at each balance sheet date, with any changes in fair value recognized as change in fair value of common stock warrant within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Refer to Note 12 for additional information.

Embedded Derivatives

Prior to its refinancing in June 2024, the Term Loan (as defined in Note 8) contained certain prepayment features, a default put option and default interest adjustment features that were determined to be embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation and separate accounting as a single compound derivative, as discussed in Note 13. The impact of bifurcation of the embedded derivative on the date of issuance was reflected as a debt discount. The fair value of the derivative liability related to the Company’s Term Loan, as discussed in Note 8, was estimated using a scenario-based analysis comparing the probability-weighted present value of the Term Loan payoff at maturity with and without the bifurcated features. This method isolates the value of the embedded derivative by measuring the difference in the host contract’s value with and without the isolated features. The resulting cash flows were discounted at the Company’s borrowing rate, as adjusted for fluctuations in the market interest rate from the inception of the Company’s comparative borrowings to the reporting date, to measure the fair value of the embedded derivative. Until its derecognition in June 2024, the derivative liability was remeasured to fair value at each reporting period, and the related change was reflected as change in fair value of derivative liability on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Prior to their conversion upon the IPO, the 2025 Convertible Notes contained certain settlement features and default put options that were determined to be embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation and separate accounting as a single compound derivative, as discussed in Note 13. The impact of the bifurcation of the embedded derivatives on the date of issuances in January and March 2025 was reflected as a debt discount. The fair value of the derivative liability related to the Company’s 2025 Convertible Notes, as discussed in Note 9, were estimated using a scenario-based analysis comparing the probability-weighted present value of the 2025 Convertible Notes with and without the bifurcated features. This method isolates the value of the embedded derivatives by measuring the difference in the host contract’s value with and without the isolated features. To measure the fair value of the embedded derivatives, the resulting cash flows were discounted using appropriate discount rates that reflect the overall implied risk of the instruments based on their purchase prices and adjusted for fluctuations in the market and Company interest rates when necessary. Prior to the Company’s IPO, the derivative liability was remeasured to fair value at each reporting period and the related change was reflected as a change in fair value of derivative liability on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss until the conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes in connection with the IPO in August 2025.

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

Prior to its IPO, the Company recorded redeemable convertible preferred stock at fair value on the dates of issuance, net of issuance costs, which was classified outside of stockholders’ equity (deficit) because the preferred shares were contingently redeemable upon the occurrence of an event that is outside of the Company’s control. Upon the closing of the Company’s IPO, all shares of convertible preferred stock then outstanding automatically converted into an aggregate of 51,226,348 shares of common stock.

Revenue Recognition

The Company sells its Heartflow Platform to medical providers in the United States and in select international markets. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company identified a single performance obligation, which is comprised of a highly interdependent bundle of goods or services that are not distinct on their own but are as a group and consists of the requested analysis, including an image file and related licenses and support. Revenue recognition commences only after completion of installation, implementation and training for new customer accounts. The Company’s service consists of providing a visualization of the patient’s coronary arteries and enables physicians to create more effective treatment plans. This service is normally billable upon delivery of the analysis to the physician. Payment terms are generally net 30 days.

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is from usage-driven fees and generated on a “pay per click” basis each time a physician orders the Company’s Heartflow FFR_CTAnalysis and Plaque Analysis. Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the customer, at an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those services. The Company recognizes usage-driven fee revenue upon delivery of the requested analysis to the physician, which is when control of these services is transferred to the customer. The Company recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the contract term for subscriptions where the customer pays a fixed amount upfront for unlimited analyses. Contracts with customers typically include a fixed amount of consideration and are generally cancellable with 30 days’ written notice.

The transaction price consists of fixed consideration and variable consideration related to utilization and volume rebates for reimbursement claims from government and commercial payors which are known and determinable based on the number of analyses delivered within each quarterly period. The transaction price (inclusive of both fixed consideration and variable consideration that is not constrained) is recognized as revenue when control transfers. The Company uses a portfolio approach to estimate variable consideration using the expected value method.

Unbilled Receivables

Unbilled receivables generally represent revenue in which the Company has satisfied its performance obligation prior to invoicing. The Company records unbilled receivables within accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets, based on the Company’s unconditional right to payment at the end of the applicable period.

Contract Costs

Costs associated with product revenue include a flat rate commission per analysis and new customer site commissions as well as implementation and onboarding costs. The Company capitalizes new customer site

commissions and certain contract fulfillment costs, which include implementation and onboarding costs that are considered to be incremental to the acquisition of new customer contracts. Capitalized contract fulfillment costs are amortized over an estimated period of benefit of two years and capitalized new site commission costs are amortized over an estimated period of benefit of three years. The estimated period of benefit is determined by evaluating average customer life, the nature of the related benefit, and the specific facts and circumstances of the arrangements. The Company evaluates these assumptions at least annually and periodically reviews whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the period of benefit.

The Company expenses flat rate commissions when incurred as commensurate with its usage-driven fee revenue recognition and amortizes capitalized new customer site commissions to selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. During the year ended December 31, 2023, new site commission costs were not capitalized as the amount was not material. The Company amortizes capitalized contract fulfillment costs to cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied. It includes contract liabilities and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods and does not include contracts where the customer is not committed. The customer is considered not committed when they are able to terminate for convenience without payment of a substantive penalty under the contract. Additionally, as a practical expedient, the Company has not disclosed the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

Contract Liabilities

The Company records contract liabilities when billings or payments are received in advance of revenue recognition. The contract liabilities balance is reduced as the revenue recognition criteria is met, generally within 12 months. Once services are available to customers, the Company records amounts due in accounts receivable, net and contract liabilities within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. To the extent the Company bills customers in advance of the billing period commencement date, the accounts receivable and corresponding contract liabilities amount are netted to zero on the consolidated balance sheets, unless such amounts have been paid as of the balance sheet date.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consists of personnel and related expenses, including stock-based compensation costs, primarily related to our production team. Additional costs include third-party hosting fees, amortization of capitalized internal-use software, amortization of contract fulfillment costs as well as royalties associated with technology licenses used in connection with the delivery of the Company’s product and allocated overhead, which includes facilities expenses, equipment, depreciation and technology services. These costs are partially offset by capitalized contract fulfillment costs. The role of the production team is to support the Company’s patient case volume revenue by performing defined quality-related activities on CCTA scans submitted by its customers for analysis. The portion of these costs that supports patient case volume revenue is recorded as cost of revenue. The production team also supports activities in the Company’s clinical trials and research and development, which are allocated as research and development expense.

Research and Development

Costs related to research, design, development, clinical studies, regulatory activities, and medical affairs are charged to research and development and are expensed as incurred. These costs include, but are not limited to, personnel and related expenses, clinical trials, stock-based compensation costs, third-party consulting costs, the portion of the costs incurred by the production team to support clinical trials and research and development efforts, and allocated overhead, including rent, equipment, depreciation and utilities.

Clinical Trials

The Company accrues and expenses costs for its clinical trial activities performed by third parties, including clinical research organizations and other service providers, based upon estimates of the work completed over the life of the individual study in accordance with associated agreements. The Company determines these estimates through discussion with internal personnel and outside service providers as to progress or stage of completion of trials or services pursuant to contracts with clinical research organizations and other service providers and the agreed-upon fee to be paid for such services.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs includes design and production costs, including website development, testimonial videos, written media campaigns and other items. Advertising costs of $2.0 million, $1.5 million and $778,000 was expensed during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for share-based payments at fair value. The grant date fair value of options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Option awards vest based on the satisfaction of a service requirement and stock-based compensation expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the applicable service period, which is generally four years. For performance-based stock options, the Company will assess the probability of performance conditions being achieved in each reporting period. The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized in any one period related to performance-based stock options can vary based on the achievement or anticipated achievement of the performance conditions. Forfeitures are recognized in the period in which the forfeiture occurs.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for restricted stock units at their fair value, based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. These costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is usually the vesting period.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for its employee stock purchase plan based on the estimated fair value of the options on the date of grant. The Company estimates the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model for each purchase period. These costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the offering period.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. As a result of the history of net operating losses, the Company has provided for a full valuation allowance in the United States against the deferred tax assets for assets that are not more-likely-than-not to be realized.

The Company applies a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure in the consolidated financial statements of any uncertain tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken on a tax return using a two-step approach. The first step is to evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. For tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, the second step is to measure the tax benefit in the financial statements as the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained upon settlement. Significant judgment is required to evaluate uncertain tax positions. Changes in facts and circumstances could have a material impact on the Company’s effective tax rate and results of operations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss, changes in unrealized gains and losses on investments classified as available-for-sale and foreign currency translation gains and losses.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the local currency except for Heartflow International Sarl, which was the U.S. Dollar. For all non-functional currency balances, the remeasurement of such balances to the functional currency results in either a foreign exchange transaction gain or loss, which is recorded within other income, net within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company recognized foreign exchange transaction losses of $216,000, $269,000 and $172,000 during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized $191,000, $(271,000) and $(504,000) of foreign currency translation gain (loss), respectively, in the statements of comprehensive loss related to foreign subsidiaries which have local functional currencies.

Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, the redeemable convertible preferred stock, common stock warrants, common stock options and restricted stock units are considered to be potentially dilutive securities.

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities as the redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock subject to repurchase are considered participating securities. The Company’s participating securities do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses. As such, the net loss is attributed entirely to common stockholders. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because the effects of potentially dilutive items were anti-dilutive given the Company’s net loss position during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and has elected not to “opt out” of the extended transition related to complying with new or revised accounting standards, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and nonpublic companies, the Company will adopt the new or revised standard at the time nonpublic companies adopt the new or revised standard and will do so until such time that the Company either (i) irrevocably elects to “opt out” of such extended transition period or (ii) no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company. The Company may choose to early adopt any new or revised accounting standards whenever such early adoption is permitted for nonpublic companies.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires enhanced income tax disclosures, including specific categories and disaggregation of information in the effective tax rate reconciliation, disaggregated information related to income taxes paid, income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit, and income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company adopted ASU 2023-09

prospectively, which had a disclosure only impact on its consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 17 for additional details.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires more detailed disclosures about specified categories of expenses (including employee compensation, depreciation, and amortization) included in certain expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The amendments may be applied either (i) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this ASU or (ii) retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this pronouncement on the disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides a practical expedient related to the estimation of expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606: Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The practical expedient permits an entity to assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the current accounts receivable and current contract assets. This ASU is effective for the Company on January 1, 2026. The Company does not expect adoption of this pronouncement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which amends certain aspects of the accounting for and disclosure of software costs under ASC 350-40 by removing all references to project development stages and provides new guidance on how to evaluate whether the probable-to-complete recognition threshold has been met to begin capitalizing software costs. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The ASU may be applied on a prospective, retrospective or modified prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.