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2. Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2013
Notes  
2. Significant Accounting Policies

2.     Significant Accounting Policies

 

(a)   Basis of Presentation

The financial statements and the related notes of the Company are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and are expressed in Canadian dollars.  The Company’s fiscal year-end is January 31.  

 

(b)   Use of Estimates

           The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of long-lived assets, valuation of convertible debentures, assumptions used to determine the fair values of stock-based compensation and derivative liabilities, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.

 

(c)   Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents. As at January 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no cash equivalents.

 

(d)   Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is comprised of office equipment and is recorded at cost.  The Company amortizes the cost of equipment on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life of five years. 

 

 

(e)   Long-lived Assets

In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”, the Company tests long-lived assets or asset groups for recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed significantly before the end of its estimated useful life. Recoverability is assessed based on the carrying amount of the asset and its fair value, which is generally determined based on the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and the eventual disposal of the asset, as well as specific appraisal in certain instances. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.

 

(f)    Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock-Based Compensation, using the fair value method. All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable.

 

(g)   Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative financial instruments that are not classified as equity and are not used in hedging relationships are measured at fair value.  Subsequent changes to fair value are recorded in the statement of operations. 

 

(h)   Loss Per Share

The Company computes net loss per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti dilutive. As at January 31, 2013, the Company has 148,529,182 (2012 – 23,865,909) potentially dilutive shares.

 

 

(i)     Comprehensive Loss

ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive loss and its components in the financial statements.  As at January 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no items representing comprehensive income or loss.

 

(j)     Research and Development Costs

Research costs are expensed in the period that they are incurred. 

 

 

(k)   Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. The asset and liability method provides that deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized.  As of January 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company did not have any amounts recorded pertaining to uncertain tax positions.

The Company files federal and provincial income tax returns in Canada. The Company may be subject to a reassessment of federal and provincial income taxes by Canadian tax authorities for a period of three years from the date of the original notice of assessment in respect of any particular taxation year. For Canadian tax returns, the open taxation years range from 2002 to 2012. Tax authorities of Canada have not audited any of the Company’s income tax returns for the open taxation years noted above.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in tax expense. During the years ended January 31, 2013 and 2012, there were no charges for interest or penalties.

 

(l)     Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measures

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1

Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

                         Level 2

Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Level 3

Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, amounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, amounts due to related parties, loan payable, and convertible debentures. Pursuant to ASC 820, the fair value of our cash is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. We believe that the recorded values of all of our other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations.

 

(m)  Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s functional currency and its reporting currency is the Canadian dollar and foreign currency transactions are primarily undertaken in United States dollars. Monetary assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date.  Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction.  Expenses are translated at average rates for the period.  Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of income.

 

(n)   Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.