EX-99.4 5 grownrogue_ex99-4.htm EXHIBIT 4

 

Exhibit 4

 

 

 

 

 

GROWN ROGUE INTERNATIONAL INC.

 

 

 

FORM 51-102F1

 

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS

 

FOR THE TWO MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Management’s Responsibilities for Financial Reporting   3
Forward-Looking Statements   4
Description of Business   4
Selected Financial Information   10
Results of Operations   11
Summary of Quarterly Results   15
Liquidity   15
Capital Resources   19
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements   20
Transactions with Related Parties   20
Other Selected Financial Information   23
Outstanding Share Data   25
Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimation Uncertainties   26
Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements   26
Financial Instruments and Other Risk Factors   27
Subsequent Events   30
Regulatory Disclosure   31
Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls   41

 

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This Management Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) made as of April 29, 2024, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Grown Rogue International Inc. (the “Company”, “Grown Rogue”, (“we”, “our”, or “us”) for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023 (the “Reporting Period”), and the related notes thereto (the “Financial Statements”). The Company’s Financial Statements are presented on a consolidated basis with its wholly-owned subsidiary, Grown Rogue Unlimited, LLC (“GR Unlimited”), and GR Unlimited’s wholly-owned subsidiaries: Grown Rogue Gardens, LLC (“GR Gardens”), GRU Properties, LLC (“GRU Properties”), GRIP, LLC (“GRIP”), and Grown Rogue Distribution, LLC (“GR Distribution”); as well as GR Unlimited’s 87% interest in GR Michigan, LLC (“GR Michigan”), and GR Unlimited’s 87% interest in Canopy Management, LLC (“Canopy”), which owns 60% of Golden Harvests, LLC (“Golden Harvests”). During the year ended October 31, 2023, the Company announced that it had exercised its option to obtain 87% of the membership units of Canopy (through GR Unlimited). Grown Rogue’s reporting currency is the United States dollar and all amounts in this MD&A are expressed in United States dollars unless otherwise noted. The Company’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar while all subsidiaries use USD as the functional currency. The use of “CAD$” refers to Canadian dollars.

 

The Company’s comparative information included in this MD&A has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).

 

Additional information relating to the Company is also available on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR+) at www.sedarplus.ca. The common shares of GRIN are listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the symbol “GRIN”.

 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

 

The Financial Statements have been prepared by management in accordance with IFRS and have been approved by the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”). The integrity and objectivity of the Financial Statements are the responsibility of management. In addition, management is responsible for ensuring that the information contained in the MD&A is consistent where appropriate, with the information contained in the Financial Statements.

 

The Financial Statements may contain certain amounts based on estimates and judgments. Management has determined such amounts on a reasonable basis to ensure that the Financial Statements are presented fairly in all material respects.

 

As the Company is a Venture Issuer (as defined under under National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings) (“NI 52-109”), the Company and Management are not required to include representations relating to the evaluation, design, establishment and/or maintenance of disclosure controls and procedures (“DC&P”) and/or Internal Controls over Financial Reporting (“ICFR”), as defined in NI 52-109, nor has it completed such an evaluation. Inherent limitations on the ability of the certifying officers to design and implement on a cost-effective basis DC&P and ICFR for the issuer may result in additional risks of quality, reliability, transparency and timeliness of interim and annual filings and other reports provided under securities legislation.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This MD&A contains information and projections based on current expectations. Certain statements herein may constitute “forward-looking” statements which involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company, or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. When used in this MD&A, such statements use such words as “will”, “may”, “could”, “intends”, “potential”, “plans”, “believes”, “expects”, “projects”, “estimates”, “anticipates”, “continue”, “potential”, “predicts” or “should” and other similar terminology. These statements reflect expectations regarding future events and performance but speak only as of the date of this MD&A. Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to planned acquisitions, strategic partnerships or other transactions and expansions not yet concluded, including the timing thereof; plans to market, sell and distribute products; market competition; plans to retain and recruit personnel; the ability to secure funding; and the ability to obtain regulatory and other approvals are all forward-looking information.

 

These statements should not be read as guarantees of future performance or results. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from those implied by such statements.

 

There can be no assurance that any intended or proposed activity or transaction will occur or that, if any such action or transaction is undertaken, it will be completed on terms currently intended by the Company. The Company assumes no responsibility to update or revise forward-looking information to reflect new events or circumstances unless required by law.

 

Although the Company believes that the expectations and assumptions on which the forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on the forward-looking statements because the Company can give no assurance that they will prove to be correct. Since forward-looking statements address future events and conditions, by their very nature they involve inherent risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements herein speak only as of the date hereof. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated due to a number of factors and risks including those described in this MD&A under “Risk Factors” and in section 17 of the Company’s Listing Statement dated November 15, 2018, which can be found under the Company’s profile on www.sedarplus.ca.

 

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

Grown Rogue, headquartered in Medford, Oregon, is a craft cannabis1 company focused on delighting customers with premium flower and flower-derived products at fair prices. Our roots are in Southern Oregon where we have demonstrated our capabilities in the highly competitive and discerning Oregon market by becoming the number one flower producer in Oregon in 2022, which we have maintained year-to-date in 2023, and we have successfully expanded our platform to Michigan, where we quickly became a top 5 indoor wholesaler in that state in 2022, which we have maintained year-to-date in 2023. We combine our passion for product and value with a disciplined approach to growth, prioritizing profitability and return on capital.

 

Grown Rogue’s strategy is built to win now and, in the future, as the Company profitably delivers craft cannabis at appropriate scale and continues building out indoor cultivation in new markets, while scaling sungrown capabilities to support eventual interstate commerce.

 

 

 
1 The terms cannabis and marijuana are used interchangeably throughout this MD&A.

 

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Grown Rogue’s competitive advantage is efficiently cultivating and delivering craft cannabis at accessible prices, having a healthy balance sheet and the access to capital to accelerate the growth with new market opportunities.

 

OREGON

 

Grown Rogue, through its wholly owned subsidiary, GR Gardens, operates four cultivation facilities in Oregon, comprising approximately 95,000 square feet of flowering cultivation canopy, that currently service the Oregon recreational marijuana market: two outdoor, sungrown farms called “Foothill” and “Ross Lane,” and two state-of-the-art indoor facilities (“Rossanley” and “Airport”). GR Gardens currently holds five producer licenses in Oregon from the Oregon Liquor Control Commission (“OLCC”), two wholesaler licenses, and two processor licenses.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, we executed a two-year lease which includes an option to purchase Ross Lane, an Oregon property which includes 35 acres, 3 tax lots and an additional OLCC producer license. Subsequent to the statement of financial position dated December 31, 2023, the Company executed on this purchase option on January 12, 2024 for total consideration of $1,525,000 comprised of a promissory note for $1,285,000 with the remaining consideration consisting of a down payment and a credit for prepaid rents.

 

Grown Rogue’s Oregon business is headquartered in the world-renowned Emerald Triangle, which is known world-wide for the quality of its cannabis. The Emerald Triangle includes the southern part of Oregon and northern part of California. The Company capitalizes on this ideal outdoor growing environment to produce high-quality, low-cost cannabis flower. The two sungrown farms produce one crop each year per farm, which is planted in June and harvested in October.

 

GR Gardens is responsible for production of recreational marijuana using outdoor and indoor production methodologies. Foothill and Ross Lane are outdoor farms with 40,000 square feet of flowering canopy each, for a total of 80,000 square feet, sitting on a combined land package of approximately 135 acres. Our “Trail’s End” outdoor property will not be cultivated in 2023, and the Company will transfer the Trail’s End license to Ross Lane for production in 2024 to streamline operational efficiencies by centralizing production facilities.

 

Rossanley, an approximately 17,000 square-foot indoor facility, with approximately 5,600 square feet of flowering bench space, produces high-quality indoor flower through controlled environment agriculture (“CEA”) operations. By carefully controlling temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide levels, and other criteria, we produce a year-round supply of high-quality cannabis flower with multiple harvests per month. Rossanley has eight dedicated flower rooms, which allows for an average of nearly four harvests per month resulting in approximately 4,000 pounds annually.

 

Airport, acquired in 2022 is a 30,000 square-foot indoor growing facility adding 30,000 square feet of CEA indoor production space and 9,152 square feet of flowering bench space. Airport is a short distance from Rossanley, which is a benefit to operating efficiency, and it is equipped with state-of-the-art equipment which facilitates the implementation of best practices developed at Rossanley.

 

The total annual production capacity for Grown Rogue’s Oregon operations, based on the current constructed capacity, will range between 20,000 and 24,000 pounds, depending upon various factors including sungrown growing conditions and strain performance.

 

MICHIGAN

 

In May 2021, we acquired, through Canopy, a controlling 60% interest in our Michigan operation called Golden Harvests.

 

The Golden Harvests facility is approximately 65% constructed, with approximately 50,000 square feet in operation, including approximately 14,550 square feet of flowering bench space, in addition to all the ancillary support space, including office and administration to support the operations. The facility produces high quality indoor flower through

 

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CEA, with fourteen individual flowering rooms in operation. Harvested pounds in Michigan in 2023 totaled approximately 10,000 pounds. Golden Harvests produces bulk flower, packaged flower, and manufactures pre-rolls on site.

 

SERVICES

 

On May 24, 2023, GR Unlimited entered into an independent contractor consulting agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”) with Goodness Growth Holdings, Inc. (CSE: GDNS; OTCQX: GDNSF) (“Goodness Growth”). Under the Consulting Agreement, GR Unlimited will support Goodness Growth in the optimization of its cannabis flower products, with a particular focus on improving the quality and yield of top-grade “A” cannabis flower across its various operating markets, starting with Maryland and Minnesota.

 

Under the initial term of the Consulting Agreement, which expires on June 30, 2025, Goodness Growth will provide compensation to GR Unlimited for sustained consulting support, including input on systems and processes, and recommendations to improve Goodness Growth’s cultivation operations. GR Unlimited will be entitled to receive additional incentive compensation if our services result in improved cash flow performance as compared to Goodness Growth’s baseline expectations over the term of the agreement. Our cooperation in the agreement will be on an exclusive basis to Goodness Growth within the markets in which Goodness Growth operates. The agreement will automatically extend for up to two additional two-year terms, unless terminated by Goodness Growth or the Company.

 

A termination fee of at least $5,000,000 is payable to GR Unlimited in the event that Goodness Growth is acquired, sells all or substantially all of its assets, or is merged into another entity and is not the surviving entity of such merger. In addition, a termination fee of at least $2,500,000 is payable to GR Unlimited in the event that the Consulting Agreement terminates for certain other conditions.

 

As part of this strategic agreement, Goodness Growth is obligated to issue 10,000,000 warrants to purchase 10,000,000 subordinate voting shares of Goodness Growth to the Company, with a strike price equal to CAD$0.317 (US$0.233), being a 25.0 percent premium to the 10-day volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of Goodness Growth’s subordinate voting shares prior to the effective date of the Consulting Agreement. Similarly, the Company will issue 8,500,000 warrants to purchase 8,500,000 common shares of the Company to Goodness Growth, with a strike price equal to CAD$0.225 (US$0.166), being a 25.0 percent premium to the 10-day VWAP of the Company’s common shares prior to the effective date of the Consulting Agreement. These warrants were issued on October 5, 2023.

 

The Consulting Agreement and amendments to the Consulting Agreement provide for service revenue earned by the Company to be calculated beginning January 2023, and we reported service revenue of $96,050 (October 31, 2023 - $929,016) and cost of service revenue of $89,210 (October 31, 2023 - $308,461) for the two months ended December 31, 2023.

 

PRODUCT

 

Grown Rogue produces a range of cultivars for consumers to enjoy, which are traditionally classified as indicas, sativas, and hybrids. Grown Rogue has a mix of “core” and “limited” strains to provide consumers with consistent and unique purchasing options at their local dispensary. Grown Rogue flower has won multiple awards in Oregon, which is one of the most competitive cannabis production environments in the world, including the prestigious Growers Cup competition on two occasions. Grown Rogue won 1st place for highest THC content, 1st place for highest terpene content, and 3rd place in the grower’s choice category. In addition, we believe we achieved an outdoor production potency record, at the time, in the state of Oregon, when its Monkey Train cultivar tested at a THC potency of 35.13%. In 2023, Grown Rogue won 3rd place in the Oregon Grower’s Cup Outdoor category for its Sour Grape strain. Consumers can enjoy bulk flower in both Oregon and Michigan. In the Michigan market we also offer our innovative nitrogen sealed 3.5 gram flower jars, our patented nitrogen sealed pre-rolls, 3.5 gram flower bags, and regularly packaged pre-rolls.

 

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We recently launched a new line of strain-specific prepackaged flower, coupled with proprietary genetics, in Michigan, and launched a new branded pre-roll pack product in Oregon in 2023. In addition, Grown Rogue launched a new brand of pre-rolls, a rapidly growing category, called Yeti in 2023. According to LeafLink’s MarketScape data, Grown Rogue was the #1 flower producer in Oregon and a top 5 indoor flower wholesaler in Michigan in 2022 and in 2023.

 

GENETICS

 

We are committed to developing unique, proprietary genetics as long-term genetic diversity will be a major factor in establishing brand differentiation with consumers. We have allocated research and development space to develop new strains, while also phenotype hunting to identify new and exciting strain options that will delight consumers. Grown Rogue has developed a compelling mix of proprietary strains, along with a library of “fan favorites” to ensure that consumer and dispensary demand will remain strong for our flower and flower-derived products. All Grown Rogue genetics are rigorously tested to establish the genetic makeup of each strain in our portfolio. We continue to focus on bringing new unique genetics to ensure a steady flow of innovative flower and flower products to market. Currently we carry more than 50 unique cultivars in our genetic library, and we continue to develop our portfolio as we trial new genetics.

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SALES

 

Grown Rogue uses a multi-channel distribution strategy that includes direct-to-retail delivery and third-party delivery (Michigan regulations mandate independent third-party delivery); wholesalers, who have their own distribution channels; and processors, who utilize Grown Rogue products (e.g., trim) to create retail-ready products.

 

Regarding the direct-to-retail channel, Grown Rogue’s sales team works closely with dispensary owners and intake managers to provide consistent product, competitive prices, and personalized service using sales techniques from other industries such as pharmaceutical and liquor. Grown Rogue’s goal is to establish and maintain the client relationship as we continue to expand our footprint in the states in which we operate.

 

Grown Rogue has developed end user product marketing collateral and other educational information regarding Grown Rogue products as part of all sales with dispensaries that include strain type, testing results, information on the product and other necessary information to clearly articulate the product being provided. Each product is uniquely packaged while maintaining brand consistency across the product suite.

 

Grown Rogue works with dispensary owners to develop promotional opportunities for retail customers and bud tenders. Grown Rogue provides detailed tutorials to the staff and owners of the dispensaries around the product and how it is grown, processed, cured and packaged so that they are intimately familiar with the Grown Rogue process. Grown Rogue also invites dispensary owners and operators to Grown Rogue’s operating facilities so they can see first-hand the methods and processes used to create the product.

 

Based upon information from MarketScape, which is part of the sales analytics tool utilized by LeafLink, which handles all of our sales and invoicing, we are the largest producer in Oregon and a top five indoor flower producer in Michigan.

 

BRANDING

 

Developing compelling branding that engages, inspires, and creates transparency and trust with consumers is one of the most important aspects of building a successful cannabis company. Cannabis product branding has been evolving from promising high-quality flower, to providing descriptions of the effect a consumer should expect from a particular product.

 

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While other brands have shifted into the “one word” product description, Grown Rogue has leveraged consumer insights and product feedback to evolve the messaging to provide significantly more detail so consumers can make a more informed choice about which Grown Rogue products will optimally enhance their experience.

 

In order to grow the Grown Rogue community and spread knowledge of its products, Grown Rogue leverages social media and other digital platforms. Grown Rogue aspires to eliminate the “dark mystery” historically associated with cannabis by empowering consumers to learn about the plant and then “enhance experiences” as they desire. The transition from prohibition to legal cannabis has provided the cannabis community with an opportunity to welcome a large group of new members and it is vital that product education is completed in an authentic and informative manner to ensure that everyone’s first cannabis experience is not only positive but also as expected.

 

MARKETING AND ADVERTISING

 

Grown Rogue’s marketing channels include a comprehensive, fully responsive, interactive website (including mobile). The website has been search-engine optimized and includes calls to action that encourage consumers to become part of the Grown Rogue community by following the Company on social media.

 

Grown Rogue is focused on providing education to new and existing consumers through our website but even more hands on through our retail partners. We provide vendor days and budtender education days where we spend one on one time with the budtenders educating them about everything Grown Rogue.

 

We strategically leverage the narrative at retail through digital and physical retail assets to further educate consumers about Grown Rogue.

 

Grown Rogue has established a social media presence that includes Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, TikTok and YouTube. Grown Rogue’s social identity is defined by delivering fresh content and keeping interaction with followers/fans prompt and positive. Grown Rogue attracts existing cannabis industry participants as well as people not familiar with the industry by creating a positive, inclusive environment where dialogue is encouraged. The goal is to change existing stereotypes and overcome the stigmas associated with the cannabis industry.

 

TRADEMARKS AND PATENTS

 

Grown Rogue actively seeks to protect its brand and intellectual property. Grown Rogue currently has three registered U.S. trademarks:

 

1. Grown Rogue was filed on September 22, 2017, and registered on August 7, 2018 under Registration No. 5537240.

 

2. The Right Experience Every Time was filed on September 29, 2017 and registered on August 7, 2018 under Registration No. 5537260.

 

3. Sizzleberry was filed on September 29, 2017, and registered on August 7, 2018, under Registration No. 5537259.

 

Grown Rogue filed a patent for its nitrogen sealed glass containers on February 15, 2018, with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). The nitrogen sealed glass containers preserve the freshness of the flower and essential terpenes to improve the “entourage effect.” The USPTO issued Grown Rogue United States Patent Number 10,358,282 on July 23, 2019. Several third parties have contacted us to request licensing information on this technology. We have introduced nitrogen sealed jars and pre-rolls in Michigan and plan on launching them as we enter additional new markets and may license the technology to third parties operating in markets in which Grown Rogue is not currently licensed.

 

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SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES

 

Grown Rogue employs sustainable business models in our operations. We maintain the highest standards of environmental stewardship in cultivation. This includes sustainable water sources with optimization of reclamation and recapture from runoff and recycling of water input. We use only natural and sustainable products in all applications, including nutrients and integrated pest management. We maintain the highest level of sustainable cannabis practices through our focus on sustainable and natural cultivation methods. Grown Rogue hires and pays a living wage to its team members and is very involved in each of the communities where we operate.

 

PLANS FOR EXPANSION AND ECONOMIC OUTLOOK

 

Grown Rogue continues to focus on taking its learnings and experience from Oregon and Michigan into new markets across the United States. During the last two years, Grown Rogue has established a platform that excels at licensing, compliance, high-quality and low-cost production, understanding consumer purchasing preferences, and product innovation. This platform places Grown Rogue in a superior position to capitalize on new markets compared to our competitors. Oregon is arguably the most competitive cannabis market in the world, and we have excelled by implementing standard business practices that make the Company well suited for entering and building successful brand presence in newly-legalized cannabis markets.

 

The expansion into Airport (see “Description of the Business – Oregon”) and acquisition of a 60% interest in Golden Harvests (see “Description of the Business – Michigan”) represent execution of management’s strategy of growth through high quality, low-cost flower production. In addition, we have added a profitable services segment (see “Description of the Business – Services),” which leverages our cultivation expertise to generate margin and increase our presence to two new states at low financial risk. As other growth opportunities arise under favorable financial terms, management can activate known and repeatable systems into new assets.

 

We believe that the future of the cannabis industry is in branded products and that the leading brands are being developed on the west coast, which is well known for high quality cannabis. Unlike many current multi-state operators who prefer to obtain just a few licenses in a large volume of states, Grown Rogue is focused on establishing a larger number of licenses in fewer states to capitalize on the economies of scale we view as optimal to maximize profits. Over the next twelve months, we are focused on furthering our footprints and flower market shares in Oregon and Michigan markets, strengthening our presence in Minnesota and Maryland (by way of the Consulting Agreement), continuing to add new products to our portfolio, and exploring and executing on strategic opportunities in new states.

 

With the recent shift in political landscape, we have also begun analyzing the potential for federal de-regulation and the subsequent ability to export cannabis products across state lines. We believe Oregon will be a large export state. Being located in the Emerald Triangle provides a unique product differentiator due to the ability to produce high quality and low cost sungrown flower due to the environmental conditions that occur naturally in Southern Oregon. Our strategy to take advantage of what is projected to be a multi-billion dollar export business is developing, and we are excited to begin implementation of this business plan over the coming years, including the expansion into New Jersey.

 

On October 3, 2023, GR Unlimited executed a promissory note (the “New Jersey Retail Promissory Note”) and advanced $250,000 to an individual representing the principal amount of the note. Pursuant to the New Jersey Retail Promissory Note, interest on the outstanding principal borrowed accrues at a rate of 12% per annum provided that, if the extended maturity date of the note is triggered, interest shall accrue on the outstanding balance commencing on the maturity date and ending on the extended maturity date of the New Jersey Retail Promissory Note. The Company signed a related definitive agreement on January 16, 2024 to invest in the development of an adult-use dispensary in West New York, New Jersey. Also see Subsequent Events.

 

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On October 4, 2023, the Company announced that it signed a definitive agreement with an option to acquire 70% of ABCO Garden State, LLC (“ABCO”), pending regulatory approval from the New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory Commission (the “CRC”). ABCO was granted a conditional cultivation and manufacturing license by the CRC and will receive its annual cultivation license soon. GR Unlimited executed a secured draw down promissory note (the “Iron Flag Promissory Note”) with Iron Flag, LLC (“Iron Flag”), to fund tenant improvements and for general working capital at the 50,000 square foot facility leased by ABCO for use in ABCO’s cannabis cultivation operations under construction and estimated to be completed in the second quarter of 2024. Pursuant to the Iron Flag Promissory Note, GR Unlimited shall make the maximum amount available to Iron Flag in one or more advances in an aggregate amount not to exceed $4,000,000. Interest on the outstanding principal borrowed accrues at a rate of 12.5% per annum commencing with respect to each advance and accruing until the date the standing advances and all accrued interest is paid in full.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

On September 22, 2022, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) issued an Order Instituting Proceedings (“OIP”) pursuant to Section 12(j) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “1934 Act”), against the Company alleging violations of the 1934 Act, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder, by failing to timely file periodic reports. Section 12(j) authorizes the Commission as it deems necessary or appropriate for the protection of investors to suspend for a period not exceeding 12 months, or to revoke, the registration of a security if the Commission finds, on the record after notice and opportunity for hearing, that the issuer of such security has failed to comply with any provision of the 1934 Act, as amended, or the rules promulgated thereunder. The Company has filed an answer to the OIP and is seeking a hearing in the matter. The Company is currently fully compliant with all of their filings, is vigorously defending itself in the matter, and is preparing to re-register its security if necessary.

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

The following selected financial data for each of the three reporting periods are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company.

 

    Two months ended     Year ended     Year ended  
    December 31,     October 31,     October 31,  
    2023
($)
    2023
($)
    2022
($)
 
Total revenue     3,638,087       23,353,185       17,757,283  
Income from operations     426,154       4,254,151       957,149  
Net income (loss)     672,427       (662,320 )     419,951  
Net loss per share, basic and diluted     0.00       (0.00 )     0.00  
Comprehensive income (loss)     678,533       (666,882 )     400,716  
Comprehensive income (loss) per share, basic & diluted     0.00       (0.00 )     0.00  
Total assets     29,615,900       30,162,721       16,370,582  
Total non-current liabilities     4,514,352       4,610,087       2,114,978  
Cash dividends     Nil       Nil       Nil  

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL RESULTS

 

Two Months Ended December 31, 2023, and the Year Ended October 31, 2023

 

Selected financial results of operations for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023, are summarized below:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,     October 31,              
    2023
($)
    2023
($)
    Variance
($)
    Variance
%
 
Revenue     3,638,087       23,353,185       (19,715,098 )     (84 %)
Cost of goods and services sold, excluding fair value adjustments     (1,493,533 )     (11,464,317 )     9,970,784       (87 %)
Gross profit before fair value adjustments     2,144,554       11,888,868       (9,744,314 )     (82 %)
Net income (loss)     672,427       (662,320 )     1,334,747       (202 %)
Cash flow from operations before NCWC     744,331       6,406,514       (5,662,183 )     (88 %)

 

Significant items contributing to the generation of net income for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023 are summarized in the table below:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,     October 31,              
    2023
($)
    2023
($)
   

Variance

$

    Variance
%
 
Total revenues     3,638,087       23,353,185       (19,715,098 )     (84 %)
Cost of revenues, excluding fair value items     (1,493,533 )     (11,464,317 )     9,970,784       (87 %)
Realized fair value amounts in inventory sold     460,647       2,573,151       (2,112,504 )     (82 %)
Unrealized fair value gain on growth of biological assets     (686,867 )     (3,355,797 )     2,668,930       (80 %)
Accretion expense     216,493       1,026,732       (810,239 )     (79 %)
General and administrative expenses     1,437,353       6,465,877       (5,028,524 )     (78 %)
Share-based compensation     104,359       346,113       (241,754 )     (70 %)
Interest expense     69,164       370,616       (301,452 )     (81 %)
Amortization of property and equipment     186,415       578,641       (392,226 )     (68 %)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative liability     (336,981 )     4,563,498       (4,900,479 )     (107 %)
Unrealized gain on warrants asset     (400,016 )     (129,113 )     (270,903 )     210 %
Loss on disposal of property and equipment     87,699       182,025       (94,326 )     (52 %)

 

More detailed analysis of the components of results of operations are described in the following sections.

 

REVENUES

 

Revenues – Two Months Ended December 31, 2023, and the Year Ended October 31, 2023

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,     October 31,              
    2023
($)
    2023
($)
    Variance
($)
    Variance
(%)
 
Revenue from Grown Rogue production     3,542,037       22,424,169       (18,882,132 )     (84 %)
Revenue from services     96,050       929,016       (832,966 )     (90 %)
Total revenue     3,638,087       23,353,185       (19,715,098 )     (84 %)

 

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Service revenues during the two months ended December 31, 2023 and the year ended October 31, 2023, were derived from the Consulting Agreement (see Description of Business – Services).

 

The following table summarizes revenues from Grown Rogue production for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,     October 31,              
    2023
($)
    2023
($)
    Variance
($)
    Variance
(%)
 
Indoor     2,846,752       17,813,172       (14,966,420 )     (84 %)
Outdoor     42,678       2,471,790       (2,429,112 )     (98 %)
Pre-rolls     192,952       821,774       (628,822 )     (77 %)
Trim & other     459,655       1,317,433       (857,778 )     (65 %)
Revenue from Grown Rogue production     3,542,037       22,424,169       (18,882,132 )     (84 %)

 

Revenues during the two months ended December 31, 2023, were lower than the comparative year ended October 31, 2023, due primarily to the number of months in which the revenues are based on.

 

As detailed further below, we sold less pounds in the two months ended December 31, 2023, than the comparative year ended October 31, 2023, at higher ASP.

 

The following tables summarize pounds sold and average selling prices:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended                          
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
    Pounds     December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
    ASP  
    Pounds sold     Pounds sold     variance     ASP ($)     ASP ($)     variance  
Indoor flower     2,901       20,329       (17,428 )     981       876       105  
Outdoor flower     158       7,114       (6,957 )     270       347       (77 )
Pre-rolls     178       651       (473 )     1,087       1,263       (176 )
Total     3,237       28,094       (24,858 )     952       751       201  

 

COSTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES SOLD

 

Two Months Ended December 31, 2023 and the Year Ended October 31, 2023

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
    Change     Change  
    ($)     ($)     ($)     (%)  
Costs of goods sold     1,404,323       11,155,676       (9,751,353 )     (87 %)
Costs of service revenues     89,210       308,641       (219,431 )     (71 %)
Costs of goods sold, excl. fair value items     1,493,533       11,464,317       (9,970,784 )     (87 %)

 

Cost of finished cannabis inventory sold during the two months ended December 31, 2023, decreased by 87% over the comparative year ended October 31, 2023, while revenues for the same periods decreased 84%.

 

Pg 12 of 41

 

 

NET INCOME AND LOSS

 

Share-based Compensation

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, we granted, or committed to grant, common shares and stock options as compensation to employees and service providers.

 

The common shares issuances and stock options (measured at fair value using the Black-Scholes pricing model) resulted in total expense recognition of $104,359 during the two months ended December 31, 2023 (for year ended October 31, 2023 - $346,113).

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

The general and administrative expenses for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023 are as follows:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended              
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
    Change     Change  
    ($)     ($)     ($)     (%)  
Office, banking, travel, and overheads     470,821       1,960,696       (1,489,875 )     (76 %)
Professional services     59,701       585,342       (525,641 )     (90 %)
Salaries and benefits     906,831       3,919,839       (3,013,008 )     (77 %)
General and administrative expenses     1,437,353       6,465,877       (5,028,524 )     (78 %)

 

General and administrative costs for the two months ended December 31, 2023, were approximately 22% of the costs for the year ended October 31, 2023.

 

Interest and Interest Accretion Expense

 

The interest and interest accretion expense for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year October 31, 2023 are as follows:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended                
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
    Change     Change  
    ($)     ($)     ($)     (%)  
Interest and accretion expense     285,657       1,397,348       (1,111,691 )     (80% )

 

Interest and accretion expenses reflect the increase in accretion due to the new convertible debentures issued during the year ended October 31, 2023, including the convertible debentures issued on December 5, 2022, (the “December Convertible Debentures”); on July 13, 2023 (the “July Convertible Debentures”); and on August 17, 2023 (the “August Convertible Debentures”).

 

Pg 13 of 41

 

 

SEGMENT REPORTING

 

We operate in the states of Oregon and Michigan in the United States, and we recently began providing consulting services. The following tables summarize performance by segment for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023.

 

Segments   Oregon     Michigan     Other     Services     Total  
    $     $     $     $     $  
Non-current assets other than financial instruments:                                        
As at December 31, 2023     8,187,649       4,054,332       1,761,382       -       14,003,363  
As at October 31, 2023     7,362,957       4,016,861       1,361,366       -       12,741,184  
                                         
Two months ended December 31, 2023:                                        
Net revenue     1,529,088       2,012,949       -       96,050       3,638,087  
Gross profit     766,291       1,597,643       -       6,840       2,370,774  
Gross profit before fair value adjustments     902,603       1,235,111       -       6,840       2,144,554  
                                         
Year ended October 31, 2023:                                        
Net revenue     11,001,261       11,422,908       -       929,016       23,353,185  
Gross profit     5,259,439       6,791,700       -       620,375       12,671,514  
Gross profit before fair value adjustments     4,615,259       6,653,234       -       620,375       11,888,868  

 

Pg 14 of 41

 

 

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

 

The following table sets out selected quarterly results of the Company for the seven quarters and two months ended on or before December 31, 2023. The quarterly information contained herein is drawn from the interim financial statements of the Company for each of the aforementioned seven quarters. The information contained herein for the two months ended December 31, 2023 is derived from the audited financial statements of the Company. Revenues in any period are subject to market sales pricing, which historically has fluctuated significantly. Management has observed that pricing and sales volumes tend to be lower seasonally during winter months, in the Company’s first fiscal quarter, although we do not have high confidence that this will persist. Net income and loss include the impact of significant non-cash expenses, such as losses on the fair valuation of derivative liabilities, marketable securities, share-based payments, and interest accretion. Expenses contributing to net loss do not have significant seasonal trends, except for costs of sales, which follow trends in revenues.

 

    Two Months     Fiscal Year     Fiscal Year     Fiscal Year  
    Ended     2023     2023     2023  
    Dec 31,
2023
    Quarter End
Oct 31
    Quarter End
Jul 31
    Quarter End
Apr 30
 
Revenue ($)     3,638,087       6,522,291       6,295,717       6,004,637  
Net income (loss) ($)     672,427       (2,012,324 )     345,488       411,979  
Net income (loss)/share, basic & diluted     0.00       (0.00 )     0.00       0.00  

 

    Fiscal Year     Fiscal Year     Fiscal Year     Fiscal Year  
    2023     2022     2022     2022  
    Quarter End     Quarter End     Quarter End     Quarter End  
    Jan 31     Oct 31     Jul 31     Apr 30  
Revenue ($)     4,530,540       5,072,635       4,251,808       4,700,127  
Net income (loss) ($)     592,537       (451,630 )     571,406       144,734  
Net income (loss)/share, basic & diluted     0.01       (0.00 )     0.00       0.01  

 

LIQUIDITY

 

Our ability to generate cash in the short term is based upon sales from production and financing proceeds, and in the long term is based upon sales from production, including production from investments in production increases, or from growth by business acquisitions, or a combination thereof. Investments to increase production or acquire business may require further financing. The Company generates operating cash flows from sales of cannabis products which generate margin that contribute to coverage of other operating costs. We have generated net income for five of the seven most recent quarters (exception Q4 fiscal year 2023 and Q4 fiscal year 2022) and expect to continue generating net income consistently. We have raised financing historically through debt and equity, which has been and will be invested in the business in order to improve production yields and increase total productive capacity, as well as cover operating costs, and to strategically expand the business. We raised no proceeds during the two months ended December 31, 2023, (October 31, 2023 - $8,000,000).

 

We are typically able to sell finished goods shortly after inventory reaches its final state, and sales are primarily made on cash-on-delivery terms, or with short net terms. Our ability to fund operations, to plan capital expenditures, and to plan acquisitions, depends on future operating performance and cash flows and the availability of capital by way of debt or equity investment in the Company, which are subject to prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, and other factors, some of which are beyond the Company’s control.

 

Pg 15 of 41

 

 

CASH FLOWS

 

The following table summarizes certain cash flow items for the two months ended December 31, 2023, and the year ended October 31, 2023:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended  
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
 
    ($)     ($)  
Net income (loss)     672,427       (662,320 )
Net cash provided by operating activities     231,109       5,729,351  
Net cash used in investing activities     (1,145,286 )     (2,887,308 )
Net cash provided by / (used in) financing activities     (1,139,491 )     4,433,820  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents     (2,053,668 )     7,275,863  
Effect of currency translation     6,106       (2,210 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning     8,858,247       1,582,384  
Cash and cash equivalents, ending     6,804,579       8,858,247  

 

Operating Activities

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $231,109 (October 31, 2023 - $5,729,351). This number was derived by adding back non-cash items to net income, including the following significant adjustments:

 

$186,415 (October 31, 2023 - $578,641) in amortization of property and equipment;

 

$209,985 (October 31, 2023 - $1,757,672) from depreciation expensed in costs of finished inventory sold;

 

Deduction of $686,867 (October 31, 2023 - deduction of $3,355,797) from the unrealized change in fair value of biological assets;

 

$460,467 (October 31, 2023 - $2,573,151) for changes in fair value in inventory sold;

 

$224,064 (October 31, 2023 - deduction of $470,358) from deferred income taxes;

 

$104,359 (October 31, 2023 - $344,593) in share-based compensation and stock option vesting expense, including expense for option grants under our stock option plan implemented during 2020, as well as shares issued directly as compensation for employees, directors, and service providers;

 

$216,493 (October 31, 2023 - $1,026,732) in accretion of interest expense on debt and convertible debentures outstanding;

 

$87,699 (October 31, 2023 - $182,025) from loss on disposal of property and equipment;

 

Deduction of $336,981 (October 31, 2023 - $4,563,498) from the loss on fair value of derivative liability;

 

Deduction of $400,016 (October 31, 2023 - deduction of $129,113) from the unrealized loss on warrants asset.

 

Pg 16 of 41

 

 

Changes in non-cash working capital are summarized in the following table.

 

    Two months ended     Year ended  
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
 
    ($)     ($)  
Accounts receivable     466,434       (465,465 )
Inventory and biological assets     (344,311 )     (767,636 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets     (27,549 )     (40,513 )
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities     (1,115,128 )     569,451  
Income tax payable     507,332       55,024  
Unearned revenue     -       (28,024 )
Total     (513,222 )     (677,163 )

 

Changes in accounts receivable are due to the timing and collection of sales. Changes in inventory and biological assets reflect increases due to increased productive capacity, as well as the timing of harvests, the timing of the completion growth cycles, and the timing of sales of finished inventory. Changes in liabilities, including accounts payable and accrued liabilities reflect the use of credit terms and cash flow management based upon ongoing liquidity management.

 

Investing Activities

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, we added $770,010 (October 31, 2023 - $4,008,866) to property and equipment, including non-cash right-of-use asset additions. We expended cash flows of $126,690 (October 31, 2023 - $1,456,782) for property and equipment additions.

 

We also expended $1,018,596 (October 31, 2023 - $1,420,526) as cash advances and loans to other parties during the two months ended December 31, 2023.

 

Financing Activities

 

Net cash flows used by financing activities during the two months ended December 31, 2023 were $1,139,491 (for year ended October 31, 2023 – net cash provided of $4,433,820).

 

Significant financing activities for the two months ended December 31, 2023 included the following:

 

Repayments of $126,978 of convertible debentures;

 

Repayments of $444,347 of lease principal; and

 

Repayments of $568,166 of long-term debt.

 

Financing activities during the comparable year ended October 31, 2023, included the following:

 

Proceeds of $8,000,000 from issuance of convertible debentures;

 

Repayments of $261,006 of convertible debentures;

 

Repayments of $1,673,344 of lease principal; and

 

Repayments of $1,631,830 of long-term debt.

 

Pg 17 of 41

 

 

TRENDS AND EXPECTED FLUCTUATIONS IN LIQUIDITY

 

    December 31,
2023
($)
    October 31,
2023
($)
    Variance
($)
    Variance
(%)
 
Current assets     15,612,537       17,421,537       (1,809,000 )     (10 %)
Current liabilities     (11,770,203 )     (13,004,181 )     1,233,978       (9 %)
Working capital     3,842,334       4,417,356       (575,022 )     (13 %)

 

Working capital varied from October 31, 2023, to December 31, 2023, due primarily to net cash used by financing activities, which was $1,139,491 during the two months ended December 31, 2023, versus cash provided by financing activities of $4,433,820 during the year ended October 31, 2023.

 

We expect significant ongoing fluctuations in working capital over time, as we are in the early stages of growth. We have historically raised debt with principal due on maturity, and accordingly, we expect significant one-time payments as debt matures, as opposed to smooth cash outflows over time. We have historically been able to meet commitments, modify debt maturities, and raise new financing as required to respond to changes in our liquidity position, although there is no guarantee we will be able to do so in the future. We are exposed to market pricing for cannabis products, which materially impacts our liquidity and is out of our control. The market for cannabis products, including flower, which is our primary product, is relatively immature, having recently become legal to buy and sell in certain markets.

 

We have observed some indications of seasonality, and in addition, we have observed that market conditions can change rapidly without apparent explanations or analyzable causes. We cannot control whether we will be able to raise financing when required or sell cannabis products at profitable prices in the future; however, part of our strategy is to produce flower at sustainable gross margins over a growing productive base, which, holding other factors constant, is expected to result in improved net loss or net income, as well as net cash flows.

 

Commitments and Obligations

 

Set out below are undiscounted minimum future lease payments after December 31, 2023.

 

    Total
future minimum
lease payments
($)
 
Less than one year     982,881  
Between one and five years     2,449,475  
Total minimum lease payments     3,432,356  
Less amount representing interest     (534,298 )
Present value of minimum lease payments     2,898,058  

 

The Company has four lease contracts with extension options remaining after December 31, 2023, which were negotiated by management to provide flexibility in managing business needs. Set out below are the undiscounted potential rental payments related to periods following the date of exercise options that are not included in the lease term:

 

    Within
five years
    More than
five years
 
Extension options available to be exercised   $ 3,611,037     $ 6,351,725  

 

Pg 18 of 41

 

 

The contractual maturities of the Company’s accounts payable and accrued liabilities, debt, leases, and unearned revenue occur over the next five years are as follows:

 

    Year 1     Over 1 Year
- 3 Years
    Over 3 Years
- 5 Years
 
   

$

   

$

   

$

 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities     1,358,962       -       -  
Lease liabilities     925,976       1,041,614       930,468  
Convertible debentures     -       -       2,459,924  
Debt     780,358       82,346       -  
Business acquisition consideration payable     360,000       -       -  
Total     3,425,296       1,123,960       3,390,392  

 

CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

DEBT FINANCING

 

On December 5, 2022, the Company announced the closing of a non-brokered private placement of the December Convertible Debentures with an aggregate principal amount of $2,000,000. The December Convertible Debentures bear an interest of 9% per year, paid quarterly, and mature 36 months from the date of issue. The Convertible Debentures are convertible into common shares of the Company at a conversion price of CAD$0.20 per common share. Additionally, on closing, the Company issued to the purchasers of the December Convertible Debentures an aggregate of 6,716,499 warrants (the “December Warrants”), that represent 50% coverage of each purchaser’s December Convertible Debenture investment. The December Warrants are exercisable for a period of three years from issuance into common shares at an exercise price of $0.25 CAD per common share. The Company has the right to accelerate the warrants if the closing share price of the Common Shares on the Canadian Securities Exchange is CAD$0.40 or higher for a period of 10 consecutive trading days. On March 1, 2024, the Company announced it has accelerated the expiry date of the December Warrants. The Company issued the notice of acceleration required by the warrant certificates governing these warrants on March 1, 2024, thereby accelerating the expiry date to 90 days from the date of notice.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, two holders of the December Convertible Debentures converted an aggregate total of convertible debenture principal of $1,040,662 and $133,977 at CAD$0.20 per share into 10,151,250 and 1,022,025 common shares respectively.

 

On July 13, 2023, the Company announced the closing of the first tranche of a non-brokered private placement of the July Convertible Debentures with an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000. The July Convertible Debentures accrue interest at 9% per year, paid quarterly, and mature 48 months from the date of issue. The July Convertible Debentures are convertible into common shares of the Company at a conversion price of CAD$0.24 per common share, at any time on or prior to the maturity date. Additionally, on closing, the Company issued to the Subscribers of the July Convertible Debentures an aggregate of 13,737,500 warrants (the “July Warrants”), that represents one-half of one warrant for each CAD$0.24 of principal amount subscribed. The July Warrants are exercisable for a period of three years from issuance into common shares at an exercise price of CAD$0.28 per common share. The Company has the right to accelerate the warrants if the closing share price of the common shares on the Canadian Securities Exchange is CAD$0.40 or higher for a period of 10 consecutive trading days. The July Warrants’ expiry date will be accelerated to 90 days following notice of the acceleration.

 

Pg 19 of 41

 

 

On August 17, 2023, the Company announced that it had closed the second and final tranche of a non-brokered private placement of the August Convertible Debentures for gross proceeds of US$1,000,000, for a total aggregate principal amount under both tranches totaling $6,000,000 for both the July Convertible Debentures and August Convertible Debentures. On closing, the Company issued to subscribers of the August Convertible Debentures an aggregate of 2,816,250 common share purchase warrants (the “August Warrants”). The terms of the August Convertible Debentures and August Warrants issued as part of this second tranche are the same as those issued in the July Convertible Debentures and July Warrants. On March 1, 2024, the Company announced it has accelerated the expiry date of the July Warrants and August Warrants. The Company issued the notice of acceleration required by the warrant certificates governing these warrants on March 1, 2024, thereby accelerating the expiry date to 90 days from the date of notice.

 

TRENDS AND EXPECTED FLUCTUATIONS IN CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

We realized net cash flows used by financing activities of approximately $1.1 million during the two months ended December 31, 2023, (October 31, 2023 – net cash provided of $4.4 million outflow), resulting from proceeds from debt financing of $nil (October 31, 2023 - $8.0 million from debt), less debt, debenture, and lease principal repayments of $1.1 million (October 31, 2023 - $3.6 million).

 

Financing activities have been critical to our ability to continue operating, and significant portions of our financing have historically been raised from key management personnel. These individuals have not provided assurance that they will provide additional financing if the Company requires it but are able to raise such financing from third parties; this highlights the importance of management’s strategy of scaling operations. Our business strategy contemplates growing cash flows from operations, which may contribute to reinvestment and growth; however, further financing may be required or utilized based upon our future capital position and future business opportunities.

 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

 

TRANSACTIONS WITH KEY MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTORS

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed the following related party transactions:

 

Through its wholly owned subsidiary, GRU Properties, the Company leased a property located in Trail, Oregon (“Trail”) owned by the Company’s President and CEO (“CEO”). The lease was extended during the year ended October 31, 2021, with a term through December 31, 2025. Lease charges of $24,000 were incurred for the two months ended December 31, 2023 (year ended October 31, 2023 –72,000). The lease liability balance for Trail at October 31, 2023, was $129,401 (October 31, 2023 - $139,014).

 

During the year ended October 31, 2021, the Company leased a property which is beneficially owned by the CEO and is located in Medford, Oregon (“Lars”) with a term through June 30, 2026. Lease charges for Lars of $31,827 (year ended October 31, 2023 - $190,035) were incurred for the two months ended December 31, 2023. The lease liability for Lars at December 31, 2023, was $445,708 (October 31, 2023 - $470,134).

 

During the year ended October 31, 2021, the CEO leased equipment to the Company, which had a balance due of $Nil at December 31, 2023 (October 31, 2023 - $nil). Lease payments of $nil were made against the equipment leases during the two months ended October 31, 2023 (year ended October 31, 2023 - $9,971).

 

Pg 20 of 41

 

 

Leases liabilities payable to the CEO were $575,109 in aggregate at December 31, 2023 (October 31, 2023 - $609,148).

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, the Company, through GR Unlimited, acquired 87% of the membership units of Canopy from the CEO. All payments necessary for GR Unlimited to exercise its option to acquire 87% of Canopy were equal to payments made by Canopy to purchase a controlling 60% interest of Golden Harvests.

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred expenses of $24,039 (year ended October 31, 2023 - $98,846) for salary paid to the spouse of the CEO, who is employed as our Community Relations manager. At December 31, 2023, accounts and accrued liabilities payable to this individual were $3,846 (October 31, 2023 - $2,692). The spouse of the CEO was granted 500,000 options during the year ended October 31, 2023.

 

Key management personnel consists of the President and CEO; the Senior Vice President (“SVP”); the former Chief Operating Officer (“COO”); General Manager (“GM”); and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) of the Company. The compensation to key management is presented in the following table:

 

    Two months ended     Year ended  
    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
 
    $     $  
Salaries and consulting fees     240,105       880,195  
Stock option expense     32,894       161,422  
Total     272,999       1,041,617  

 

Stock options granted to key management personnel and close family members of key management personnel include the following. During the two months ended December 31, 2023, no options were granted to key management personnel. During the year ended October 31, 2023, 1,500,000 options were granted to the CEO; 750,000 options were granted to the CFO; 750,000 options were granted to the SVP; and 175,000 options to the GM. Subsequent to the two months ended December 31, 2023, options of 1,500,000 were exercised into common shares by the SVP.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, 1,250,000 stock options were granted to three board of directors.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, the SVP purchased December 2022 Convertible Debentures with a principal balance of $50,000 and was issued 167,912 December Warrants. Subsequent to the two months ended December 31, 2023, the SVP converted the $50,000 convertible debentures and exercised the 167,912 December Warrants. This resulted in the issuance of 336,775 common shares at a price of CAD$0.20 per share in accordance with the December Convertible Debentures, in addition to the issuance of 167,912 common shares at an exercise price of $0.25 CAD per common share upon the exercise of the December Warrants.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, the Company issued 200,000 shares to the GM, which represented a portion of consideration for the acquisition of Golden Harvests.

 

Compensation to board of directors during the two months ended December 31, 2023, was $3,000, (year ended October 31, 2023 – $18,000).

 

Through its subsidiary, Golden Harvests, the Company leased Morton, owned by the Company’s GM, that is located in Michigan, with a lease term through January 2026. Lease charges of $32,000 (year ended October 31, 2023 - $180,000) were incurred during the two months ended December 31, 2023. The lease liability of Morton at December 31, 2023 was $350,668 (October 31, 2023 - $377,043).

 

Pg 21 of 41

 

 

Through its subsidiary, Golden Harvests, the Company also leased Morton Annex located in Michigan, which is owned by the Company’s GM. The lease term was extended during the two months ended December 31, 2023, through November 2024. Lease charges of $330,000 (year ended October 31, 2023 - $740,000) were incurred during the two months ended December 31, 2023. The lease liability of Morton Annex at December 31, 2023, was $239,871 (October 31, 2023 - $29,774).

 

Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and lease liabilities due to key management at December 31, 2023, totaled $1,230,808 (October 31, 2023 $1,118,763).

 

DEBT BALANCES AND MOVEMENTS WITH KEY MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTORS

 

The following table sets out the movements and balances of debt with related parties during the two months ended December 31, 2023 and the year ended October 31, 2023. Borrowings from related parties were executed at times because we could identify very limited other sources of financing. The borrowing from the COO was transacted to accelerate expansion of an indoor growing facility at a competitive rate of interest. The borrowings from other than the COO in the table below were transacted to accelerate construction and production in Michigan. The names of the related parties, by designation, are as follows: CEO – Obie Strickler; SVP – Adam August; Directors – Abhilash Patel; former COO – Thomas Fortner; and GM – David Pleitner.

 

    CEO     SVP     Director     COO     GM     Total  
    $     $     $     $     $     $  
Balance – October 31, 2022     46,799       93,603       140,404       -       360,000       640,806  
Interest     15,649       31,297       46,947       -       64,800       158,693  
Payments     (55,778 )     (111,555 )     (167,333 )     -       (64,800 )     (399,466 )
Balance – October 31, 2023     6,670       13,345       20,018       -       360,000       400,033  
Interest     399       794       1,190       -       10,800       13,183  
Payments     (7,069 )     (14,139 )     (21,208 )     -       (10,800 )     (53,216 )
Balance – December 31, 2023     -       -       -       -       360,000       360,000  

 

Pursuant to the loan and related agreements transacted during the year ended October 31, 2020, the CEO, SVP, and a director obtained 5.5%; 1%; and 2.5% of GR Michigan, respectively; third parties obtained 4% as part of the agreements, such that GR Michigan has a 13% non-controlling interest. These parties, except the CEO, obtained the same interests in Canopy; the CEO obtained 92.5% of Canopy Management, of which 87% was acquired by the Company during the year ended October 31, 2023; all payments necessary for the Company to exercise its option to acquire 87% of Canopy were equal to payments made by Canopy to purchase a controlling 60% interest of Golden Harvests. Interest payments of $10,800 were made on the business acquisition consideration payable of $360,000 for the two months ended December 31, 2023 ($59,400 for the year ended October 31, 2023).

 

Pg 22 of 41

 

 

OTHER SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

EBITDA AND ADJUSTED EBITDA (NON-IFRS MEASURES)

 

The Company’s “Adjusted EBITDA,” or “aEBITDA,” is a non-IFRS measure used by management that does not have any prescribed meaning by IFRS and that may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA is intended to provide a proxy for our operating cash flow before changes in non-cash working capital (“CNCWC”), which was $986,864 for the two months ended December 31, 2023 (for year ended October 31, 2023 - $7,633,872). The Company defines “EBITDA” as the Company’s net income or loss for a period, as reported, before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and is further adjusted to remove transaction costs, stock-based compensation expense, accretion expense, gain (loss) on derecognition of derivative liabilities, the effects of fair-value accounting for biological assets and inventory, as well as other non-cash items and items not representative of operational performance as reported in net income (loss). Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA adjusted for the impact of various significant or unusual transactions. The Company believes that this is a useful metric to evaluate its operating performance, as it allows analysts to compare us to our competitors and derive expectations of our future performance. Adjusted EBITDA increases comparability between comparative companies by adjusting for variability resulting from differences in capital structures, resource allocations and investments, the impact of fair value adjustments on biological assets and inventory and financial statements, which may be volatile and fluctuate significantly from period to period.

 

    Two months ended     Year ended  
    December 31     October 31  
Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation   2023
($)
    2023
($)
 
Net income (loss), as reported     672,427       (662,320 )
Add back realized fair value amounts included in inventory sold     460,647       2,573,151  
Deduct unrealized fair value gain on growth of biological assets     (686,867 )     (3,355,797 )
Add back amortization of property and equipment included in cost of sales     209,985       1,757,672  
      656,192       312,706  
Add back interest and interest accretion expense, as reported     285,657       1,397,348  
Add back amortization of property and equipment, as reported     186,415       578,641  
Add back share-based compensation     104,359       346,113  
Deduct unrealized gain/add back unrealized loss on derivative liability, as reported     (336,981 )     4,563,498  
Add back loss on disposal of property plant and equipment     87,699          
Deduct unrealized gain on warrants asset, as reported     (400,016 )     (129,113 )
Add back income tax expense, as reported     383,539       370,932  
EBITDA     966,864       7,440,125  
Performance incentive bonus payment1     -       -  
Severance and inactive employee compensation2     -       -  
Business development incentive bonus3     -       -  
Compliance costs4     -       83,747  
Costs associated with acquisition of Golden Harvests5     20,000       110,000  
Deduct gain on debt settlement with marketable securities6     -       -  
New production location startup costs7     -       -  
Adjusted EBITDA     986,864       7,633,872  

 

 
1 Payment to the minority owner and General Manager of Golden Harvests in recognition of outstanding business performance that was in excess of expected ongoing employment performance bonuses.

 

Pg 23 of 41

 

 

2 Payments to the COO as part of his transition when no longer a paid member of the Company’s executive team, effectively a severance package.
3 Payments to the owners of Golden Harvests and Company’s CEO to incentivize business growth during the startup phase of Golden Harvests. These costs are non-recurring in nature and not reflective of operational efficiency during the quarter. Of the $153,825 payment, $100,000 was beneficially made to the CEO, a related party.
4 Costs for professional services pertaining to prior periods as a result of efforts to bring the Company’s disclosures current with the Commission. The Company’s required disclosures were brought current, and over-the-counter trading resumed in the United States.
5 Costs associated with the Company’s acquisition of the Michigan assets.
6 On June 20, 2022, the Company announced the settlement of the PBIC Note, which had a principal balance owing of $700,000. The Company agreed to transfer its ownership in PBIC, comprised of 2,362,204 common shares in PBIC, to the creditor, to which PBIC sold and assigned the PBIC Note. In exchange, the creditor provided forgiveness and settlement of all amounts owing in connection with the PBIC Note, in which the Company reported a gain on debt settlement of $449,684 as a result of the settlement.
7 During the year ended October 31, 2022, we incurred $697,120 in non-recurring costs associated with the first year of operations at our Foothill outdoor facility, including product quality and sales prices not reflective of mature operations.

 

Below we reconcile aEBITDA to cash flows from operations before changes in non-cash working capital, in order to present the efficiency with which aEBITDA is converted into cash flows.

 

    Two months ended     Year ended  
    December 31     October 31  
Reconciliation of aEBITDA to cash from operations before CNCWC   2023
($)
    2023
($)
 
aEBITDA     986,864       7,633,872  
Less: Interest expense     (69,164 )     (370,616 )
Less: Income tax expense     (383,539 )     (370,932 )
Less: non-cash gain on debt settlement     -       -  
Add back: non-cash loss on asset disposal     -       182,025  
Impact of foreign exchange and other     6,106       (3,730 )
Impact of deferred income taxes     224,064       (470,358 )
Less: adjustments to EBITDA to arrive at aEBITDA:                
Performance incentive bonus payment     -       -  
Severance and inactive employee compensation     -       -  
Business development incentive bonus     -       -  
Gain on debt settlement for marketable securities     -       -  
Compliance costs     -       (83,747 )
Costs associated with acquisition of Golden Harvests     (20,000 )     (110,000 )
New production location startup costs     -       -  
Cash flows from operations before CNCWC, as reported     744,331       6,406,514  
Cash flows from operations before CNCWC as % of aEBITDA     75 %     84 %

 

Pg 24 of 41

 

 

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA

 

As of the date of this MD&A, the Company had 208,250,743 common shares outstanding.

 

As of the date of this MD&A, the Company has the following warrants outstanding, exercisable into common shares:

 

Exercise price (CAD$)     Warrants outstanding     Life (years)   Expiry date
0.33     8,500,000     4.44   October 05, 2028

 

As of the date of this MD&A, the Company has the following stock options outstanding and exercisable into common shares:

 

                  Remaining        
      Options     Number     Contractual Life        
Exercise price (CAD$)     outstanding     exercisable     (years)     Expiry period  
  0.15       1,075,000       1,012,500       0.3     July 2024  
  0.15       200,000       200,000       0.7     November 2024  
  0.30       1,000,000       850,000       1.1     April 2025  
  0.16       1,150,000       1,150,000       1.2     May 2025  
  0.15       85,000       85,000       1.7     November 2025  
  0.15       300,000       150,000       2.1     April 2026  
  0.15       5,475,000       5,475,000       2.8     January 2027  
  0.30       400,000       -       3.6     September 2027  
  0.39       600,000       125,000       3.7     November 2027  
  0.18       10,285,000       9,047,500       2.4        

 

As of the date of this MD&A, the Company has December Convertible Debentures outstanding with an aggregate principal balance of $300,000 and accrued interest of approximately $717. The debentures mature on December 2, 2025. Interest accrues at 9% per annum and is payable on the last business days of March, June, September, and December.

 

Shares issuable upon conversion of the December Convertible Debentures as of the date of this MD&A are presented in the table below.

 

Debenture principal     Accrued interest     USD/CAD
exchange rate *
    Exercise price
(CAD$)
    Shares issuable
if converted
 
$ 300,000     $ 717       1.3668       0.20       2,014,950  

 

 
* Most recent exchange rate as published by the Bank of Canada.

 

As of the date of this MD&A, the Company also has July Convertible Debentures outstanding with an aggregate principal balance of $4,800,000 and accrued interest of approximately $34,418. The debentures mature on July 13, 2026. Interest accrues at 9% per annum and is payable on the last business days of March, June, September, and December.

 

Shares issuable upon conversion of the July Convertible Debentures as of the date of this MD&A are presented in the table below:

 

Debenture principal     Accrued interest     USD/CAD
exchange rate *
    Exercise price
(CAD$)
    Shares issuable
if converted
 
$ 4,800,000     $ 34,418       1.3668       0.24       26,376,000  

 

 
* Most recent exchange rate as published by the Bank of Canada.

 

Pg 25 of 41

 

 

Additionally, as of the date of this MD&A, the Company has August Convertible Debentures outstanding with an aggregate principal balance of $1,000,000 and accrued interest of approximately $7,170. The debentures mature on August 17, 2027. Interest accrues at 9% per annum and is payable on the last business days of March, June, September, and December.

 

Shares issuable upon conversion of the August Convertible Debentures as of the date of this MD&A are presented in the table below:

 

Debenture principal     Accrued interest     USD/CAD
exchange rate *
    Exercise price
(CAD$)
    Shares issuable
if converted
 
$ 1,000,000     $ 7,170       1.3668       0.24       5,632,500  

 

 

* Most recent exchange rate as published by the Bank of Canada.

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTIES

 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires that the Company’s management make critical judgments, estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. The most significant judgments include those related to the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern, the determination of when property and equipment are available for use, and impairment of its financial and non-financial assets. The most significant estimates and assumptions include those related to the valuation of biological assets, the collectability of accounts receivable, the useful lives of property and equipment, inputs used in accounting the determination of the discount rate used to estimate the fair value of the liability component of convertible debt instruments, the discount rates used to calculate present values of lease liabilities, the inputs used in the estimate of the fair value of equity based compensation, and the inputs used in the estimate of the fair value of equity instruments.

 

NEWLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

Amendments to IAS 41: Agriculture

 

As part of its 2018-2020 annual improvements to the standards process of IFRS, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 41 Agriculture. The amendment removes the requirement in paragraph 22 of IAS 41 for entities to exclude taxation cash flow when measuring the fair value of a biological asset using a present value technique. This will ensure consistency with the requirements in IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement. The amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. The Company adopted the Amendments to IAS 41 effective November 1, 2022, which did not have material impact to the Company’s Financial Statements.

 

Amendments to IFRS 9: Financial Instruments

 

As part of its 2018-2020 annual improvements to IFRS standards process, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. The amendment clarifies the fees that an entity includes when assessing whether the terms of a new or modified financial liability are substantially different from the terms of the original financial liability. These fees include only those paid or received between the borrower and the lender, including fees paid or received by either the borrower or lender on the other’s behalf. An entity applies the amendment to financial liabilities that are modified or exchanged

 

Pg 26 of 41

 

 

on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period in which the entity first applies the amendment. The amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022 with earlier adoption permitted. The Company adopted the Amendments to IFRS 9 effective November 1, 2022, which did not have material impact to the Company’s Financial Statements.

 

Amendments to IAS 37: Onerous Contracts — Cost of Fulfilling a Contract

 

The amendment specifies that the ‘cost of fulfilling’ a contract comprises the ‘costs that relate directly to the contract’. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022 with early application permitted. The Company adopted the amendments to IAS 37 effective November 1, 2022, which did not have material impact to the Company’s Financial Statements.

 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND OTHER RISK FACTORS

 

MARKET RISK

 

Market risk is the risk that the fair value or cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market prices. Market risk reflects interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risks.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

At December 31, and October 31, 2023, the Company’s exposure to interest rate risk relates to long term debt, convertible promissory notes, and finance lease obligations, but its interest rate risk is limited as the aforementioned financial instruments are fixed interest rate instruments.

 

Currency Risk

 

As at December 31, 2023, the Company had a portion of its accounts payable and accrued liabilities denominated in Canadian dollars which amounted to CAD$155,679 (CAD $190,169 at October 31, 2023). The Company is exposed to the risk of fluctuation in the rate of exchange between the Canadian Dollar and the United States Dollar.

 

Other Price Risk

 

Other price risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices, other than those arising from interest rate risk or foreign currency risk and a change in the price of cannabis. The Company is not exposed to significant other price risk.

 

CREDIT RISK

 

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a loss for the other party by failing to pay for its obligation.

 

Credit risk to the Company is derived from cash and trade accounts receivable. The Company places its cash in deposit with United States financial institutions. The Company has established a policy to mitigate the risk of loss related to granting customer credit by primarily selling on a cash-on-delivery basis.

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits. Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000.

 

Pg 27 of 41

 

 

At December 31, 2023 and October 31, 2023, the Company had $6,054,579 and $8,108,247 in excess of the FDIC insured limit, respectively.

 

The carrying amount of cash and trade accounts receivable represents the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk; the balances of these accounts are summarized in the following table:

 

    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
 
    $     $  
Cash     6,804,579       8,858,247  
Accounts Receivable     1,642,990       2,109,424  
Notes Receivable     2,449,122       1,430,526  
Total     10,896,691       12,398,197  

 

The allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2023 was $373,393 (October 31, 2023 - $165,347).

 

LIQUIDITY RISK

 

Liquidity risk represents the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities. The Company’s approach to managing liquidity risk is to ensure that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet liabilities when they become due. At December 31, and October 31, 2023, the Company’s working capital accounts were as follows:

 

    December 31,
2023
    October 31,
2023
 
    $     $  
Cash     6,804,579       8,858,247  
Current assets excluding cash     8,807,958       8,563,290  
Total current assets     15,612,537       17,421,537  
Current liabilities     (11,770,203 )     (13,004,181 )
Working capital     3,842,334       4,417,356  

 

The Company Faces Risks Inherent in an Agricultural Business.

 

Cannabis is an agricultural product. There are risks inherent in the agricultural business, such as insects, plant diseases, forest fire and similar agricultural risks. Although some of the Company’s cannabis flower is grown indoors under climate-controlled conditions, with conditions monitored, there can be no assurance that natural elements will not have a material adverse effect on the production of the Company’s products.

 

FAIR VALUES

 

A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair valued for both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. The Company has an established framework, which includes team members who have overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements, including Level 3 fair values. When measuring the fair value of an asset or liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible.

 

The Company regularly assesses significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments. Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

 

Level 1: unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

 

Pg 28 of 41

 

 

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; or

 

Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

 

The carrying values of the financial instruments at December 31, 2023 are summarized in the following table:

 

    Level in
fair value
  Amortized        
    hierarchy   Cost     FVTPL  
        $     $  
Financial Assets                    
Cash   Level 1     6,804,579       -  
Accounts receivable   Level 2     1,642,990       -  
Warrants asset   Level 2             1,761,382  
                     
Financial Liabilities                    
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   Level 2     1,358,962       -  
Debt   Level 2     862,704       -  
Convertible debentures   Level 2     2,459,924          
Business acquisition consideration payable   Level 2     360,000       -  
Derivative liability   Level 2             7,471,519  

 

During the two months ended December 31, 2023, there were no transfers of amounts between levels.

 

The carrying values of the financial instruments at October 31, 2023, are summarized in the following table:

 

    Level in
fair value
  Amortized        
    hierarchy   Cost     FVTPL  
        $     $  
Financial Assets                    
Cash   Level 1     8,858,247       -  
Accounts receivable   Level 2     2,109,424       -  
Warrants asset   Level 2             1,361,366  
                     
Financial Liabilities                    
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   Level 2     2,359,750       -  
Debt   Level 2     1,388,517       -  
Convertible debentures   Level 2     2,412,762          
Business acquisition consideration payable   Level 2     360,000       -  
Derivative liabilities   Level 2             7,808,500  

 

During the year ended October 31, 2023, there were no transfers of amounts between levels.

 

See additional risk factors relating to the Company as described in section 17 of the Company’s Listing Statement dated November 15, 2018 which can be found under the Company’s profile on www.sedarplus.ca.

 

Pg 29 of 41

 

 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

PURCHASE OF ROSS LANE, OREGON FARM PROPERTY

 

On January 12, 2024, the Company executed the option to purchase the Ross Lane property located in Central Point, Oregon for total consideration of $1,525,000.

 

NEW JERSEY RETAIL INVESTMENT

 

On January 17, 2024, the Company announced that it formed Grown Rogue Retail Ventures LLC and signed a definitive agreement on January 16, 2024, to invest in and support Nile of NJ LLC, a company that is developing an adult-use dispensary in West New York, New Jersey. The investment is in the form of a secured note, in which the Company advanced $500,000 pursuant to this secured note on February 13, 2024. These retail operations will be supported with products from a cultivation facility under development.

 

WARRANTS ACCELERATION

 

On March 1, 2024, the Company announced it has accelerated the expiry date of an aggregate of 23,270,249 common share purchase warrants comprised of the December Warrants, July Warrants and August Warrants. The Company issued the notice of acceleration required by the warrant certificates governing these warrants on March 1, 2024, thereby accelerating the expiry date to 90 days from the date of notice. As of April 10, 2024, all 23,270,249 common share purchase warrants were exercised for an aggregate of 23,270,249 common shares for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately US$4.7 million.

 

ILLINOIS EXPANSION

 

On March 5, 2024, the Company announced it signed a definitive agreement to form Rogue EBC, LLC, a joint venture with EBC Ventures. The joint venture has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire 100% of CannEquality, LLC, which holds a craft growers license with the Illinois Department of Agriculture. Grown Rogue will own 70% of the joint venture and has agreed to contribute up to US$6,000,000 to support the development of the facility. The joint venture agreement includes multiple purchase options, which ultimately give Grown Rogue the ability to acquire 100% of the membership interests of the joint venture.

 

CANOPY BUYOUT

 

On April 25, 2024, the Company announced that it has increased ownership in its Michigan operations from 52.2% to 80% in two transactions for total consideration of US$2.8M, with US$0.2M paid in cash and US$2.6M paid by way of 4 year sellers’ notes. Grown Rogue increased its ownership in Golden Harvests, the entity that controls its Michigan operations, operating out of an 80,000 sq ft facility that contains approximately 15,000 square feet of flowering bench space. We purchased the total remaining minority interest in Canopy for US$0.8M, which includes a 20% down payment in cash and monthly payments for a period of 4 years with an interest rate of 5.2% per annum. Additionally, the Company purchased 20% of the minority interest in Golden Harvests for US$2.0M, which includes minimum quarterly payments in cash for a period of 4 years. The transaction provides for a valuation of Golden Harvests at US$10.0M. All payments owing to the sellers are expected to be completed with cash on hand and cash generated from operations. The Company retains the option to acquire the remaining 20% of Golden Harvests at a fair market valuation.

 

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REGULATORY DISCLOSURE

 

Grown Rogue derives a substantial portion of its revenues from the state-legal cannabis industry in the United States. Grown Rogue is indirectly involved (through subsidiaries) in the state-legal cannabis industry in the United States where respective state laws permit “adult-use”/“reactional” and/or medical cannabis cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sales, and possession. Currently, Grown Rogue’s subsidiaries directly participate in the cultivation, manufacture, possession, distribution, or sale of cannabis in Oregon’s adult-use market and in Michigan’s medical and adult-use market. Pending regulatory approval, Grown Rogue, through its subsidiaries, expects to participate in Illinois’s and New Jersey’s adult-use markets over the coming year.

 

Cannabis is classified as a Schedule I narcotic under the United States Controlled Substances Act (the “CSA” or “Federal CSA”), making it federally illegal in the United States. A Schedule I narcotic under the CSA is deemed to have a high potential for abuse, no accepted medical use, and a lack of accepted safety for the use of the drug under medical supervision. The United States Food and Drug Administration has not approved marijuana as a safe and effective drug for any indication.

 

Despite federal illegality, over the past decade 38 states have legalized cannabis for medical use within their borders, 24 states, two territories, and the District of Columbia have enacted measures to regulate cannabis for recreational use, and nine states have approved measures to allow for “low THC” medical use programs. As such, cannabis is largely regulated at the state level in the United States. Notwithstanding the permissive regulatory environment of cannabis at the state level, pursuant to the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution, United States federal laws are paramount and in case of conflict between federal and state law in the United States, the federal law shall apply. As a result of the conflict between state and federal law regarding cannabis, investments in cannabis businesses in the United States are subject to inconsistent legislation and regulation.

 

On the federal legislative side, a number of bills (some bi-partisan) have been introduced in Congress over the years in an attempt to address and perhaps reconcile the tension between state-legal cannabis programs and federal illegality, including the Strengthening the Tenth Amendment Through Entrusting States (STATES) Act, the Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act (MORE) Act, the Cannabis Administration and Opportunity (CAOA) Act, the Secure and Fair Enforcement (SAFE) Banking Act, the Preparing Regulators Effectively for a Post-Prohibition Adult-Use Regulated Environment (PREPARE) Act, and the Small Business Tax Equity (SBTE) Act. Congress has not passed any material marijuana reform legislation in decades.

 

There has, however, been activity with respect to cannabis from the administrative branch. In 2013, then United States Department of Justice Deputy Attorney General James M. Cole issued a memorandum (the “Cole Memorandum”) for all United States Attorneys providing updated guidance to federal prosecutors concerning marijuana enforcement under the CSA. The Cole Memorandum applied to all Department of Justice federal enforcement activity, including civil enforcement, criminal investigations, and prosecutions concerning marijuana in all states. However, the Cole Memorandum was rescinded by Attorney General Jeff Sessions on January 4, 2018. Notably, the Biden administration has tacitly reverted to the guidance provided in the Cole Memorandum. Although current Attorney General Merrick Garland has not officially reinstated the Cole Memorandum, he advised in written testimony in early 2021 that he did not “think it the best use of the Department’s limited resources to pursue prosecutions of those who are complying with the laws in states that have legalized and are effectively regulating marijuana.” The Department of the Treasury adopted recommendations based on the standards set forth in the Cole Memorandum in its guidance (the “FinCen Guidance”) provided in 2014. Despite the repeal of the Cole Memorandum, the Department of Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) has confirmed that the FinCEN Guidance remains in effect and the Department of Treasury indicated it will remain in place.

 

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On October 6, 2022, President Biden, among other things, asked the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Attorney General to initiate the administrative process to review expeditiously how marijuana is scheduled under federal law. On or about August 29, 2023, Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) Rachel Levine transmitted a letter to the head of the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA), Anne Milgram, recommending that cannabis and its derivatives be removed from Schedule I of the CSA. HHS’s recommendation is to reschedule cannabis to Schedule III. Schedule III substances are deemed to have medicinal value and have potential for abuse but less than substances in Schedules I or II, and abuse that may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. HHS’s recommendation remains pending and the Department of Justice (DOJ), specifically the DEA, is in the process of assessing it. If DOJ accepts the recommendation, it will then promulgate rules to effectuate the reschedule.

 

There is no guarantee that state laws legalizing and regulating the sale and use of cannabis will not be repealed or overturned. Unless and until the United States amends the CSA with respect to marijuana, there is a risk that federal authorities may enforce current federal law. If the federal government begins to enforce federal law, or if existing applicable state laws are repealed or curtailed, Grown Rogue’s business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially adversely affected. There thus remains a risk that federal authorities may enforce current federal law against companies such as Grown Rogue for violation of federal law or they may seek to bring an action or actions against Grown Rogue and/or its investors for violation of federal law or otherwise, including, but not limited to, a claim against investors for aiding and abetting another’s criminal activities.

 

In light of the uncertainty surrounding the treatment of United States cannabis-related activities, including the rescission of the Cole Memorandum, the Canadian Securities Administrators published a Staff Notice 51-352 (Revised) – Issuers with U.S. Marijuana-Related Activities (“Staff Notice 51-352”) on February 8, 2018 setting out certain disclosure expectations for issuers with United States cannabis-related activities. Staff Notice 51-352 includes additional disclosure expectations that apply to all issuers with United States cannabis-related activities, including those with direct and indirect involvement in the cultivation and distribution of cannabis, as well as issuers that provide goods and services to third parties involved in the United States cannabis industry.

 

In accordance with the Staff Notice 51-352, below is a table of concordance that is intended to assist readers in identifying the disclosure expectations outlined in Staff Notice 51-352.

 

In accordance with Staff Notice 51-352, this section provides a discussion of the federal and state-level U.S. regulatory regimes in the jurisdictions where Grown Rogue is currently directly involved through its subsidiaries or is planning to be directly involved in the future. Certain Grown Rogue subsidiaries are directly engaged in the cultivation, manufacture, possession, sale, or distribution of cannabis in the recreational cannabis marketplace in the State of Oregon and in the medical and recreational marketplaces in the State of Michigan. Pending regulatory approval, certain Grown Rogue subsidiaries expect to be directly engaged in the cultivation, manufacture, possession, sale, or distribution of cannabis in the recreational cannabis marketplace in New Jersey and Illinois. In accordance with Staff Notice 51-352, Grown Rogue will evaluate, monitor and reassess this disclosure, and any related risks, on an ongoing basis and the same will be supplemented and amended to investors in public filings, including in the event of government policy changes or the introduction of new or amended guidance, laws, or regulations regarding marijuana regulation. Any non-compliance, citations or notices of violation which may have an impact on Grown Rogue’s licenses, business activities, or operations will be promptly disclosed by Grown Rogue.

 

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All Issuers with US Marijuana-Related Activities Response
Describe the nature of the issuer’s involvement in the U.S. marijuana industry and include the disclosures indicates for at least one of the direct, indirect and ancillary industry involvement types.

See above under “Description of Business”.

 
See below under “U.S. Regulatory Matters

Prominently state that marijuana is illegal under US federal law and that enforcement of relevant laws is a significant risk See above
Discuss any statements and other available guidance made by federal authorities or prosecutors regarding the risk of enforcement action in any jurisdiction where the issuer conducts U.S. marijuana-related activities.

See below under “U.S. Regulatory Matters


See the following risk factors included in the Company’s Listing Statement available on www.sedarplus.ca:


Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s Business is Illegal under U.S. Federal Law

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Because marijuana is illegal under federal law, investing in cannabis business could be found to violate the Federal CSA

Outline related risks including, among others, the risk that third party service providers could suspend or withdraw services and the risk that regulatory bodies could impose certain restrictions on the issuer’s ability to operate in the U.S.

See the following risk factors included in the Company’s Listing Statement available on www.sedarplus.ca:

 
Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s Business is Illegal under U.S. Federal Law

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Because marijuana is illegal under federal law, investing in cannabis business could be found to violate the Federal CSA

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Other Laws and Regulations

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Current and Future Consumer Protection Regulatory Requirements

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Operational Risks

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue will not be able to deduct many normal business expenses

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – External Factors

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Failure to Protect Intellectual Property

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Agricultural Operations

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Liability, Enforcement Complaints etc.

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s business is highly regulated and it may not be issued necessary licenses, permits, and cards

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Licenses

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Local Laws and Ordinances

 

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All Issuers with US Marijuana-Related Activities Response
 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Third party service providers to Grown Rogue may withdraw or suspend their service

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue may not be able to obtain or maintain a bank account

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s contracts may be unenforceable and property may be subject to seizure

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – The protections of US bankruptcy law may be unavailable

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue may have a difficult time obtaining insurance which may expose Grown Rogue to additional risk and financial liabilities

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s websites are accessible in jurisdictions where medicinal or recreational use of marijuana is not permitted and, as a result Grown Rogue may be found to be violating the laws of those jurisdictions

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – The marijuana industry faces significant opposition in the United States

Given the illegality of marijuana under US federal law, discuss the issuer’s ability to access both public and private capital and indicate what financing options are/are not available in order to support continuing operations.

See above under “Description of Business”.

 

See the following risk factor included in the Company’s Listing Statement available on www.sedarplus.ca:

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue may not be able to obtain or maintain a bank account 

Quantify the issuer’s balance sheet and operating statement exposure to U.S. marijuana-related activities. 100% of Grown Rogue’s balance sheet and operating statements are exposed to U.S. marijuana-related activities.
Disclose if legal advice has not been obtained, either in the form of a legal opinion or otherwise, regarding (a) compliance with applicable state regulatory frameworks and (b) potential exposure and implications arising from U.S. federal law. Grown Rogue has received legal advice from multiple attorneys regarding (a) compliance with applicable state regulatory frameworks and (b) potential exposure and implications arising from U.S. federal law.
Federal CSA Requirement – US Marijuana Issuers with direct involvement in cultivation or distribution Response 
Outline the regulations for U.S. states in which the issuer operates and confirm how the issuer complies with applicable licensing requirements and the regulatory framework enacted by the applicable U.S. state. See below under “U.S. Regulatory Matters

 

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Federal CSA Requirement – US Marijuana Issuers with direct involvement in cultivation or distribution Response
Discuss the issuer’s program for monitoring compliance with U.S. state law on an ongoing basis, outline internal compliance procedures and provide a positive statement indicating that the issuer is in compliance with U.S. state law and the related licensing framework. Promptly disclose any non-compliance, citations or notices of violation which may have an impact on the issuer’s license, business activities or operations.

See below under “U.S. Regulatory Matters

 

See the following risk factors included in the Company’s Listing Statement available on www.sedarplus.ca:

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s Business is Illegal under U.S. Federal Law

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Other Laws and Regulations

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Grown Rogue’s business is highly regulated and it may not be issued necessary licenses, permits, and cards

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Licenses

 

Section 17 – Risk Factors – Liability, Enforcement Complaints etc.

U.S. Marijuana Issuers with indirect involvement in cultivation or distribution Response
Outline the regulations for U.S. states in which the issuer’s investee(s) operate. N/A
Provide reasonable assurance, through either positive or negative statements, that the investee’s business is in compliance with applicable licensing requirements and the regulatory framework enacted by the applicable U.S. state. Promptly disclose any non-compliance, citations or notices of violation, of which the issuer is aware, that may have an impact on the investee’s licence, business activities or operations. N/A
U.S. Marijuana Issuers with material ancillary involvement Response
Provide reasonable assurance, through either positive or negative statements, that the applicable customer’s or investee’s business is in compliance with applicable licensing requirements and the regulatory framework enacted by the applicable U.S. state. N/A

 

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U.S. REGULATORY MATTERS

 

Grown Rogue (through its subsidiaries) has direct involvement in the cultivation, manufacture, possession, sale, and distribution of marijuana in the United States. Grown Rogue and its subsidiaries are primarily involved in the U.S. marijuana industry as a seed to retail company with operations currently in Oregon and Michigan (both of which have legalized medical and recreational marijuana). Grown Rogue, through its subsidiaries, produces recreational marijuana and distributes it to dispensaries throughout Oregon and Michigan.

 

Grown Rogue incorporates its discussion above in the “Regulatory Disclosure” section regarding the status of cannabis in the United States and the interplay between federal and state laws. As discussed therein, active enforcement of the current federal law on cannabis may directly and adversely affect revenues and profits of Grown Rogue. The risk of strict enforcement of the Federal CSA remains uncertain.

 

U.S. FEDERAL LAWS APPLICABLE TO BANKING

 

Because producing, manufacturing, processing, possessing, distributing, selling, and using marijuana is a crime under the CSA, most U.S. banks and other financial institutions are unwilling to provide banking services to marijuana-related businesses due to concerns about criminal liability under the CSA as well as concerns related to federal money laundering rules under the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act. Canadian banks are also hesitant to work with cannabis companies, due to the uncertain legal and regulatory framework of the industry. Banks and other financial institutions could be prosecuted and possibly convicted of money laundering for providing services to cannabis businesses.

 

Under U.S. federal law, banks or other financial institutions that provide a cannabis business with a checking account, debit or credit card, small business loan, or any other service could be found guilty of money laundering or conspiracy. In both Canada and the United States transactions by cannabis businesses involving banks and other financial institutions are both difficult and unpredictable under the current legal and regulatory landscape. Though guidelines issued in past years allow financial institutions to provide bank accounts to certain cannabis businesses, relatively few U.S. banks have taken advantage of those guidelines and many U. S. cannabis businesses still operate on an all-cash basis.

 

OREGON STATE REGULATION

 

The Oregon Medical Marijuana Program (“OMMP”) is a state registry program within the Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority (“OHA”). The role of the OHA is to administer the Oregon Medical Marijuana Act. The OMMP allows individuals with a medical history of one or more qualifying illnesses and a doctor’s written statement to apply for registration with the OMMP. Qualified applicants are issued a registry identification card that entitles them to legally possess and cultivate cannabis, subject to certain limitations.

 

On November 4, 2014, Oregon voters passed Measure 91, known as the Control, Regulation, and Taxation of Marijuana and Industrial Hemp Act (the “Act”), effectively ending the state’s prohibition of recreational marijuana and legalizing the possession, use, and cultivation of marijuana within legal limits by adults 21 years and older. The Act did not amend or affect the Oregon Medical Marijuana Act and the OMMP. The Act empowered the Oregon Liquor Control Commission (“OLCC”) with regulating sales of recreational marijuana in Oregon. It is possible that the voters could potentially repeal the law that permits both the medical and recreational marijuana industry to operate under state law.

 

Under current Oregon law, possession, and home cultivation by adults at least 21 years old is allowed within legal limits. Public sales of marijuana and marijuana products may be done only through OLCC-licensed retailers. Medical marijuana patients and adults at least 21 years of age may purchase marijuana and marijuana products at OLCC-licensed retailers. Medical marijuana patients are not charged sales tax for their purchases when they present their registry identification card. OLCC-licensed retailers (and their associated applicants and licensees) are required to obtain a certificate of tax compliance to show compliance with Oregon tax laws at the time of license issuance and at each annual license renewal. The OLCC has the authority to require all OLCC license types to demonstrate compliance with Oregon tax laws, but it has not yet done so.

 

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The OLCC issues five basic types of recreational marijuana licenses: (a) producer, (b) processor, (c) wholesaler, (d) retailer, and (e) testing laboratory. Each license type must be renewed annually and in a timely manner (i.e., on or before the license expiration date). Oregon currently has a moratorium on the issuance of new OLCC licenses (with the exception of testing laboratories). This moratorium sunsets on December 31, 2024 and will be replaced with a per capita limit on the issuance of new OLCC licenses. Under the new license limit, the OLCC may not accept new applications for: (a) producer or retail licenses unless there is not more than one active license per 7,500 residents in the state who are 21 years of age or older; and (b) processor and wholesale licenses unless there is not more than one active license per 12,500 residents in the state who are 21 years of age or older. Applications for renewals, changes of location, changes of ownership, or changes in the size of a mature canopy are exempt from both the moratorium and the license limit. The OLCC may disqualify applicants for a number of reasons, including for lacking a good moral character, for lacking sufficient financial resources or responsibility, for relevant past convictions, and for using marijuana, alcohol, or drugs “to excess.”

 

Grown Rogue has a comprehensive compliance program, which tracks all aspects of operations through the METRC program (an online software tool mandated by the State of Oregon that tracks seed to retail purchases), as well as compliance with all state and federal employment and other safety regulations.

 

Grown Rogue is periodically advised by various outside attorneys about the requirements for compliance with Oregon law.

 

Grown Rogue is in compliance with Oregon state law and its related licensing framework.

 

MICHIGAN STATE REGULATION

 

In November 2008, Michigan residents approved the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act (the “MMMA”) to provide a legal framework for a safe and effective medical marijuana program. In September 2016, the Michigan Senate passed the Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (the “MMFLA”) and the Marihuana Tracking Act (the “MTA”). On November 6, 2018, Michigan voters approved the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act, which makes marijuana legal under state and local law for adults 21 years of age or older and controls the commercial production and distribution of marijuana under a system that licenses, regulates, and taxes the businesses involved.

 

The Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (“LARA”) is the main regulatory authority for the licensing of marijuana businesses, and it currently administrates five types of “state operating licenses” for marijuana businesses: (a) a “grower” license, (b) a “processor” license, (c) a “secure transporter” license, (d) a “provisioning center” license and (e) a “safety compliance facility” license. There are no stated limits on the number of licenses that can be made available on a state level; however, LARA has discretion over the approval of applications and municipalities can pass additional restrictions including zoning and licensing requirements.

 

Grown Rogue has a comprehensive compliance program, which tracks all aspects of operations through the METRC program (an online software tool mandated through the State of Michigan that tracks seed to retail purchases), as well as compliance with all state and federal employment and other safety regulations.

 

Grown Rogue is periodically advised by various outside attorneys about the requirements for compliance with Michigan law. Grown Rogue is in compliance with Michigan state law and its related licensing framework.

 

MICHIGAN LICENSE CLASSES AND MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY

 

State operating licenses for marijuana businesses have a 1 year term and are annually renewable if certain conditions are met: (a) the renewal application is submitted prior to the date the license expires, or within sixty (60) days of expiration if all other conditions are met and a late fee is paid, (b) the licensee pays the regulatory assessment fee set by LARA and (c) the licensee continues to meet the requirements to be a licensee under the Michigan Cannabis Regulations.

 

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Each renewal application is reviewed by LARA, and provided that the requisite renewal fees are paid, the renewal application is timely submitted prior to the expiration date, and there are no material violations noted against the applicable licenses, a licensee would expect to receive the applicable renewed license in the ordinary course of business.

 

There are no stated limits on the number of licenses that can be made available on a state level; however, regulatory authorities have discretion over the approval of applications and municipalities can pass additional restrictions.

 

Licensees are heavily regulated with on-going requirements related to operations, security, storage, transportation, inventorying, personnel, and more. As in other states where cannabis is legal, Michigan regulators can deny or revoke licenses and renewals for multiple reasons. Additionally, license holders must ensure that no cannabis is sold, delivered, or distributed by a producer from or to a location outside of Michigan.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the MTA, LARA utilizes METRC as the state’s third-party solution for marijuana and marijuana product tracking. METRC is Michigan’s statewide seed-to-sale marijuana tracking system that uses serialized tags attached to every plant — and labels attached to wholesale packages — to track marijuana inventory. METRC allows us to track our inventory, permissible sales and seed-to-sale information. METRC also gives regulators access to our product supply chain from seed-to-sale.

 

NEW JERSEY STATE REGULATION

 

New Jersey enacted the Compassionate Use Medical Marijuana Act (“CUMMA”) on January 18, 2010. CUMMA allows patients with qualifying medical conditions to access cannabis through a program regulated by the New Jersey Department of Health (“NJDOH”), which authorized six alternative treatment centers (“ATCs”) to operate as vertically integrated cultivators and dispensaries. In 2019, the NJDOH held a “Request for Application” process for 24 additional ATCs, with some ATCs limited to cultivation, some limited to retail dispensaries, and some vertically integrated.

 

Following voter approval of an adult-use cannabis ballot measure amending the New Jersey Constitution to permit the use of cannabis for adults 21 years of age and older, on February 22, 2021, New Jersey enacted the Cannabis Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act (“CREAMMA”), which legalized the adult use of marijuana and established the New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory Commission (“CRC”) as the regulatory body for both the medical and recreational cannabis within the state.

 

Under CREAMMA, ATCs can apply to serve the recreational cannabis market as “Expanded ATCs.” In addition, New Jersey established six (6) new classes of licenses for recreational use: Class 1 Cannabis Cultivator, authorized to grow recreational cannabis; Class 2 Cannabis Manufacturer, permitted to manufacture cannabis products; Class 3 Cannabis Wholesaler, licensed to store, sell, and transfer cannabis items among cultivators, wholesalers, and retailers; Class 4 Cannabis Distributor, authorized to transport cannabis items in bulk within the state; Class 5 Cannabis Retailer, allowed to purchase cannabis from licensed sources and sell to consumers in retail settings; and Class 6 Cannabis Delivery, tasked with transporting purchases from retailers to consumers. Additionally, New Jersey offers microbusiness licenses targeting smaller, local enterprises. These licenses are restricted to operations with no more than 10 employees, with at least 51% of them required to reside in the local or neighboring municipalities. Notably, there are no statutory caps on the number of licenses the CRC may issue. However, the CRC has discretion over the approval of applications and municipalities can pass additional restrictions including zoning and licensing requirements.

 

Recreational cannabis businesses in New Jersey are permitted to integrate vertically by holding licenses across several classes—cultivator, manufacturer, retailer, and delivery service, or as both a wholesaler and a distributor. However, businesses are restricted to holding only one license per class.

 

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As part of the adult use licensing process, applicants are permitted to apply for “conditional” or “annual” licenses. Conditional licenses serve as an entry point for industry newcomers, providing them up to 120 days (with a potential 45-day extension) to site their proposed operations. To qualify for a conditional license, applicants must meet specific residency and financial requirements. Successful conditional license holders may transition to annual licenses, which transition is required for the business to be approved by the CRC to begin operations. Additionally, the CRC implemented a program that prioritizes review of applications from Diversely Owned, Social Equity, and Impact Zone qualifying applicants. Microbusinesses are also prioritized, with opportunities for expansion.

 

Recently, the CRC approved new regulations for cannabis consumption lounges, which are set to be implemented following approvals from the New Jersey Office of Administrative Law and local municipalities. These lounges, required to be attached to existing dispensaries and prohibited from selling food or alcohol, aim to offer a secure, regulated environment for medical and recreational cannabis users to consume their own products.

 

To safeguard fair business practices and maintain competitive market conditions, New Jersey imposes specific prohibitions on Financial Source Agreements (FSA) and Management Services Agreements (MSA).

 

The CRCA utilizes METRC as the state’s third-party solution for marijuana and marijuana product tracking from seed to sale.

 

ILLINOIS STATE REGULATIONS

 

In August 2013, Illinois became the 20th state to authorize a program for the cultivation and dispensing of cannabis for medical purposes for qualified medical patients—the Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Program. In June 2019, Illinois passed the Cannabis Regulation and Tax Act (“CRTA”), which legalized cannabis for recreational use and created one of the largest adult use markets in the country. The law went into effect on June 25, 2019, and adult use sales of cannabis began in the state on January 1, 2020. Under the CRTA, existing medical cannabis license holders were allowed to apply for Early Approval Adult Use Dispensing Organization (“EAAUDO”) licenses to be able to sell adult use product at existing medical cannabis dispensaries. Existing medical operators also received the privilege of opening a secondary adult use only retail dispensary for every medical cannabis dispensary location already existing in the operator’s portfolio. All EAAUDO license holders were also required to commit to Illinois’s groundbreaking Social Equity program either through a financial contribution, grant agreement, donation, incubation program, or sponsorship program.

 

The CRTA also authorized the issuance of an additional 75 Adult Use Dispensing Organization (“AUDO”) licenses, 40 craft grower licenses as well as infuser and transporter licenses in 2020. Generally speaking, these licenses were to be awarded via a competitive application process. The CRTA provided a significant advantage to applicants that qualified as a “Social Equity Applicant” under the CRTA. In addition, the CRTA authorized issuance up to 110 additional AUDO licenses and 60 craft grower licenses by December 21, 2021. However, due the COVID-19 pandemic, litigation relating to the application process, and the passage of H.B. 1443, which amended the CRTA, the issuance of new cannabis licenses in Illinois was delayed until July 2021. By June 2022, the Illinois Department of Agriculture (“IDOA”) has issued approximately 87 craft grower licenses in several tranches, along with infuser and transporter licenses. Note that those applicants who did not win a craft grow license have since sued IDOA alleging a host of issues and arguments relating to the application and scoring process. All such cases were consolidated for administrative purposes and are still pending (In re Cannabis Craft Grow Litigation, Case No.: 22 CH 06071).

 

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On September 3, 2021, the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (“IDFPR”) announced that 185 Conditional AUDO licenses have been awarded through three license lotteries that took place on July 29, 2021, August 5, 2021, and August 19, 2021 respectively. These Conditional AUDO licenses were ultimately issued to the respective winners in July 2022. The CRTA was subsequently amended in the Spring of 2023 and Conditional AUDO license holders are now required to site and operationalize their dispensaries within 720 days of license receipt.

 

The state of Illinois currently uses BioTrackTHC as its computerized track-and-trace system for seed-to-sale reporting. However, Illinois announced that it will be switching to Metrc as the state’s track-and-trace system and that switch is expected to be implemented in or around the beginning of 2024. Individual licensees, whether directly or through third-party integration systems, are required to push data to the state to meet all reporting requirements.

 

Illinois allows for five types of cannabis businesses within the state: (1) cultivation centers; (2) craft growers; (3) infusers; and (4) transporters, which are regulated by the IDOA. Fifth are dispensaries, which are regulated by the IDFPR. Vertical integration is permissible through the acquisition of the various license types, but there are restrictions on certain license ownership. Pursuant to the CRTA, an individual may not be a “Principal Officer” in: (1) more than 10 adult use dispensaries, (2) more than three craft growers, and (3) a craft grower and cultivation center simultaneously. Principal Officer includes a cannabis business establishment applicant or licensed cannabis business establishment’s board member, owner with more than 1% interest of the total cannabis business establishment or more than 5% interest of the total cannabis business establishment of a publicly traded company, president, vice president, secretary, treasurer, partner, officer, member, manager member, or person with a profit sharing, financial interest, or revenue sharing arrangement.

 

All cultivation, infusing, and transporter establishments must register with the IDOA. All dispensaries must register with the IDFPR. If applications contain all required information, establishments are issued a marijuana establishment registration certificate. Registration certificates are valid for a period of one year and are subject to annual renewals after required fees are paid and the business remains in good standing. Pursuant to Illinois law, registration renewal applications must be received 45 days prior to expiration and may be denied if the license has a history of non-compliance and penalties.

 

The cultivation and craft grower licenses permit a licensee to acquire, possess, cultivate, manufacture and process cannabis into edible products and cannabis-infused products. Cultivators and craft growers can transfer, have tested, supply or sell cannabis and cannabis products and related supplies to licensed dispensaries, craft growers, and infusers. Craft growers can cultivate a flowering stage canopy of up to 14,000 sq. ft. Infusing licenses permit a licensee to acquire and possess distillate from a licensed cultivator or craft grower and to manufacture edible and cannabis-infused products. Infusers can transfer, have tested, supply or sell cannabis and cannabis products to dispensaries. The transporter license permits a licensee to transport cannabis and cannabis products to and from licensed entities.

 

The retail dispensary license permits us to purchase cannabis and manufactured cannabis products from licensed cultivation centers, craft growers, and infusing organizations and to sell such products to adult consumers (21 years old or older).

 

There are significant risks associated with the business of the Company, as described above and in Section 17 – Risk Factors of the Company’s Listing Statement as filed on www.sedarplus.ca. Readers are strongly encouraged to carefully read all of the risk factors contained in Section 17 – Risk Factors of the Company’s Listing Statement.

 

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INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE CONTROLS

 

Management, including the President and CEO and the CFO, is responsible for designing, establishing, and maintaining a system of ICFR to provide reasonable assurance that all information prepared by the Company for external purposes is reliable and timely. Internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately reflect the transactions of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Due to its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting and disclosure may not prevent or detect all misstatements.

 

The CEO and CFO have evaluated whether there were changes to the ICFR during the two months ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the ICFR. As a result, no such significant changes were identified through their evaluation.

 

There have been no material changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the two months ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.

 

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