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3. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation – The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete audited consolidated financial statement s. The accompanying unaudited financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, as of and for the year ended May 31, 2018, included in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. The information furnished in this report reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for each period presented. The results of operations for the nine months ended February 28, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending May 31, 2019 or for any future period.

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Chineseinvestors.com Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”). The Company’s subsidiaries include 100% of ChineseHempOil.com Inc., XiBiDi Biotechnology Co, Ltd., Hemp Logic, Inc., CIIX Online, Inc., NewCoins168.com Digital Media Technology Ltd. (Shanghai). Bitcoin Trading Academy LLC and CIIX Online Ltd.

 

Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

The financial statements include some amounts that are based on management's best estimates and judgments. The most significant estimates relate to depreciation and useful lives, and contingencies. These estimates may be adjusted as more current information becomes available, and any adjustment could be significant.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements:

 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

On June 1, 2018, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, with regard to FASB ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and have revised certain related accounting policies in connection with revenue recognition and deferred costs, as follows:

 

The Company’s revenue was mainly derived from four sources:

 

1.Investor-relations service income

 

Investor-relations service income is earned by the Company in return for delivering current, publicly available information related to our clients.

 

  a. Identify contracts with clients. The Company enters into service agreements with clients. The Company always discloses the nature of the contract including the contact price.

 

  b. Identify performance obligations in the contract. Many of our investor-relations service contracts contain multiple performance obligations, including presentation of clients’ information on Chinesefn.com, translation of client all materials to be released, and monthly presentation in the newsletter the Company sends to its registered members. We account for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment.

 

  c. Determine the transaction price. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation. We typically have more than one standalone selling price for individual products and services due to the stratification of those products and services by customers and circumstances. In these instances, we determine the standalone selling price based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration contract term, industry relevance and other factors. Fees are fixed based on rates specified in the service provided agreements, which do not provide for any refunds or adjustments. In determining the transaction price, the effects of the time value of money is not accounted as the normal term of our service provider agreements are one year or less.

 

  d. The service contract amount is valued based upon the fair market value of the clients’ stock closing price at the contract date multiplied by the numbers of shares earned when the service is paid by clients’ common stocks other than cash. For the performance obligations, such as the availability of our clients’ information in our website, the revenue is recognized over the term of the services period while the services are being provided,

 

  e. For the performance obligations will be surrendered at a point of time, the revenue is recognized after the service is provided. In addition, the Company is applying the definition of readily determinable fair value presented at Accounting Standards Codification 820-10-15-5 in assessing the amount to recognize in each accounting period.

 

There is no significant adjustment from the implementation of ASU 2014-09.

 

  2. Subscription income is recognized over the term of the subscription membership. Subscription fees for our registered members are charged on a per-month basis. Our customers do not have rights to the underlying software code of our solutions, and accordingly, we recognize subscription revenue over time on a straight-line basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. Subscription terms are generally between one to three years but can occasionally be as short as one month or as long as 60 months. Long term deferred revenues are recognized from subscriptions over twelve months.

 

  3. The Company recognizes revenue of product sales of hemp-related products and liquor distribution upon transfer of title to the customer. Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of contract. Shipping documents and terms and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery, or to satisfy the performance obligation. The Company determines and allocates the transaction price based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. The Company has no product returns or sales discounts and allowances because goods delivered and accepted by customers are normally not returnable.

 

  4. Other revenues include various fee-based income earned through banner advertisements, webpage hosting and maintenance, on-line promotion and translation services, advertising and promotion fees on the Company’s website, sponsorship fees from investment seminars, road shows, forums on the Company’s website, and referral fees from cryptocurrency referrals. The sales prices of these services are fixed and determinable at the time the contracts are signed and there are no provisions for refunds contained in these contracts. These revenues are recognized when all significant performance obligations have been satisfied and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured.

 

The Company recognized revenue pursuant to revenue recognition principles presented in SAB Topic 13 prior to May 31, 2018. First, persuasive evidence of an arrangement. Second, delivery has occurred, or services have been rendered. Third the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable. And last collectability is reasonably assured. We adopted ASU 2014-09, or ASC 606, on June 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. The guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

 

Financial Instruments – Recognition and Measurement

 

Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities- In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 amending various aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. The changes mainly relate to the requirement to measure equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries, other than those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. However, this ASU permits entities to elect to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. This ASU is effective for the Company as of June 1, 2018.

 

As a result of the adoption of this ASU, the Company reclassified $486,789 in the net unrealized losses, net of tax, on equity securities previously classified as available-for-sale, from accumulated other comprehensive loss to accumulated deficit. In addition, changes in value due to the revaluation of equity securities are recorded in unrealized gain on equity securities, net in the consolidated statement of comprehensive (loss) and income.

 

The equity investment without readily determinable fair value held by the Company is the long-term investment at Breakwater MB, LLC. The Company elects to measure the equity investment using measurement alternative and records the investment at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from qualifying observable prices changes. In addition, the existing impairment model has been replaced with a new one-step qualitative impairment model. No initial adoption adjustment was recorded for these instruments since the guidance is required to be applied prospectively for securities measured using the measurement alternative. There is no adjustment to the cost of the equity investment in Breakwater MB, LLC for the nine months ended February 28, 2019 as no impairment indicator observed by management.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents – The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. There were no cash equivalents as of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts Receivable, Net – The Company extends unsecured credit to its customers in the ordinary course of business. Accounts receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances net of allowances for uncollectible accounts. The Company provides for allowances for uncollectible receivables based on management’s estimate of uncollectible amounts considering age, collection history, and any other factors considered appropriate. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts when a balance is determined to be uncollectible.

 

As of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018, the Company determined that an allowance was not needed.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Concentration of Credit Risk – The Company maintains cash at banks in the United States and People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Should any bank holding cash become insolvent, or if the Company is otherwise unable to withdraw funds, the Company would lose the cash deposited with that bank; however, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts. In the PRC, a depositor has up to RMB 500,000 insured by the People’s Bank of China Financial Stability Bureau (“FSD”), whereas the standard insurance amount is $250,000 per depositor in a bank insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) in the United States. As of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018, the Company had $306,429 and $780,726 cash balances uninsured, respectively.

Major customers and vendors

Major customers and vendors- For the nine-month period ended February 28, 2019, two customers accounted for 26% of total service revenue of the Company with no accounts receivable outstanding as of February 28, 2019. One customer accounted for 34% of the total service revenue of the Company for the nine months ended February 28, 2018 without accounts receivable outstanding as of February 28, 2018.

 

There was no vendor concentration for the Company as of and for the nine months period ended February 28, 2019 and February 28, 2018.

 

The Company has operations in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy.

Marketable equity Securities

Marketable equity securities – Marketable equity securities is comprised of publicly traded stocks received in return for providing investor relations services to the Company’s cleints. The service terms range from one month to a year. The Company considers the securities to be liquid and convertible to cash in under a year. The Company has the ability and intent to liquidate any security that the Company holds to fund operations over the next twelve months, if necessary, and as such has classified all of its marketable securities as short-term.

 

In accordance with the provisions of topic 820-10-15-5, which states that an equity security has a readily determinable fair value if it meets the condition of having a “sales prices or bid-and-asked quotations which are currently available on a securities exchange registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or in the over-the-counter market, provided that those prices or quotations for the over-the-counter market are publicly reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation systems or by the OTC Markets Group Ins. Restricted stock meets that definition if the restriction terminates within one year.” These shares were classified as marketable securities in accordance with ASC 320-10-25-1 as the Companies intention is to sell them in the near-term (less than one year). In compliance with ASC 320-10-35-1, equity securities that have readily determinable fair values that are classified as marketable securities shall be measured subsequently at fair value in the statement of financial position. The Company has adopted ASU 2016-01 from June 1, 2018, and as a result, unrealized holding gains and losses for marketable equity securities (including those classified as current assets) shall be reported as unrealized gain (loss) in the consolidated statement of operation and comprehensive income (loss) under loss before income taxes.

 

As these shares will be earned over the term of the contracts, the Company will defer the recognition of the earnings of the revenue over the period the services are performed. The value recorded will be determined by multiplying the average of the closing price on the last day of the month for the period being reported based on closing market price per share.

Inventories

Inventories – Inventories include hemp-related finished products and liquor, stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the weighted average cost method. Management reviews inventories for obsolescence and cost in excess of net realizable value at least annually and records a reserve against the inventory and additional cost of goods sold when the carrying value exceeds net realizable value. There was no reserve needed for inventory obsolescence and slow-moving as of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018.

Equity Method Investment

Equity Method Investment – Under equity method, the Company records its proportionate share of the investee’s profit or loss based on the specified profit and loss percentage. Distributions received from equity method investees are accounted for as returns on investment and classified as cash inflows from operating activities, unless the Company’s cumulative distributions received less distributions received in prior periods that were determined to be returns of investment exceed cumulative equity in earnings recognized by the Company. When such an excess occurs, the current year distribution up to this excess would be considered a return of investment and classified as cash inflows from investing activities.

 

In September 2017, the Company entered a letter of intent to invest $60,000 (44.45% of ownership) to jointly operate Beijing New Sino-North America Financial Information Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries (“Sino-U.S. Finance”) with three Chinese individuals to operate a mobile application under the name of “Sino-U.S. Finance” slated to provide a platform of information and analysis for Chinese-speaking investors in the PRC and US.

 

The Company started to account the investment under equity method in the year ended May 31, 2018 and the proportional operation losses picked up for the year ended of May 31, 2018 was $93,562, higher than the $60,000 investment amount. According to ASC 323-10-35-19, if the carrying amount of the investment is reduced to zero, and there are no other investments in the investee, the equity method normally is discounted, and investee losses are no longer reported on the income statement. Thus, the Company recorded $60,000 investment loss for Sino-U.S. Finance for the year ended May 31, 2018 and with $0 balance under long-term investment as of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and Equipment, net – Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives ranging from three to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease.

 

Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses from retirement or replacement are included in operations.

 

Depreciation on equipment is provided on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives at the following annual rates.

 

Computer equipment  3 years
Furniture & fixtures  3 years
Leasehold improvements  Term of the lease
Website Development, Net

Website Development, Net – The Company accounts for its development costs in accordance with ASC 350-50, “Accounting for Website Development Costs.” The Company’s website comprises multiple features and offerings that are currently developed with ongoing refinements. In connection with the development of its products, the Company has incurred external costs for hardware, software, and consulting services, and internal costs for payroll and related expenses of its technology employees directly involved in the development. All hardware costs are capitalized as fixed assets. Purchased software costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-50-25 related to accounting for the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. All other costs are reviewed to determine whether they should be capitalized or expensed.

Impairment of Long-life Assets

Impairment of Long-life Assets – In accordance with ASC 360, the Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the asset. There was no impairment for the periods ended February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018.

Deferred revenue

Deferred Revenue – The Company receives payment for subscription revenues in advance before the subscription service is granted. The Company recognizes the revenue as being earned as the services are delivered. The amount paid for which services have not yet been delivered related to subscription revenues is recorded as a liability in the current or long-term portion of the liabilities section of the balance sheet.

 

The Company also receives shares of stocks and warrants as means of payments for IR services provided. The fair market value of the stocks and warrants on the contract date are amortized and recognized as IR revenue over term of the contracts. When these services are prepaid by clients, the amount of the prepayment is initially recorded as an asset with an offsetting unearned revenue liability.

 

As of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018, the deferred revenue compromised as following:

  

    February 28,
2019
    May 31,
2018
 
Deferred subscriptions   $ 610,493     $ 587,194  
Unearned IR revenues     269,536       315,238  
Total     880,029       902,432  
Current     (746,811 )     (787,557 )
Noncurrent   $ 133,218     $ 114,875  

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – Fair value accounting establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about fair value measurements. Fair value, which is defined as an exit price or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. This framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels as follows:

 

  · Level one – Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

 

  · Level two – Inputs other than level one inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and

 

  · Level three – Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions, which are developed by the reporting entity and reflect those assumptions that a market participant would use.

 

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, marketable equity securities, accounts receivable, due from related party, other current assets, accounts payable, and short-term notes approximates fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments and the fair values close to its carrying value for the non-current deferred revenue.

 

The following table summarizes the fair value and carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments as of February 28, 2019:

  

    Fair Value     Carrying  
    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Value  
Assets -                        
Cash and cash equivalent   $ 2,287,965     $     $     $ 2,287,965  
Marketable equity securities     927,443                   927,443  
Cryptocurrency     47,027                   47,027  
Liability -                                
Short-term notes   $     $ 4,311,114     $     $ 3,944,563  

 

The following table summarizes the fair value and carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments as of May 31, 2018:

 

   Fair Value   Carrying
   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Value
Assets -            
Cash and cash equivalent       $1,390,258   $   $   $1,390,258
Marketable equity securities        1,230,754           1,230,754
Cryptocurrency        31,479           31,479
Liability -                    
Short-term notes       $   $998,192   $   $1,058,084

 

Short-term notes – The fair value of such notes payable had been determined based on 10% and 6% annual interest rates and the proximity to the issuance date as of February 28, 2019 and May 31, 2018, respectively.

 

The Company uses Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy to measure the fair value of digital currencies and revalues its digital currencies at every reporting period and recognizes gains or losses in the consolidated statements of operations that are attributable to the change in the fair value of the cryptocurrencies.

Other revenue

Other Revenue – Other revenue is comprised of revenue related to Forex service fees, referral fees and other miscellaneous service revenues generated which are recognized over the term the services are to be provided. For the three-month periods ended February 28, 2019 and 2018 details as below:

 

   February 28,
2019
   February 28,
2018
 
Misc. service revenues  $6,620   $ 
Bitcoin trading class revenues        
Referral fees       201,986 
Total  $6,620   $201,986 

 

For the nine-month periods ended February 28, 2019 and 2018 details as below:

 

   February 28,
2019
   February 28,
2018
 
Misc. service revenues  $64,549   $4,755 
Bitcoin trading class revenues   32,898     
Referral fees       201,986 
Total  $97,447   $206,741 

 

Costs of Services/Products Sold

Costs of Services/Products Sold – Costs of services provided are the total direct cost of the Company’s operations in Shanghai and the US. Cost of products sold includes cost of inventory sold during the period, net of discounts and inventory allowances, freight and shipping costs, warranty and rework costs.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes – Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method of ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for net operating loss and other credit carry forwards and the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the tax effect of transactions are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the statements of operations in the year that includes the enactment date.

 

Deferred tax assets are reduced by a full valuation allowance since it is more likely than not that the amount will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent based on the classification of the underlying asset or liability giving rise to the temporary difference or the expected date of utilization of the carry forwards.

 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) passed that significantly reforms the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). The TCJA, among other things, contains significant changes to corporate taxation, including reduction of the corporate tax rate from a top marginal rate of 35% to a flat rate of 21%, effective as of January 1, 2018; limitation of the tax deduction for interest expense; limitation of the deduction for net operating losses to 80% of current year taxable income and elimination of net operating loss carrybacks, in each case, for losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 (though any such tax losses may be carried forward indefinitely); and repeal of the federal corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”).

 

In connection with the analysis of the impact of the TCJA, the Company determined that it does not have any impact on the financial statements.

 

The Company considers the earnings of the non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States on the basis of estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs.

Advertising Costs

Advertising Costs – Advertising costs are expensed when incurred.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (Loss) Per Share – Earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The Company has adopted ASC 260 “Earnings Per Share”. Fully diluted loss per share are not calculated and presented on the financial statements as the calculation would be antidilutive.

Stock Based Compensation

Stock Based Compensation – The Company accounts for share-based payments pursuant to ASC 718, “Stock Compensation” and, accordingly, the Company records compensation expense for share-based awards based upon an assessment of the grant date fair value for stock options and restricted stock awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

 

Stock compensation expense for stock options is recognized over the vesting period of the award or expensed immediately under ASC 718 when stock or options are awarded for previous or current service without further recourse.

 

We periodically issue shares of our common stock to non-employees in non-capital raising transactions for fees and services. We account for stock issued to non-employees in accordance with ASC 505-50, Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees, whereas the value of the stock compensation is based upon the measurement date as determined at either (a) the date at which a performance commitment is reached, or (b) at the date at which the necessary performance to earn the equity instruments is complete.

Preferred Stock Beneficial Convertible Feature

Preferred Stock Beneficial Convertible Feature – Upon issuance of preferred stock convertible in shares of common stock at a price lower than the fair market value of common stock on the date of issuance, in accordance with the guidance provided in ASC 505-10-50, we have recorded the intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”).

 

According to ASC 470-20-30-6 intrinsic value shall be calculated at the commitment date as the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock or other securities into which the security is convertible, multiplied by the number of shares into which the security is convertible. In according to ASC 470-20-30-8, if the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature is greater than the proceeds allocated to the convertible instrument, the amount of the discount assigned to the beneficial conversion feature shall be limited to the amount of the proceeds allocated to the convertible instrument. Since all the preferred stocks have been issued on different dates, we calculate the intrinsic value for each individual preferred stock issuance based on stock issuance date. If the intrinsic value exceeds actual proceeds we received, actual proceeds will be BCF, otherwise, the intrinsic value is the BCF.

Foreign Currency

Foreign Currency – The Company has operations in the PRC as a representative office in the PRC, the functional and reporting currency is in U.S. dollars.

 

The functional currency of the two subsidiaries operated in PRC, CBD Biotech and Newcoins168, is the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). The functional currency of the subsidiary operated in Canada, CIIX Online Ltd. is the Canadian Dollar (“CAD”). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Shareholders’ contribution is translated at historical rate. Income and expenditures are translated at the average exchange rate of the period. The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign currency exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US dollar at the rates used in translation.

 

The exchange rates used were as follows:

 

February 28, 2019   
Spot rate  RMB 6.69 to US $1.00
Average rate for the three months ended February 28, 2019  RMB 6.85 to US $1.00
Average rate for the nine months ended February 28, 2019  RMB 6.81 to US $1.00
    
Spot rate  CAD 1.32 to US $1.00
Average rate for the three months ended February 28, 2019  CAD 1.32 to US $1.00
Average rate for the nine months ended February 28, 2019  CAD 1.32 to US $1.00
    
May 31, 2018   
Spot rate  RMB 6.32 to US $1.00
Average rate for the three months ended February 28, 2018  RMB 6.40 to US $1.00
Average rate for the nine months ended February 28, 2018  RMB 6.58 to US $1.00
New Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Pronouncements – Upon issuance of final pronouncements, we review the new accounting literature to determine its relevance, if any, to our business. The Company is in the progress of evaluating the following accounting updates: 

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either operating or financing, with such classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, for public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact will have on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

 

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, Effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the impact will have on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. Effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted upon issuance of this Update. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of this Update and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact will have on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

 

Except for the above-mentioned pronouncements, there are no new recent issued accounting standards that will have material impact on the unaudited condensed consolidated financial position, statements of operations and cash flows.