<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0306</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2014-06-06</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001456772</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Government Properties Income Trust</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>NYSE: GOV</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001241559</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>PORTNOY BARRY M</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>C/O REIT MANAGEMENT &amp; RESEARCH LLC</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>TWO NEWTON PL., 255 WASH. ST., STE. 300</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>NEWTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>MA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>02458</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>1</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>0</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Shares of Beneficial Interest</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2014-06-06</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>J</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>1879.35</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>25.23</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>A</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>8974.9</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See footnote</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Shares of Beneficial Interest</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>50314.16</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeHolding>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Owned by Reit Management &amp; Research LLC (&quot;RMR&quot;), of which Reit Management &amp; Research Trust (&quot;RMR Trust&quot;) is the sole member.  Mr. Portnoy is the Chairman and a director of RMR, and the Chairman, majority beneficial owner and a trustee of RMR Trust.  These shares were issued as a portion of the management fee paid by the Issuer to RMR pursuant to a business management agreement between the Issuer and RMR (the &quot;Management Agreement&quot;).</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, the per share price amount listed above is the average of the closing prices of the Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange for each trading day during the month of May 2014.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">Includes 809.672 shares acquired under the Government Properties Income Trust Dividend Reinvestment Plan since the last Section 16 filing by Mr. Portnoy.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Barry M. Portnoy</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2014-06-06</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
