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Business Combinations
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Business Combinations Business Combinations
Acquisitions Completed During 2020
Acquisition of Nova Cold
The Company completed the acquisition of privately-held Nova Cold on January 2, 2020 for total cash consideration of approximately C$338.7 million, including cash received of C$1.3 million, or $260.6 million USD including cash received of $1.0 million based upon the exchange rate between the CAD and USD on the closing date of the transaction. The acquisition accounting related to the consideration transferred primarily included $34.8 million of land, $106.1 million of buildings and improvements, $30.6 million of machinery and equipment, $64.6 million of goodwill, $53.9 million of a customer relationship intangible asset and $33.0 million of deferred tax liabilities, all of which are allocated to the Warehouse segment. The customer relationship asset has been assigned a useful life of 25 years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to the strategic benefits of the acquisition including the expanded presence in the Canada market and leveraging integration experience to drive synergies. The Nova Cold acquisition was completed through the acquisition of stock in Canada; as a result, no tax basis in goodwill exists for Canadian tax purposes. Deferred taxes may not be recorded for deductible goodwill unless the tax basis exceeds the book basis; therefore, the Company recorded no deferred taxes for tax deductible goodwill for Canadian tax purposes. Deductible goodwill exists for U.S. federal income tax purposes and will be available to reduce taxable income at the REIT, including any Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) inclusion associated with the foreign TRS acquired. The acquisition accounting was finalized within one year from the date of acquisition and is reflected within the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020. We have included the financial results of the acquired operations in our Warehouse segment since the date of the acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded a measurement period adjustment of $9.0 million as a reduction to its opening deferred tax liability of $42.0 million originally recorded related to basis differences in fixed assets and net operating loss carryforwards. The adjustments recorded during the measurement period did not have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Acquisition of Newport
The Company completed the acquisition of privately-held Newport on January 2, 2020 for total cash consideration of $57.7 million, including cash received of $1.0 million. The acquisition accounting related to the consideration transferred primarily included $30.2 million of property, buildings and equipment, $18.7 million of a customer relationship asset and $7.1 million of goodwill, each of which are allocated to the Warehouse segment. The customer relationship intangible asset has been assigned a useful life of 25 years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to the strategic benefits of the acquisition including the expanded presence in the Minneapolis-St. Paul market and leveraging integration experience to drive synergies. The Newport acquisition was completed through the acquisition of all of the membership interests of certain limited liability companies; the acquisition of all the membership interests allowed a portion of the goodwill recorded to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. Deferred taxes may not be recorded for deductible goodwill unless the tax basis exceeds the book basis; therefore, the Company recorded no deferred taxes for tax deductible goodwill as a result. Deductible goodwill will be available to reduce taxable income at both the REIT and its domestic TRS. The acquisition accounting was finalized within one year from the date of acquisition. We have included the financial results of the acquired operations in our Warehouse segment since the date of the acquisition. The adjustments recorded during the measurement period did not have a significant impact
on our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Acquisition of AM-C Warehouses
The Company completed the acquisition of privately-held AM-C Warehouses on August 31, 2020 for total cash consideration of $82.7 million. The preliminary acquisition accounting related to the consideration transferred primarily included $53.2 million of property, buildings and equipment, $19.7 million of a customer relationship asset and $10.4 million of goodwill, each of which are allocated to the Warehouse segment. The customer relationship intangible asset has been preliminarily assigned a useful life of 25 years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to the strategic benefits of the acquisition including the expanded presence in the Dallas - Fort Worth market. The AM-C acquisition was completed through the acquisition of substantially all of the assets from the seller and the acquisition allowed goodwill recorded to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. Deferred taxes may not be recorded for deductible goodwill unless the tax basis exceeds the book basis; therefore, the Company recorded no deferred taxes for tax deductible goodwill as a result. Deductible goodwill will be available to reduce taxable income at both the REIT and its domestic TRS. As the valuation of certain assets and liabilities for purposes of purchase price allocations are preliminary in nature, they are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances regarding these assets and liabilities that existed at the acquisition date. Any adjustments to our estimates of acquisition accounting will be made in the periods in which the adjustments are determined and the cumulative effect of such adjustments will be calculated as if the adjustments had been completed as of the acquisition date. The preliminary acquisition accounting will be finalized within one year from the date of acquisition. We have included the financial results of the acquired operations in our Warehouse segment since the date of the acquisition. The adjustments recorded during the measurement period did not have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Acquisition of Hall’s Warehouses
The Company completed the acquisition of Hall’s Warehouses on November 2, 2020 for total cash consideration of $489.2 million, including cash received of $7.9 million. A summary of the preliminary fair values of the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed is as follows (in thousands):
Preliminary Amounts Recognized as of the
Acquisition Date
Assets
Land$29,352 
Buildings and improvements239,708 
Machinery and equipment63,596 
Operating lease right-of-use assets26,400 
Cash and cash equivalents7,894 
Accounts receivable11,894 
Goodwill42,737 
Acquired identifiable intangibles:
Customer relationships102,732 
Other assets303 
Total assets524,616 
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses4,006 
Operating lease obligations26,400 
Deferred tax liability5,012 
Total liabilities35,418 
Total consideration for the Hall’s acquisition$489,198 
The preliminary acquisition accounting is based upon the Company’s estimates of fair value. The estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the related preliminary acquisition accounting are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including the books and records of Hall’s. Our estimates and assumptions are subject to change during the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the acquisition date. The primary areas of the preliminary acquisition accounting that are not yet finalized relate to the following: (i) finalizing the review and valuation of land, land improvements, building and machinery and equipment (including the models, key assumptions, estimates and inputs used) and assignment of remaining useful lives associated with the depreciable assets, (ii) finalizing the review and valuation of customer related intangible assets (including key assumptions, inputs and estimates), (iii) finalizing the valuation of certain in-place contracts or contractual relationships (including but not limited to leases), including determining the appropriate amortization period, (iv) finalizing our review of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed, (v) finalizing the evaluation and valuation of certain legal matters and/or other loss contingencies, including those that we may not yet be aware of but meet the requirement to quality as a pre-acquisition contingency, and (vi) finalizing our estimate of the impact of acquisition accounting on deferred income taxes or liabilities. As the initial acquisition accounting is based on our preliminary assessments, actual values may differ (possibly materially) when final information becomes available that differs from our current estimates. Additionally, the total consideration transferred is subject to certain post-close adjustments. We believe that the information gathered to date provides a reasonable basis for estimating the preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We will continue to evaluate these items until they are satisfactorily resolved and adjust our acquisition accounting accordingly, within the allowable measurement period (not to
exceed one year from the date of acquisition), as defined by ASC 805.
The customer relationship intangible asset has been preliminarily assigned a preliminary useful life of 25 years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to the strategic benefits of the acquisition including the expanded presence in the New Jersey market. We have included the financial results of the acquired operations in our Warehouse and Transportation segments since the date of the acquisition. This transaction will allow us to grow our market share with key customers while diversifying our overall customer base. All of the acquired facilities are located within 15 miles of each other and 30 miles of Newark Port. The Hall’s acquisition was completed through the acquisition of the outstanding stock of certain Hall’s entities and the direct purchase of real estate assets from the sellers. The acquisition allowed a portion of the goodwill recorded to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. Deductible goodwill will be available to reduce taxable income at both the REIT and potentially the domestic TRS.
Acquisition of Agro

The Company completed the acquisition of Agro on December 30, 2020 for total consideration of $1.59 billion, including cash received of $47.5 million. This was comprised of cash consideration totaling $1.08 billion, of which $49.7 million was deferred, and the issuance of 14,166,667 common shares of beneficial interest to Oaktree, with a fair value of $512.1 million based upon the closing share price on December 29, 2020 of $36.15. Financing lease and sale-leaseback obligations associated with the acquisition totaled $119.9 million, as indicated in the table below, and when added to the total consideration transferred brings the total transaction cost to approximately $1.7 billion. A summary of the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities
assumed is as follows (in thousands):
Preliminary Amounts Recognized as of the
Acquisition Date
Assets
Land$95,286 
Buildings and improvements778,170 
Machinery and equipment206,453 
Operating lease right-of-use assets191,229 
Financing lease asset46,845 
Cash and cash equivalents47,534 
Accounts receivable78,423 
Goodwill346,673 
Acquired identifiable intangibles:
Customer relationships333,501 
Investment in partially owned entities21,638 
Other assets20,038 
Total assets2,165,790 
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses90,860 
Operating lease obligations191,229 
Financing lease obligations46,845 
Sale-leaseback obligations73,075 
Deferred tax liability175,719 
Total liabilities577,728 
Total consideration for the Agro acquisition$1,588,062 
The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the related preliminary acquisition accounting are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including information from prior valuations of similar entities and the books and records of Agro. Our estimates and assumptions are subject to change during the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the acquisition date. The primary areas of the acquisition accounting that are not yet finalized relate to the following: (i) finalizing the review and valuation of land, land improvements, building and machinery and equipment (including the models, key assumptions, estimates and inputs used) and assignment of remaining useful lives associated with the depreciable assets, (ii) finalizing the review and valuation of customer related intangible assets (including key assumptions, inputs and estimates), (iii) finalizing our review of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed, (iv) finalizing the valuation of certain in-place contracts or contractual relationships (including but not limited to leases), including determining the appropriate amortization period, (v) finalizing the evaluation and valuation of certain legal matters and/or other loss contingencies, including those that we may not yet be aware of but meet the requirement to quality as a pre-acquisition contingency, and (vi) finalizing our estimate of the impact of acquisition accounting on deferred income taxes or liabilities. To the extent possible, estimates or amounts recorded in Agro’s books have been considered and recorded, as appropriate, for the items above based on the information available as of December 31, 2020. As the initial acquisition accounting is based on our preliminary assessments, actual values may differ (possibly materially) when final information becomes available. We believe that the information gathered to date provides a reasonable basis for estimating the preliminary fair values of
assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We will continue to evaluate these items until they are satisfactorily resolved and adjust our acquisition accounting accordingly, within the allowable measurement period (not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition), as defined by ASC 805.

As shown above, the Company recorded approximately $346.7 million of goodwill related to the Agro Acquisition. There are several strategic benefits of the acquisition. It allows the Company to establish a strategic footprint in Europe, which enhances its ability to serve their multinational customers on a global scale. It also adds depth to the existing networks in North America, Australia and South America. Additionally, the portfolio comes with significant growth opportunities through potential future acquisitions, given Europe's fragmented temperature controlled storage industry. These factors contributed to the goodwill that was recorded upon consummation of the transaction. The Agro Acquisition was completed through the acquisition of stock of various Agro entities in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions; as a result, no tax basis exists in each of these jurisdictions for tax purposes, except for minimal tax basis that existed prior to the acquisition. Goodwill for the Agro Acquisition has not yet been assigned to reporting units as of December 31, 2020 given the short period of time between the acquisition date, December 30, 2020, and year-end; however, we expect that the goodwill will be assigned to the Warehouse and Transportation segments during the measurement period. The Company’s deemed asset elections for the foreign operations under IRC section 338 will reduce the US income taxability of future foreign profits under the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) regime.

Also shown above, in connection with the Agro Acquisition the Company recorded an intangible asset of approximately $333.5 million for customer relationships which has been assigned a preliminary useful life of 25 years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. Based on the discussion under goodwill above, the Agro Acquisition resulted in federal income tax deductibility for a minimal portion of the intangible assets. The deductible intangible assets will be available to reduce taxable income for the REIT and reduce any GILTI inclusion in the US associated with foreign entities acquired.
Acquisitions Completed During 2019
Acquisition of Cloverleaf
The Company completed the acquisition of privately-held Cloverleaf on May 1, 2019. A summary of the final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for total cash consideration of $1.24 billion, as well as adjustments made during the measurement period, is as follows (in thousands):
Amounts Recognized as of the
Acquisition Date
Measurement Period Adjustments (1)
Final Amounts Recognized as of the Acquisition Date (as Adjusted)(2)
Assets
Land$59,363 $1,131 $60,494 
Buildings and improvements687,821 (19,670)668,151 
Machinery and equipment144,825 822 145,647 
Assets under construction20,968 (3,994)16,974 
Operating lease right-of-use assets1,254 — 1,254 
Cash and cash equivalents4,332 — 4,332 
Restricted cash— 526 526 
Accounts receivable21,358 220 21,578 
Goodwill107,643 18,453 126,096 
Acquired identifiable intangibles:
Customer relationships241,738 8,608 250,346 
Trade names and trademarks1,623 — 1,623 
Other assets18,720 (11,668)7,052 
Total assets1,309,645 (5,572)1,304,073 
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses30,905 12,598 43,503 
Notes payable17,179 (13,301)3,878 
Operating lease obligations1,254 — 1,254 
Unearned revenue3,536 — 3,536 
Pension and postretirement benefits2,020 (2,020)— 
Deferred tax liability9,063 (39)9,024 
Total liabilities63,957 (2,762)61,195 
Total consideration for Cloverleaf acquisition$1,245,688 $(2,810)$1,242,878 
(1) The adjustments recorded during the measurement period did not have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2020. The measurement period ended one year after the Cloverleaf Acquisition, on April 30, 2020.
(2) The measurement period adjustments were primarily due to refinements to third party appraisals and refinements in carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities, as well as adjustments to certain tax accounts based on, among other things, adjustments to deferred tax liabilities. The net impact of the measurement period adjustments results in a net increase to goodwill.
All adjustments recorded during the measurement period were not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The final purchase price allocation is presented within the table above.
As shown above, the Company recorded approximately $126.1 million of goodwill related to the Cloverleaf Acquisition. The strategic benefits of the acquisition include the Company’s ability to add complementary customers into its network, provide an opportunity for growth in the Central and Southeast markets, deepen existing customer relationships, provide three expansion opportunities that were developed in 2020, and leverage integration experience to drive synergies. These factors contributed to the goodwill that was recorded upon
consummation of the transaction. The Cloverleaf acquisition was completed through the acquisition of both stock and partnership units; the acquisition of partnership units allowed a portion of the goodwill recorded as a result of the Cloverleaf Acquisition to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. The goodwill related to the Cloverleaf Acquisition has been substantially assigned to the Warehouse segment, with a de minimis amount assigned to the Transportation segment. Deferred taxes may not be recorded for deductible goodwill unless the tax basis in goodwill exceeds the book basis, and the Company has not recorded any deferred taxes as a result. Deductible goodwill will be available to reduce taxable income for both the REIT and its domestic TRS.
Also shown above, in connection with the Cloverleaf Acquisition the Company recorded an intangible asset of approximately $250.3 million for customer relationships which has been assigned a useful life of 25 years, and approximately $1.6 million for trade names and trademarks which has been assigned a useful life of 1.5 years. These intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their respective useful lives. Based on the discussion under goodwill above, the Cloverleaf Acquisition resulted in federal income tax deductibility for a portion of the intangible assets. The deductible intangible assets will be available to reduce taxable income for both the REIT and its domestic TRS.
Acquisition of Lanier
The Company completed the acquisition of privately-held Lanier on May 1, 2019 for total cash consideration of $82.5 million, inclusive of cash received of $0.6 million. The allocation of consideration primarily included $60.0 million of property, buildings and equipment, $6.4 million of goodwill, and $16.3 million of customer relationship intangible assets. The customer relationship asset has been assigned a useful life of twenty-five years and will be amortized on a straight-line basis. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to the strategic benefits of the acquisition including the increased presence in the north Georgia poultry market and leveraging integration experience to drive synergies. The Lanier acquisition was completed through the acquisition of both stock and partnership units; the acquisition of partnership units allowed a portion of the goodwill recorded to be deductible for federal income tax purposes. Deferred taxes may not be recorded for deductible goodwill unless the tax basis exceeds the book basis, and the Company has not recorded any deferred taxes as a result. Deductible goodwill will be available to reduce taxable income at both the REIT and its domestic TRS. All adjustments recorded subsequent to the acquisition date were not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The final purchase price allocation was completed within one year from the date of acquisition and is reflected within our Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2020. We have included the financial results of the acquired operations in our Warehouse segment since the date of the acquisition.
Pro Forma Consolidated Results (Unaudited)
The following table presents the unaudited pro forma financial results as if the 2020 acquisition of Agro and Cloverleaf had occurred on January 1, 2019. The pro forma adjustments primarily relate to acquisition expenses, depreciation expense on acquired assets, amortization of acquired intangibles, and estimated interest expense related to financing transactions, the proceeds of which were used to fund the acquisitions of Cloverleaf and Agro.
On March 1, 2019, Cloverleaf acquired Zero Mountain, Inc. and Subsidiaries (Zero Mountain). As a result, we have included the results of operations of Zero Mountain in the below pro forma financial information. The pro forma adjustments made include the acquisition expenses incurred in connection with Cloverleaf’s acquisition of Zero Mountain.
The accompanying unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements exclude the results of the AM-C, Halls and Lanier acquisitions, which were deemed immaterial individually and in the aggregate based on quantitative
and qualitative considerations. Additionally, the Company has not presented pro forma combined results of operations for the acquisitions of Nova Cold and Newport, because the results of operations as reported in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations would not have been materially different. These statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not purport to represent what the actual Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Company would have been had the Agro and Cloverleaf acquisitions occurred on the dates assumed, nor are they necessarily indicative of what the results of operations would be for any future periods.
Pro forma (unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
20202019
Total revenue$2,517,351 $2,380,458 
Net income$8,831 $79,671 
Net income per share, diluted(2)
$0.04 $0.33 
(1) Pro forma net income available to common shareholders was adjusted to exclude $22.7 million of acquisition related costs incurred by the Company in connection with the Agro Acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2020, and to include these charges in pro forma net income for the year ended December 31, 2019. Pro forma net income available to common shareholders was adjusted to exclude $36.8 million of acquisition related costs incurred by Agro in connection with the Agro Acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2020. Pro forma net income available to common shareholders was adjusted to exclude $26.6 million of acquisition related costs incurred by the Company in connection with the Cloverleaf Acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2019.
(2)Adjusted to give effect to the issuance of 46.1 million common shares in connection with the Agro Acquisition and 42.1 million common shares in connection with the Cloverleaf Acquisition.
Since the date of acquisition, total revenues of approximately $152.8 million and net income of approximately $9.0 million associated with properties and operations acquired in the Cloverleaf Acquisition are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. The revenues and net income associated with properties and operations acquired in the Agro Acquisition included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was immaterial as the acquisition closed on December 30, 2020.