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INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
    INCOME TAXES
 
The Company’s effective tax rate (“ETR”) differs from the statutory tax rate predominantly due to the favorable impact of tax rulings and agreements in various foreign jurisdictions. The Company and the Dutch tax authorities previously agreed to the appropriate remuneration attributable to Dutch manufacturing activities through the year ending December 31, 2019. In addition, the Company negotiated a tax ruling under which certain profits in Singapore are eligible for favorable taxation through the year ending December 31, 2027.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the ETR was 8.1% and 38.1%, respectively. The 30.0% change in the ETR was driven by the following benefits: (i) 23.3% related to the Company’s Venezuelan subsidiary which incurred a remeasurement loss on its monetary assets and an impairment charge on its long-lived assets in 2016 (both of which provided no tax benefit in 2016), (ii) 10.8% due to higher tax credit recognition associated with the repatriation of foreign earnings, (iii) 7.6% from changes in reserves for uncertain tax positions, and (iv) 1.7% from a series of additional items which are insignificant both individually and in the aggregate. These benefits were offset by a 13.4% impact from unfavorable changes in the Company’s geographic earnings mix.

The Company’s gross reserve for uncertain tax positions including penalties and interest, as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, was $208.3 million and $199.3 million, respectively. The Company believes that it has adequately provided for all uncertain tax positions. The Company is currently under examination by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions in which it operates, including its two largest businesses in the United States and China. It is reasonably possible that new issues may be raised by tax authorities and that these issues may require increases in the balance of the reserve for uncertain tax positions. A reversal of uncertain tax positions up to $50 million, of which approximately $27 million would impact the effective tax rate, is reasonably possible in the next 12 months due to the running of statutes of limitations and settlements with various taxing authorities.