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Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Notes to Financial Statements 
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

2.        SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

(a)  Basis of Preparation

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2011 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 have been stated in US dollars and prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial statements and with instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and Article 8-03 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. In the opinion of our management, we have included all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary in order to make the financial statements not misleading. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 are not indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011. These unaudited financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with our audited annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010 included in our Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2011.

 

(b)  Basis of consolidation

 

These consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “Group'').  All significant inter-company balances and transactions within the Group have been eliminated.

 

(c)  Use of Estimates

 

In preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.  These accounts and estimates include, but are not limited to, the valuation of the amount due from related parties, the net realizable value of inventories, the estimation of useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets, and the value of warrants. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

(d)  Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and amounts due from related parties. The Company places its cash with financial institutions with high-credit ratings and quality. The Company maintains bank accounts in the PRC only. In addition, the Company conducts periodic reviews of the related party financial conditions and payment practices. The Company has not experienced losses related to these concentrations in the past.

  

Approximately 98% of the Company’s revenue is generated from buyers in mainland China.

 

(e)  Concentrations of Suppliers

 

All the Company’s suppliers are located in mainland China.

 

(f)  Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with initial maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

 

(g)  Restricted Cash

 

Deposits that are restricted in use are classified as restricted cash. Such restricted cash is in an escrow account and represents one year of interest on the convertible notes payable. When the notes mature or are converted into stock, the cash in this account will be released from restriction.

 

(h)  Trade and Other Receivables

 

The Company periodically assesses its accounts receivable for collectability on a specific identification basis. If collectability of an account becomes unlikely, an allowance is recorded for that doubtful account. Once collection efforts have been exhausted, the account receivable is written off against the allowance.  The Company does not require collateral for trade or other accounts receivable.

 

 

(i)  Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. The cost of inventories includes the purchase cost and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

 

As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company did not make any provision for slow-moving or defective inventories.

  

(j)  Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents the purchase price of the asset and other costs incurred to bring the asset into its existing use.

 

Depreciation of property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

 

Buildings 15-20 years
Plant and machinery 3-20 years
Motor vehicle 10 years
Office equipment 3-10 years

 

Expenditures for additions, major renewals and betterments are capitalized and expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.

 

Upon sale or disposition, the applicable amounts of asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the net amount less the proceeds from disposal is charged or credited to income.

 

 

(k)  Intangible Asset

 

The intangible asset is a land use right, and it is recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided over the term of the land use right agreement on a straight-line basis.

 

(l)  Impairment of Long-lived Assets

 

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. The Company recognizes impairment of long-lived assets in the event that the net book values of such assets exceed the future undiscounted cash flows attributable to such assets.

 

(m)  Statutory and Discretionary Reserves

 

In accordance with the laws of the PRC, the Company segregates 10% of its net income as statutory surplus reserves to (a) cover any deficit, (b) increase production and (c) increase registered capital. To date, it has segregated $373,406 related to the statutory reserve requirements. Until the Company achieves an additional $708,243 of reserves, it is prohibited from paying dividends.

 

In addition, the Company segregates discretionary reserves, for which there is no specific amount required. These reserves are mainly for company development. To date, the Company has accrued $153,992 in discretionary reserves, but has not spent any of this reserve on Company development.

 

(n)  Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria are met:

 

- Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;
- Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered;

 

- The seller's price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and
- Collectability is reasonably assured.

 

The Company’s revenue is generated through the wholesale and retail sale of livestock feed including organic trace mineral additives, functional regulation additives, herbal medicinal additives and raw materials. Before the Company recognizes revenue on these product sales, written purchase orders and contracts are received in advance of all shipments of goods to customers. For sales within the Company’s own province, delivery is made by Company employees. Such delivery occurs on the same day as shipment. For delivery outside the province, shipment is made through a separate logistics company that assumes the risk of loss. Revenue is recognized upon shipment of goods to the customers. The Company typically does not incur bad debt losses because this type of loss is deducted from the salesperson’s compensation, thereby mitigating the loss to the Company. Therefore, collectability is reasonably assured.

 

Revenue is presented net of sales returns, which are not significant. However, the Company continually performs analyses of returns and records a provision at the time of sale if necessary.  As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, it was determined that potential returns and allowances were not material so the Company did not record a provision for returns. The Company revisits this estimate regularly and adjusts it if conditions change.

 

(o)  Cost of Goods Sold

 

Cost of revenue consists primarily of material cost, labor cost, rent of land allocated to production, overhead associated with the manufacturing process and directly related expenses.

 

(p)  Research and Development Costs

 

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and are included in operating expenses.

 

 

(q)  Value Added Tax

 

Value added tax is recorded into operations on a gross basis, where the value added tax is included as part of the Company’s revenue and there is a corresponding expense for the amount due to the tax authorities. There is $1,926,122 and $0 value added tax included in the Company’s accounts receivable at September 30, 2011 (unaudited) and December 31, 2010, respectively.

 

(r)  Income Taxes

 

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes pursuant to ASC 740, ”Income Tax”.  Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and loss carry forwards and their respective tax bases.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

The Company is not subject to United States income tax. Furthermore, the Company is audited every year by an agency of the Chinese tax authority. Consequently, there are no uncertain tax positions requiring accrual or disclosure in accordance with ASC 740-10, Income Taxes.

 

(s)  Comprehensive Income

 

Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from net income or loss, investments by owners and distributions to owners. The Company’s only component of other comprehensive income is the foreign currency translation adjustment.

 

(t)  Commitments and Contingencies

 

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

 

(u)  Foreign Currency Translation

 

The Company and its subsidiaries maintain financial statements in the functional currency of each entity. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet dates. Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net income for the respective periods.

 

The financial statements of each entity are prepared using the functional currency, and have been translated into United States dollars (“US$” or “$”). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates at the balance sheet dates and revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period.  Stockholders’ equity is translated at historical exchange rates. Any translation adjustments are included as a foreign exchange adjustment in other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity.

 

RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US$ at the rates used in translation.

 

(v)  Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, due to/from related parties, notes payable, other payable and accrued liabilities and income tax payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items. The carrying amounts of long-term borrowings approximate the fair value based on the Company’s expected borrowing rate for debt with similar remaining maturities and comparable risk.

 

Convertible notes are not carried at fair value due to the discounts for warrants and the beneficial conversion feature. As the interest on these notes approximates market interest, the fair value is their face value of $7,670,071.

 

 It is management’s opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, price or credit risks arising from these financial instruments.

 

(w)  Recent Accounting Updates

 

In October 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2009-13 “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements — a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force” that provides amendments to the criteria for separating consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements. As a result of these amendments, multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP. The ASU does this by establishing a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable. The selling price used for each deliverable will be based on vendor-specific objective evidence if available, third-party evidence if vendor-specific objective evidence is not available, or estimated selling price if neither vendor-specific objective evidence nor third-party evidence is available. A vendor will be required to determine its best estimate of selling price in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a standalone basis. This ASU also eliminates the residual method of allocation and will require that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method, which allocates any discount in the overall arrangement proportionally to each deliverable based on its relative selling price. Expanded disclosures of qualitative and quantitative information regarding application of the multiple-deliverable revenue arrangement guidance are also required under the ASU. The ASU does not apply to arrangements for which industry specific allocation and measurement guidance exists, such as long-term construction contracts and software transactions.  The ASU is effective beginning January 1, 2011. The Company adopted this update and it did not have any impact on the financial statements.

 

In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-02 “Accounting and Reporting for Decrease in Ownership of a subsidiary – a Scope Clarification”. The update provides amendments to subtopic 810-10 and related guidance within US GAAP to clarify that the scope of the decrease in ownership provisions of the Subtopic and related guidance applies to three cases. The amendments in this Update also clarify that the decrease in ownership guidance in Subtopic 810-10 does not apply to the sales of in substance real estate and conveyances of oil and gas mineral rights transactions even if they involve businesses. If a decrease in ownership occurs in a subsidiary that is not a business or nonprofit activity, and entity first needs to consider whether the substance of the transaction causing the decrease in ownership in addressed in other U.S.GAAP, such as transfers of financial assets, revenue recognition, exchanges of nonmonetary assets, sales of in substance real estate, or conveyances of oil and gas mineral rights, and apply that guidance as applicable. If no other guidance exists, an entity should apply the guidance in Subtopic 810-10. The amendments in this Update also expand the disclosure about the deconsolidation of a subsidiary or derecognition of a group of assets within the scope of Subtopic 810-10. The Company adopted this Update on January 1, 2010 and there was no impact.

 

In September 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No.167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No.46(R)”, which is codified as ASC 810. ASC 810 amends FASB Interpretation No.46(R), “Variable Interest Entities” for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and requires an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise’s variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in a VIE. Under ASC 810, an enterprise has a controlling financial interest when it has a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. ASC 810 also requires an enterprise to assess whether it has an implicit financial responsibility to ensure that a VIE operates as designed when determining whether it has power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance.

 

ASC 810 also requires ongoing assessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, requires enhanced disclosures and eliminates the scope exclusion for qualifying special-purpose entities. ASC 810 shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, for interim periods within that first annual reporting period, and for interim and annual reporting periods thereafter. Earlier application is prohibited. ASC 810 is effective for the Company and the consolidation of Guangzhou Tanke was in accordance with this new update.