Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations and Continuance of Operations

Predictive Oncology Inc. (“Predictive Oncology”) is a knowledge-driven company focused on applying artificial intelligence (“AI”) to support the development of optimal cancer therapies, which can ultimately lead to more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes. Through AI, Predictive Oncology uses a biobank of 150,000+ cancer tumor samples, categorized by patient type, against drug compounds to help the drug discovery process and increase the probability of success. The company offers a suite of solutions for oncology drug development from early discovery to clinical trials.

The Company operates in three primary business areas: first, along the drug discovery continuum (i) the application of AI for optimized, high-confidence drug-response predictions within a large experimental space that enables a more informed selection of drug/tumor combinations to increase the probability of success during development and (ii) the creation and development of tumor-specific 3D cell culture models; second, contract services and research focused on solubility improvements, stability studies, and protein production, and; third, production of the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”)-cleared STREAMWAY® System for automated fluid waste management, direct-to-drain medical fluid disposal and associated products.

The Company has determined that it will focus its resources on applying AI to support the development of optimal cancer therapies, partnering with biopharma clients to help prioritize drugs for development and identify biomarker-informed indications. Its platform provides a more informed decision tool to select optimal drug/tumor combinations to increase the probability of success during drug development. As a result of this focused approach, the Company has consolidated its brand under the Predictive Oncology name. Going forward, the Company will operate under the Predictive Oncology tradename with laboratory operations in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Birmingham, Alabama. As of January 1, 2023, the Company has changed its reportable segments because of this focused approach.

The Company has three reportable segments that have been delineated by location and specialty: the Pittsburgh segment provides services that include the application of AI using its biobank of 150,000+ cancer tumor samples. Pittsburgh also utilizes 3D culture models in drug development. The Birmingham segment provides services and research using a self-contained, automated system that conducts high-throughput, self-interaction chromatography screens, using additives and excipients commonly included in protein formulations resulting in soluble and physically stable formulations of biologics focused on solubility improvements, stability studies, and protein production. The Eagan (Minnesota) segment consists of the production of the FDA-cleared STREAMWAY System for automated fluid waste management, direct-to-drain medical fluid disposal, and associated products. See Note 11 – Segments.

The Company had cash and cash equivalents of $14,763,745 as of June 30, 2023. As of June 30, 2023, there was no outstanding debt. The Company believes that its existing capital resources will be sufficient to support its operating plan for the twelve months after these financial statements are issued. The Company currently expects to use cash on hand to fund capital and equipment investments, research and development, and its operations, and expects such sources to be sufficient to fund its requirements over that time. However, the Company may also seek to raise additional capital to support its growth through additional debt, equity or other alternatives or a combination thereof. The Company’s projections of future cash needs may differ from actual results. Additionally, the Company may not be able to raise additional capital to support its growth on terms that are acceptable to the Company, if at all, which could lead to a different determination about the sufficiency of existing capital resources to support our operating plans in the future.

Recent Developments

On April 19, 2023, the Company completed a one-for-twenty reverse stock split that was effective for trading purposes on April 24, 2023. All numbers of shares and per-share amounts in this report have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split (“Reverse Split”).

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Macroeconomic Conditions

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) continues to impact the global economy. While there has been significant economic recovery in certain markets, the Company continues to experience some disruption and uncertainty caused by COVID-19, including supply chain disruptions, staffing shortages within the service and healthcare industries and negative impacts on the demand for our products and services. This disruption to the macroeconomic environment has been exacerbated by the general economic and geopolitical uncertainties caused by inflation, rising interest rates, supply chain disruptions, tight labor markets, wage inflation, pricing volatility for certain goods and services, banking and financial sector disruptions, instability and volatility in the global markets, and geopolitical conflict, including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The extent to which COVID-19 and general macroeconomic uncertainty may impact the Company’s financial condition and results of operations remains uncertain and difficult to predict. These factors may remain prevalent for a significant period of time even after the pandemic subsides, including due to a continued or prolonged recession in the U.S. or other major economies. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and other global events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity or financial condition and heighten or exacerbate risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.

Interim Financial Statements

The Company has prepared the condensed consolidated financial statements and related unaudited financial information in the footnotes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim condensed consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals, which in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the Company’s position, the results of its operations, and its cash flows for the interim periods. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all intercompany eliminations. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023. The nature of the Company’s business is such that the results of any interim period may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year.

Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year’s condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, cash flows or stockholders’ equity.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with maturities when purchased of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with financial institutions and believes its risk of loss is limited to amounts in excess of that which is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Receivables

Receivables are reported at the amount the Company expects to collect on balances outstanding. The Company provides for probable uncollectible amounts through charges to earnings and credits to the valuation allowance based on management’s assessment of the status of individual accounts.

Amounts recorded in accounts receivable on the condensed consolidated balance sheet include amounts billed and currently due from customers. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value. An allowance is maintained to provide for the estimated amount of receivables that will not be collected. The Company determines the allowance based on historical experience as well as external business factors expected to impact collectability such as economic factors. The Company reviews customers’ credit history before extending unsecured credit and establishes an allowance based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. Invoices are generally due 30 days after presentation. Accounts receivable over 30 days are generally considered past due. The Company does not accrue interest on past due accounts receivables. Receivables are written off once all collection attempts have failed and are based on individual credit evaluation and specific circumstances of the customer. The allowance for accounts receivable balance was $0 as of both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Fair Value Measurements

As outlined in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurement, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting standards ASC 820 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes information used in developing assumptions when pricing an asset or liability as follows:

Level 1 – Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs where there is little or no market data, which requires the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company uses observable market data, when available, in making fair value measurements. Fair value measurements are classified according to the lowest level input that is significant to the valuation.

The fair value of the Company’s investment securities, which consist of cash and cash equivalents, was determined based on Level 1 inputs. The fair value of the Company’s derivative liabilities were determined based on Level 3 inputs. The Company generally uses the Black Scholes method for determining the fair value of warrants classified as liabilities on a recurring basis. In addition, the Company uses the Monte Carlo method and other acceptable valuation methodologies when valuing the conversion feature and other embedded features classified as derivatives on a recurring basis. See Note 2 – Fair Value Measurements and Note 8 – Derivatives.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out basis.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Estimated useful asset life by classification is as follows: 

	Years
Computers, software, and office equipment		3	-	10
Leasehold improvements (1)			2
Manufacturing tooling		3	-	7
Laboratory equipment		4	-	10
Demo equipment			3

(1) Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the remaining lease term.

Upon retirement or sale of property and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the condensed consolidated balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations expense as incurred.

Long-lived Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets consist of patents and trademarks, licensing fees, developed technology, and customer relationships, and are amortized over their estimated useful life. Accumulated amortization is included in intangibles, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company reviews finite-lived identifiable intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Events or changes in circumstances that indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable include, but are not limited to, a significant change in the medical device marketplace and a significant adverse change in the business climate in which the Company operates.

Goodwill

In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other, goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested on an annual basis for impairment at the reporting unit level as of December 31, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable.

To determine whether goodwill is impaired, annually or more frequently if needed, the Company performs a multi-step impairment test. The Company first has the option to assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. The Company may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and proceed directly to the quantitative testing. When performing quantitative testing, the Company first estimates the fair values of its reporting units using discounted cash flows. To determine fair values, the Company is required to make assumptions about a wide variety of internal and external factors. Significant assumptions used in the impairment analysis include financial projections of free cash flow (including significant assumptions about operations including the rate of future revenue growth, capital requirements, and income taxes), long-term growth rates for determining terminal value and discount rates. Comparative market multiples are used to corroborate the results of the discounted cash flow test. These assumptions require significant judgement. Pursuant to ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, the single step is to determine the estimated fair value of the reporting unit and compare it to the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill. To the extent the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied goodwill, the difference is the amount of the goodwill impairment. The Company also completes a reconciliation between the implied equity valuation prepared and the Company’s market capitalization. The majority of the inputs used in the discounted cash flow model are unobservable and thus are considered to be Level 3 inputs. The inputs for the market capitalization calculation are considered Level 1 inputs. See Note 5 – Intangible Assets.

Leases

At inception of a contract, a determination is made whether an arrangement meets the definition of a lease. A contract contains a lease if there is an identified asset, and the Company has the right to control the asset. Operating leases are recorded as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets with corresponding current and noncurrent operating lease liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Financing leases are included within fixed assets with corresponding current within other current liabilities and noncurrent within other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the duration of the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Recognition on the commencement date is based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term using an incremental borrowing rate. Leases with a term of 12 months or less at the commencement date are not recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and are expensed as incurred.

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component for all asset classes. Leases are accounted for at a portfolio level when similar in nature with identical or nearly identical provisions and similar effective dates and lease terms.

Collaboration Arrangements

The Company enters into collaboration arrangements with oncology drug development partners, under which the Company utilizes its active learning technology, proprietary biobank, and know-how to provide predictive models of tumor responses to various drug compounds and treatments of partners. Consideration under these contracts may include an upfront payment, development and regulatory milestones and other contingent payments, expense reimbursements, royalties based on net sales of approved drugs, and commercial sales milestone payments.

The Company analyzes its collaboration arrangements to assess whether they are within the scope of ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, which includes determining whether such arrangements involve joint operating activities performed by parties that are both active participants in the activities and exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of such activities. To the extent that the arrangement falls within the scope of ASC 808, the Company assesses whether the payments between the Company and its collaboration partner fall within the scope of other accounting literature. If the Company concludes that payments from the collaboration partner to the Company would represent consideration from a customer, the Company accounts for those payments within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. However, if the Company concludes that its collaboration partner is not a customer for certain activities and associated payments, the Company presents such payments as a reduction of research and development expense or general and administrative expense, based on where the Company presents the underlying expense.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Sales taxes are imposed on the Company’s sales to nonexempt customers. The Company collects the taxes from the customers and remits the entire amounts to the governmental authorities. Sales taxes are excluded from revenue and expenses.

Revenue from Product Sales

The Company has medical device revenue consisting primarily of sales of the STREAMWAY System, as well as sales of the proprietary cleaning fluid and filters for use with the STREAMWAY System. The Company sells its medical device products directly to hospitals and other medical facilities using employed sales representatives. Purchase orders, which are governed by sales agreements in all cases, state the final terms for unit price, quantity, shipping, and payment terms. The unit price is considered the observable stand-alone selling price for the arrangements. The Company sales agreement, and Terms and Conditions, is a dually executed contract providing explicit criteria supporting the sale of the STREAMWAY System. The Company considers the combination of a purchase order and acceptance of its Terms and Conditions to be a customer’s contract in all cases.

Product sales for medical devices consist of a single performance obligation that the Company satisfies at a point in time. The Company recognizes product revenue when the following events have occurred: (1) the Company has transferred physical possession of the products, (2) the Company has a present right to payment, (3) the customer has legal title to the products, and (4) the customer bears significant risks and rewards of ownership of the products. Based on the shipping terms specified in the sales agreements and purchase orders, these criteria are generally met when the products are shipped from the Company’s facilities (“FOB origin,” which is the Company’s standard shipping terms). As a result, the Company determined that the customer could direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the benefits from, the products at the time the products are shipped. The Company may, at its discretion, negotiate different shipping terms with customers which may affect the timing of revenue recognition. The Company’s standard payment terms for its customers are generally 30 to 60 days after the Company transfers control of the product to its customer. The Company allows returns of defective disposable merchandise if the customer requests a return merchandise authorization from the Company.

Customers may also purchase a maintenance plan for the medical devices from the Company, which requires the Company to service the STREAMWAY System for a period of one year after the one-year anniversary date of the original STREAMWAY System invoice. The maintenance plan is considered a separate performance obligation from the product sale, is charged separately from the product sale, and is recognized over time (ratably over the one-year period) as maintenance services are provided. A time-elapsed output method is used to measure progress because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service. The Company has determined that this method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of services to its customers.

All amounts billed to a customer in a sales transaction for medical devices related to shipping and handling, if any, represent revenues earned for the goods provided, and these amounts have been included in revenue. Costs related to such shipping and handling billing are classified as cost of goods sold. This revenue stream is reported under the Eagan reportable segment.

Revenue from Clinical Testing

Clinic diagnostic testing is comprised of our Tumor Drug Response Testing (“ChemoFx”) and Genomic Profiling (“BioSpeciFx”) tests. The Tumor Drug Response Testing test determines how a patient’s tumor specimen reacts to a panel of various chemotherapy drugs, while the Genomic Profiling test evaluates the expression and/or status of a particular gene related to a patient’s tumor specimen. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The estimated uncollectible amounts are generally considered implicit price concessions that are a reduction in revenue. Pittsburgh’s payments terms vary by the agreements reached with insurance carriers and Medicare. The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at one point in time when test reports are delivered.

For service revenues, the Company estimates the transaction price which is the amount of consideration it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for providing services based on its historical collection experience using a portfolio approach as a practical expedient to account for patient contracts as collective groups rather than individually. The Company monitors its estimates of transaction price to depict conditions that exist at each reporting date. If the Company subsequently determines that it will collect more consideration than it originally estimated for a contract with a patient, it will account for the change as an increase to the estimate of the transaction price, provided that such downward adjustment does not result in a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized.

The Company recognizes revenue from these patients when contracts, as defined in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, are established at the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled or when the Company receives substantially all of the consideration subsequent to the performance obligations being satisfied. The Company’s standard payment term for hospital and patient direct bill is 30 days after the invoice date. This revenue stream is reported under the Pittsburgh segment.

Contract Research Organization (“CRO”) and AI-Driven Business

Contract revenues are generally derived from studies conducted with biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical companies. The specific methodology for revenue recognition is determined on a case-by-case basis according to the facts and circumstances applicable to a given contract. The Company uses an input method that recognizes revenue based on the Company’s efforts to satisfy the performance obligation relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation on the basis of the standalone-selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. Advance payments received in excess of revenues recognized are classified as deferred revenue until such time as the revenue recognition criteria have been met. Payment terms are net 30 from the invoice date, which is sent to the customer as the Company satisfies the performance obligation relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation. This revenue stream is reported under the Birmingham and Pittsburgh segments.

Royalty Revenue

The Company has collaboration arrangements that include sales-based royalties, under which our collaboration partners are obligated to pay a royalty that is based on the net sales of their approved drugs. The Company recognizes royalty revenue when the underlying sales occur based on its best estimate of sales of the drugs. To date, the Company has not recognized revenues related to royalties earned under collaboration arrangements.

Variable Consideration

The Company records revenue from distributors and direct end customers in an amount that reflects the transaction price it expects to be entitled to after transferring control of those goods or services. The Company’s current contracts do not contain any features that create variability in the amount or timing of revenue to be earned.

Warranty

The Company generally provides one-year warranties against defects in materials and workmanship on product sales and will either repair the products or provide replacements at no charge to customers. As they are considered assurance-type warranties, the Company does not account for them as separate performance obligations. Warranty reserve requirements are based on a specific assessment of the products sold with warranties where a customer asserts a claim for warranty or a product defect. 

Contract Balances

The Company records a receivable when it has an unconditional right to receive consideration after the performance obligations are satisfied. Accounts receivable totaled $430,849 and $331,196 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, accounts receivable totaled $354,196.

The Company’s contract liabilities related primarily to 3D services and maintenance plans are $627,896 and $602,073 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, contract liabilities totaled $186,951.

Practical Expedients

The Company has elected the practical expedient not to determine whether contracts with customers contain significant financing components as contracts are generally for less than one year, as well as the practical expedient to recognize shipping and handling costs at point of sale.

Valuation and Accounting for Stock Options and Warrants

The Company determines the grant date fair value of options and warrants using a Black-Scholes option valuation model based upon assumptions regarding risk-free interest rate, expected dividend rate, volatility, and estimated term.

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following assumptions:

	For the six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022
	Stock Options
Expected dividend yield		0.0%		0.0%
Expected stock price volatility		90.8% - 91.6%		86.5% - 92.2%
Risk-free interest rate		3.38% - 3.72%		1.83% - 3.43%
Expected life (years)		10		10
	Warrants
Expected dividend yield		0.0%		0.0%
Expected stock price volatility		0%		92.2%
Risk-free interest rate		0%		2.96% - 2.97%
Expected life (years)		0		5 - 5.5

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted a sequencing policy under ASC 815-40-35 (“ASC 815”) that will apply in the event that reclassification of contracts from equity to liabilities is necessary. If the Company is unable to demonstrate it has sufficient authorized shares, shares will be allocated on the basis of the earliest issuance date of potentially dilutive financial instruments, with the earliest financial instruments receiving the first allocation of shares. Pursuant to ASC 815, issuance of stock-based awards to the Company’s employees are not subject to the sequencing policy.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred. Research and development costs were $29,367 and $33,394 for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Research and development costs were $68,171 and $101,612 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to impact taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

There is no income tax provision in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of net loss due to the cumulative operating losses that indicate a 100% valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets is appropriate.

The Company reviews income tax positions expected to be taken in income tax returns to determine if there are any income tax uncertainties. The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on technical merits of the positions. The Company has identified no income tax uncertainties.

Under Internal Revenue Code Section 382, certain stock transactions which significantly change ownership could limit the amount of net operating carryforwards that may be utilized on an annual basis to offset taxable income in future periods. The Company has not yet performed an analysis of the annual net operating loss carryforwards and limitations that are available to be used against taxable income. Consequently, the limitation, if any, could result in the expiration of the Company’s loss carryforwards before they can be utilized. The Company has not analyzed net operating loss carryforwards under Section 382 to date. As a result of the acquisition of Helomics Corporation (“Helomics”) in 2019, there may be significant limitations to the net operating loss. In addition, the current NOL carryforwards might be further limited by future issuances of our common stock.

Tax years subsequent to 2002 remain open to examination by federal and state tax authorities due to unexpired net operating loss carryforwards.

Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash. The Company places its cash with financial institutions and, by policy, generally limits the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had zero credit risk for cash amounts held in a single institution that are in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the medical device and biopharmaceutical industries, including, but not limited to, development by the Company or its competitors of new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, and compliance with regulations of the Food and Drug Administration, Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, and other governmental agencies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”). Recently issued ASUs not listed below either were assessed and determined to be not applicable or are currently expected to have no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.” This ASU added a new impairment model (known as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model) that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes as an allowance its estimate of expected credit losses. The CECL model applies to most debt instruments, trade receivables, lease receivables, financial guarantee contracts, and other loan commitments. The CECL model does not have a minimum threshold for recognition of impairment losses and entities will need to measure expected credit losses on assets that have a low risk of loss. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023; the adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). ASU 2020-06 eliminates the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models for convertible instruments. It also amends the accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. The new guidance also modifies how particular convertible instruments and certain contracts that may be settled in cash or shares impact the diluted EPS computation. As a smaller reporting company pursuant to Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year and are allowed to adopt the guidance through either a modified retrospective method of transition or a fully retrospective method of transition. The Company early adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2023 and its adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.