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Note 4 - Stockholders' Equity (Deficit), Stock Options and Warrants
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements  
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]
NOTE
4
– STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT), STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
 
2017
Firm Commitment Public Offering
 
On
January 19, 2017,
the Company closed a firm commitment public offering for
1,750,000
Units at
$2.25
per Unit. The Units comprised
one
share of common stock and
0.2
Series D Warrants with each whole Series D Warrant purchasing
one
share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of
$2.25
per share. The Company received gross proceeds of
$3,937,500.
Subsequently the underwriter exercised over-allotment for
175,000
shares of common stock and for Series D warrants to purchase
35,000
shares of common stock at
$0.01
per warrant. The Company received net proceeds from the over-allotment of
$358,312.
 
2017
Private Placement
 
On
November 30, 2017,
the Company closed a private placement of a newly created series of preferred stock designated as “Series C Convertible Preferred Stock” with a New York based Family Office. Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the investor purchased
1,213,819
shares of Series C stock at a purchase price of
$1.071
per Series C Share, together with a warrant to purchase up to
606,910
shares of common stock. The warrant has an exercise price of
$1.26
per share, subject to adjustment, has a
five
- and
one
-half-year term and is exercisable commencing
six
months following the date of issuance. Total gross proceeds to the Company were
$1,300,000
before deducting expenses and will be used for general working capital. In connection with the offering and pursuant to a registration rights agreement, the Company has agreed to file a “resale” registration statement covering all of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the warrant. Pursuant to the Securities Purchase agreement, and as of this filing date, all the Preferred Series C shares were converted at a conversion rate of
1.167
to a maximum of
1,250,269
shares of common stock. The remaining
142,466
shares of Preferred Series C stock were cancelled with a redemption payment to the holder for
$189,285.
 
2018
Firm Commitment Public Offering
 
In
January 2018,
the Company completed a firm commitment underwritten public offering of
2,900,000
Units at an offering price of
$0.95
per Unit, with each Unit consisting of
one
share of the Company’s common stock and
0.3
of a Series E Warrant, with each whole Series E Warrant purchasing
one
share of common stock at an exercise price of
$1.00
per whole share. The shares of common stock and Series E Warrants were immediately separable and were issued separately. Gross proceeds were approximately
$2,755,000,
before deducting expenses. The Company granted the underwriter a
45
-day option to purchase an additional (i) up to
290,000
additional shares of common stock at the public offering price per Unit less the price of the Series E Warrant included in the Units and less the underwriting discount and/or (ii) additional Series E Warrants to purchase up to
87,000
additional shares of common stock at a purchase price of
$0.001
per Series E Warrant to cover over-allotments, if any. On
February 21, 2018,
the underwriter exercised on
215,247
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01,
at
$0.9497
per share as described in the Underwriting Agreement. The Company received net proceeds of
$188,066
after deductions of
$16,354
representing the underwriter’s discount of
8%
of the purchase price of the shares.
 
Share Exchange Agreement with Helomics
 
On
January 11, 2018,
the Company entered into a share exchange agreement with Helomics Holding Corporation. Pursuant to the share exchange agreement, Helomics issued
2,500,000
shares of its Series A Preferred Stock in exchange for
1,100,000
shares of common stock. Under the share exchange agreement, in
March 2018
the Company converted
$500,000
in secured notes into another
5%
of Helomics’ outstanding shares, which resulted in the Company owning
25%
of Helomics outstanding stock. The secured notes are related to the Company’s previous loans of
$500,000
to Helomics. The
1,100,000
shares are being held in escrow by Corporate Stock Transfer, Inc. as escrow agent. While the Company’s shares are held in escrow, they will be voted as directed by the Company’s board of directors and management. The Company shares will be released to Helomics following a determination that Helomics’ revenues in any
12
-month period have been equal or greater than
$8,000,000.
The Helomics Preferred Stock issued to the Company is convertible into an aggregate of
20%
of the outstanding capital stock of Helomics. In addition, the terms of the Helomics Preferred Stock include certain protective provisions that require consent of the Company before Helomics
may
take certain actions, including issuing preferred stock senior to the Helomics Preferred Stock or entering into fundamental corporate transactions. The Company also has certain anti-dilution protections and the right to receive dividends.
 
Merger Agreement with Helomics
 
On
June 28, 2018,
the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Helomics and certain other entities. On
October 26, 2018,
the Merger Agreement was amended and restated. The Merger Agreement contemplated a reverse triangular merger with Helomics surviving the merger and becoming a wholly-owned operating subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). At the time of the Merger, all outstanding shares of Helomics stock
not
already held by the Company were to be converted into the right to receive a proportionate share of
7.5
million shares of newly issued common stock in the Company (“Merger Shares”), in addition to the
1.1
million shares of the Company’s common stock already issued to Helomics for the Company’s initial
20%
ownership in Helomics. Additionally,
860,000
shares of the merger consideration were to be held in escrow for
18
months to satisfy indemnification claims. Helomics currently has outstanding
$7.6
million in promissory notes and warrants to purchase
18.7
million shares at an exercise price of
$1.00
per share of Helomics common stock held by the investors in the promissory notes. As a result of the Merger, the holders of said promissory notes and warrants would be entitled to additional warrants to purchase up to
5.0
million additional shares of Helomics common stock at an exercise price of
$1.00
per share. Helomics agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the holder of each such promissory note to enter into an agreement whereby such holder agrees that, effective upon the closing of the Merger, (a) all or a certain portion of the indebtedness evidenced by such promissory note shall be converted into common stock in the Company, (b) all of such holder’s Helomics’ warrants shall be converted into warrants of the Company, and (c) the unconverted portion of said indebtedness shall be converted into a promissory note issued by the Company dated as of the closing of the Merger. The Merger is expressly conditioned on the holders of at least
75%
of the
$7.6
million in outstanding Helomics promissory notes agreeing to such an exchange (and the parties contemplate that each Helomics warrant will be exchanged for a Company warrant at a ratio of
0.6
Precision warrants for each Helomics warrant, with an exercise price of
$1.00
per share. If all holders of such notes agreed to the exchange with respect to the full balance of the notes, such holders would receive an aggregate estimated
23.7
million shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an additional
14.2
million shares of the Company’s common stock at
$1.00
per share. In addition, Helomics currently has
995,000
warrants held by other parties at an exercise price of
$0.01
per share of Helomics common stock. It is contemplated that these warrants will be exchanged at the time of the closing of the Merger for warrants to purchase
597,000
shares of Precision common stock at
$0.01
per share.
 
Under the Merger Agreement, completion of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions including the approval of the Merger by the stockholders of both companies and other conditions. The Merger Agreement likewise contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, including covenants obligating each of the Company and Helomics to continue to conduct their respective businesses in the ordinary course, and to provide reasonable access to each other’s information. Finally, the Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights in favor of each of the Company and Helomics.
 
At a special meeting of stockholders on
March 22, 2019,
the Company’s stockholders approved the Merger Agreement.
 
On
July 10
and
11,
2018,
the Company issued
250,000
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01,
at
$1.18
per share for consulting fees pursuant to the TumorGenesis license fees contract, and
750,000
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01,
at
$1.17
per share, in escrow, for TumorGenesis license fees pursuant to the TumorGenesis license fees contract.
 
Increases in Authorized Shares
 
At a special meeting of the stockholders on
January 29, 2017,
the stockholders approved a proposal to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from
8,000,000
shares to
24,000,000
shares of common stock under the Company’s certificate of incorporation.
 
At the annual meeting on
December 28, 2017,
the stockholders approved a proposal to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from
24,000,000
to
50,000,000
shares of common stock,
$0.01
par value. The amendment to the certificate of incorporation to affect this increase was filed on
January 2, 2018.
 
At the special meeting of stockholders on
March 22, 2019,
the stockholders approved a proposal to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from
50,000,000
to
100,000,000
shares of common stock,
$0.01
par value. The amendment to the certificate of incorporation to affect this increase was filed on
March 22, 2019.
 
Equity Incentive Plan
 
The Company has an equity incentive plan, which allows issuance of incentive and non-qualified stock options to employees, directors and consultants of the Company, where permitted under the plan. The exercise price for each stock option is determined by the market price on the date of issuance. Vesting requirements are determined by the Board of Directors when granted and currently range from immediate to
three
years. Options under this plan have terms ranging from
three
to
ten
years.
 
Accounting for share-based payment
 
ASC
718
Compensation – Stock Compensation, (“ASC
718”
)
requires that a company that issues equity as compensation needs to record compensation expense on its statements of comprehensive loss that corresponds to the estimated cost of those equity grants. ASC
718
requires companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model or other acceptable means. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option valuation model which requires the input of significant assumptions including an estimate of the average period of time employees will retain vested stock options before exercising them, the estimated volatility of the Company's common stock price over the expected term, the number of options that will ultimately be forfeited before completing vesting requirements, the expected dividend rate and the risk-free interest rate. Changes in the assumptions can materially affect the estimate of fair value of stock-based compensation and, consequently, the related expense recognized. The assumptions the Company uses in calculating the fair value of stock-based payment awards represent the Company's best estimates, which involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management's judgment. As a result, if factors change and the Company uses different assumptions, the Company's equity-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
 
Since the Company's common stock has
no
significant public trading history, and the Company has experienced
no
significant option exercises in its history, the Company policy is to take an alternative approach to estimating future volatility and estimated life and the future results could vary significantly from the Company's estimates. The Company has been on the NASDAQ Capital Market since
2015
and has had a volatile stock including reverse stock splits. In the case of ordinary options to employees the Company determined the expected life to be the midpoint between the vesting term and the legal term. In the case of options or warrants granted to non-employees, the Company estimated the life to be the legal term unless there was a compelling reason to make it shorter.
 
When an option or warrant is granted in place of cash compensation for services, the Company deems the value of the service rendered to be the value of the option or warrant. In most cases, however, an option or warrant is granted in addition to other forms of compensation and its separate value is difficult to determine without utilizing an option pricing model. For that reason the Company also uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to value options and warrants granted to non-employees, which requires the input of significant assumptions including an estimate of the average period the investors or consultants will retain vested stock options and warrants before exercising them, the estimated volatility of the Company's common stock price over the expected term, the number of options and warrants that will ultimately be forfeited before completing vesting requirements, the expected dividend rate and the risk-free interest rate. Changes in the assumptions can materially affect the estimate of fair value of stock-based consulting and/or compensation and, consequently, the related expense recognized.
 
On
April 19, 2017,
the Company terminated the Company’s Partnership and Exclusive Reseller Agreement with GLG Pharma, LLC and thereby received
400,000
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01,
from escrow.
 
For grants of stock options and warrants in
2017
the Company used a
1.92%
to
2.40%
risk free interest rate,
0%
dividend rate,
59%
to
66%
volatility and estimated terms of
5
to
10
years. Value computed using these assumptions ranged from
$0.6541
to
$1.5489
per share.
 
On
January 15, 2018,
the Company issued inducement stock options in accordance with NASDAQ listing rule for
50,000
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01
at
$0.97
per share to the Company’s newly hired International Vice President of Sales. The options will vest in
four
equal increments: on the first, second,
third
and
fourth
quarters of the hiring date anniversary.
 
On
March 12, 2018,
the Company issued inducement stock options in accordance with NASDAQ rule for
111,112
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01
at
$1.35
per share to the Company’s newly hired Vice President of Sales and Marketing. The options will vest in
four
equal increments: on the first, second,
third
and
fourth
quarters of the hiring date anniversary.
 
For grants of stock option and warrants in
2018
the Company used
2.33%
to
3.07%
risk free interest rate,
0%
dividend rate,
59%
to
66%
volatility and estimated terms of
5
to
10
years. Value computed using these assumptions ranged from
$0.3816
to
$1.0044
per share.
 
The following summarizes transactions for stock options and warrants for the periods indicated: 
 
    Stock Options   Warrants
    Number of
Shares
  Average
Exercise
Price
  Number of
Shares
  Average
Exercise
Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2016    
165,643
    $
11.22
     
871,101
    $
52.22
 
                                 
Issued    
2,612,070
     
1.45
     
1,082,946
     
1.49
 
Expired    
(12,730
)    
10.39
     
(2,790
)    
281.46
 
Exercised    
-
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
                                 
Outstanding at December 31, 2017    
2,764,983
    $
2.00
     
1,951,257
    $
23.74
 
                                 
Issued    
1,098,858
     
1.01
     
2,336,154
     
1.07
 
Expired    
(194,564
)    
2.00
     
(10,706
)    
199.55
 
Exercised    
-
     
-
     
(650,062
)    
1.00
 
                                 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018    
3,669,277
    $
1.70
     
3,626,643
    $
4.17
 
 
At
December 31, 2018,
2,946,488
stock options are fully vested and currently exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of
$1.79
and a weighted average remaining term of
8.86
years. There are
2,247,489
warrants that are fully vested and exercisable. Stock-based compensation recognized in
2018
and
2017
was
$1,124,928
and
$2,298,680,
respectively. The Company has
$741,922
of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options that are expected to be recognized over the next
20
months.
 
The following summarizes the status of options and warrants outstanding at
December 31, 2018:
 
Range of Exercise Prices   Shares   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
Options:                
$0.619    
201,908
     
10.00
 
$0.82    
60,000
     
9.91
 
$0.91    
10,000
     
9.30
 
$0.965    
3,000
     
9.38
 
$0.97    
191,753
     
9.02
 
$1.01    
149,110
     
9.12
 
$1.06    
23,585
     
9.76
 
$1.10    
86,958
     
9.46
 
$1.13    
195,931
     
9.55
 
$1.15    
21,740
     
9.59
 
$1.16    
66,451
     
9.59
 
$1.18    
30,000
     
9.61
 
$1.20    
41,668
     
9.59
 
$1.21    
30,000
     
9.61
 
$1.35    
111,112
     
9.20
 
$1.454    
17,200
     
8.75
 
$1.47    
2,305,790
     
8.48
 
$2.10    
14,286
     
8.25
 
$2.25    
293
     
7.65
 
$2.42    
20,640
     
7.64
 
$2.80    
57,145
     
8.01
 
$3.75    
4,000
     
7.50
 
$4.125    
3,636
     
7.75
 
$4.1975    
7,147
     
7.72
 
$4.25    
3,529
     
7.25
 
$5.125    
3,902
     
7.69
 
$65.75    
190
     
6.81
 
$73.50    
1,157
     
7.01
 
$77.50    
2,323
     
6.50
 
$80.25    
187
     
6.75
 
$86.25    
232
     
6.25
 
$131.25    
81
     
3.69
 
$148.125    
928
     
4.21
 
$150.00    
1,760
     
3.63
 
$162.50    
123
     
6.01
 
$206.25    
121
     
5.75
 
$248.4375    
121
     
4.54
 
$262.50    
130
     
4.54
 
$281.25    
529
     
4.04
 
$318.75    
3
     
4.35
 
$346.875    
72
     
5.25
 
$431.25    
306
     
5.19
 
$506.25    
188
     
5.00
 
$596.25    
42
     
4.75
 
Total    
3,669,277
     
 
 
                 
Warrants:                
$0.836    
221,292
     
4.92
 
$1.00    
1,063,935
     
3.76
 
$1.07    
697,946
     
3.85
 
$1.155    
1,071,776
     
4.75
 
$1.3125    
86,086
     
4.75
 
$2.25    
385,000
     
3.06
 
$123.75    
94,084
     
1.67
 
$243.75    
2,529
     
0.59
 
$309.375    
2,850
     
0.61
 
$309.50    
222
     
0.85
 
$506.25    
59
     
0.12
 
$609.375    
862
     
0.09
 
Total    
3,626,643
     
 
 
 
Stock options and warrants expire on various dates from
January 2019
to
December 2028.
 
The Company’s board of directors had determined that the Company would require additional authorized shares for anticipated equity financings, future equity offerings, strategic acquisition opportunities, and the continued issuance of equity awards under our stock incentive plan to recruit and retain key employees, and for other proper corporate purposes. As a result, the board of directors called a special meeting of the stockholders that took place on
January 29, 2017.
The vote, a proposal to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from
8,000,000
shares to
24,000,000
shares of common stock under the Company’s certificate of incorporation passed. On
December 28, 2017,
the Company held its annual meeting. Pursuant to the meeting on
January 2, 2018,
the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company was amended to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from
24,000,000
to
50,000,000
shares of common stock,
$0.01
par value. Additionally, the stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s
2012
Plan to (i) increase the reserve of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder to
5,000,000,
(ii) to increase certain threshold limits for grants, and (iii) to re-approve the performance goals thereunder. Pursuant to the annual meeting and the aforementioned approvals, and as explained in the Company’s definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on
December 4, 2017,
amendments to the
2012
Plan were considered at the
2016
annual meeting but were
not
approved by the required vote. For options to purchase approximately
2.5
million shares granted after the
2016
annual meeting, the grantees agreed
not
to exercise the options prior to further stockholder approval of an increase in the reserve under the
2012
Plan. As a result of the stockholder approval of the amendments at the
2017
annual meeting, these restrictions on exercise were removed on
December 28, 2017.
Due to the removal of this restriction on exercise, the Company recognized a non-cash charge for compensation expense of approximately
$1.9
million in the
fourth
quarter of
2017.
 
Stock Options and Warrants Granted by the Company
 
The following table is the listing of outstanding stock options and warrants as of
December 31, 2018
by year of grant:
 
Stock Options:
 
Year
 
Shares
 
Price
2011
   
173
     
 
281.25
 
 
2012
   
1,841
     
131.25
150.00
 
2013
   
1,553
     
148.13
596.25
 
2014
   
836
     
162.50
431.25
 
2015
   
4,088
     
65.75
86.25
 
2016
   
100,294
     
2.25
5.13
 
2017
   
2,461,634
     
1.01
2.10
 
2018
   
1,098,858
     
0.62
1.35
 
Total
   
3,669,277
     
$0.62
596.25
 
 
Warrants:
 
Year
 
Shares
 
Price
2014
   
6,455
     
243.75
609.38
 
2015
   
94,151
     
0.00
243.75
 
2016
   
252,333
     
1.00
 
 
2017
   
1,082,946
     
1.07
2.25
 
2018
   
2,190,758
     
0.84
1.3125
 
Total
   
3,626,643
     
$0.00
609.38