10-Q

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

___________________________

FORM 10-Q

	(Mark One)
þ	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025

or

o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission File Number: 001-35435

Proto Labs, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Minnesota	41-1939628
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5540 Pioneer Creek Drive
Maple Plain, Minnesota	55359
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(763) 479-3680

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 Per Share	PRLB	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þYes oNo

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). þYes oNo

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	þ	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o
Smaller reporting company	o	Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). oYes þNo

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 23,874,757 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, were outstanding at July 29, 2025.

Table of Contents

Proto Labs, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item	Description	Page
PART I
1.	Financial Statements	2
2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	27
4.	Controls and Procedures	27
PART II
1.	Legal Proceedings	28
1A.	Risk Factors	28
2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28
5.	Other Information	29
6.	Exhibits	29

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Proto Labs, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	90,382	$	89,071
Short-term marketable securities	12,804		14,019
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,272 and $1,975 as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively	78,011		66,504
Inventory	13,169		12,305
Income taxes receivable	1,155		2,906
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,985		10,049
Total current assets	205,506		194,854
Property and equipment, net	215,777		227,263
Goodwill	273,991		273,991
Other intangible assets, net	20,500		21,422
Long-term marketable securities	20,037		17,773
Operating lease assets	2,308		2,993
Finance lease assets	558		692
Other long-term assets	4,575		4,524
Total assets	$	743,252	$	743,512
Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	15,583	$	15,504
Accrued compensation	19,435		16,550
Accrued liabilities and other	25,846		19,621
Current operating lease liabilities	984		1,287
Current finance lease liabilities	316		309
Total current liabilities	62,164		53,271
Long-term operating lease liabilities	1,402		1,633
Long-term finance lease liabilities	127		287
Long-term deferred tax liabilities	9,737		13,565
Other long-term liabilities	5,115		4,605
Total liabilities	78,545		73,361
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 0 shares as of each of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024	—		—
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 23,874,601 and 24,226,088 shares as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively	23		24
Additional paid-in capital	449,903		453,705
Retained earnings	239,344		244,406
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(24,563)		(27,984)
Total shareholders' equity	664,707		670,151
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	743,252	$	743,512

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Proto Labs, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Statements of Operations:
Revenue	$	135,063	$	125,631	$	261,268	$	253,521
Cost of revenue	75,289		69,085		145,796		139,508
Gross profit	59,774		56,546		115,472		114,013
Operating expenses
Marketing and sales	24,731		23,291		48,480		46,451
Research and development	11,173		10,661		21,782		21,828
General and administrative	18,752		16,595		35,600		32,908
Costs related to exit and disposal activities	149		—		110		—
Total operating expenses	54,805		50,547		105,972		101,187
Income from operations	4,969		5,999		9,500		12,826
Other income, net	1,705		1,361		3,159		2,260
Income before income taxes	6,674		7,360		12,659		15,086
Provision for income taxes	2,247		2,820		4,633		5,278
Net income	$	4,427	$	4,540	$	8,026	$	9,808
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.39
Diluted	$	0.18	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.38
Shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic	23,900,390		25,313,036		24,018,119		25,473,937
Diluted	24,101,592		25,372,972		24,291,246		25,573,344
Comprehensive Income (net of tax)
Comprehensive income	$	6,755	$	3,953	$	11,447	$	8,389

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Proto Labs, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity

(In thousands, except share amounts)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2024	24,226,088	$	24	$	453,705	$	244,406	$	(27,984)	$	670,151
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	58,291	—		(961)		—		—		(961)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		3,992		—		—		3,992
Repurchases of common stock and other	(513,739)	(1)		(9,621)		(11,451)		—		(21,073)
Net income	—	—		—		3,599		—		3,599
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		1,003		1,003
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	—	—		—		—		90		90
Comprehensive income										4,692
Balance at March 31, 2025	23,770,640	$	23	$	447,115	$	236,554	$	(26,891)	$	656,801
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	179,393	—		(58)		—		—		(58)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,259		—		—		4,259
Repurchases of common stock and other	(75,432)	—		(1,413)		(1,637)		—		(3,050)
Net income	—	—		—		4,427		—		4,427
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		2,300		2,300
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	—	—		—		—		28		28
Comprehensive income										6,755
Balance at June 30, 2025	23,874,601	$	23	$	449,903	$	239,344	$	(24,563)	$	664,707

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2023	25,721,957	$	26	$	466,884	$	256,398	$	(28,013)	$	695,295
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	29,974	—		(533)		—		—		(533)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,276		—		—		4,276
Repurchases of common stock	(435,861)	—		(7,912)		(8,252)		—		(16,164)
Net income	—	—		—		5,268		—		5,268
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		(925)		(925)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	—	—		—		—		93		93
Comprehensive income										4,436
Balance at March 31, 2024	25,316,070	$	26	$	462,715	$	253,414	$	(28,845)	$	687,310
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	176,780	—		707		—		—		707
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,244		—		—		4,244
Repurchases of common stock	(345,234)	—		(6,266)		(4,712)		—		(10,978)
Net income	—			—		4,540		—		4,540
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		(678)		(678)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	—	—		—		—		91		91
Comprehensive income										3,953
Balance at June 30, 2024	25,147,616	$	26	$	461,400	$	253,242	$	(29,432)	$	685,236

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Proto Labs, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024
Operating activities
Net income	$	8,026	$	9,808
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,264		18,075
Stock-based compensation expense	8,251		8,520
Deferred taxes	(3,985)		(4,144)
Interest on finance lease obligations	11		18
Impairments related to exit and closure of facilities	448		—
Gain on disposal of property and equipment	—		(20)
Other	(82)		64
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(9,487)		113
Inventories	(983)		1,263
Prepaid expenses and other	338		(829)
Income taxes	1,836		825
Accounts payable	(654)		537
Accrued liabilities and other	7,980		1,551
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,963		35,781
Investing activities
Purchases of property, equipment and other capital assets	(2,730)		(6,784)
Proceeds from sales of property, equipment and other capital assets	—		30
Purchases of marketable securities	(11,052)		—
Proceeds from call redemptions and maturities of marketable securities	10,230		10,419
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(3,552)		3,665
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from equity plans	2,081		2,094
Purchases of shares withheld for tax obligations	(3,117)		(1,920)
Repurchases of common stock	(23,980)		(26,940)
Principal repayments of finance lease obligations	(153)		(146)
Net cash used in financing activities	(25,169)		(26,912)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1,069		(175)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	1,311		12,359
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	89,071		83,790
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	90,382	$	96,149

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements of Proto Labs, Inc. (Protolabs, the Company, we, us or our) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s statements of financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, these adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year as a whole.

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. For further information, refer to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 21, 2025.

The accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024 was derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for a full set of financial statements. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2025 as referenced above.

Note 2 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not recently adopt any accounting pronouncements that had a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, that enhances the transparency of income tax disclosures by expanding annual disclosure requirements related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The Company is required to adopt this guidance for its annual year ending December 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity's expenses, primarily through additional disaggregation of income statement expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2024-03 to determine the impact on the Company's disclosures.

Note 3 – Net Income per Common Share

Basic net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, increased by the number of additional shares that would have been outstanding had potentially dilutive common shares been issued and reduced by the number of shares the Company could have repurchased from the proceeds from issuance of the potentially dilutive shares. Potentially dilutive shares of common stock include stock options and other stock-based awards granted under stock-based compensation plans and shares committed to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan. Performance stock units are excluded from the calculation of dilutive potential common shares until the performance conditions have been satisfied. Anti-dilutive options were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding and were 459,386 and 452,239 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 446,174 and 371,313 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	4,427	$	4,540	$	8,026	$	9,808
Basic - weighted-average shares outstanding:	23,900,390		25,313,036		24,018,119		25,473,937
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options and other	201,202		59,936		273,127		99,407
Diluted - weighted-average shares outstanding:	24,101,592		25,372,972		24,291,246		25,573,344
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.39
Diluted	$	0.18	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.38

Note 4 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

There were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

Intangible assets other than goodwill at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024						Useful Life (in years)	Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)
(in thousands)	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Non-compete agreement	$	851	$	(786)	$	65	$	819	$	(703)	$	116	2.0 - 5.0	0.4
Software technology	13,229		(9,808)		3,421		13,229		(9,123)		4,106		10.0	2.5
Software platform	27,135		(10,121)		17,014		25,657		(8,457)		17,200		12.0	7.6
Total intangible assets	$	41,215	$	(20,715)	$	20,500	$	39,705	$	(18,283)	$	21,422

Intangible assets allocated to the Protolabs Network entities consisted of intangible assets of €11.6 million in Europe and $16.6 million in the United States as of the date of the acquisition. The Euro denominated intangible assets are translated at the end of each period using the current exchange rates resulting in a foreign currency translation adjustment that is recorded as a component of Other Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency unrealized losses related to intangible assets were $0.5 million and $2.2 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $0.9 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and $1.8 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

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Estimated aggregated amortization expense based on the current carrying value of the amortizable intangible assets and current exchange rates is as follows:

(in thousands)	Estimated Amortization Expense
Remaining 2025	$	1,862
2026	3,622
2027	3,613
2028	2,244
2029	2,244
Thereafter	6,915
Total estimated amortization expense	$	20,500

Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements

Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement (ASC 820), defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires classification based on observable and unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company's assets and liabilities that are required to be measured or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis include cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company’s cash consists of bank deposits and cash equivalents consist primarily of money market mutual funds. The Company determines the fair value of these investments using Level 1 inputs. The Company's marketable securities consist of short-term and long-term agency, municipal, corporate and other debt securities. Fair value for the corporate debt securities is primarily determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Fair values for the U.S. municipal securities, U.S. government agency securities, certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities are primarily determined using dealer quotes or quoted market prices for similar securities (Level 2).

The following table summarizes financial assets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets:
Cash	$	82,748	$	—	$	—	$	86,366	$	—	$	—
Money market mutual fund	7,634		—		—		2,705		—		—
Marketable securities	16,270		16,571		—		17,261		14,531		—
Total	$	106,652	$	16,571	$	—	$	106,332	$	14,531	$	—

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Note 6 – Marketable Securities

The Company invests in short-term and long-term agency, municipal, corporate and other debt securities. The securities are categorized as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s short-term and long-term marketable securities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	June 30, 2025
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	1,000	$	3	$	—	$	1,003
Corporate debt securities	15,914		2		(27)		15,889
U.S. municipal securities	8,954		17		(8)		8,963
U.S. treasury bonds	7,000		1		(15)		6,986
Total marketable securities	$	32,868	$	23	$	(50)	$	32,841

	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	8,323	$	—	$	(22)	$	8,301
Corporate debt securities	15,852		—		(82)		15,770
U.S. municipal securities	6,762		—		(38)		6,724
U.S. treasury bonds	1,000		—		(3)		997
Total marketable securities	$	31,937	$	—	$	(145)	$	31,792

Fair values for the corporate debt securities are primarily determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Fair values for the U.S. municipal securities, U.S. government agency securities, certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities are primarily determined using dealer quotes or quoted market prices for similar securities (Level 2).

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is based upon the security’s maturity date as of the date of these financial statements.

The June 30, 2025 balance of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity is shown in the following table at fair value. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025
Due in one year or less	$	12,804
Due after one year through five years	20,037
Total marketable securities	$	32,841

Note 7 – Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of raw materials, which are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value using the standard cost method, which approximates first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for slow-moving, damaged and discontinued items and provides allowances to reduce such items identified to their recoverable amounts.

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The Company’s inventory consisted of the following as of the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total inventory	$	13,886	$	12,989
Allowance for obsolescence	(717)		(684)
Inventory, net of allowance	$	13,169	$	12,305

Note 8 – Stock-Based Compensation

On July 8, 2022, the board of directors approved the Proto Labs, Inc. 2022 Long-Term Incentive Plan, which was approved by the Company's shareholders at a Special Meeting of Shareholders on August 29, 2022, and subsequently amended and restated by the Company's shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 23, 2024 (as amended and restated, and subsequently further amended, the 2022 Plan) to increase the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2022 Plan by an additional 430,000 shares, add a minimum vesting requirement, and extend the expiration date so that the term of the 2022 Plan runs for ten years from the date of the shareholder approval. On May 20, 2025, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2022 Plan by an additional 296,000 shares. Under the 2022 Plan, the Company has the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash incentive awards. Awards under the 2022 Plan have a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant. The compensation and talent committee may provide that the vesting or payment of any award will be subject to the attainment of specified performance measures in addition to the satisfaction of any continued service requirements and the compensation and talent committee will determine whether such measures have been achieved. The per-share exercise price of stock options and SARs granted under the 2022 Plan generally may not be less than the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of the grant.

The Company also has outstanding awards under the 2012 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (the 2012 Plan), although the plan expired in February 2022 and no additional awards have since been or will be made under the 2012 Plan. The 2012 Plan provided the Company the ability to grant stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash incentive awards. Awards under the 2012 Plan that subsequently expired, were forfeited or cancelled, or settled in cash after August 29, 2022 became available for awards under the 2022 Plan.

On May 23, 2025, the Company granted one-time inducement awards (the "Inducement Awards") within the meaning of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual Section 303A.08 to the Company's incoming Chief Executive Officer. The Inducement Awards were not granted under the 2022 Plan, but have the same terms and conditions as equity awards granted under the 2022 Plan, except as otherwise provided in the award agreements.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company’s 2012 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) allows eligible employees to purchase a variable number of shares of the Company’s common stock each offering period at a discount through payroll deductions of up to 15 percent of their eligible compensation, subject to plan limitations. The ESPP provides for six-month offering periods with a single purchase period ending May 15 and November 15, respectively. At the end of each offering period, employees are able to purchase shares at 85 percent of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first trading day of the offering period or on the last trading day of the offering period.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense was $4.3 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $8.3 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

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Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Stock Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at December 31, 2024	445,136	$	51.34
Granted	139,872	39.32
Exercised	(8,762)	33.77
Forfeited	(93,350)	37.31
Expired	(16,354)	87.74
Options outstanding at June 30, 2025	466,542	$	49.60
Exercisable at June 30, 2025	254,268	$	60.44

The outstanding options generally have a term of ten years. For employees, options granted become exercisable ratably over the vesting period, which is generally a period of four years, beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to the employee’s continuing service to the Company.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options that were granted during the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $21.81.

The following table provides the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model valuation of options during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.13% - 4.17%	4.28% - 4.30%
Expected life (years)	6.25	6.25
Expected volatility	52.12% - 52.99%	50.62% - 50.72%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

As of June 30, 2025, there was $3.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.1 years.

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock unit (RSU) awards are share-settled awards and restrictions lapse ratably over the vesting period, which is generally a period from three to four years, beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to the employee's continuing service to the Company. For the board of directors, restrictions generally lapse in full on the first anniversary of the grant date.

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The following table summarizes restricted stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Restricted stock units at December 31, 2024	763,261	$	38.25
Granted	278,500	39.95
Restrictions lapsed	(212,421)	40.55
Forfeited	(85,562)	36.57
Restricted stock units at June 30, 2025	743,778	$	38.42

As of June 30, 2025, there was $21.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

Performance Stock Units

Performance stock units (PSUs) are expressed in terms of a target number of PSUs, with anywhere between 0 percent and 200 percent of that target number capable of being earned and vesting at the end of a three-year performance period depending on the Company’s performance in the final year of the performance period and the award recipient’s continued employment. The Company’s PSUs are based on market conditions and the related compensation cost is based on the fair value at grant date calculated using a Monte Carlo pricing model.

The following table summarizes performance stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Performance stock units at December 31, 2024	180,173	$	60.75
Granted1	153,503	59.71
Restrictions lapsed	(32,977)	96.41
Performance change	—	—
Forfeited	(68,887)	57
Performance stock units at June 30, 2025	231,812	$	56.17
1 Includes a target number of 54,320 PSUs granted as part of the May 23, 2025, Inducement Awards, 27,160 of which have the same market condition as the PSUs granted under the 2022 Plan as described above, and 27,160 of which also include a performance condition with anywhere between 0 percent and 100 percent of the target number capable of being achieved during two six-month performance periods and then anywhere between 0 percent and 200 percent of such achieved PSUs capable of being earned and vesting during a three-year performance period depending on the Company's performance in the final year of the performance period and the award recipient's continued employment.

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The following table provides the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo pricing model valuation of PSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	3.98% - 4.08%	4.37%
Expected life (years)	2.61 - 2.85	2.88
Expected volatility	52.40% - 53.20%	51.40%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

As of June 30, 2025, there was $8.6 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested performance stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table presents the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the ESPP during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.29%	5.07% - 5.16%
Expected life (months)	6.00	6.00
Expected volatility	65.60%	30.97% - 47.92%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

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Note 9 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments and net unrealized gains (losses) on investments in securities.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	(26,891)	$	(28,845)	$	(27,984)	$	(28,013)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	28		91		118		184
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income	28		91		118		184
Balance at end of period	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)

Note 10 – Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income tax in multiple jurisdictions and the use of estimates is required to determine the provision for income taxes. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $2.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $4.6 million and $5.3 million, respectively. The income tax provision is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate for the year applied to pre-tax income. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was 33.7 percent compared to 38.3 percent in the same period of the prior year. The effective tax rate decreased by 4.6 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to a decrease in tax expense from the vesting of restricted stock units and the exercise of stock options. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was 36.6 percent compared to 35.0 percent in the same period of the prior year. The effective tax rate increased by 1.6 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to an increase in losses in jurisdictions that are not eligible for tax benefits due to valuation allowances.

The effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to various factors, including operating in multiple state and foreign jurisdictions partially offset by tax credits for which the Company qualifies.

The Company had unrecognized tax benefits totaling $3.7 million as of June 30, 2025 and $3.4 million as of December 31, 2024, respectively, that if recognized would result in a reduction of the Company’s effective tax rate. The liabilities are classified as other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense and reports the liability in current or long-term income taxes payable as appropriate.

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On July 4, 2025, the U.S. enacted H.R. 1 "A bill to provide for reconciliation pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14", commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA). Changes in tax laws may affect recorded deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities and our effective tax rate in the future and we continue to evaluate the impacts the new legislation will have on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result of the enactment of H.R. 1, we anticipate an impact to the deferred tax liability and the income tax payable related to the provisions for 100% bonus depreciation for assets placed in service after January 19, 2025 and full expensing of domestic research and experimental expenditures. We do not expect any material change to our ongoing tax rate as a result of this legislation.

Note 11 – Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable segments are based on the internal reporting used by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (CODM), to assess operating performance and make decisions about the allocation of resources. The Company’s reportable segments are based upon geographic region, consisting of the United States and Europe. The Corporate Unallocated category includes non-reportable segments, as well as research and development and general and administrative costs that the Company does not allocate directly to its operating segments.

Intercompany transactions primarily relate to intercontinental activity and have been eliminated and are excluded from the reported amounts. The difference between income from operations and pre-tax income relates to foreign currency-related gains and losses and interest income on cash balances and investments, which are not allocated to business segments.

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The following table summarizes selected financial information by reportable segments:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	110,712	$	24,351	$	—	$	135,063
Segment expenses1	83,025		29,170		17,750		129,945
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		149		—		149
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	27,687	$	(4,968)	$	(17,750)	$	4,969

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	98,541	$	27,090	$	—	$	125,631
Segment expenses1	74,300		28,822		16,510		119,632
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	24,241	$	(1,732)	$	(16,510)	$	5,999

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	210,979	$	50,289	$	—	$	261,268
Segment expenses1	157,795		58,970		34,893		251,658
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		110		—		110
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	53,184	$	(8,791)	$	(34,893)	$	9,500

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	200,022	$	53,499	$	—	$	253,521
Segment expenses1	149,449		57,675		33,571		240,695
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	50,573	$	(4,176)	$	(33,571)	$	12,826

1 Segment expenses consist primarily of raw materials, equipment depreciation, employee compensation including benefits, commissions and stock-based compensation, facilities costs and overhead allocations associated with the manufacturing process for molds and custom parts, marketing programs such as electronic, print and pay-per-click advertising and trade shows and other related costs for our United States and Europe reportable segments. Segment expenses for our Corporate Unallocated reportable segment consist primarily of personnel and outside service costs related to the development of new processes and product lines, enhancements of existing product

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lines, software developed for internal use, maintenance of internally developed software, quality assurance and testing, employee compensation including benefits and stock-based compensation, severance, professional service fees related to accounting, tax and legal, and other related overhead costs.

Total long-lived assets, expenditures for additions to long-lived assets, and depreciation and amortization expense were as follows:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total long-lived assets:
United States	$	171,170	$	181,291
Europe	44,607		45,972
Total Long-lived Assets	$	215,777	$	227,263

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Expenditures for additions to long-lived assets:
United States	$	1,125	$	3,532	$	2,293	$	4,366
Europe	343		665		437		2,418
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	$	1,468	$	4,197	$	2,730	$	6,784

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Depreciation and Amortization:
United States	$	7,003	$	7,186	$	14,012	$	14,511
Europe	1,484		1,732		3,090		3,476
Corporate Unallocated	83		54		$	162	$	88
Total depreciation and amortization	$	8,570	$	8,972	$	17,264	$	18,075

Revenue by product line the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenue:
Injection Molding	$	47,415	$	49,080	$	96,138	$	101,743
CNC Machining	61,945		51,239		114,788		101,171
3D Printing	21,215		21,281		41,409		42,863
Sheet Metal	4,303		3,922		8,514		7,475
Other Revenue	185		109		419		269
Total Revenue	$	135,063	$	125,631	$	261,268	$	253,521

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Forward-Looking Statements

Statements contained in this report regarding matters that are not historical or current facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our results to be materially different than those expressed or implied in such statements. Certain of these risk factors and others are described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on our future results. We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Finally, we expressly disclaim any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

Overview

We are one of the world’s largest, fastest and most comprehensive digital manufacturers of custom parts. Our vision is accelerating innovation by revolutionizing manufacturing. Our mission is to shape the future by bringing customer ideas to life across every stage of their product cycle. We accomplish this by offering a variety of manufacturing capabilities fulfilled through a combination of owned manufacturing factories and a worldwide network of premium manufacturing partners. Our automated quoting and manufacturing systems are highly integrated with our manufacturing and fulfillment systems, which allow us to offer a vast array of manufacturing technologies in a variety of materials across a continuum of lead times and prices. Our technology-enabled digital engineering and manufacturing applications enable us to produce commercial-grade plastic, metal, and liquid silicone rubber parts in as fast as one day.

Our customers conduct the majority of their business with us via our Internet-based eCommerce platform. We target our products to the millions of product developers and engineers who use three-dimensional computer-aided design (3D CAD) software to design products across a diverse range of end-markets, to the procurement and supply chain professionals seeking to easily and efficiently source custom parts on-demand, and to a wide variety of customers seeking to purchase custom parts. We believe our use of advanced technologies enable us to offer significant advantages at competitive prices to many customers and is the primary reason we have become a leading supplier of custom parts.

We have established our operations in the United States and Europe. On October 21, 2024, the Company's board of directors approved a plan related to the Company's manufacturing facilities in Germany. The plan includes the closure of the Company's prototype injection molding manufacturing facility in Eschenlohe, Germany, and the discontinuation of Direct Metal Laser Sintering 3D printing services through its 3D printing facility in Putzbrunn, Germany. The Company expects to substantially complete the plan during fiscal year 2025. The Company intends to continue offering all of its manufacturing services to customers across Europe, including injection molding and metal 3D printing. These services will be fulfilled through internal manufacturing facilities and a network of manufacturing partners.

Our primary manufacturing product lines currently include Injection Molding, CNC Machining, 3D Printing and Sheet Metal. We continually seek to expand the range of sizes and geometric complexity of the parts we can make with these processes, to extend the variety of materials we are able to support, and to identify additional manufacturing processes to which we can apply our technology or incorporate into our manufacturing network in order to better serve the evolving preferences and needs of our customers. With the addition of the Protolabs Network in 2021, our global network of premium manufacturing partners significantly expands the breadth and depth of our manufacturing capabilities, enabling us to offer customers a wider variety of lead times and pricing options, and an expanded envelope of parts (complexity, size, etc.).

President and Chief Executive Officer Transition

On May 21, 2025, the Company announced that the Company’s board of directors appointed Suresh Krishna to serve as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, effective May 20, 2025 (the “Transition Date”), succeeding Robert

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Bodor, who ceased to be the President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company effective as of May 20, 2025. The board also appointed Mr. Krishna to serve as a director of the Company, filling the vacancy left on the Board by Dr. Bodor’s departure, until the earlier of the Company’s 2026 annual meeting of shareholders and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation, or removal.

Key Financial Measures and Trends

Revenue

Our operations are comprised of two geographic operating segments in the United States and Europe. On October 21, 2024, the Company's board of directors approved a plan related to the Company's manufacturing facilities in Germany. The plan includes the closure of the Company's prototype injection molding manufacturing facility in Eschenlohe, Germany, and the discontinuation of Direct Metal Laser Sintering 3D printing services through its 3D printing facility in Putzbrunn, Germany. The Company expects to substantially complete the plan during fiscal year 2025. The Company intends to continue offering all of its manufacturing services to customers across Europe, including injection molding and metal 3D printing. These services will be fulfilled through internal manufacturing facilities and a network of manufacturing partners.

Revenue is derived from the sale or parts fulfilled through our owned manufacturing factories and worldwide network of premium manufacturing partners. Our product lines consist of Injection Molding, CNC Machining, 3D Printing and Sheet Metal. Injection Molding revenue consists of sales of custom injection molds and injection-molded parts. CNC Machining revenue consists of sales of CNC-machined custom parts. 3D Printing revenue consists of sales of 3D-printed parts. Sheet Metal revenue consists of sales of fabricated sheet metal custom parts. Our revenue is generated from a diverse customer base and our historical and current efforts to increase revenue have been directed at gaining new customers and selling to our existing customer base by increasing marketing and selling activities, including:

•expanding the breadth and scope of our products by adding more sizes and materials to our offerings;

•the introduction of our 3D Printing product line through our acquisition of FineLine in 2014;

•expanding 3D Printing to Europe through our acquisition of Alphaform in 2015;

•the introduction of our Sheet Metal product line through our acquisition of Rapid Manufacturing Group, LLC in 2017;

•continuously improving the usability of our product lines such as our web-centric applications; and

•providing customers with on-demand access to a global network of premium manufacturing partners through our acquisition of Hubs in 2021.

The following table summarizes our unique customer contacts and revenue per customer contact:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenue (in thousands)	$	135,063	$	125,631	$	261,268	$	253,521
Customer contacts	21,775		22,456		33,136		34,338
Revenue per customer contact1	$6,203		$5,595		$7,885		$7,383

1 Revenue per customer contact is calculated using the revenue recognized during the respective period divided by the actual number of customer contacts served during the same period. Customer contacts are product developers, engineers, procurement and supply chain professionals and other individuals who place an order, and that order is shipped and invoiced during the period. The Company believes revenue per customer contact is useful to investors in evaluating the underlying business trends and ongoing operating performance of the Company.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Cost of revenue consists primarily of raw materials, equipment depreciation, employee compensation including benefits and stock-based compensation, facilities costs, overhead allocations associated with the manufacturing process for molds

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and custom parts, and costs to procure parts through our network of premium manufacturing partners. We expect our personnel-related costs to increase in order to retain and attract top talent and remain competitive in the market. Overall, we expect cost of revenue to increase in absolute dollars.

We define gross profit as our revenue less our cost of revenue, and we define gross margin as gross profit expressed as a percentage of revenue. Our gross profit and gross margin are affected by many factors, including our mix of revenue produced in our internal manufacturing operations and outsourced to our external manufacturing partners, pricing, sales volume, manufacturing costs, the costs associated with increasing production capacity, the mix between domestic and foreign revenue sources, the mix of revenue by product line, and foreign currency exchange rates.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses consist of marketing and sales, research and development and general and administrative expenses. Personnel-related costs are the most significant component in each of these categories.

Our business strategy is to continue to be a leading online and technology-enabled manufacturer of quick-turn, on-demand injection-molded, CNC-machined, 3D-printed and fabricated sheet metal custom parts for prototyping and low-volume production. In order to achieve our goals, we anticipate continued substantial investments in technology and personnel, resulting in increased operating expenses in the future.

Marketing and sales. Marketing and sales expense consists primarily of employee compensation, benefits, commissions, stock-based compensation, marketing demand generation costs such as electronic, print and pay-per-click advertising, trade shows and other related overhead. We expect sales and marketing expense to increase in the future as we increase the number of marketing and sales professionals and marketing demand generation costs targeted to increase our customer base and grow revenue.

Research and development. Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel and outside service costs related to the development of new processes and product lines, enhancement of existing product lines, development of software for internal use, maintenance of internally developed software, quality assurance and testing. Costs for internal use software are evaluated by project and capitalized where appropriate under ASC 350-40, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, Internal-Use Software. We expect research and development expense to increase in the future as we seek to enhance our e-commerce interface technology, internal software and supporting business systems, and continue to expand our product lines.

General and administrative. General and administrative expense consists primarily of employee compensation, benefits, stock-based compensation, professional service fees related to accounting, tax and legal, and other related overhead. We expect general and administrative expense to increase in the future as we continue to grow and expand as a global organization.

Costs related to disposal and exit activities. Costs related to disposal and exit activities is driven by our decision to close certain manufacturing facilities in Germany. The expenses consist primarily of operating expenses, including employee severance, write-down of fixed assets and facility-related charges. Benefits may result from adjustments to initial estimates regarding the nature and timing of disposal and exit activities.

Other Income, net

Other income, net primarily consists of foreign currency-related gains and losses and interest income on cash balances and investments. Our foreign currency-related gains and losses will vary depending upon movements in underlying foreign currency exchange rates. Our interest income will vary each reporting period depending on our average cash balances during the period, composition of our marketable security portfolio and the current level of interest rates.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes is comprised of federal, state, local and foreign taxes based on pre-tax income. Overall, our effective tax rate for 2025 and beyond may differ from historical effective tax rates due to increases in losses in foreign operations that are not eligible for tax benefits on account of valuation allowances, as well as any future tax law changes that may impact our effective tax rate.

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Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations and the related changes for the periods indicated. The results below are not necessarily indicative of the results for future periods.

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Change				Six Months Ended June 30,								Change
(dollars in thousands)	2025				2024				$		%		2025				2024				$		%
Revenue	$	135,063	100.0		$	125,631	100.0		$	9,432	7.5		$	261,268	100.0		$	253,521	100.0		$	7,747	3.1
Cost of revenue	75,289		55.7		69,085		55.0		6,204		9.0		145,796		55.8		139,508		55.0		6,288		4.5
Gross profit	59,774		44.3		56,546		45.0		3,228		5.7		115,472		44.2		114,013		45.0		1,459		1.3
Operating expenses
Marketing and sales	24,731		18.3		23,291		18.5		1,440		6.2		48,480		18.6		46,451		18.3		2,029		4.4
Research and development	11,173		8.3		10,661		8.5		512		4.8		21,782		8.3		21,828		8.6		(46)		(0.2)
General and administrative	18,752		13.9		16,595		13.2		2,157		13.0		35,600		13.6		32,908		13.0		2,692		8.2
Costs related to exit and disposal activities	149		0.1		—		—		149		(100.0)		110		—		—		—		110		(100.0)
Total operating expenses	54,805		40.6		50,547		40.2		4,258		8.4		105,972		40.6		101,187		39.9		4,785		4.7
Income from operations	4,969		3.7		5,999		4.8		(1,030)		(17.2)		9,500		3.6		12,826		5.1		(3,326)		(25.9)
Other income, net	1,705		1.3		1,361		1.1		344		25.3		3,159		1.2		2,260		0.9		899		(39.8)
Income before income taxes	6,674		4.9		7,360		5.9		(686)		(9.3)		12,659		4.8		15,086		6.0		(2,427)		(16.1)
Provision for income taxes	2,247		1.7		2,820		2.2		(573)		(20.3)		4,633		1.8		5,278		2.1		(645)		(12.2)
Net income	$	4,427	3.3	%	$	4,540	3.6	%	$	(113)	(2.5)	%	$	8,026	3.1	%	$	9,808	3.9	%	$	(1,782)	(18.2)	%

Stock-based compensation expense included in the statements of operations data above for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Stock options, RSUs and PSUs	$	3,939	$	3,938	$	7,600	$	7,893
Employee stock purchase plan	320		306		651		627
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	4,259	$	4,244	$	8,251	$	8,520
Cost of revenue	$	424	$	468	$	884	$	927
Operating expenses:
Marketing and sales	808		819		1,586		1,651
Research and development	735		667		1,360		1,360
General and administrative	2,292		2,290		4,421		4,582
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	4,259	$	4,244	$	8,251	$	8,520

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Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Revenue

Revenue by reportable segment and the related changes for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2025				2024				Change
(dollars in thousands)	$		% of Total Revenue		$		% of Total Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
United States	$	110,712	82.0	%	$	98,541	78.4	%	$	12,171	12.4	%
Europe	24,351		18.0	%	27,090		21.6	%	(2,739)		(10.1)
Total revenue	$	135,063	100.0	%	$	125,631	100.0	%	$	9,432	7.5	%

Our revenue increased $9.4 million, or 7.5%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The growth in revenue was primarily driven by an increase in average order value for our larger customers in the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. By reportable segment, revenue in the United States increased $12.2 million, or 12.4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Revenue in Europe decreased $2.7 million, or 10.1%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. International revenue was favorably impacted by $1.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 as a result of foreign currency movements, primarily due to the strengthening of the British Pound and Euro relative to the United States Dollar.

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, we served 21,775 unique customer contacts, which is a decrease of 3.0% from the same period in 2024. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, our customer contacts served decreased while our revenue grew. This was primarily due to our mix of customers served in the quarter as compared to the same period in 2024 and our strategic focus to earn larger orders from our customers as we strive to be their supplier of choice by serving their custom parts needs through the comprehensive offer of our factory and the Protolabs Network. Our revenue per customer contact grew 10.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Revenue by product line and the related changes for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2025				2024				Change
(dollars in thousands)	$		% of Total Revenue		$		% of Total Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
Injection Molding	$	47,415	35.1	%	$	49,080	39.1	%	$	(1,665)	(3.4)	%
CNC Machining	61,945		45.9	%	51,239		40.8	%	10,706		20.9
3D Printing	21,215		15.7	%	21,281		16.9	%	(66)		(0.3)
Sheet Metal	4,303		3.2	%	3,922		3.1	%	381		9.7
Other Revenue	185		0.1	%	109		0.1	%	76		69.7
Total Revenue	$	135,063	100.0	%	$	125,631	100.0	%	$	9,432	7.5	%

By product line, our revenue increase was driven by a 20.9% increase in CNC Machining revenue, a 9.7% increase in Sheet Metal revenue and a 69.7% increase in Other Revenue, partially offset by a 3.4% decrease in Injection Molding

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revenue and a 0.3% decrease in 3D Printing revenue, in each case for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue increased $6.2 million, or 9.0%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, while revenue increased 7.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase in the cost of revenue of $6.2 million was primarily driven by higher revenue volumes resulting in increases of $4.0 million in raw material and production and fulfillment related costs, and $2.4 million in personnel and related costs, primarily due to overtime, medical related costs and incentive compensation, during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, partially offset by decreases in equipment and facility-related costs of $0.2 million.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin. Gross profit increased $3.2 million, or 5.7%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Gross margin decreased from 45.0% in the three months ended June 30, 2024 to 44.3% in the three months ended June 30, 2025.

Operating Expenses, Other Income, net and Provision for Income Taxes

Marketing and Sales. Our marketing and sales expenses increased $1.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to increases in personnel and related costs of $1.4 million, primarily due to merit increases and incentive compensation related to commissions.

Research and Development. Our research and development expenses increased $0.5 million, or 4.8%, during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to increases in personnel and related costs of $0.8 million, primarily due to incentive compensation and contract labor, partially offset by decreases of $0.2 million in operating costs and $0.1 million in professional services.

General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses increased $2.2 million, or 13.0%, during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to increases of $1.8 million in personnel and related costs, primarily related to the previously disclosed CEO transition that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2025, $0.2 million in administrative costs and $0.2 million in professional services.

Costs related to exit and disposal. Our decision to exit and close certain operations in Germany resulted in a $0.2 million expense related to the write-down of fixed assets and $0.1 million in personnel and related cost benefits during the three months ended June 30, 2025. These items are the result of changes from the estimated amounts accrued in 2024 and the timing of employee separation payments. We had no costs related to exit and disposal activities during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Other income, net. We recognized other income, net of $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, an increase of $0.3 million compared to other income, net of $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Other income, net for the three months ended June 30, 2025 primarily consisted of $1.1 million in interest income on investments, $0.5 million of foreign currency gains and $0.1 million of other income. Other income, net for the three months ended June 30, 2024 primarily consisted of $1.5 million in interest income on investments and other income, partially offset by $0.1 million of foreign currency losses.

Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate of 33.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 decreased 4.6% compared to 38.3% for the same period in 2024. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily due to a decrease in tax expense from the vesting of restricted stock units and the exercise of stock options. Our income tax provision of $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 decreased $0.6 million as compared to our income tax provision of $2.8 million for the same period in 2024.

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Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Revenue

Revenue by reportable segment and the related changes for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025				2024				Change
(dollars in thousands)	$		% of Total Revenue		$		% of Total Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
United States	$	210,979	80.8	%	$	200,022	78.9	%	$	10,957	5.5	%
Europe	50,289		19.3	%	53,499		21.1	%	(3,210)		(6.0)
Total revenue	$	261,268	100.0	%	$	253,521	100.0	%	$	7,747	3.1	%

Our revenue increased $7.7 million, or 3.1%, for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. By reportable segment, revenue in the United States increased $11.0 million, or 5.5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Revenue in Europe decreased $3.2 million, or 6.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. International revenue was favorable impacted by $0.9 million during six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 as a result of foreign currency movements, primarily the strengthening of the British Pound and Euro relative to the United States Dollar.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we served 33,136 unique product developers and engineers, a decrease of 3.5% from the same period in 2024. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, our customer contacts served decreased while our revenue grew. This was primarily due to our mix of customers served during the six months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024 and our strategic focus to earn larger orders from our customers as we strive to be their supplier of choice by serving their custom parts needs through the comprehensive offer of our factory and the Protolabs Network. Our revenue per customer contact grew 6.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Revenue by product line and the related changes for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025				2024				Change
(dollars in thousands)	$		% of Total Revenue		$		% of Total Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
Injection Molding	$	96,138	36.8	%	$	101,743	40.1	%	$	(5,605)	(5.5)	%
CNC Machining	114,788		43.9		101,171		39.9		13,617		13.5
3D Printing	41,409		15.8		42,863		16.9		(1,454)		(3.4)
Sheet Metal	8,514		3.3		7,475		3.0		1,039		13.9
Other Revenue	419		0.2		269		0.1		150		55.8
Total Revenue	$	261,268	100.0	%	$	253,521	100.0	%	$	7,747	3.1	%

By product line, our revenue increase was driven by a 13.5% increase in CNC Machining revenue, a 13.9% increase in Sheet Metal revenue and a 55.8% increase in Other Revenue, partially offset by a 5.5% decrease in Injection Molding revenue and a 3.4% decrease in 3D Printing revenue in each case for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue increased $6.3 million, or 4.5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, which was higher than the rate of revenue increase of 3.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2025

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compared to the same period in 2024. The increase in cost of revenue of $6.3 million was primarily driven by higher revenue volumes resulting in increases of $4.1 million in raw material and production and fulfillment related costs and $2.7 million in personnel and related costs, primarily due to overtime, medical related costs and incentive compensation, during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, partially offset by decreases in equipment and facility-related costs of $0.5 million.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin. Gross profit increased from $114.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $115.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2025. Gross margin decreased from 45.0% in the six months ended June 30, 2024 to 44.2% in the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Operating Expenses, Other Income, net and Provision for Income Taxes

Marketing and Sales. Our Marketing and sales expenses increased $2.0 million, or 4.4%, during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The increase was driven by increases in personnel and related costs of $1.8 million, primarily due to merit increases and incentive compensation related to commissions, and marketing program cost increases of $0.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024.

Research and Development. Our research and development expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 were flat primarily due to personnel and related cost increases of $0.4 million, primarily related to incentive compensation, being offset by decreases of $0.2 million in operating costs and $0.2 million in professional services.

General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses increased $2.7 million, or 8.2%, during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to increases of $1.5 million in personnel and related costs, primarily related to the previously disclosed CEO transition that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2025, $1.2 million in administrative costs and $0.2 million in professional services, partially offset by decreases of $0.1 million in stock-based compensation and $0.1 million intangible amortization costs.

Costs related to exit and disposal. Our decision to exit and close certain operations in Germany resulted in a $0.2 million expense related to the write-down of fixed assets and $0.1 million in personnel and related cost benefits during the six months ended June 30, 2025. These items are the result of changes from the estimated amounts accrued in 2024 and the timing of employee separation payments. We had no costs related to exit and disposal activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Other loss, net. We recognized other income, net of $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, an increase of $0.9 million compared to other income, net of $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. Other income, net for the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily consisted of $2.3 million in interest income on investments, $0.5 million of foreign currency gains and $0.4 million of other income. Other income, net for the six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily consisted of $2.6 million in interest income on investments and other income, partially offset by a $0.3 million of foreign currency losses.

Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate of 36.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 increased 1.6% compared to 35.0% for the same period in 2024. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily due to an increase in losses in jurisdictions that are not eligible for tax benefits due to valuation allowances. Our income tax provision of $4.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased $0.6 million compared to our income tax provision of $5.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	28,963	$	35,781
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(3,552)		3,665
Net cash used in financing activities	(25,169)		(26,912)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1,069		(175)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	1,311	$	12,359

Sources of Liquidity

Historically, we have primarily financed our operations and capital expenditures through cash flow from operations. We had cash and cash equivalents of $90.4 million as of June 30, 2025, an increase of $1.3 million from December 31, 2024. The increase in our cash was primarily due to cash provided by operating activities of $29.0 million and proceeds from call redemptions and maturities of marketable securities of $10.2 million, partially offset by $24.0 million in repurchases of common stock, $11.1 million for purchases of marketable securities and $2.7 million for purchases of property, equipment and other capital assets.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents together with cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flows from operating activities were $29.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and primarily consisted of net income of $8.0 million, adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization of $17.3 million, stock-based compensation expense of $8.3 million and an impairments on a leased facility and fixed assets of $0.4 million, which were partially offset by deferred taxes of $4.0 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities and other items totaling $1.0 million. Cash flows from operating activities were $35.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and primarily consisted of net income of $9.8 million, adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization of $18.1 million, stock-based compensation expense of $8.5 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities and other items totaling $3.5 million, which were partially offset by deferred taxes of $4.1 million.

Cash flows from operating activities decreased $6.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to changes in operating assets and liabilities and other items totaling $4.5 million, decreases in net income of $1.8 million, decreases in depreciation and amortization of $0.8 million, decreases in stock-based compensation of $0.3 million, which were partially offset by increases in other property and equipment adjustments of $0.4 million and deferred taxes of $0.2 million.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $3.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, consisting of $2.7 million for net purchases of property, equipment and other capital assets and $0.8 million of purchases of marketable securities, net of proceeds from call redemptions and maturities.

Cash provided by investing activities was $3.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024, consisting of $10.4 million in proceeds from call redemptions and maturities of marketable securities, which were partially offset by $6.7 million for net purchases of property, equipment and other capital assets.

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Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $25.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, consisting of $24.0 million in repurchases of common stock, $3.1 million in purchases of shares withheld for tax obligations associated with equity transactions and $0.2 million for repayments of finance lease obligations, which were partially offset by $2.1 million in proceeds related to equity plans.

Cash used in financing activities was $26.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024, consisting of $26.9 million in repurchases of common stock, $1.9 million in purchases of shares withheld for tax obligations associated with equity transactions and $0.2 million for repayments of finance lease obligations, which were partially offset by $2.1 million in proceeds from issuance of common stock from equity plans.

Critical Accounting Estimates

We have adopted various accounting policies to prepare the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgements and assumptions. Our significant accounting policies and estimates are disclosed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There were no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information on recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing in Part I, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Foreign Currency Risk

As a result of our foreign operations, we have revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies. We generate revenue and incur production and sourcing costs and operating expenses in British Pounds and Euros.

Our operating results and cash flows are adversely impacted when the United States Dollar appreciates relative to foreign currencies. Additionally, our operating results and cash flows are adversely impacted when the British Pound appreciates relative to the Euro. As we expand internationally, our results of operations and cash flows will become increasingly subject to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

We have not used forward contracts or currency borrowings to hedge our exposure to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency risk can be assessed by estimating the change in results of operations or financial position resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in foreign exchange rates. We believe such a change would generally not have a material impact on our financial position, but could have a material impact on our results of operations. We recognized foreign currency gains of $0.5 million and foreign currency losses of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We recognized foreign currency gains of $0.5 million and foreign currency losses of $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The changes in foreign exchange rates had a favorable impact on consolidated revenue of $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and a favorable impact on consolidated revenue of $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective and provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and within the time frames specified in the

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SEC’s rules and forms and accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business activities. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, as of the date of these financial statements, we do not believe we are party to any litigation the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate be reasonably expected to have a material adverse effect on our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 includes a discussion of our risk factors. There have been no material changes from the risk factors described in our Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On February 4, 2025, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program (the February 2025 Program). The February 2025 Program is open-ended and authorizes repurchases of shares of our common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated purchases, with a total stock repurchase authorized of up to $100 million. We have $76.0 million remaining under this authorization. The February 2025 Program does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of shares of our common stock and remains in effect until the total authorized amount is expended or until further action by our board of directors. The actual timing, manner, number and value of shares repurchased under the February 2025 Program will be determined by our management in its discretion and will depend on several factors, including the market price of the Company's common stock, general market and economic conditions, applicable requirements, and other considerations.

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, we repurchased 75,432 shares of our common stock at a total purchase price of $3.1 million under this program. Common stock repurchase activity through June 30, 2025 was as follows:

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)
April 1, 2025 through April 30, 2025	—	$	—	—	$	79,125
May 1, 2025 through May 31, 2025	75,432	$	40.97	75,432	$	76,035
June 1, 2025 through June 30, 2025	—	$	—	—	$	76,035
	75,432	$	40.97	75,432	$	76,035

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

No matters to disclose.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

No matters to disclose.

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Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

Item 6. Exhibits

The following documents are filed or furnished, as applicable, as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:

Exhibit Number	Description of Exhibit
3.1	Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Proto Labs, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A, filed on February 13, 2012).
3.2	Articles of Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Proto Labs, Inc. dated May 20, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on May 21, 2015).
3.3	Third Amended and Restated By-Laws of Proto Labs, Inc., as amended through November 15, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed on November 15, 2022).
10.1	Executive Employment Agreement, dated May 20, 2025, by and between Proto Labs, Inc. and Suresh Krishna (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed on May 21, 2025).
10.2	Consulting Agreement, dated May 20, 2025, by and between Proto Labs, Inc. and Robert Bodor (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed on May 21, 2025).
10.3	Consulting Agreement, dated May 28, 2025, by and between Proto Labs, Inc. and Robert Bodor (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2025).
10.4	Amended and Restated Proto Labs, Inc. 2022 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended May 20, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed on May 21, 2025).
31.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
31.2	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act*
32.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act**
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document (the Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)*
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)*

*Filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Proto Labs, Inc.
Date: July 31, 2025	/s/ Suresh Krishna
	Suresh Krishna
	President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: July 31, 2025	/s/ Daniel Schumacher
	Daniel Schumacher
	Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

30

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OR 15d-14(a) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Suresh Krishna, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Proto Labs, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: July 31, 2025	By:	/s/ Suresh Krishna
		Suresh Krishna
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OR 15d-14(a) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Daniel Schumacher, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Proto Labs, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: July 31, 2025	By:	/s/ Daniel Schumacher
		Daniel Schumacher
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Suresh Krishna, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report of Proto Labs, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2025 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Proto Labs, Inc.

Date: July 31, 2025	By:	/s/ Suresh Krishna
	Name:	Suresh Krishna
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer

I, Daniel Schumacher, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report of Proto Labs, Inc. on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2025 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of Proto Labs, Inc.

Date: July 31, 2025	By:	/s/ Daniel Schumacher
	Name:	Daniel Schumacher
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer

XML

Cover - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jul. 29, 2025
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2025
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-35435
Entity Registrant Name	Proto Labs, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MN
Entity Tax Identification Number	41-1939628
Entity Address, Address Line One	5540 Pioneer Creek Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Maple Plain
Entity Address, State or Province	MN
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	55359
City Area Code	763
Local Phone Number	479-3680
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 Per Share
Trading Symbol	PRLB
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		23,874,757
Entity Central Index Key	0001443669
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 90,382	$ 89,071
Short-term marketable securities	12,804	14,019
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,272 and $1,975 as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively	78,011	66,504
Inventory	13,169	12,305
Income taxes receivable	1,155	2,906
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,985	10,049
Total current assets	205,506	194,854
Property and equipment, net	215,777	227,263
Goodwill	273,991	273,991
Other intangible assets, net	20,500	21,422
Long-term marketable securities	20,037	17,773
Operating lease assets	2,308	2,993
Finance lease assets	558	692
Other long-term assets	4,575	4,524
Total assets	743,252	743,512
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	15,583	15,504
Accrued compensation	19,435	16,550
Accrued liabilities and other	25,846	19,621
Current operating lease liabilities	984	1,287
Current finance lease liabilities	316	309
Total current liabilities	62,164	53,271
Long-term operating lease liabilities	1,402	1,633
Long-term finance lease liabilities	127	287
Long-term deferred tax liabilities	9,737	13,565
Other long-term liabilities	5,115	4,605
Total liabilities	78,545	73,361
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 0 shares as of each of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024	0	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 23,874,601 and 24,226,088 shares as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively	23	24
Additional paid-in capital	449,903	453,705
Retained earnings	239,344	244,406
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(24,563)	(27,984)
Total shareholders' equity	664,707	670,151
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 743,252	$ 743,512

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for credit loss, current	$ 2,272	$ 1,975
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	150,000,000	150,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	23,874,601	24,226,088
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	23,874,601	24,226,088

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Statements of Operations:
Revenue	$ 135,063	$ 125,631	$ 261,268	$ 253,521
Cost of revenue	75,289	69,085	145,796	139,508
Gross profit	59,774	56,546	115,472	114,013
Operating expenses
Marketing and sales	24,731	23,291	48,480	46,451
Research and development	11,173	10,661	21,782	21,828
General and administrative	18,752	16,595	35,600	32,908
Costs related to exit and disposal activities	149	0	110	0
Total operating expenses	54,805	50,547	105,972	101,187
Income from operations	4,969	5,999	9,500	12,826
Other income, net	1,705	1,361	3,159	2,260
Income before income taxes	6,674	7,360	12,659	15,086
Provision for income taxes	2,247	2,820	4,633	5,278
Net income	$ 4,427	$ 4,540	$ 8,026	$ 9,808
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.19	$ 0.18	$ 0.33	$ 0.39
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.18	$ 0.18	$ 0.33	$ 0.38
Shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic (in shares)	23,900,390	25,313,036	24,018,119	25,473,937
Diluted (in shares)	24,101,592	25,372,972	24,291,246	25,573,344
Comprehensive Income (net of tax)
Comprehensive income	$ 6,755	$ 3,953	$ 11,447	$ 8,389

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Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		25,721,957
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 695,295,000	$ 26,000	$ 466,884,000	$ 256,398,000	$ (28,013,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations (in shares)		29,974
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	(533,000)		(533,000)
Stock-based compensation expense	4,276,000		4,276,000
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)		(435,861)
Repurchases of common stock	(16,164,000)		(7,912,000)	(8,252,000)
Net income	5,268,000			5,268,000
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(925,000)				(925,000)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	93,000				93,000
Comprehensive income	4,436,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		25,316,070
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	687,310,000	$ 26,000	462,715,000	253,414,000	(28,845,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		25,721,957
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	695,295,000	$ 26,000	466,884,000	256,398,000	(28,013,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	9,808,000
Other comprehensive income
Comprehensive income	8,389,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		25,147,616
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2024	685,236,000	$ 26,000	461,400,000	253,242,000	(29,432,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		25,316,070
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2024	687,310,000	$ 26,000	462,715,000	253,414,000	(28,845,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations (in shares)		176,780
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	707,000		707,000
Stock-based compensation expense	4,244,000		4,244,000
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)		(345,234)
Repurchases of common stock	(10,978,000)		(6,266,000)	(4,712,000)
Net income	4,540,000			4,540,000
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(678,000)				(678,000)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	91,000				91,000
Comprehensive income	3,953,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		25,147,616
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 685,236,000	$ 26,000	461,400,000	253,242,000	(29,432,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	24,226,088	24,226,088
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 670,151,000	$ 24,000	453,705,000	244,406,000	(27,984,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations (in shares)		58,291
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	(961,000)		(961,000)
Stock-based compensation expense	3,992,000		3,992,000
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)		(513,739)
Repurchases of common stock	(21,073,000)	$ (1,000)	(9,621,000)	(11,451,000)
Net income	3,599,000			3,599,000
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	1,003,000				1,003,000
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	90,000				90,000
Comprehensive income	4,692,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025		23,770,640
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2025	$ 656,801,000	$ 23,000	447,115,000	236,554,000	(26,891,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	24,226,088	24,226,088
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 670,151,000	$ 24,000	453,705,000	244,406,000	(27,984,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	8,026,000
Other comprehensive income
Comprehensive income	$ 11,447,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2025	23,874,601	23,874,601
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2025	$ 664,707,000	$ 23,000	449,903,000	239,344,000	(24,563,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025		23,770,640
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2025	656,801,000	$ 23,000	447,115,000	236,554,000	(26,891,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations (in shares)		179,393
Common shares issued on exercise of options and other, net of shares withheld for tax obligations	(58,000)		(58,000)
Stock-based compensation expense	4,259,000		4,259,000
Repurchases of common stock (in shares)		(75,432)
Repurchases of common stock	(3,050,000)		(1,413,000)	(1,637,000)
Net income	4,427,000			4,427,000
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment	2,300,000				2,300,000
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities	28,000				28,000
Comprehensive income	$ 6,755,000
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2025	23,874,601	23,874,601
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2025	$ 664,707,000	$ 23,000	$ 449,903,000	$ 239,344,000	$ (24,563,000)

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Operating activities
Net income	$ 8,026	$ 9,808
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,264	18,075
Stock-based compensation expense	8,251	8,520
Deferred taxes	(3,985)	(4,144)
Interest on finance lease obligations	11	18
Impairments related to exit and closure of facilities	448	0
Gain on disposal of property and equipment	0	(20)
Other	(82)	64
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(9,487)	113
Inventories	(983)	1,263
Prepaid expenses and other	338	(829)
Income taxes	1,836	825
Accounts payable	(654)	537
Accrued liabilities and other	7,980	1,551
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,963	35,781
Investing activities
Purchases of property, equipment and other capital assets	(2,730)	(6,784)
Proceeds from sales of property, equipment and other capital assets	0	30
Purchases of marketable securities	(11,052)	0
Proceeds from call redemptions and maturities of marketable securities	10,230	10,419
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(3,552)	3,665
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from equity plans	2,081	2,094
Purchases of shares withheld for tax obligations	(3,117)	(1,920)
Repurchases of common stock	(23,980)	(26,940)
Principal repayments of finance lease obligations	(153)	(146)
Net cash used in financing activities	(25,169)	(26,912)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1,069	(175)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	1,311	12,359
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	89,071	83,790
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$ 90,382	$ 96,149

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Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements of Proto Labs, Inc. (Protolabs, the Company, we, us or our) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s statements of financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, these adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year as a whole.

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. For further information, refer to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 21, 2025.

The accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024 was derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for a full set of financial statements. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2025 as referenced above.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not recently adopt any accounting pronouncements that had a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, that enhances the transparency of income tax disclosures by expanding annual disclosure requirements related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The Company is required to adopt this guidance for its annual year ending December 31, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity's expenses, primarily through additional disaggregation of income statement expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2024-03 to determine the impact on the Company's disclosures.

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Net Income per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income per Common Share

Net Income per Common Share

Basic net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, increased by the number of additional shares that would have been outstanding had potentially dilutive common shares been issued and reduced by the number of shares the Company could have repurchased from the proceeds from issuance of the potentially dilutive shares. Potentially dilutive shares of common stock include stock options and other stock-based awards granted under stock-based compensation plans and shares committed to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan. Performance stock units are excluded from the calculation of dilutive potential common shares until the performance conditions have been satisfied. Anti-dilutive options were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding and were 459,386 and 452,239 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 446,174 and 371,313 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	4,427	$	4,540	$	8,026	$	9,808
Basic - weighted-average shares outstanding:	23,900,390		25,313,036		24,018,119		25,473,937
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options and other	201,202		59,936		273,127		99,407
Diluted - weighted-average shares outstanding:	24,101,592		25,372,972		24,291,246		25,573,344
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.39
Diluted	$	0.18	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.38

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

There were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

Intangible assets other than goodwill at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024						Useful Life (in years)	Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)
(in thousands)	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Non-compete agreement	$	851	$	(786)	$	65	$	819	$	(703)	$	116	2.0 - 5.0	0.4
Software technology	13,229		(9,808)		3,421		13,229		(9,123)		4,106		10.0	2.5
Software platform	27,135		(10,121)		17,014		25,657		(8,457)		17,200		12.0	7.6
Total intangible assets	$	41,215	$	(20,715)	$	20,500	$	39,705	$	(18,283)	$	21,422

Intangible assets allocated to the Protolabs Network entities consisted of intangible assets of €11.6 million in Europe and $16.6 million in the United States as of the date of the acquisition. The Euro denominated intangible assets are translated at the end of each period using the current exchange rates resulting in a foreign currency translation adjustment that is recorded as a component of Other Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency unrealized losses related to intangible assets were $0.5 million and $2.2 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $0.9 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and $1.8 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Estimated aggregated amortization expense based on the current carrying value of the amortizable intangible assets and current exchange rates is as follows:

(in thousands)	Estimated Amortization Expense
Remaining 2025	$	1,862
2026	3,622
2027	3,613
2028	2,244
2029	2,244
Thereafter	6,915
Total estimated amortization expense	$	20,500

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting Standards Codification, Fair Value Measurement (ASC 820), defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires classification based on observable and unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company's assets and liabilities that are required to be measured or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis include cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company’s cash consists of bank deposits and cash equivalents consist primarily of money market mutual funds. The Company determines the fair value of these investments using Level 1 inputs. The Company's marketable securities consist of short-term and long-term agency, municipal, corporate and other debt securities. Fair value for the corporate debt securities is primarily determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Fair values for the U.S. municipal securities, U.S. government agency securities, certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities are primarily determined using dealer quotes or quoted market prices for similar securities (Level 2).

The following table summarizes financial assets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets:
Cash	$	82,748	$	—	$	—	$	86,366	$	—	$	—
Money market mutual fund	7,634		—		—		2,705		—		—
Marketable securities	16,270		16,571		—		17,261		14,531		—
Total	$	106,652	$	16,571	$	—	$	106,332	$	14,531	$	—

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Marketable Securities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

The Company invests in short-term and long-term agency, municipal, corporate and other debt securities. The securities are categorized as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s short-term and long-term marketable securities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	June 30, 2025
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	1,000	$	3	$	—	$	1,003
Corporate debt securities	15,914		2		(27)		15,889
U.S. municipal securities	8,954		17		(8)		8,963
U.S. treasury bonds	7,000		1		(15)		6,986
Total marketable securities	$	32,868	$	23	$	(50)	$	32,841

	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	8,323	$	—	$	(22)	$	8,301
Corporate debt securities	15,852		—		(82)		15,770
U.S. municipal securities	6,762		—		(38)		6,724
U.S. treasury bonds	1,000		—		(3)		997
Total marketable securities	$	31,937	$	—	$	(145)	$	31,792

Fair values for the corporate debt securities are primarily determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Fair values for the U.S. municipal securities, U.S. government agency securities, certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities are primarily determined using dealer quotes or quoted market prices for similar securities (Level 2).

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is based upon the security’s maturity date as of the date of these financial statements.

The June 30, 2025 balance of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity is shown in the following table at fair value. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025
Due in one year or less	$	12,804
Due after one year through five years	20,037
Total marketable securities	$	32,841

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Inventory

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventory

Inventory

Inventory consists primarily of raw materials, which are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value using the standard cost method, which approximates first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for slow-moving, damaged and discontinued items and provides allowances to reduce such items identified to their recoverable amounts.

The Company’s inventory consisted of the following as of the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total inventory	$	13,886	$	12,989
Allowance for obsolescence	(717)		(684)
Inventory, net of allowance	$	13,169	$	12,305

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Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

On July 8, 2022, the board of directors approved the Proto Labs, Inc. 2022 Long-Term Incentive Plan, which was approved by the Company's shareholders at a Special Meeting of Shareholders on August 29, 2022, and subsequently amended and restated by the Company's shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 23, 2024 (as amended and restated, and subsequently further amended, the 2022 Plan) to increase the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2022 Plan by an additional 430,000 shares, add a minimum vesting requirement, and extend the expiration date so that the term of the 2022 Plan runs for ten years from the date of the shareholder approval. On May 20, 2025, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2022 Plan by an additional 296,000 shares. Under the 2022 Plan, the Company has the ability to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash incentive awards. Awards under the 2022 Plan have a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant. The compensation and talent committee may provide that the vesting or payment of any award will be subject to the attainment of specified performance measures in addition to the satisfaction of any continued service requirements and the compensation and talent committee will determine whether such measures have been achieved. The per-share exercise price of stock options and SARs granted under the 2022 Plan generally may not be less than the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of the grant.

The Company also has outstanding awards under the 2012 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (the 2012 Plan), although the plan expired in February 2022 and no additional awards have since been or will be made under the 2012 Plan. The 2012 Plan provided the Company the ability to grant stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash incentive awards. Awards under the 2012 Plan that subsequently expired, were forfeited or cancelled, or settled in cash after August 29, 2022 became available for awards under the 2022 Plan.

On May 23, 2025, the Company granted one-time inducement awards (the "Inducement Awards") within the meaning of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual Section 303A.08 to the Company's incoming Chief Executive Officer. The Inducement Awards were not granted under the 2022 Plan, but have the same terms and conditions as equity awards granted under the 2022 Plan, except as otherwise provided in the award agreements.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company’s 2012 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) allows eligible employees to purchase a variable number of shares of the Company’s common stock each offering period at a discount through payroll deductions of up to 15 percent of their eligible compensation, subject to plan limitations. The ESPP provides for six-month offering periods with a single purchase period ending May 15 and November 15, respectively. At the end of each offering period, employees are able to purchase shares at 85 percent of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first trading day of the offering period or on the last trading day of the offering period.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense was $4.3 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $8.3 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Stock Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at December 31, 2024	445,136	$	51.34
Granted	139,872	39.32
Exercised	(8,762)	33.77
Forfeited	(93,350)	37.31
Expired	(16,354)	87.74
Options outstanding at June 30, 2025	466,542	$	49.60
Exercisable at June 30, 2025	254,268	$	60.44

The outstanding options generally have a term of ten years. For employees, options granted become exercisable ratably over the vesting period, which is generally a period of four years, beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to the employee’s continuing service to the Company.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options that were granted during the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $21.81.

The following table provides the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model valuation of options during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.13% - 4.17%	4.28% - 4.30%
Expected life (years)	6.25	6.25
Expected volatility	52.12% - 52.99%	50.62% - 50.72%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

As of June 30, 2025, there was $3.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.1 years.

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock unit (RSU) awards are share-settled awards and restrictions lapse ratably over the vesting period, which is generally a period from three to four years, beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to the employee's continuing service to the Company. For the board of directors, restrictions generally lapse in full on the first anniversary of the grant date.

The following table summarizes restricted stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Restricted stock units at December 31, 2024	763,261	$	38.25
Granted	278,500	39.95
Restrictions lapsed	(212,421)	40.55
Forfeited	(85,562)	36.57
Restricted stock units at June 30, 2025	743,778	$	38.42

As of June 30, 2025, there was $21.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

Performance Stock Units

Performance stock units (PSUs) are expressed in terms of a target number of PSUs, with anywhere between 0 percent and 200 percent of that target number capable of being earned and vesting at the end of a three-year performance period depending on the Company’s performance in the final year of the performance period and the award recipient’s continued employment. The Company’s PSUs are based on market conditions and the related compensation cost is based on the fair value at grant date calculated using a Monte Carlo pricing model.

The following table summarizes performance stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Performance stock units at December 31, 2024	180,173	$	60.75
Granted1	153,503	59.71
Restrictions lapsed	(32,977)	96.41
Performance change	—	—
Forfeited	(68,887)	57
Performance stock units at June 30, 2025	231,812	$	56.17
1 Includes a target number of 54,320 PSUs granted as part of the May 23, 2025, Inducement Awards, 27,160 of which have the same market condition as the PSUs granted under the 2022 Plan as described above, and 27,160 of which also include a performance condition with anywhere between 0 percent and 100 percent of the target number capable of being achieved during two six-month performance periods and then anywhere between 0 percent and 200 percent of such achieved PSUs capable of being earned and vesting during a three-year performance period depending on the Company's performance in the final year of the performance period and the award recipient's continued employment.

The following table provides the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo pricing model valuation of PSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	3.98% - 4.08%	4.37%
Expected life (years)	2.61 - 2.85	2.88
Expected volatility	52.40% - 53.20%	51.40%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

As of June 30, 2025, there was $8.6 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested performance stock units, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table presents the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the ESPP during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.29%	5.07% - 5.16%
Expected life (months)	6.00	6.00
Expected volatility	65.60%	30.97% - 47.92%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Regulated Operations [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments and net unrealized gains (losses) on investments in securities.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	(26,891)	$	(28,845)	$	(27,984)	$	(28,013)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	28		91		118		184
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income	28		91		118		184
Balance at end of period	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income tax in multiple jurisdictions and the use of estimates is required to determine the provision for income taxes. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $2.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $4.6 million and $5.3 million, respectively. The income tax provision is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate for the year applied to pre-tax income. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was 33.7 percent compared to 38.3 percent in the same period of the prior year. The effective tax rate decreased by 4.6 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to a decrease in tax expense from the vesting of restricted stock units and the exercise of stock options. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was 36.6 percent compared to 35.0 percent in the same period of the prior year. The effective tax rate increased by 1.6 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to an increase in losses in jurisdictions that are not eligible for tax benefits due to valuation allowances.

The effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to various factors, including operating in multiple state and foreign jurisdictions partially offset by tax credits for which the Company qualifies.

The Company had unrecognized tax benefits totaling $3.7 million as of June 30, 2025 and $3.4 million as of December 31, 2024, respectively, that if recognized would result in a reduction of the Company’s effective tax rate. The liabilities are classified as other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense and reports the liability in current or long-term income taxes payable as appropriate.

On July 4, 2025, the U.S. enacted H.R. 1 "A bill to provide for reconciliation pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14", commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA). Changes in tax laws may affect recorded deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities and our effective tax rate in the future and we continue to evaluate the impacts the new legislation will have on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result of the enactment of H.R. 1, we anticipate an impact to the deferred tax liability and the income tax payable related to the provisions for 100% bonus depreciation for assets placed in service after January 19, 2025 and full expensing of domestic research and experimental expenditures. We do not expect any material change to our ongoing tax rate as a result of this legislation.

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Segment Reporting

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable segments are based on the internal reporting used by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (CODM), to assess operating performance and make decisions about the allocation of resources. The Company’s reportable segments are based upon geographic region, consisting of the United States and Europe. The Corporate Unallocated category includes non-reportable segments, as well as research and development and general and administrative costs that the Company does not allocate directly to its operating segments.

Intercompany transactions primarily relate to intercontinental activity and have been eliminated and are excluded from the reported amounts. The difference between income from operations and pre-tax income relates to foreign currency-related gains and losses and interest income on cash balances and investments, which are not allocated to business segments.

The following table summarizes selected financial information by reportable segments:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	110,712	$	24,351	$	—	$	135,063
Segment expenses1	83,025		29,170		17,750		129,945
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		149		—		149
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	27,687	$	(4,968)	$	(17,750)	$	4,969

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	98,541	$	27,090	$	—	$	125,631
Segment expenses1	74,300		28,822		16,510		119,632
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	24,241	$	(1,732)	$	(16,510)	$	5,999

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	210,979	$	50,289	$	—	$	261,268
Segment expenses1	157,795		58,970		34,893		251,658
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		110		—		110
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	53,184	$	(8,791)	$	(34,893)	$	9,500

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	200,022	$	53,499	$	—	$	253,521
Segment expenses1	149,449		57,675		33,571		240,695
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	50,573	$	(4,176)	$	(33,571)	$	12,826

1 Segment expenses consist primarily of raw materials, equipment depreciation, employee compensation including benefits, commissions and stock-based compensation, facilities costs and overhead allocations associated with the manufacturing process for molds and custom parts, marketing programs such as electronic, print and pay-per-click advertising and trade shows and other related costs for our United States and Europe reportable segments. Segment expenses for our Corporate Unallocated reportable segment consist primarily of personnel and outside service costs related to the development of new processes and product lines, enhancements of existing product

lines, software developed for internal use, maintenance of internally developed software, quality assurance and testing, employee compensation including benefits and stock-based compensation, severance, professional service fees related to accounting, tax and legal, and other related overhead costs.

Total long-lived assets, expenditures for additions to long-lived assets, and depreciation and amortization expense were as follows:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total long-lived assets:
United States	$	171,170	$	181,291
Europe	44,607		45,972
Total Long-lived Assets	$	215,777	$	227,263

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Expenditures for additions to long-lived assets:
United States	$	1,125	$	3,532	$	2,293	$	4,366
Europe	343		665		437		2,418
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	$	1,468	$	4,197	$	2,730	$	6,784

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Depreciation and Amortization:
United States	$	7,003	$	7,186	$	14,012	$	14,511
Europe	1,484		1,732		3,090		3,476
Corporate Unallocated	83		54		$	162	$	88
Total depreciation and amortization	$	8,570	$	8,972	$	17,264	$	18,075

Revenue by product line the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenue:
Injection Molding	$	47,415	$	49,080	$	96,138	$	101,743
CNC Machining	61,945		51,239		114,788		101,171
3D Printing	21,215		21,281		41,409		42,863
Sheet Metal	4,303		3,922		8,514		7,475
Other Revenue	185		109		419		269
Total Revenue	$	135,063	$	125,631	$	261,268	$	253,521

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 4,427	$ 3,599	$ 4,540	$ 5,268	$ 8,026	$ 9,808

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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Net Income per Common Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	4,427	$	4,540	$	8,026	$	9,808
Basic - weighted-average shares outstanding:	23,900,390		25,313,036		24,018,119		25,473,937
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options and other	201,202		59,936		273,127		99,407
Diluted - weighted-average shares outstanding:	24,101,592		25,372,972		24,291,246		25,573,344
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.39
Diluted	$	0.18	$	0.18	$	0.33	$	0.38

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Intangible assets other than goodwill at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024						Useful Life (in years)	Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)
(in thousands)	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Non-compete agreement	$	851	$	(786)	$	65	$	819	$	(703)	$	116	2.0 - 5.0	0.4
Software technology	13,229		(9,808)		3,421		13,229		(9,123)		4,106		10.0	2.5
Software platform	27,135		(10,121)		17,014		25,657		(8,457)		17,200		12.0	7.6
Total intangible assets	$	41,215	$	(20,715)	$	20,500	$	39,705	$	(18,283)	$	21,422

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense

Estimated aggregated amortization expense based on the current carrying value of the amortizable intangible assets and current exchange rates is as follows:

(in thousands)	Estimated Amortization Expense
Remaining 2025	$	1,862
2026	3,622
2027	3,613
2028	2,244
2029	2,244
Thereafter	6,915
Total estimated amortization expense	$	20,500

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes financial assets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets:
Cash	$	82,748	$	—	$	—	$	86,366	$	—	$	—
Money market mutual fund	7,634		—		—		2,705		—		—
Marketable securities	16,270		16,571		—		17,261		14,531		—
Total	$	106,652	$	16,571	$	—	$	106,332	$	14,531	$	—

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Marketable Securities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale

The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s short-term and long-term marketable securities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

	June 30, 2025
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	1,000	$	3	$	—	$	1,003
Corporate debt securities	15,914		2		(27)		15,889
U.S. municipal securities	8,954		17		(8)		8,963
U.S. treasury bonds	7,000		1		(15)		6,986
Total marketable securities	$	32,868	$	23	$	(50)	$	32,841

	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
U.S. government agency securities	$	8,323	$	—	$	(22)	$	8,301
Corporate debt securities	15,852		—		(82)		15,770
U.S. municipal securities	6,762		—		(38)		6,724
U.S. treasury bonds	1,000		—		(3)		997
Total marketable securities	$	31,937	$	—	$	(145)	$	31,792

Schedule of Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date

The June 30, 2025 balance of available-for-sale debt securities by contractual maturity is shown in the following table at fair value. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025
Due in one year or less	$	12,804
Due after one year through five years	20,037
Total marketable securities	$	32,841

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Inventory (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory, Current

The Company’s inventory consisted of the following as of the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total inventory	$	13,886	$	12,989
Allowance for obsolescence	(717)		(684)
Inventory, net of allowance	$	13,169	$	12,305

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity

The following table summarizes stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Stock Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at December 31, 2024	445,136	$	51.34
Granted	139,872	39.32
Exercised	(8,762)	33.77
Forfeited	(93,350)	37.31
Expired	(16,354)	87.74
Options outstanding at June 30, 2025	466,542	$	49.60
Exercisable at June 30, 2025	254,268	$	60.44

Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

The following table provides the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model valuation of options during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.13% - 4.17%	4.28% - 4.30%
Expected life (years)	6.25	6.25
Expected volatility	52.12% - 52.99%	50.62% - 50.72%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

Schedule of Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit, Activity

The following table summarizes restricted stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Restricted stock units at December 31, 2024	763,261	$	38.25
Granted	278,500	39.95
Restrictions lapsed	(212,421)	40.55
Forfeited	(85,562)	36.57
Restricted stock units at June 30, 2025	743,778	$	38.42

Schedule of Nonvested Performance-Based Units Activity

The following table summarizes performance stock units activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

	Performance Stock Units	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Performance stock units at December 31, 2024	180,173	$	60.75
Granted1	153,503	59.71
Restrictions lapsed	(32,977)	96.41
Performance change	—	—
Forfeited	(68,887)	57
Performance stock units at June 30, 2025	231,812	$	56.17
1 Includes a target number of 54,320 PSUs granted as part of the May 23, 2025, Inducement Awards, 27,160 of which have the same market condition as the PSUs granted under the 2022 Plan as described above, and 27,160 of which also include a performance condition with anywhere between 0 percent and 100 percent of the target number capable of being achieved during two six-month performance periods and then anywhere between 0 percent and 200 percent of such achieved PSUs capable of being earned and vesting during a three-year performance period depending on the Company's performance in the final year of the performance period and the award recipient's continued employment.

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Awards Other Than Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

The following table provides the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo pricing model valuation of PSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	3.98% - 4.08%	4.37%
Expected life (years)	2.61 - 2.85	2.88
Expected volatility	52.40% - 53.20%	51.40%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Valuation Assumptions

The following table presents the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the ESPP during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025	2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.29%	5.07% - 5.16%
Expected life (months)	6.00	6.00
Expected volatility	65.60%	30.97% - 47.92%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Regulated Operations [Abstract]

Schedule of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	(26,891)	$	(28,845)	$	(27,984)	$	(28,013)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	2,300		(678)		3,303		(1,603)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	28		91		118		184
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income	28		91		118		184
Balance at end of period	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)	$	(24,563)	$	(29,432)

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Segment Reporting (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment

The following table summarizes selected financial information by reportable segments:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	110,712	$	24,351	$	—	$	135,063
Segment expenses1	83,025		29,170		17,750		129,945
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		149		—		149
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	27,687	$	(4,968)	$	(17,750)	$	4,969

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	98,541	$	27,090	$	—	$	125,631
Segment expenses1	74,300		28,822		16,510		119,632
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	24,241	$	(1,732)	$	(16,510)	$	5,999

Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	210,979	$	50,289	$	—	$	261,268
Segment expenses1	157,795		58,970		34,893		251,658
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		110		—		110
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	53,184	$	(8,791)	$	(34,893)	$	9,500

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
(in thousands)
	United States		Europe		Corporate Unallocated		Total
Revenue	$	200,022	$	53,499	$	—	$	253,521
Segment expenses1	149,449		57,675		33,571		240,695
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment costs	—		—		—		—
Income (Loss) from Operations	$	50,573	$	(4,176)	$	(33,571)	$	12,826

1 Segment expenses consist primarily of raw materials, equipment depreciation, employee compensation including benefits, commissions and stock-based compensation, facilities costs and overhead allocations associated with the manufacturing process for molds and custom parts, marketing programs such as electronic, print and pay-per-click advertising and trade shows and other related costs for our United States and Europe reportable segments. Segment expenses for our Corporate Unallocated reportable segment consist primarily of personnel and outside service costs related to the development of new processes and product lines, enhancements of existing product

lines, software developed for internal use, maintenance of internally developed software, quality assurance and testing, employee compensation including benefits and stock-based compensation, severance, professional service fees related to accounting, tax and legal, and other related overhead costs.

Schedule of Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Areas

Total long-lived assets, expenditures for additions to long-lived assets, and depreciation and amortization expense were as follows:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total long-lived assets:
United States	$	171,170	$	181,291
Europe	44,607		45,972
Total Long-lived Assets	$	215,777	$	227,263

Schedule of Expenditures for Additions to Long-lived Assets by Geographic Region

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Expenditures for additions to long-lived assets:
United States	$	1,125	$	3,532	$	2,293	$	4,366
Europe	343		665		437		2,418
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	$	1,468	$	4,197	$	2,730	$	6,784

Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization by Geographic Region

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Depreciation and Amortization:
United States	$	7,003	$	7,186	$	14,012	$	14,511
Europe	1,484		1,732		3,090		3,476
Corporate Unallocated	83		54		$	162	$	88
Total depreciation and amortization	$	8,570	$	8,972	$	17,264	$	18,075

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue by product line the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenue:
Injection Molding	$	47,415	$	49,080	$	96,138	$	101,743
CNC Machining	61,945		51,239		114,788		101,171
3D Printing	21,215		21,281		41,409		42,863
Sheet Metal	4,303		3,922		8,514		7,475
Other Revenue	185		109		419		269
Total Revenue	$	135,063	$	125,631	$	261,268	$	253,521

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Net Income per Common Share - Narrative (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Anti-dilutive options excluded from calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	459,386	452,239	446,174	371,313

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Net Income per Common Share -Schedule of Computation Of Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income	$ 4,427	$ 3,599	$ 4,540	$ 5,268	$ 8,026	$ 9,808
Basic - weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	23,900,390		25,313,036		24,018,119	25,473,937
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options and other (in shares)	201,202		59,936		273,127	99,407
Diluted - weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	24,101,592		25,372,972		24,291,246	25,573,344
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.19		$ 0.18		$ 0.33	$ 0.39
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.18		$ 0.18		$ 0.33	$ 0.38

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) € in Millions			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 22, 2021 USD ($)	Jan. 22, 2021 EUR (€)	Jun. 30, 2025 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2025 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Goodwill, period increase (decrease)			$ 0		$ 0
Foreign currency losses					500,000		$ 2,200,000
Amortization expense for intangible assets			$ 900,000	$ 900,000	$ 1,800,000	$ 1,900,000
Europe | 3D Hubs, Inc. (Hubs)
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Intangible assets acquired | €		€ 11.6
United States | 3D Hubs, Inc. (Hubs)
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Intangible assets acquired	$ 16,600,000

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Gross	$ 41,215	$ 39,705
Accumulated Amortization	(20,715)	(18,283)
Net	20,500	21,422
Non-compete agreement
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Gross	851	819
Accumulated Amortization	(786)	(703)
Net	$ 65	116
Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)	4 months 24 days
Non-compete agreement | Minimum
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Useful Life (in years)	2 years
Non-compete agreement | Maximum
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Useful Life (in years)	5 years
Software technology
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Gross	$ 13,229	13,229
Accumulated Amortization	(9,808)	(9,123)
Net	$ 3,421	4,106
Useful Life (in years)	10 years
Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)	2 years 6 months
Software platform
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]
Gross	$ 27,135	25,657
Accumulated Amortization	(10,121)	(8,457)
Net	$ 17,014	$ 17,200
Useful Life (in years)	12 years
Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)	7 years 7 months 6 days

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Remaining 2025	$ 1,862
2026	3,622
2027	3,613
2028	2,244
2029	2,244
Thereafter	6,915
Net	$ 20,500	$ 21,422

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Financial Assets:
Marketable securities	$ 32,841	$ 31,792
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Marketable securities	16,270	17,261
Total	106,652	106,332
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Marketable securities	16,571	14,531
Total	16,571	14,531
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Marketable securities	0	0
Total	0	0
Cash | Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	82,748	86,366
Cash | Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Cash | Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Money market mutual fund | Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	7,634	2,705
Money market mutual fund | Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Money market mutual fund | Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 0	$ 0

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Marketable Securities - Short-Term and Long-Term Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Cost	$ 32,868	$ 31,937
Unrealized Gains	23	0
Unrealized Losses	(50)	(145)
Fair Value	32,841	31,792
U.S. government agency securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Cost	1,000	8,323
Unrealized Gains	3	0
Unrealized Losses	0	(22)
Fair Value	1,003	8,301
Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Cost	15,914	15,852
Unrealized Gains	2	0
Unrealized Losses	(27)	(82)
Fair Value	15,889	15,770
U.S. municipal securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Cost	8,954	6,762
Unrealized Gains	17	0
Unrealized Losses	(8)	(38)
Fair Value	8,963	6,724
U.S. treasury bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Cost	7,000	1,000
Unrealized Gains	1	0
Unrealized Losses	(15)	(3)
Fair Value	$ 6,986	$ 997

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Marketable Securities - Maturities of Available-For-Sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Fair Value, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Due in one year or less	$ 12,804
Due after one year through five years	20,037
Total marketable securities	$ 32,841	$ 31,792

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Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Total inventory	$ 13,886	$ 12,989
Allowance for obsolescence	(717)	(684)
Inventory, net of allowance	$ 13,169	$ 12,305

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Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 20, 2025	May 23, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense			$ 4.3	$ 4.2	$ 8.3	$ 8.5
Stock-based award, weighted-average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)					$ 21.81
ESPP
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Discount from market price (in percent)					15.00%
Offering period (in months)					6 months
Purchase price of common stock (in percent)					85.00%
Stock Options
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based award, term (in years)					10 years
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)					4 years
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense			3.9		$ 3.9
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition (in years)					3 years 1 month 6 days
Restricted Stock Units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense			21.7		$ 21.7
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition (in years)					2 years 10 months 24 days
Restricted Stock Units | Minimum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)					3 years
Restricted Stock Units | Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)					4 years
Performance Stock Units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)					3 years
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense			$ 8.6		$ 8.6
Stock based award, unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition (in years)					2 years 3 months 18 days
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, lower limit			0.00%		0.00%
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, upper limit			200.00%		200.00%
Long-Term Incentive Plan 2022
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards (in shares)	296,000	430,000
Stock-based award, term (in years)					10 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Option Activity (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025 $ / shares shares
Stock Options
Options outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) | shares	445,136
Granted (in shares) | shares	139,872
Exercised (in shares) | shares	(8,762)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares	(93,350)
Expired (in shares) | shares	(16,354)
Options outstanding, ending balance (in shares) | shares	466,542
Option exercisable (in shares) | shares	254,268
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 51.34
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	39.32
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	33.77
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	37.31
Expired (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	87.74
Options outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	49.60
Options exercisable, weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 60.44

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Stock-Based Compensation - Weighted Average Assumptions (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	4.29%
Expected life (years)	6 years	6 years
Expected volatility	65.60%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum | Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		5.07%
Expected volatility		30.97%
Maximum | Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		5.16%
Expected volatility		47.92%
Stock Options
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected life (years)	6 years 3 months	6 years 3 months
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Stock Options | Minimum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	4.13%	4.28%
Expected volatility	52.12%	50.62%
Stock Options | Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	4.17%	4.30%
Expected volatility	52.99%	50.72%
Performance Stock Units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		4.37%
Expected life (years)		2 years 10 months 17 days
Expected volatility		51.40%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Performance Stock Units | Minimum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	3.98%
Expected life (years)	2 years 7 months 9 days
Expected volatility	52.40%
Performance Stock Units | Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	4.08%
Expected life (years)	2 years 10 months 6 days
Expected volatility	53.20%

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Activity (Details)		6 Months Ended
	May 23, 2025 performancePeriod shares	Jun. 30, 2025 $ / shares shares
Performance Stock Units
Performance Stock Units
Beginning balance (in shares)		180,173
Granted (in shares)		153,503
Restrictions lapsed (in shares)		(32,977)
Performance change (in shares)		0
Forfeited (in shares)		(68,887)
Ending balance (in shares)		231,812
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 60.75
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		59.71
Restrictions lapsed (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		96.41
Performance change (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		0
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		57
Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 56.17
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, lower limit		0.00%
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, upper limit		200.00%
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)		3 years
Performance Stock Units | Inducement Awards
Performance Stock Units
Granted (in shares)	54,320
Performance Stock Units | Inducement Awards, Market Conditions
Performance Stock Units
Granted (in shares)	27,160
Performance Stock Units | Inducement Awards, Performance Condition
Performance Stock Units
Granted (in shares)	27,160
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Percentage of target, capable of being achieved during performance periods, lower	0.00%
Percentage of target, capable of being achieved during performance periods, upper limit	100.00%
Number of performance periods | performancePeriod	2
Award performance period (in years)	6 months
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, lower limit	0.00%
Percentage of target, capable of being earned and vesting, upper limit	200.00%
Stock-based award, vesting period (in years)	3 years
Restricted Stock Units
Performance Stock Units
Beginning balance (in shares)		763,261
Granted (in shares)		278,500
Restrictions lapsed (in shares)		(212,421)
Forfeited (in shares)		(85,562)
Ending balance (in shares)		743,778
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 38.25
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		39.95
Restrictions lapsed (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		40.55
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		36.57
Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 38.42

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 656,801	$ 687,310	$ 670,151	$ 695,295
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Ending balance	664,707	685,236	664,707	685,236
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(26,891)	(28,845)	(27,984)	(28,013)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Ending balance	(24,563)	(29,432)	(24,563)	(29,432)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	2,300	(678)	3,303	(1,603)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0	0	0	0
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	2,300	(678)	3,303	(1,603)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0	0	0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	2,300	(678)	3,303	(1,603)
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	28	91	118	184
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0	0	0	0
Net unrealized gains on investments in securities
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	28	91	118	184
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0	0	0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	$ 28	$ 91	$ 118	$ 184

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision for income taxes	$ 2,247	$ 2,820	$ 4,633	$ 5,278
Effective income tax rate (in percent)	33.70%	38.30%	36.60%	35.00%
Effective income tax rate, (decrease) increase during period (in percent)	(4.60%)		1.60%
Federal statutory rate (in percent)	21.00%		21.00%
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 3,700		$ 3,700		$ 3,400

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Segment Reporting - Schedule of Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 135,063	$ 125,631	$ 261,268	$ 253,521
Segment expenses	129,945	119,632	251,658	240,695
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment cost (benefit)	149	0	110	0
Income from operations	4,969	5,999	9,500	12,826
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	110,712	98,541	210,979	200,022
Segment expenses	83,025	74,300	157,795	149,449
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment cost (benefit)	0	0	0	0
Income from operations	27,687	24,241	53,184	50,573
Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	24,351	27,090	50,289	53,499
Segment expenses	29,170	28,822	58,970	57,675
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment cost (benefit)	149	0	110	0
Income from operations	(4,968)	(1,732)	(8,791)	(4,176)
Corporate Unallocated
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	0	0	0	0
Segment expenses	17,750	16,510	34,893	33,571
Exit, Disposal and Goodwill impairment cost (benefit)	0	0	0	0
Income from operations	$ (17,750)	$ (16,510)	$ (34,893)	$ (33,571)

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Segment Reporting - Schedule of Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Areas (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Long-lived Assets	$ 215,777	$ 227,263
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Long-lived Assets	171,170	181,291
Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Long-lived Assets	$ 44,607	$ 45,972

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Segment Reporting - Schedule of Expenditures For Additions To Long-Lived Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	$ 1,468	$ 4,197	$ 2,730	$ 6,784
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	1,125	3,532	2,293	4,366
Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets	$ 343	$ 665	$ 437	$ 2,418

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Segment Reporting - Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization	$ 8,570	$ 8,972	$ 17,264	$ 18,075
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization	7,003	7,186	14,012	14,511
Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization	1,484	1,732	3,090	3,476
Corporate Unallocated
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization	$ 83	$ 54	$ 162	$ 88

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Segment Reporting - Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	$ 135,063	$ 125,631	$ 261,268	$ 253,521
Injection Molding
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	47,415	49,080	96,138	101,743
CNC Machining
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	61,945	51,239	114,788	101,171
3D Printing
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	21,215	21,281	41,409	42,863
Sheet Metal
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	4,303	3,922	8,514	7,475
Other Revenue
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Revenue	$ 185	$ 109	$ 419	$ 269