UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

___________________

FORM 10-Q

___________________

(Mark One)

☑    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2024

OR

☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from          to         

Commission File Number: 001-38240

___________________

MONGODB, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

___________________

Delaware		26-1463205
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1633 Broadway,	38th Floor
New York,	NY	10019
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 646-727-4092

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	MDB	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
		(Nasdaq Global Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  þ  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  þ  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	þ	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes   ☐    No þ

As of May 29, 2024, there were 73,350,695 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024	1
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023	2
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	29
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	64
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	65
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	65
Item 5.	Other Information	65
Item 6.	Exhibits	66
Signatures		67

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

MONGODB, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	April 30, 2024		January 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	815,704	$	802,959
Short-term investments	1,258,292		1,212,448
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7,814 and $8,054 as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, respectively	266,025		325,610
Deferred commissions	93,390		92,512
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	218,914		50,107
Total current assets	2,652,325		2,483,636
Property and equipment, net	50,214		53,042
Operating lease right-of-use assets	34,807		37,365
Goodwill	69,679		69,679
Acquired intangible assets, net	1,303		3,957
Deferred tax assets	4,524		4,116
Other assets	221,577		217,847
Total assets	$	3,034,429	$	2,869,642
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	9,349	$	9,905
Accrued compensation and benefits	110,234		112,579
Operating lease liabilities	9,881		9,797
Other accrued liabilities	84,110		74,831
Deferred revenue	323,920		357,108
Total current liabilities	537,494		564,220
Deferred tax liability	770		285
Operating lease liabilities	28,417		30,918
Deferred revenue	16,210		20,296
Convertible senior notes, net	1,144,125		1,143,273
Other liabilities	38,157		41,661
Total liabilities	1,765,173		1,800,653
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, par value of $0.001 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024; 73,449,966 shares issued and 73,350,595 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2024; 72,840,692 shares issued and 72,741,321 shares outstanding as of January 31, 2024	73		73
Additional paid-in capital	3,068,730		2,777,322
Treasury stock, 99,371 shares (repurchased at an average of $13.27 per share) as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024	(1,319)		(1,319)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(6,003)		4,545
Accumulated deficit	(1,792,225)		(1,711,632)
Total stockholders’ equity	1,269,256		1,068,989
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,034,429	$	2,869,642

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

MONGODB, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Revenue:
Subscription	$	436,896	$	354,714
Services	13,665		13,566
Total revenue	450,561		368,280
Cost of revenue:
Subscription	100,762		78,173
Services	21,935		19,276
Total cost of revenue	122,697		97,449
Gross profit	327,864		270,831
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	219,444		182,733
Research and development	146,060		116,817
General and administrative	60,546		39,828
Total operating expenses	426,050		339,378
Loss from operations	(98,186)		(68,547)
Other (expense) income:
Interest income	23,111		18,037
Interest expense	(1,897)		(2,393)
Other (expense) income, net	(1,040)		1,144
Loss before provision for income taxes	(78,012)		(51,759)
Provision for income taxes	2,581		2,487
Net loss	$	(80,593)	$	(54,246)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.10)	$	(0.77)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted	72,990,141		70,177,499

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

MONGODB, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Net loss	$	(80,593)	$	(54,246)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized (loss) income on available-for-sale securities	(9,541)		818
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,007)		921
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(10,548)		1,739
Total comprehensive loss	$	(91,141)	$	(52,507)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

MONGODB, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands of U.S. dollars, except share data)

(unaudited)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balances as of January 31, 2024	72,741,321	$	73	$	2,777,322	$	(1,319)	$	4,545	$	(1,711,632)	$	1,068,989
Stock option exercises	132,617	—		953		—		—		—		953
Vesting of restricted stock units	399,213	—		—		—		—		—		—
Vesting of performance stock units	77,444	—		—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		120,763		—		—		—		120,763
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities	—	—		—		—		(9,541)		—		(9,541)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		(1,007)		—		(1,007)
Reclassification of derivative related to the Capped Call associated with the 2024 Notes	—	—		169,692		—		—		—		169,692
Net loss	—	—		—		—		—		(80,593)		(80,593)
Balances as of April 30, 2024	73,350,595	$	73	$	3,068,730	$	(1,319)	$	(6,003)	$	(1,792,225)	$	1,269,256

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balances as of January 31, 2023	69,906,586	$	70	$	2,276,694	$	(1,319)	$	(905)	$	(1,535,032)	$	739,508
Stock option exercises	213,713	—		1,472		—		—		—		1,472
Vesting of restricted stock units	388,017	1		—		—		—		—		1
Vesting of performance stock units	22,991	—		—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		103,955		—		—		—		103,955
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities	—	—		—		—		818		—		818
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—	—		—		—		921		—		921
Net loss	—	—		—		—		—		(54,246)		(54,246)
Balances as of April 30, 2023	70,531,307	$	71	$	2,382,121	$	(1,319)	$	834	$	(1,589,278)	$	792,429

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

MONGODB, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands of U.S. dollars)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(80,593)	$	(54,246)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,826		4,373
Stock-based compensation	120,763		103,955
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	852		847
Amortization of finance right-of-use assets	993		994
Amortization of operating right-of-use assets	2,479		2,225
Deferred income taxes	7		(188)
Amortization of premium and accretion of discount on short-term investments, net	(7,781)		(13,230)
Unrealized gain on financial instruments	(479)		(2,226)
Unrealized foreign exchange loss	115		429
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	59,326		73,364
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,233		(2,909)
Deferred commissions	(4,820)		2,664
Other long-term assets	166		(46)
Accounts payable	(547)		(304)
Accrued liabilities	6,526		(12,631)
Operating lease liabilities	(2,185)		(2,394)
Deferred revenue	(37,431)		(47,266)
Other liabilities, non-current	163		319
Net cash provided by operating activities	63,613		53,730
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(539)		(623)
Investments in non-marketable securities	—		(1,306)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities	125,000		280,000
Purchases of marketable securities	(172,604)		(66,789)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(48,143)		211,282
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	953		1,472
Principal repayments of finance leases	(2,093)		(1,342)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(1,140)		130
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(1,583)		709
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	12,747		265,851
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	803,643		456,339
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	816,390	$	722,190
Supplemental cash flow disclosure
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes, net of refunds	$	2,973	$	3,146
Interest expense	$	599	$	677
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash within the condensed consolidated balance sheets, end of period, to the amounts shown in the statements of cash flows above:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	815,704	$	721,787
Restricted cash, non-current	686		403
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	816,390	$	722,190

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

MONGODB, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Description of Business

MongoDB, Inc. (“MongoDB” or the “Company”) was originally incorporated in the state of Delaware in November 2007 under the name 10Gen, Inc. In August 2013, the Company changed its name to MongoDB, Inc. The Company is headquartered in New York City. MongoDB is the developer data platform company. The foundation of the Company’s offering is the leading, modern general purpose database, which is built on a unique document-based architecture. Organizations can deploy the Company’s database at scale in the cloud, on-premises, or in a hybrid environment. The Company’s robust platform enables developers to build and modernize applications rapidly and cost-effectively across a broad range of use cases. In addition to selling subscriptions to its software, the Company provides post-contract support, training and consulting services for its offerings. The Company’s fiscal year ends on January 31.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the annual consolidated financial statements and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, which are considered necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position and results of operations as of and for the periods presented. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The results of operations for the interim periods should not be considered indicative of results for the full year or for any other future year or interim period.

The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Therefore, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024 (the “2024 Form 10-K”).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts, the period of benefit for deferred contract acquisition costs, the incremental borrowing rate related to the Company’s lease liabilities, stock-based compensation, legal contingencies, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives and carrying values of acquired intangible assets and property and equipment, fair value of financial instruments and accounting for income taxes. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events.

The global macroeconomic conditions, including slower economic growth, persistent inflation and a high interest rate environment, continue to impact demand and supply for a broad variety of goods and services, including demand from the Company’s customers.

Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and therefore require the exercise of judgment. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates, assumptions and judgments or adjust the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained and are recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements as soon as they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates and any such differences may be material to the Company’s financial statements.

6

MONGODB, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in the Company’s 2024 Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires companies to provide disclosures of significant segment expenses and other segment items. The guidance requires companies to provide in interim periods all disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually. The guidance is applied retrospectively and is effective for the Company for fiscal year ending January 31, 2025, and for interim periods beginning February 1, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 on its consolidated financial statements.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes, primarily their rate reconciliation information and income taxes paid. The new guidance requires companies to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in some categories if the items meet a quantitative threshold. Additionally companies will be required to disclose annually income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state and foreign taxes and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. The guidance is effective for the Company for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets that have been measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024 and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs utilized to determine such fair value (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurement as of April 30, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	477,496	$	—	$	—	$	477,496
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury securities	1,258,292		—		—		1,258,292
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Derivative asset	—		170,215		—		170,215
Total financial assets	$	1,735,788	$	170,215	$	—	$	1,906,003

	Fair Value Measurement as of January 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	512,456	$	—	$	—	$	512,456
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury securities	1,212,448		—		—		1,212,448
Total financial assets	$	1,724,904	$	—	$	—	$	1,724,904

The Company utilized the market approach and Level 1 valuation inputs to value its money market mutual funds and U.S. government treasury securities because published net asset values were readily available.

7

MONGODB, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s short-term investments by remaining contractual maturity as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024 (in thousands):

	April 30, 2024						January 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	676,643	$	(1,758)	$	674,885	$	520,006	$	(543)	$	519,463
Due after one year and within three years	588,959		(5,552)		583,407		690,211		2,774		692,985
Total short-term investments	$	1,265,602	$	(7,310)	$	1,258,292	$	1,210,217	$	2,231	$	1,212,448

As of April 30, 2024, unrealized losses on the Company’s U.S. government treasury securities were approximately $7.3 million. As of January 31, 2024, unrealized gains on the Company’s U.S. government treasury securities were approximately $2.2 million. These unrealized gains and losses were caused by fluctuations in interest rates, which results in changes to the market value of these securities. Because the decline in fair value is due to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be at maturity, the Company concluded that an allowance for credit losses was unnecessary for short-term investments as of April 30, 2024. Gross realized gains and losses were not material for both the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. There were no short-term investments in a continuous loss position for greater than twelve months.

Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Calls

The Company measures the fair value of its outstanding convertible senior notes on a quarterly basis for disclosure purposes. The Company considers the fair value of its convertible senior notes as of April 30, 2024 to be a Level 2 measurement due to limited trading activity of the convertible senior notes.

The fair value measurements for the derivative asset related to the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes are determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with Level 1 and Level 2 inputs. The derivative asset was recognized as a result of the Company electing to cash settle the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes (as defined herein).

Refer to Note 5, Convertible Senior Notes, for further details on the convertible senior notes and Capped Calls.

Non-marketable Securities

As of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, the total amount of non-marketable equity and debt securities included in other assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets was $12.9 million. The Company did not make additional investments during the three months ended April 30, 2024 and invested an additional $1.3 million of its cash in non-marketable equity securities during the three months ended April 30, 2023. The Company recognized an immaterial net unrealized loss during the three months ended April 30, 2024 on certain of these non-marketable securities and net unrealized gain of $2.2 million during the three months ended April 30, 2023. Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s 2024 Form 10-K for further information. The Company considers these assets as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy when an impairment or observable price changes in orderly transactions are recognized on these non-marketable securities during the period. The estimation of fair value for these investments is inherently complex due to the lack of readily available market data and inherent lack of liquidity and requires the Company’s judgment and the use of significant unobservable inputs in an inactive market. In addition, the determination of whether an orderly transaction is for the identical or a similar investment requires significant management judgment, including understanding the differences in the rights and obligations of the investments, the extent to which those differences would affect the fair values of those investments and the stage of operational development of the entities.

8

MONGODB, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

4. Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets, Net

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the periods presented (in thousands):

	April 30, 2024		January 31, 2024
Balance, beginning of the year	$	69,679	$	57,779
Increase in goodwill related to business combinations	—		11,900
Balance, end of the year	$	69,679	$	69,679

On September 27, 2023, the Company acquired the assets of Grainite, Inc. (“Grainite”), for total cash consideration of $15.0 million. Grainite is a stream processing application company and the transaction is intended to accelerate the development of the Company’s stream processing offering. The Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination, after determining that the acquired set of assets, the fair value of which was not concentrated in a single asset, or group of similar assets, and included (a) an assembled workforce and (b) intangible asset, met the definition of a business. As a result, the Company allocated the estimated fair value of $3.1 million of the identifiable asset acquired to the developed technology intangible asset. The fair value assigned to the intangible asset was determined through the use of a third-party valuation firm using replacement cost approach methodology, and includes the expected profit margin of a hypothetical third-party developer and a market participant’s opportunity cost. Judgment was applied for a number of assumptions used in the valuation of the identified intangible asset. The excess of the cash consideration over the identifiable intangible assets in the amount of $11.9 million was allocated to goodwill. This transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition for tax purposes, and therefore both the goodwill and acquired intangible asset are deductible for tax purposes. Tax impacts were not material. Acquisition-related transaction costs were not material and have been expensed as incurred and included in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The business combination did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company’s intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

	April 30, 2024
	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value		Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)
Developed technology	$	41,200	$	(39,897)	$	1,303	1.9
Customer relationships	15,200		(15,200)		—		—
Total	$	56,400	$	(55,097)	$	1,303

	January 31, 2024
	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value		Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)
Developed technology	$	41,200	$	(37,328)	$	3,872	1.0
Customer relationships	15,200		(15,115)		85		0.3
Total	$	56,400	$	(52,443)	$	3,957

Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis. Amortization expense of intangible assets was $2.7 million and $2.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense for developed technology was included as research and development expense in the Company’s interim condensed consolidated statements of operations. Amortization expense for customer relationships was included as sales and marketing expense in the Company’s interim condensed consolidated statements of operations.

9

MONGODB, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of April 30, 2024, future amortization expense related to the intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending January 31,
Remainder of 2025	$	510
2026	680
2027	113
2028	—
2029	—
Total	$	1,303

5. Convertible Senior Notes

The net carrying amounts of the Company’s 2026 Notes (as defined herein) were as follows for the periods presented (in thousands):

	April 30, 2024		January 31, 2024
Principal	$	1,149,972	$	1,149,972
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(5,847)		(6,699)
Net carrying amount	$	1,144,125	$	1,143,273

As of April 30, 2024, the estimated fair value (Level 2) of the outstanding 2026 Notes, which is utilized solely for disclosure purposes, was approximately $2.0 billion. The fair value was determined based on the closing trading price per $100 of the 2026 Notes as of the last day of trading for the period. The fair value of the 2026 Notes is primarily affected by the trading price of the Company’s common stock and market interest rates.

In January 2020, the Company issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due 2026 in a private placement and, also in January 2020, the Company issued an additional $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes pursuant to the exercise in full of the initial purchasers’ option to purchase additional convertible senior notes (collectively, the “2026 Notes”). The 2026 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and interest is payable semiannually in arrears on July 15 and January 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2020, at a rate of 0.25% per year. The 2026 Notes will mature on January 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting initial purchase discounts and estimated debt issuance costs, were approximately $1.13 billion.

Refer to Note 6, Convertible Senior Notes, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s 2024 Form 10-K for further information on the 2026 Notes.

During the three months ended April 30, 2024, the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes was triggered as the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock was more than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on April 30, 2024 (the last trading day of the fiscal quarter) and therefore the 2026 Notes are convertible, in whole or in part, from May 1, 2024 through July 31, 2024. Whether the 2026 Notes will be convertible following such period will depend on the continued satisfaction of this condition or another conversion condition in the future.

Capped Calls

In connection with the pricing of the issuance of our convertible notes due June 15, 2024 (the “2024 Notes”) and the 2026 Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain counterparties (the “Capped Calls”). The Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes each have an initial strike price of approximately $68.15 per share, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponded to the initial conversion price of the 2024 Notes. These Capped Calls have initial cap prices of $106.90 per share, subject to certain adjustments.

In April 2024, the Company elected cash settlement for the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes. The settlement period of the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes ranges between April 2024 and June 2024 with cash

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

receipt in June 2024. Upon the cash settlement election, the instrument, initially indexed to the Company’s own stock, no longer met the criteria for equity classification and was reclassified from stockholder’s equity to assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. The reclassification resulted in the recognition of a derivative asset, with an estimated fair value at cash settlement election date of $169.7 million, with a corresponding increase in additional paid in capital, which is reflected as a noncash financing activity for the three months ended April 30, 2024. The derivative asset is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the derivative instrument as of April 30, 2024, was $170.2 million and as a result the Company recognized an unrealized gain of $0.5 million, which was recorded in other income (expense), net, on the Company interim condensed consolidated statement of operations. The fair values of the derivative asset related to the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes were determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with significant inputs being the Company’s share price and the risk free rate, based on the Secured Overnight Offering Rate, at each valuation date. The impact of volatility was not significant on the fair value measurements.

The Capped Calls associated with the 2026 Notes each have an initial strike price of approximately $211.20 per share, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2026 Notes. These Capped Calls have initial cap prices of $296.42 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The Company did not unwind any of its Capped Calls through April 30, 2024.

Refer to Note 6, Convertible Senior Notes, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s 2024 Form 10-K for further information on the Capped Calls and the 2024 Notes.

6. Leases

The Company has entered into non-cancelable operating and finance lease agreements, principally real estate for office space globally. The Company may receive renewal or expansion options, leasehold improvement allowances or other incentives on certain lease agreements. Lease terms range from one to 12 years and may include renewal options, which the company deems reasonably certain to be renewed. The exercise of the lease renewal option is at the Company's discretion.

Lease Costs

The components of the Company’s lease costs included in its interim condensed consolidated statements of operations were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of finance lease right-of-use assets	$	993	$	994
Interest on finance lease liabilities	599		676
Operating lease cost	3,023		2,658
Short-term lease cost	1,516		1,363
Total lease cost	$	6,131	$	5,691

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Balance Sheet Components

The balances of the Company’s finance and operating leases were recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

	April 30, 2024		January 31, 2024
Finance Lease:
Property and equipment, net	$	22,521	$	23,514
Other accrued liabilities, current	5,754		6,179
Other liabilities, non-current	35,843		37,511
Operating Leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	34,807	$	37,365
Operating lease liabilities, current	9,881		9,797
Operating lease liabilities, non-current	28,417		30,918

Maturities of Lease Liabilities

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable finance and operating leases on an annual undiscounted cash flow basis as of April 30, 2024 were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending January 31,	Finance Lease		Operating Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	5,754	$	8,993
2026	8,711		9,265
2027	8,711		6,483
2028	8,711		5,664
2029	8,711		5,434
Thereafter	7,985		7,929
Total minimum payments	48,583		43,768
Less imputed interest	(6,986)		(5,470)
Present value of future minimum lease payments	41,597		38,298
Less current obligations under leases	(5,754)		(9,881)
Non-current lease obligations	$	35,843	$	28,417

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Non-cancelable Material Commitments

During the three months ended April 30, 2024, other than certain non-cancelable operating leases described in Note 6, Leases, there have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to the Company’s contractual obligations and commitments from those disclosed in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Legal Matters

The Company investigates all claims, litigation and other legal matters as they arise. From time to time, the Company has become involved in claims, litigation and other legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business, including intellectual property, labor and employment and breach of contract claims.

Although claims and litigation are inherently unpredictable, as of April 30, 2024, the Company is currently not aware of any matters that, if determined adversely to the Company, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on its business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company accrues estimates for resolution of legal and other contingencies when losses are probable and estimable. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

adverse impact on the Company because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Indemnification

The Company enters into indemnification provisions under its agreements with other companies in the ordinary course of business, including business partners, landlords, contractors and parties performing its research and development. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the indemnified party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party as a result of the Company’s activities. The terms of these indemnification agreements are generally perpetual. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements is not determinable. To date, the Company has not incurred material costs as a result of such commitments. The Company maintains commercial general liability insurance and product liability insurance to offset certain of the Company’s potential liabilities under these indemnification provisions.

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. These agreements require the Company to indemnify such individuals, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, for certain liabilities to which they may become subject as a result of their affiliation with the Company.

8. Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

Based on the information provided to and reviewed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Operating Decision Maker, the Company believes that the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows and how they are affected by economic factors is most appropriately depicted through the Company’s primary geographical markets and subscription product categories. The Company’s primary geographical markets are North and South America (“Americas”); Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and Asia Pacific. The Company also disaggregates its subscription products between its MongoDB Atlas-related offerings and other subscription products, which include MongoDB Enterprise Advanced.

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by primary geographical markets, subscription product categories and services (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Primary geographical markets:
Americas	$	272,093	$	222,346
EMEA	123,296		105,123
Asia Pacific	55,172		40,811
Total	$	450,561	$	368,280
Subscription product categories and services:
MongoDB Atlas-related	$	313,855	$	237,756
Other subscription	123,041		116,958
Services	13,665		13,566
Total	$	450,561	$	368,280

Customers located in the United States accounted for 54% of total revenue for each of the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. No other country accounted for 10% or more of revenue for the periods presented.

Contract Liabilities

The Company’s contract liabilities are recorded as deferred revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and consist of customer invoices issued or payments received in advance of revenues being recognized from the Company’s subscription and services contracts. Deferred revenue, including current and non-current balances, as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024 was $340.1 million and $377.4 million, respectively. Approximately 33% and 45% of the total

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

revenue recognized for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, was from deferred revenue at the beginning of each respective period.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the aggregate amount of the transaction price in contracts allocated to performance obligations not delivered, or partially undelivered, as of the end of the reporting period. Remaining performance obligations include unearned revenue, multi-year contracts with future installment payments and certain unfulfilled orders against accepted customer contracts at the end of any given period. As of April 30, 2024, the aggregate transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $586.5 million. Approximately 56% is expected to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter. The Company applies the practical expedient to omit disclosure with respect to the amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the related contract has a total duration of 12 months or less.

Unbilled Receivables

Revenue recognized in excess of invoiced amounts creates an unbilled receivable, which represents the Company’s unconditional right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Company has transferred to the customer. Unbilled receivables are recorded as part of accounts receivable, net in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, unbilled receivables were $18.9 million and $22.7 million, respectively.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company considers expectations of forward-looking losses, in addition to historical loss rates, to estimate its allowance for doubtful accounts on its accounts receivable. The following is a summary of the changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):

	Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Balance at January 31, 2024	$	8,054
Provision	1,573
Recoveries/write-offs	(1,813)
Balance as of April 30, 2024	$	7,814

The decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts as of April 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the increased collections during the period.

Costs Capitalized to Obtain Contracts with Customers

Deferred commissions were $299.1 million and $294.2 million as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, respectively, of which $205.7 million and $201.7 million comprised the non-current portion and was included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, respectively. Amortization expense with respect to deferred commissions, which is included in sales and marketing expense in the Company’s interim condensed consolidated statements of operations, was $26.4 million and $23.6 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There was no impairment loss in relation to the costs capitalized for the periods presented.

9. Equity Incentive Plans and Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Equity Incentive Plan

The Company adopted the 2008 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2008 Plan”) and the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended the “2016 Plan”), primarily for the purpose of granting stock-based awards to eligible employees, directors and consultants, including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and other stock-based awards. With the establishment of the 2016 Plan in December 2016, all shares available for grant under the 2008 Plan were transferred to the 2016 Plan. The Company no longer grants any stock-based awards under the 2008 Plan and any shares underlying stock options canceled under the 2008 Plan will be automatically transferred to the 2016 Plan.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Stock Options

The 2016 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options to eligible employees and non-statutory stock options to eligible employees, directors or consultants. The Company’s Board of Directors, or a committee thereof, determines the vesting schedule for all equity awards. Stock option awards generally vest over a period of four years with 25% vesting on the one-year anniversary of the award and the remainder vesting monthly over the next 36 months of the grantee’s service to the Company. There were no stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2024.

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the three months ended April 30, 2024 (in thousands, except share and per share data and years):

	Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance - January 31, 2024	835,623	$	8.14	2.6	$	327,884
Stock options exercised	(132,617)	7.18
Stock options forfeited and expired	—	—
Balance - April 30, 2024	703,006	$	8.32	2.4	$	250,877
Vested and exercisable - January 31, 2024	835,623	$	8.14	2.6	$	327,884
Vested and exercisable - April 30, 2024	703,006	$	8.32	2.4	$	250,877

Restricted Stock Units

The 2016 Plan provides for the issuance of RSUs to eligible employees, directors and consultants. RSUs granted to new employees generally vest over a period of four years with 25% vesting on the one-year anniversary of the award and the remainder vesting quarterly over the next 12 quarters, subject to the grantee’s continued service to the Company. RSUs granted to existing employees generally vest quarterly over a period of four years, subject to the grantee’s continued service to the Company.

The following table summarizes RSU activity for the three months ended April 30, 2024:

	Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per RSU
Unvested - January 31, 2024	3,566,406	$	290.59
RSUs granted	956,647	353.42
RSUs vested	(399,213)	274.70
RSUs forfeited and canceled	(119,565)	295.72
Unvested - April 30, 2024	4,004,275	$	308.32

2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In October 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted, and stockholders approved, the 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2017 ESPP”). Subject to any plan limitations, the 2017 ESPP allows eligible employees to contribute, normally through payroll deductions, up to 15% of their earnings for the purchase of the Company’s common stock at a discounted price per share. The Company’s current offering period began on December 15, 2023 and is expected to end June 14, 2024.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s interim condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Cost of revenue—subscription	$	6,163	$	5,514
Cost of revenue—services	3,255		2,948
Sales and marketing	39,613		37,606
Research and development	55,173		44,066
General and administrative	16,559		13,821
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	120,763	$	103,955

10. Net Loss Per Share

The Company calculates basic net loss per share by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding for the period, including stock options, restricted stock units and shares underlying the conversion option of the convertible senior notes. Basic and diluted net loss per share was the same for each period presented, as the inclusion of all potential common shares outstanding would have been anti-dilutive due to the net loss reported for each period presented.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(80,593)	$	(54,246)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share, basic and diluted	72,990,141		70,177,499
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.10)	$	(0.77)

In connection with the issuance of the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes, the Company entered into Capped Calls, which were not included for purposes of calculating the number of diluted shares outstanding, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The Capped Calls are expected to partially offset the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock upon any conversion of the 2026 Notes. During the three months ended April 30, 2024, the Company elected a settlement in cash, as opposed to the Company’s common stock, of the Capped Calls associated with 2024 Notes, refer to Note 5. Convertible Senior Notes for more information.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following weighted-average outstanding potentially dilutive shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because the impact of including them would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024	2023
Stock options pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan	350,634	504,452
Stock options pursuant to the 2008 Stock Incentive Plan	395,055	1,152,990
Unvested restricted stock units	3,833,040	4,054,925
Unvested executive PSUs	201,457	174,119
Shares underlying the conversion option of the 2026 Notes	5,445,002	5,445,002
Total	10,225,188	11,331,488

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

11. Income Taxes

The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $2.6 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The provisions recorded during both the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 were driven by the increase in global income and the associated foreign taxes as the Company continues its global expansion. The calculation of income taxes was based upon the estimated annual effective tax rates for the year applied to the jurisdictional mix of current period loss before tax plus the tax effect of any significant unusual items, discrete events or changes in tax law.

The Company regularly assesses the need for a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. In making that assessment, the Company considers both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets to determine, based on the weight of available evidence, whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company has maintained a valuation allowance on U.S., U.K. and Ireland net deferred tax assets, as it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company assesses uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainties in Tax. As of January 31, 2024, the Company’s net unrecognized tax benefits totaled $81.6 million, $0.7 million of which would have an impact on the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized.

In 2021, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”) published Pillar Two Model Rules defining a global minimum tax, which calls for the taxation of large corporations at a minimum rate of 15%. The OECD has since issued administrative guidance providing transition and safe harbor rules around the implementation of the Pillar Two global minimum tax. Effective in the first quarter of the Company’s fiscal year ending January 31, 2025, a number of countries have proposed or enacted legislation to implement core elements of the Pillar Two proposal. Pillar Two did not have a significant impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended April 30, 2024. While the Company is monitoring developments and evaluating the potential impact on future periods, the Company does not expect Pillar Two to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2025.

The Company continues to monitor and interpret the impact of proposed and enacted global tax legislation. To date, globally enacted tax legislation has not materially impacted income tax expense of the financial statements due to the presence of net operating losses and full valuation allowances within the Company’s two most significant tax jurisdictions, the United States and Ireland.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Unless the context otherwise indicates, references in this report to the terms “MongoDB,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MongoDB, Inc., its divisions and its subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with (1) our interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and (2) the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024 (the “2024 Form 10-K”). All information presented herein is based on our fiscal calendar year, which ends January 31. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years, quarters, months or periods refer to our fiscal years ended January 31 and the associated quarters, months and periods of those fiscal years.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “will,” “would” or the negative or plural of these words or similar expressions or variations, including our expectations regarding our future growth opportunity, revenue and revenue growth, investments, strategy, operating expenses and the anticipated impact of the global economic uncertainty and financial market conditions, caused by the macroeconomic environment, on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified herein, and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors,” set forth in Part 2, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Our corporate website is located at www.mongodb.com. We make available free of charge, on or through our corporate website, our annual, quarterly and current reports, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing such reports with, or furnishing such reports to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Information contained on our corporate website is not part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or any other report filed with or furnished to the SEC.

Overview

MongoDB is the developer data platform company whose mission is to empower developers to create, transform, and disrupt industries by unleashing the power of software and data. The foundation of our offering is the world’s leading, modern general purpose database. Organizations can deploy our database at scale in the cloud, on-premises, or in a hybrid environment. Built on our unique document-based architecture, our database is designed to meet the needs of organizations for performance, scalability, flexibility and reliability while maintaining the strengths of relational databases. In addition to the database, our developer data platform includes a set of, tightly integrated, capabilities such as search, time series and application-driven analytics that allow developers to address a broader range of application requirements. Our business model combines the developer mindshare and adoption benefits of open source with the economic benefits of a proprietary software subscription business model. MongoDB is headquartered in New York City and our total headcount increased to 5,213 as of April 30, 2024, from 4,527 as of April 30, 2023.

We generate revenue primarily from sales of subscriptions, which accounted for 97% and 96% of our total revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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MongoDB Atlas is our hosted multi-cloud database-as-a-service (“DBaaS”) offering, which we run and manage in the cloud, and includes comprehensive infrastructure and management, as well as a host of additional features, such as MongoDB Atlas Search, vector search, time series and application-driven analytics. During the three months ended April 30, 2024, MongoDB Atlas revenue represented 70%, as compared to 65% of our total revenue during the three months ended April 30, 2023, reflecting the continued growth of MongoDB Atlas since its introduction in June 2016. We have experienced strong growth in self-serve customers of MongoDB Atlas, which are charged monthly in arrears based on their usage. We have also seen growth in MongoDB Atlas customers sold by our sales force, which typically sign annual contracts and pay in advance or are invoiced monthly in arrears based on usage. Customers sold by our sales force may also sign contracts that remain in effect until terminated and are invoiced monthly in arrears based on usage. We expect to continue to see a higher portion of our MongoDB Atlas contracts to be billed monthly in arrears based on usage without requiring upfront commitments.

MongoDB Enterprise Advanced is our proprietary commercial database server offering for enterprise customers that can run in the cloud, on-premises or in a hybrid environment. MongoDB Enterprise Advanced revenue represented 25% and 28% of our subscription revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We sell subscriptions directly through our field and inside sales teams, as well as indirectly through channel partners. The majority of our subscription contracts are one year in duration and are invoiced upfront. When we enter into multi-year subscriptions, the customer is typically invoiced on an annual basis or pays upfront.

Many of our enterprise customers initially get to know our software by using Community Server, which is our free-to-download version of our database that includes the core functionality developers need to get started with MongoDB without all the features of our commercial platform. Our platform has been downloaded from our website more than 500 million times since February 2009. We also offer a free tier of MongoDB Atlas, which provides access to our hosted database solution with limited processing power and storage, as well as certain operational limitations. As a result, with the availability of both Community Server and MongoDB Atlas free tier offerings, our direct sales prospects are often familiar with our platform and may have already built applications using our technology. A core component of our growth strategy for MongoDB Atlas and MongoDB Enterprise Advanced is to convert developers and their organizations who are already using Community Server or the free tier of MongoDB Atlas to become customers of our commercial products and enjoy the benefits of either a self-managed or hosted offering.

We also generate revenue from services, which consist primarily of fees associated with consulting and training services. Revenue from services accounted for 3% and 4% of our total revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 respectively. We expect to continue to invest in our services organization as we believe it plays an important role in accelerating our customers’ realization of the benefits of our platform, which helps drive customer retention and expansion.

We believe the market for our offerings is large and growing. According to IDC, the worldwide database software market, which it refers to as the database management software market, was $93 billion in 2023 growing to approximately $170 billion in 2028. This represents a 13% compound annual growth rate.

We have experienced rapid growth and have made substantial investments in developing our platform and expanding our sales and marketing footprint. We intend to continue to invest to grow our business to take advantage of our market opportunity.

Key Factors Affecting Our Performance

Macroeconomic and Other Factors

Our operational and financial performance is subject to risks including those caused by the adverse macroeconomic environment and the geopolitical landscape.

Adverse macroeconomic conditions include slower or negative economic growth, higher inflation and higher interest rates. During the three months ended April 30, 2024, the macroeconomic environment negatively impacted our business. For instance, we experienced slower than historical growth rates for our existing MongoDB Atlas applications. While the impact of these macroeconomic conditions on our business, results of operations and financial position remain uncertain over the long term, we expect to experience macroeconomic headwinds on growth rate for our existing MongoDB Atlas applications in the short term.

We continue to monitor the developments of the macroeconomic environment and the geopolitical landscape. As these factors develop and we evaluate their impact on our business, we may adjust our business practices accordingly. For further

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discussion of the potential impacts of these and other factors on our business, operating results, and financial condition, see the section titled “Risk Factors” included in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Growing Our Customer Base and Expanding Our Global Reach

We are intensely focused on continuing to grow our customer base. We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, in our sales and marketing efforts and developer community outreach, which are critical to driving customer acquisition. As of April 30, 2024, we had over 49,200 customers across a wide range of industries and in over 100 countries, compared to over 43,100 customers as of April 30, 2023. All affiliated entities are counted as a single customer and our definition of “customer” excludes users of our free offerings.

As of April 30, 2024, we had over 7,100 customers that were sold through our direct sales force and channel partners, as compared to over 6,700 such customers as of April 30, 2023. These customers, which we refer to as our Direct Sales Customers, accounted for 87% of our subscription revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 88% of our subscription revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2023. We plan to continue to invest in acquiring new customers and additional workloads from existing customers across all of our channels. We had over 47,700 MongoDB Atlas customers as of April 30, 2024 compared to over 41,600 as of April 30, 2023. The growth in MongoDB Atlas customers included new customers to MongoDB and existing MongoDB Enterprise Advanced customers adding incremental MongoDB Atlas workloads.

Retaining and Expanding Revenue from Existing Customers

The economic attractiveness of our subscription-based model is driven by customer renewals and increasing existing customer subscriptions over time, referred to as land-and-expand. We believe that there is a significant opportunity to drive additional sales to existing customers, and expect to invest in sales and marketing and customer success personnel and activities to achieve additional revenue growth from existing customers. If an application grows and requires additional capacity, our customers increase their usage of our platform. Growth of an application is impacted by a number of factors including the macroeconomic environment. During the three months ended April 30, 2024, we believe we experienced a negative impact from the macroeconomic environment on the growth of existing Atlas applications, which affected our revenue growth. We expect the macroeconomic environment to continue to negatively impact our revenue growth for the remainder of the year. In addition, our customers add incremental workloads or expand their subscriptions to our platform as they migrate additional existing applications or build new applications, either within the same department or in other lines of business or geographies. Also, as customers modernize their information technology infrastructure and move to the cloud, they may migrate applications from legacy databases. Our goal is to increase the number of customers that standardize on our platform within their organization, as well as add new workloads with new and existing customers. Over time, the subscription amount for our typical Direct Sales Customer has increased.

We calculate annualized recurring revenue (“ARR”) and annualized monthly recurring revenue (“MRR”) to help us measure our subscription revenue performance. ARR includes the revenue we expect to receive from our customers over the following 12 months based on contractual commitments and, in the case of Direct Sales Customers of MongoDB Atlas, by annualizing the prior 90 days of their actual usage of MongoDB Atlas, assuming no increases or reductions in their subscriptions or usage. For all other customers of our self-serve products, we calculate annualized MRR by annualizing the prior 30 days of their actual usage of such products, assuming no increases or reductions in usage. ARR and annualized MRR exclude professional services. The number of customers with $100,000 or greater in ARR and annualized MRR was 2,137 and 1,761 as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our ability to increase sales to existing customers will depend on a number of factors, including customers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our products and services, competition, pricing, economic conditions or overall changes in our customers’ spending levels.

We also examine the rate at which our customers increase their spend with us, which we call net ARR expansion rate. We calculate net ARR expansion rate by dividing the ARR at the close of a given period (the “measurement period”), from customers who were also customers at the close of the same period in the prior year (the “base period”), by the ARR from all customers at the close of the base period, including those who churned or reduced their subscriptions. For Direct Sales Customers included in the base period, measurement period or both such periods that were self-serve customers in any such period, we also include annualized MRR from those customers in the calculation of the net ARR expansion rate. Our net ARR expansion rate has consistently been over 120% demonstrating our ability to expand within existing customers.

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Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Subscription Revenue. Our subscription revenue is comprised of term licenses and hosted as-a-service solutions. Revenue from our MongoDB Atlas offering is primarily generated on a usage basis and is billed either monthly in arrears or paid upfront. Subscriptions to term licenses include technical support and access to new software versions on a when-and-if available basis. Revenue from our term licenses is recognized upfront for the license component and ratably for the technical support and when-and-if available update components. Associated contracts are typically billed annually in advance. The majority of our subscription contracts are one year in duration. When we enter into multi-year subscriptions, the customer is typically invoiced on an annual basis or pays upfront. Our subscription contracts are generally non-cancelable and non-refundable.

Services Revenue. Services revenue is comprised of consulting and training services and is recognized over the period of delivery of the applicable services. We recognize revenue from services agreements as services are delivered.

We expect our revenue may vary from period to period based on, among other things, the timing and size of new subscriptions, customer usage patterns, the proportion of term license contracts that commence within the period, the rate of customer renewals and expansions, delivery of professional services, the impact of significant transactions and seasonality of or fluctuations in usage from our MongoDB Atlas customers.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of Subscription Revenue. Cost of subscription revenue primarily includes third-party cloud infrastructure expenses for our hosted as-a-service solutions. We expect our cost of subscription revenue to increase in absolute dollars as our subscription revenue increases and, depending on the results of MongoDB Atlas, our cost of subscription revenue may increase as a percentage of subscription revenue as well. Cost of subscription revenue also includes personnel costs, including salaries, bonuses and benefits and stock-based compensation, for employees associated with our subscription arrangements principally related to technical support and allocated shared costs, as well as depreciation and amortization.

Cost of Services Revenue. Cost of services revenue primarily includes personnel costs, including salaries, bonuses and benefits, and stock‑based compensation, for employees associated with our professional service contracts, as well as, travel costs, allocated shared costs and depreciation and amortization. We expect our cost of services revenue to increase in absolute dollars as our services revenue increases.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Gross Profit. Gross profit represents revenue less cost of revenue.

Gross Margin. Gross margin, or gross profit as a percentage of revenue, has been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors, including the average sales price of our products and services, the mix of products sold, transaction volume growth and the mix of revenue between subscriptions and services. We expect our gross margin to fluctuate over time depending on the factors described above and, to the extent MongoDB Atlas revenue increases as a percentage of total revenue, our gross margin may decline as a result of the associated hosting costs of MongoDB Atlas.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses. Personnel costs are the most significant component of each category of operating expenses. Operating expenses also include travel and related costs and allocated overhead costs for facilities, information technology and employee benefit costs.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expense consists primarily of personnel costs, including salaries, sales commission and benefits, bonuses and stock‑based compensation. These expenses also include costs related to marketing programs, travel‑related expenses and allocated overhead. Marketing programs consist of advertising, events, corporate communications, and brand‑building and developer‑community activities. We expect our sales and marketing expense to increase in absolute dollars over time as we expand our sales force and increase our marketing resources, expand into new markets and further develop our self-serve and partner channels.

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Research and Development. Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel costs, including salaries, bonuses and benefits, and stock‑based compensation. It also includes amortization associated with intangible acquired assets and allocated overhead. We expect our research and development expenses to continue to increase in absolute dollars, as we continue to invest in our developer data platform and develop new products.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel costs, including salaries, bonuses and benefits, and stock‑based compensation for administrative functions including finance, legal, human resources and external legal and accounting fees, as well as allocated overhead. We expect general and administrative expense to increase in absolute dollars over time as we continue to invest in the growth of our business, as well as incur the ongoing costs of compliance associated with being a publicly-traded company.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income, interest expense, gains and losses on financial instruments and gains and losses from foreign currency transactions.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes consists primarily of state income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions in which we conduct business.

We account for income taxes and the related accounts under the liability method. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted rates expected to be in effect during the year in which the basis differences reverse.

We regularly assess the need for a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. In making that assessment, we consider both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets to determine, based on the weight of available evidence, whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We have maintained a valuation allowance on U.S., U.K. and Ireland net deferred tax assets, as it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 Summary

For the three months ended April 30, 2024, our total revenue increased to $450.6 million as compared to $368.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2023, primarily driven by an increase in subscription revenue from our Direct Sales Customers. Our net loss increased to $80.6 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024 as compared to $54.2 million for the three months ended April 30, 2023, primarily driven by higher sales and marketing spend and research and development costs during the three months ended April 30, 2024, partially offset by the increase in revenue.

Our operating cash flow was $63.6 million and $53.7 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented in U.S. dollars (unaudited, in thousands) and as a percentage of our total revenue. Percentage of revenue figures are rounded and therefore may not subtotal exactly.

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
Revenue:
Subscription	$	436,896	$	354,714
Services	13,665		13,566
Total revenue	450,561		368,280
Cost of revenue:
Subscription(1)	100,762		78,173
Services(1)	21,935		19,276
Total cost of revenue	122,697		97,449
Gross profit	327,864		270,831
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing(1)	219,444		182,733
Research and development(1)	146,060		116,817
General and administrative(1)	60,546		39,828
Total operating expenses	426,050		339,378
Loss from operations	(98,186)		(68,547)
Other income, net	20,174		16,788
Loss before provision for income taxes	(78,012)		(51,759)
Provision for income taxes	2,581		2,487
Net loss	$	(80,593)	$	(54,246)

(1)    Includes stock‑based compensation expense as follows (unaudited, in thousands):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Cost of revenue—subscription	$	6,163	$	5,514
Cost of revenue—services	3,255		2,948
Sales and marketing	39,613		37,606
Research and development	55,173		44,066
General and administrative	16,559		13,821
Total stock‑based compensation expense	$	120,763	$	103,955

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	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Percentage of Revenue Data:
Revenue:
Subscription	97	%	96	%
Services	3	%	4	%
Total revenue	100	%	100	%
Cost of revenue:
Subscription	22	%	21	%
Services	5	%	5	%
Total cost of revenue	27	%	26	%
Gross profit	73	%	74	%
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	49	%	50	%
Research and development	32	%	32	%
General and administrative	14	%	11	%
Total operating expenses	95	%	93	%
Loss from operations	(22)	%	(19)	%
Other income, net	5	%	5	%
Loss before provision for income taxes	(17)	%	(14)	%
Provision for income taxes	1	%	1	%
Net loss	(18)	%	(15)	%

Comparison of the Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenue

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
Subscription	$	436,896	$	354,714	$	82,182	23	%
Services	13,665		13,566		99		1	%
Total revenue	$	450,561	$	368,280	$	82,281	22	%

Total revenue growth reflects increased demand for our platform and related services. Subscription revenue increased by $82.2 million primarily due to an increase of $71.1 million from our Direct Sales Customers, inclusive of the impact from Direct Sales Customers who were self-serve customers of MongoDB Atlas in the prior-year period. The increase in services revenue was driven primarily by an increase in delivery of training services.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit and Gross Margin Percentage

	Three Months Ended April 30,						Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024			2023			$		%
Subscription cost of revenue	$	100,762		$	78,173		$	22,589	29	%
Services cost of revenue	21,935			19,276			2,659		14	%
Total cost of revenue	122,697			97,449			25,248		26	%
Gross profit	$	327,864		$	270,831		$	57,033	21	%
Gross margin	73		%	74		%
Subscription	77		%	78		%
Services	(61)		%	(42)		%

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The increase in subscription cost of revenue was primarily due to a $16.7 million increase in third‑party cloud infrastructure costs, including costs associated with the growth of MongoDB Atlas. The increase in third-party infrastructure costs was partly offset by continued cost efficiencies realized as we scale MongoDB Atlas. In addition, subscription cost of revenue was higher due to a $3.9 million increase in personnel costs and stock-based compensation associated with increased headcount in our support organization. The increase in services cost of revenue was primarily due to a $1.2 million increase in personnel costs and stock-based compensation, associated with increased headcount in our services organization, and a $0.7 million increase in third-party consultant costs related to the delivery of consulting and training services. Total headcount in our support and services organizations increased 13% from April 30, 2023 to April 30, 2024.

Our overall gross margin declined slightly to 73%. Our subscription gross margin declined to 77% due to an increase in subscription revenue from MongoDB Atlas as a percentage of our total revenue. Services gross margin declined due to the impact of higher services personnel costs and stock-based compensation.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
Sales and marketing	$	219,444	$	182,733	$	36,711	20	%

The increase in sales and marketing expense was driven by a $13.1 million increase in costs associated with certain in-person events, a $11.8 million increase in personnel costs and stock-based compensation expense, a $6.0 million increase in marketing programs and a $4.8 million increase in commission expense. Our sales and marketing headcount was 2,470 as of April 30, 2024, compared to 2,157 as of April 30, 2023.

Research and Development

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
Research and development	$	146,060	$	116,817	$	29,243	25	%

The increase in research and development expense was primarily driven by a $22.1 million increase in personnel costs and stock-based compensation as we grew our research and development headcount by 19%. In addition, research and development costs increased $4.4 million due to higher third-party infrastructure expenses related to development costs of our MongoDB Atlas offering.

General and Administrative

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
General and administrative	$	60,546	$	39,828	$	20,718	52	%

The increase in general and administrative expense was due to higher costs to support the growth of our business. In particular, these higher costs were driven by an increase in general and administrative personnel headcount resulting in $8.5 million higher personnel costs and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expense also increased $8.1 million due to value-added tax expense related to our operations in certain non-US jurisdictions. In addition, general and administrative expenses increased due to higher professional fees and higher software costs.

Other Income, Net

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
Other income, net	$	20,174	$	16,788	$	3,386	20	%

Other income, net for the three months ended April 30, 2024 improved primarily due to higher interest income from our short-term investments.

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Provision for Income Taxes

	Three Months Ended April 30,				Change
(unaudited, in thousands)	2024		2023		$		%
Provision for income taxes	$	2,581	$	2,487	$	94	4	%

The provision for income taxes during the three months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 was primarily due to foreign taxes as we continue our global expansion.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of April 30, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity were cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and restricted cash totaling $2.1 billion. Our cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of bank deposits and money market funds. Our short-term investments consist of U.S. government treasury securities, and our restricted cash represents collateral for our available credit on corporate credit cards. We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to fund our operating and capital needs for at least the next 12 months.

During the three months ended April 30, 2024, the Company elected to cash settle its Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes. As of April 30, 2024, the fair value of the derivative asset related to the Capped Calls associated with the 2024 Notes was $170.2 million and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We expect the settlement to be completed in June 2024.

We have generated significant operating losses and negative cash flows from operations as reflected in our accumulated deficit and historical consolidated statements of cash flows. As of April 30, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $1.8 billion. We expect to continue to incur operating losses, may continue to experience negative cash flows from operations in the future and may require additional capital resources to execute strategic initiatives to grow our business. Our future capital requirements and adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including our growth rate and any impact on it from global macroeconomic conditions, including rising interest rates, inflation and recent volatility in the banking sector, the timing and extent of spending to support development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing and international operation activities, the timing and size of new subscription introductions and customer usage of our developer data platform, the continuing market acceptance of our subscriptions and services and the impact of the macroeconomic conditions on the global economy and our business, financial condition and results of operations. As the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the global economy and our operations continues to evolve, we will continue to assess our liquidity needs. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, services and technologies, including intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented (unaudited, in thousands):

	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2024		2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	63,613	$	53,730
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(48,143)		211,282
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(1,140)		130

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended April 30, 2024 was $63.6 million, driven primarily by an increase in our cash collections reflecting overall growth of our sales and expansion of our customer base. Accordingly, our accounts receivable decreased by $59.3 million. In addition, our net loss of $80.6 million, includes non‑cash charges of $120.8 million for stock‑based compensation and $4.8 million for depreciation and amortization. Our accrued liabilities increased by $6.5 million reflecting our increase in expenses and timing of payments and other net non-cash charges increased cash from operating activities by $2.8 million. Partially offsetting these benefits to our operating cash flow were a decrease in deferred revenue of $37.4 million, amortization of premium and accretion of discount on short-term investments, net of $7.8 million, and an increase in deferred commissions of $4.8 million.

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Cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended April 30, 2023 was $53.7 million, driven primarily by an increase in our cash collections reflecting overall growth of our sales and expansion of our customer base. Accordingly, our accounts receivable decreased by $73.4 million. In addition, our net loss of $54.2 million, includes non‑cash charges of $104.0 million for stock‑based compensation and $4.4 million for depreciation and amortization. Partially offsetting these benefits to our operating cash flow were a decrease of $12.6 million in accrued liabilities, reflecting lower expenses and timing of payments, and a decrease in deferred revenue of $47.3 million.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities during the three months ended April 30, 2024 was $48.1 million, due to purchases of marketable securities, net of maturities, of $47.6 million, and cash used for purchases of property and equipment of $0.5 million.

Cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended April 30, 2023 was $211.3 million, primarily due to maturities of marketable securities, net of purchases, of $213.2 million and $1.3 million of additional investment in non-marketable securities.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities during the three months ended April 30, 2024 was $1.1 million, due to principal repayments of finance leases, partly offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended April 30, 2023 was $0.1 million, due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options, partly offset by principal repayments of finance leases.

Seasonality

We have in the past and expect in the future to experience seasonal fluctuations in our revenue and operating results from time to time. We may experience variability and reduced comparability of our quarterly revenue and operating results with respect to the timing and nature of certain of our contracts, particularly multi-year contracts that contain a term license. We may also experience fluctuations as MongoDB Atlas revenue is recorded on a consumption basis and varies with usage, including due to seasonal factors. As MongoDB Atlas revenue continues to increase as a percentage of total revenue, these fluctuations may have a greater impact on our results of operations. We believe that seasonal fluctuations that we have experienced in the past may continue in the future.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

During the three months ended April 30, 2024, there were no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations and commitments from those disclosed in our 2024 Form 10-K. Refer to Note 6, Leases and Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates.

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of the 2024 Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in our Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.

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ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We have operations both within the United States and internationally, and we are exposed to market risk in the ordinary course of business. The uncertainty that exists in the global economic environment has introduced significant volatility in the financial markets.

Interest Rate Risk

Our cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of bank deposits and money market funds, and our short-term investments consist of U.S. government treasury securities. As of April 30, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments of $2.1 billion. The carrying amount of our cash equivalents reasonably approximates fair value, due to the short maturities of these instruments. The primary objectives of our investment activities are the preservation of capital, the fulfillment of liquidity needs and the fiduciary control of cash and investments. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Our investments are exposed to market risk due to a fluctuation in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and the fair market value of our investments. The effect of a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in interest rates would not have had a material impact on the fair market value of our investments as of April 30, 2024.

In January 2020, we issued $1.15 billion aggregate principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due 2026 in a private placement (the “2026 Notes”). The fair value of the 2026 Notes is subject to interest rate risk, market risk and other factors due to the conversion feature. The fair value of the 2026 Notes will generally increase as our common stock price increases and will generally decrease as our common stock price declines. The interest and market value changes affect the fair value of the 2026 Notes, but do not impact our financial position, cash flows or results of operations due to the fixed nature of the debt obligation. Additionally, we carry the 2026 Notes at face value less unamortized issuance costs on our balance sheet, and we present the fair value for required disclosure purposes only.

Foreign Currency Risk

Our sales contracts are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, British pounds (“GBP”) or Euros (“EUR”). A portion of our operating expenses are incurred outside the United States and denominated in foreign currencies and are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the GBP and EUR. Additionally, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may cause us to recognize transaction gains and losses in our statements of operations. The effect of a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would not have a material impact on our historical consolidated financial statements for either of the three-month periods ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. Given the impact of foreign currency exchange rates has not been material to our historical operating results, we have not entered into derivative or hedging transactions, but we may do so in the future if our exposure to foreign currency should become more significant. As our international operations grow, we will continue to reassess our approach to manage our risk relating to fluctuations in currency rates.

Market Risk

We could experience additional volatility to our consolidated statements of operations due to observable price changes and impairments to our non-marketable securities. These changes could be material based on market conditions and events, particularly in periods of significant market fluctuations that affect our non-marketable securities. Our non-marketable securities are subject to a risk of partial or total loss of invested capital. For each of April 30, 2024 and January 31, 2024, the total amount of non-marketable securities included in other assets on our balance sheets was $12.9 million.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of April 30, 2024. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of April 30, 2024, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and Rule 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the three months ended April 30, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and are effective at the reasonable assurance level. However, our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The information required to be set forth under this Item 1 is incorporated by reference to Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-Q.

From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business.

Future litigation may be necessary to defend ourselves, our partners and our customers by determining the scope, enforceability and validity of third-party proprietary rights, or to establish our proprietary rights. The results of any current or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and, regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties including those described below. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, in addition to other information contained in this Form 10-Q, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks or others not specified below materialize, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

Risk Factors Summary

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk because we are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations, as more fully described below. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:

•Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global economy or reductions in information technology spending could limit our ability to grow our business and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

•Our business and results of operations depend substantially on our customers renewing their subscriptions with us and expanding their usage of software and related services. Any decline in our customer renewals or failure to convince our customers to broaden their usage of subscription offerings and related services could materially and adversely harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

•We may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business and future operating results, which would cause our stock price to decline.

•We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to predict our future results of operations.

•We have a history of losses and as our costs increase, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to achieve or sustain profitability.

•Because we derive more than the majority of our revenue from MongoDB Atlas, failure of MongoDB Atlas to satisfy customer demands could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects and our future revenue may be more difficult to predict.

•We currently face significant competition and expect that intense competition will continue.

•If we do not effectively expand our sales and marketing organization, we may be unable to add new customers or increase sales to our existing customers.

•Our decision to offer Community Server under the Server Side Public License (“SSPL”) may harm the adoption of Community Server.

•We could be negatively impacted if the GNU Affero General Public License Version 3 (the “AGPL”), the SSPL and other open source licenses under which some of our software is licensed are not enforceable.

•Our licensing model for Community Server could negatively affect our ability to monetize and protect our intellectual property rights.

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•We could incur substantial costs in obtaining, maintaining, protecting, defending or enforcing our intellectual property rights and any failure to obtain, maintain, protect, defend or enforce our intellectual property rights could reduce the value of our software and brand.

•If we are not able to introduce new features or services successfully and to make enhancements to our software or services, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

•We have experienced rapid growth in recent periods. If we fail to continue to grow and to manage our growth effectively, we may be unable to execute our business plan, increase our revenue, improve our results of operations, maintain high levels of service, or adequately address competitive challenges.

•If we or our third-party service providers, experience a security breach or other security incident, or unauthorized access to personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive data is otherwise obtained, our software may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or terminate their use of our software and we may face litigation, regulatory investigations, significant liability and reputational damage.

•If we are not able to maintain and enhance our brand, especially among developers, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global economy or reductions in information technology spending could limit our ability to grow our business and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide economic conditions and our results of operations may vary based on the impact of changes in our industry or the global economy on us or our customers. The revenue growth and potential profitability of our business depend on demand for database software and services generally and for our subscription offering and related services in particular. Current or future economic uncertainties or downturns could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Negative conditions in the general economy both in the United States and abroad, including conditions resulting from changes in gross domestic product growth, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures, rising interest rates, financial and credit market fluctuations, international trade relations and/or the imposition of trade tariffs, political turmoil, natural catastrophes, regional or global outbreaks of contagious diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, volatility in the banking sector, warfare and terrorist attacks on the United States, Europe, the Asia Pacific region or elsewhere, could cause a decrease in business investments, including spending on information technology, disrupt the timing and cadence of key industry and marketing events and otherwise could materially and adversely affect the growth of our business.

Geopolitical risks, including those arising from trade tension and/or the imposition of trade tariffs, terrorist activity or acts of civil or international hostility, are increasing. Similarly, the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine has had negative impacts on the global economy, including by contributing to rapidly rising costs of living (driven largely by higher energy prices) in Europe and created uncertainty in the global capital markets and is expected to have further global economic consequences, including disruptions of the global supply chain and energy markets. The ongoing military conflict between Israel and Hamas, and any resulting conflicts in the region, may have similar negative impacts. Further, other events outside of our control, including natural disasters, climate change-related events, pandemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) or health crises may arise from time to time and be accompanied by governmental actions that may increase international tension. Any such events and responses, including regulatory developments, may cause significant volatility and declines in the global markets, disproportionate impacts to certain industries or sectors, disruptions to commerce (including to economic activity, travel and supply chains), loss of life and property damage, and may materially and adversely affect the global economy or capital markets, as well as our business and results of operations.

Additionally, the global economy, including credit and financial markets, has experienced extreme volatility and disruptions and may continue to experience such disruptions in the future, including severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates, increases in inflation rates, higher interest rates and uncertainty about economic stability. As a result of these factors, our revenues may be affected by both decreased customer acquisition and lower than anticipated revenue growth from existing customers. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in widespread unemployment, economic slowdown and extreme volatility. Similarly, the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine has created extreme volatility in the global capital markets and has caused and could continue to cause disruptions of the global supply chain and energy markets. The ongoing military conflict between Israel and Hamas, and any resulting conflicts in the region, may have similar negative impacts. Any

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such volatility and disruptions may have material and adverse consequences on us, the third parties on whom we rely or our customers. Increased inflation and/or interest rates can adversely affect us by increasing our costs, including labor and employee benefit costs. Any significant increases in inflation and related increase in interest rates could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Further, to the extent there is a sustained general economic downturn and our database software is perceived by customers and potential customers as costly, or too difficult to deploy or migrate to, our revenue may be disproportionately affected by delays or reductions in general information technology spending. This could also result in an extension of our sales cycle with potential customers, thus increasing the time and cost associated with our sales process. Further, if our customers experience reductions in their technology spending, even if they choose to use our products, they may not purchase additional products and services in the future due to budget limitations.

In addition, the banking sector has previously experienced increased volatility as a result of several distressed or closed banks and financial institutions. While we have not suffered any material effects as a result of the increased financial market volatility, we do regularly maintain cash balances at third-party financial institutions in excess of government- insured limits, and if financial institutions used by us or our customers face insolvency or illiquidity challenges due to events affecting the banking system and / or financial markets, our and our customers' ability to access existing cash, cash equivalents, and investments may be threatened. To the extent that the resulting receivership or insolvency causes customers to be unable to, or causes delays, in accessing bank deposits, our customers may not be able to pay us on time or at all for the products and services that we provide them and they may not renew their subscriptions with us. The failure of banks or financial institutions and the measures taken by governments, businesses and other organizations in response to such events could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Also, competitors, many of whom are larger and more established than we are, may respond to market conditions by lowering prices and attempting to lure away our customers. In addition, the increased pace of consolidation in certain industries may result in reduced overall spending on our subscription offerings and related services. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown, instability or recovery, generally or within any particular industry. If the economic conditions of the general economy or markets in which we operate worsen from present levels, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to predict our future results of operations.

We were incorporated in 2007 and introduced MongoDB Community Server in 2009, MongoDB Enterprise Advanced in 2013 and MongoDB Atlas in 2016. As a result of our limited operating history, our ability to forecast our future results of operations is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to accurately predict future growth. Our historical revenue growth has been inconsistent and should not be considered indicative of our future performance. Further, in future periods, our revenue growth could slow or our revenue could decline for a number of reasons, including slowing adoption or usage of MongoDB or demand for our subscription offerings and related services, reduced conversion of users of our free offerings to paying customers, increasing competition, changes to technology or our intellectual property or our failure, for any reason, to continue to capitalize on growth opportunities. We have also encountered and will encounter risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries, such as the risks and uncertainties described herein. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties and our future revenue growth are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our operating and financial results could differ materially from our expectations and our business could suffer.

We have a history of losses and as our costs increase, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to achieve or sustain profitability.

We have incurred net losses in each period since our inception, including net losses of $176.6 million, $345.4 million and $306.9 million for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We had an accumulated deficit of $1.7 billion as of January 31, 2024. We expect our operating expenses to increase significantly as we increase our sales and marketing efforts, continue to invest in research and development and expand our operations and infrastructure, both domestically and internationally. In particular, we have entered into non-cancelable multi-year capacity commitments with respect to cloud infrastructure services with certain third-party cloud providers, which require us to pay for such capacity irrespective of actual usage. In addition, we have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses related to being a public company. While our revenue has grown in recent years, if our revenue declines or fails to grow at a rate faster than these increases in our operating expenses, we will not be able to achieve

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and maintain profitability in future periods. As a result, we expect to continue to generate losses. We cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability in the future or that, if we do become profitable, we will be able to sustain profitability.

Because we derive more than the majority of our revenue from MongoDB Atlas, failure of MongoDB Atlas to satisfy customer demands could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects and our future revenue may be more difficult to predict.

We derive and expect to continue to derive more than the majority of our revenue from MongoDB Atlas, our database-as-a-service offering, which is primarily recognized on a usage-basis. As such, market adoption and usage of MongoDB Atlas is critical to our continued success. Although MongoDB Atlas has seen rapid adoption since its commercial launch in June 2016, and though we intend to continue to direct a significant portion of our financial and operating resources to develop and grow MongoDB Atlas, including offering a free tier of MongoDB Atlas to generate developer usage and awareness, we cannot guarantee that rate of adoption will continue at the same pace or at all. Demand for MongoDB Atlas is affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including economic downturns, continued market acceptance by developers, the availability of our Community Server offering, the continued volume, variety and velocity of data that is generated, timing of development and release of new offerings by our competitors, technological change and the rate of growth in our market. For instance, among other factors, the adverse macroeconomic conditions resulted in slower than historical growth of our existing Atlas applications for the three months ended April 30, 2024. If we are unable to continue to meet the demands of our customers and the developer community, our business operations, financial results and growth prospects will be materially and adversely affected. In addition, because our customer’s usage of MongoDB Atlas may vary for a number of reasons, our visibility into the timing of revenue recognition is limited. There is a risk that customers will consume our MongoDB Atlas offering more slowly than we expect, and our actual results may differ from our forecasts and our future revenue may be less predictable going forward due to, among other things, fluctuations in the rate of customer renewals and expansions and seasonality of, or fluctuations in, usage of MongoDB Atlas.

Our business and results of operations depend substantially on our customers renewing their subscriptions with us and expanding their usage of software and related services. Any decline in our customer renewals or failure to convince our customers to broaden their usage of subscription offerings and related services could materially and adversely harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our subscription offerings are term-based and a majority of our subscription contracts were one year in duration in fiscal year 2024. In order for us to maintain or improve our results of operations, it is important that our customers renew their subscriptions with us when the existing subscription term expires and renew on the same or more favorable quantity and terms. Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions and we may not be able to accurately predict customer renewal rates. In addition, the growth of our business depends in part on our customers expanding their use of subscription offerings and related services, including increasing their usage and workloads with us. Historically, some of our customers have elected not to renew their subscriptions with us or have not expanded their usage of our services over time for a variety of reasons, including as a result of changes in their strategic IT priorities, budgets, costs and, in some instances, due to competing solutions. Our retention rate and our net ARR expansion rate may also decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of other factors, including our customers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our software, the increase in the contract value of subscription and support contracts from new customers, the effectiveness of our customer support services, our pricing, the prices of competing products or services, mergers and acquisitions affecting our customer base, global economic conditions and the other risk factors described herein. As a result, we cannot assure you that customers will renew subscriptions or increase their usage of our software and related services. If our customers do not renew their subscriptions or renew on less favorable terms, or if we are unable to expand our customers’ usage of our software, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

Further, to the extent there is a sustained general economic downturn and our database software is perceived by customers and potential customers as costly, or too difficult to deploy or migrate to, our revenue may be disproportionately affected by delays or reductions in general information technology spending. See “—Unfavorable conditions in our industry or the global economy or reductions in information technology spending could limit our ability to grow our business and materially and adversely affect our results of operations.”

We currently face significant competition and expect that intense competition will continue.

The database software market, for both relational and non-relational database products, is highly competitive, rapidly evolving and others may put out competing databases or sell services in connection with existing open source or source available databases, including ours. The principal competitive factors in our market include: mindshare with software

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developers and information technology (“IT”) executives; product capabilities, including flexibility, scalability, performance, security and reliability; flexible deployment options, including fully managed as a service or self-managed in the cloud, on-premises or in a hybrid environment and ease of deployment; breadth of use cases supported; ease of integration with existing IT infrastructure; robustness of professional services and customer support; price and total cost of ownership; adherence to industry standards and certifications, including cybersecurity standards and certifications; size of customer base and level of user adoption; strength of sales and marketing efforts; and brand awareness and reputation. If we fail to compete effectively with respect to any of these competitive factors, we may fail to attract new customers or lose or fail to renew existing customers, which would cause our business and results of operations to suffer.

We primarily compete with established legacy database software providers such as IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and other similar companies. We also compete with public cloud providers such as Amazon Web Services (“AWS”), Google Cloud Platform (“GCP”) and Microsoft Azure that offer database functionality and with non-relational database software providers. In addition, other large software and internet companies may seek to enter our market.

Some of our actual and potential competitors, in particular the legacy relational database providers and large cloud providers, have advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, more established relationships with current or potential customers and commercial partners, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, stronger brand recognition, larger intellectual property portfolios and broader global distribution and presence. Such competitors may make their products available at a low cost or no cost basis in order to enhance their overall relationships with current or potential customers. Our competitors may also be able to respond more quickly and effectively than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or customer requirements, or may be able to devote greater resources than we can to the development, promotion, and sale of their products and services. As we introduce new technologies and product enhancements, and as our existing markets see more market entry, we expect competition to intensify in the future. In addition, some of our larger competitors have substantially broader offerings and can bundle competing products with hardware or other software offerings, including their cloud computing and customer relationship management platforms. As a result, customers may choose a bundled offering from our competitors, even if individual products have more limited functionality compared to our software. These larger competitors are also often in a better position to withstand any significant reduction in technology spending and will therefore not be as susceptible to competition or economic downturns. In addition, some competitors may offer products or services that address one or a limited number of functions at lower prices, with greater depth than our products or in geographies where we do not operate.

Furthermore, our actual and potential competitors may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties that may further enhance their resources and offerings in the markets we address. In addition, third parties with greater available resources may acquire current or potential competitors. As a result of such relationships and acquisitions, our actual or potential competitors might be able to adapt more quickly to new technologies and customer needs, devote greater resources to the promotion or sale of their products, initiate or withstand substantial price competition, take advantage of other opportunities more readily or develop and expand their offerings more quickly than we do. For all of these reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors.

If we do not effectively expand our sales and marketing organization, we may be unable to add new customers or increase sales to our existing customers.

Increasing our customer base and achieving broader market acceptance of our subscription offerings and related services will depend, to a significant extent, on our ability to timely and effectively expand our sales and marketing operations and activities. We are substantially dependent on our direct sales force and our marketing efforts to obtain new customers. We plan to continue to expand our sales and marketing organization both domestically and internationally. We believe that there is significant competition for experienced sales professionals with the sales skills and technical knowledge that we require, particularly as we continue to target larger enterprises. Our ability to achieve significant revenue growth in the future will depend, in part, on our success in recruiting, training and retaining a sufficient number of experienced sales professionals, especially in highly competitive markets. New hires require significant training and time before they achieve full productivity, particularly in new or developing sales territories. Our recent hires and planned hires may not become as productive as quickly as we expect, and we may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals in the future in the markets where we do business. Because of our limited operating history, we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, our sales will increase as we expand our sales and marketing organization or how long it will take for sales personnel to become productive. Our business and results of operations could be harmed if the expansion of our sales and marketing organization does not generate a significant increase in revenue.

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Our adoption strategies include offering Community Server and a free tier of MongoDB Atlas and we may not be able to realize the intended benefits of these strategies.

To encourage developer usage, familiarity and adoption of our platform, we offer Community Server as a “freemium” offering. Community Server is a free-to-download version of our database that does not include all of the features of our commercial platform. We also offer a free tier of MongoDB Atlas in order to accelerate adoption, promote usage and drive brand and product awareness. We do not know if we will be able to convert these users to paying customers of our platform. Our marketing strategy also depends in part on persuading users who use one of these free versions to convince others within their organization to purchase and deploy our platform. To the extent that users of Community Server or our free tier of MongoDB Atlas do not become, or lead others to become, paying customers, we will not realize the intended benefits of these strategies and our ability to grow our business or achieve profitability may be harmed.

Our decision to offer Community Server under the SSPL, may harm the adoption of Community Server.

On October 16, 2018, we announced that we were changing the license for Community Server from the AGPL to a new software license, the SSPL. The SSPL builds on the spirit of the AGPL, but includes an explicit condition that any organization attempting to exploit MongoDB as a service must open source the software that it uses to offer such service. Since the SSPL is a new license and has not been interpreted by any court, developers and the companies they work for may be hesitant to adopt Community Server because of uncertainty around the provisions of the SSPL and how it will be interpreted and enforced. In addition, the SSPL has not been approved by the Open Source Initiative, nor has it been included in the Free Software Foundation’s list of free software licenses. This may negatively impact the adoption of Community Server, which in turn could lead to reduced brand and product awareness, ultimately leading to a decline in paying customers and our ability to grow our business or achieve profitability may be harmed.

We track certain operational metrics with internal systems and tools and do not independently verify such metrics. Certain of our operational metrics are subject to inherent challenges in measurement, and any real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may adversely affect our business and reputation.

We track certain operational metrics, including annualized recurring revenue (“ARR”), annualized monthly recurring revenue (“MRR”), ARR expansion rate, Total Customers, Direct Sales Customers, MongoDB Atlas Customers, Customers over 100K and Downloads of our platform and non-GAAP metrics such as non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP operating expenses, non-GAAP income (loss) from operations, non-GAAP net income (loss), non-GAAP net income (loss) per share and free cash flow. These operational metrics are tracked with internal systems and tools that are not independently verified by any third party and which may differ from estimates or similar metrics published by third parties due to differences in sources, methodologies, or the assumptions on which we rely. Our internal systems and tools have a number of limitations, and our methodologies for tracking these metrics may change over time, which could result in unexpected changes to our metrics, including the metrics we publicly disclose. If the internal systems and tools we use to track these metrics undercount or overcount performance or contain algorithmic or other technical errors, the data we report may not be accurate. While these numbers are based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our metrics for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring how our platform is used across large populations. In addition, limitations or errors with respect to how we measure data or with respect to the data that we measure may affect our understanding of certain details of our business, which could affect our long-term strategies. If our operating metrics are not accurate representations of our business, if investors do not perceive our operating metrics to be accurate, or if we discover material inaccuracies with respect to these figures, we expect that our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

We could be negatively impacted if the AGPL, the SSPL and other open source licenses under which some of our software is licensed are not enforceable.

The versions of Community Server released prior to October 16, 2018 are licensed under the AGPL. This license states that any program licensed under it may be copied, modified and distributed provided certain conditions are met. On October 16, 2018, we issued a new software license, the SSPL, for all versions of Community Server released on or after that date. The SSPL builds on the spirit of the AGPL, but includes an explicit condition that any organization using Community Server to offer MongoDB as a third-party service must open source the software that it uses to offer such service. It is possible that a court could hold the SSPL or AGPL to be unenforceable. If a court held either license or certain aspects of this license to be unenforceable, others may be able to use our software to compete with us in the marketplace in a manner not subject to the restrictions set forth in the SSPL or AGPL.

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Our licensing model for Community Server could negatively affect our ability to monetize and protect our intellectual property rights.

We make our Community Server offering available under either the SSPL (for versions released on or after October 16, 2018) or the AGPL (for versions released prior to October 16, 2018). Community Server is a free-to-download version of our database that includes the core functionality developers need to get started with MongoDB but not all of the features of our commercial platform. Both the SSPL and the AGPL grant licensees broad freedom to view, use, copy, modify and redistribute the source code of Community Server provided certain conditions are met. Some commercial enterprises consider SSPL- or AGPL-licensed software to be unsuitable for commercial use because of the “copyleft” requirements of those licenses. However, some of those same commercial enterprises do not have the same concerns regarding using the software under the SSPL or AGPL for internal purposes. As a result, these commercial enterprises may never convert to paying customers of our platform. Anyone can obtain a free copy of Community Server from the internet and we do not know who all of our SSPL or AGPL licensees are. Competitors could develop modifications of our software to compete with us in the marketplace. We do not have visibility into how our software is being used by licensees, so our ability to detect violations of the SSPL or AGPL is extremely limited.

In addition to Community Server, we contribute other source code to open source projects under open source licenses and release internal software projects under open source licenses and anticipate doing so in the future. Because the source code for Community Server and any other software we contribute to open source projects or distribute under open source licenses is publicly available, our ability to monetize and protect our intellectual property rights with respect to such source code may be limited or, in some cases, lost entirely.

Our software incorporates third-party open source software, which could negatively affect our ability to sell our products and subject us to possible litigation.

Our software includes third-party open source software and we intend to continue to incorporate third-party open source software in our products in the future. There is a risk that the use of third-party open source software in our software could impose conditions or restrictions on our ability to monetize our software. Although we monitor the incorporation of open source software into our products to avoid such restrictions, we cannot be certain that we have not incorporated open source software in our products or platform in a manner that is inconsistent with our licensing model or that we have not breached the terms of an applicable open source license agreement, in part because open source license terms are often ambiguous. Certain open source projects also include other open source software and there is a risk that those dependent open source libraries may be subject to inconsistent licensing terms. This could create further uncertainties as to the governing terms for the open source software we incorporate.

In addition, the terms of certain open source licenses to which we are subject have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts and there is a risk that open source software licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated restrictions or conditions on our use of such software. Additionally, we may from time to time face claims from third parties claiming ownership of, or demanding release of, the software or derivative works that we developed using such open source software, which could include proprietary portions of our source code, or otherwise seeking to enforce the terms of the applicable open source licenses. These claims could result in litigation and could require us to make those proprietary portions of our source code freely available, purchase a costly license or cease offering the implicated software or services unless and until we can re-engineer them to avoid infringement. This re-engineering process could require significant additional research and development resources and we may not be able to complete it successfully.

In addition to risks related to license requirements, the use of third-party open source software can lead to greater risks than the use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties, indemnities or other contractual protections with respect to the software (for example, non-infringement or functionality). There is typically no support available for open source software, and we cannot ensure that the authors of such open source software will implement or push updates to address security risks or will not abandon further development and maintenance. Our use of open source software may also present additional security risks because the source code for open source software is publicly available, which may make it easier for hackers and other third parties to determine how to breach our systems and networks that rely on open source software. In addition, licensors of open source software included in our offerings may, from time to time, modify the terms of their license agreements in such a manner that those license terms may become incompatible with our licensing model and thus could, among other consequences, prevent us from incorporating the software subject to the modified license.

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Any of these risks could be difficult to eliminate or manage and if not addressed, could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are not able to introduce new features or services successfully and to make enhancements to our software or services, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to attract new customers and increase revenue from existing customers depends in part on our ability to enhance and improve our software and to introduce new features and services. To grow our business and remain competitive, we must continue to enhance our software and develop features that reflect the constantly evolving nature of technology and our customers’ needs. For instance, with the development of next-generation solutions that utilize new and advanced features, including artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine learning, we may be required to commit significant resources to developing new products, enhancements and developments. The success of new products, enhancements and developments depends on several factors: our anticipation of market changes and demands for product features, including timely product introduction and conclusion, sufficient customer demand, cost effectiveness in our product development efforts and the proliferation of new technologies that are able to deliver competitive products and services at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently or more securely. In addition, because our software is designed to operate with a variety of systems, applications, data and devices, we will need to continuously modify and enhance our software to keep pace with changes in such systems. We may not be successful in developing these modifications and enhancements. Furthermore, the addition of features and solutions to our software will increase our research and development expenses. Any new features that we develop may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner or may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate sufficient revenue to justify the related expenses. It is difficult to predict customer adoption of new features. Such uncertainty limits our ability to forecast our future results of operations and subjects us to a number of challenges, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. If we cannot address such uncertainties and successfully develop new features, enhance our software or otherwise overcome technological challenges and competing technologies, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We also offer professional services including consulting and training and must continually adapt to assist our customers in deploying our software in accordance with their specific IT strategies. If we cannot introduce new services or enhance our existing services to keep pace with changes in our customers’ deployment strategies, we may not be able to attract new customers, retain existing customers and expand their use of our software or secure renewal contracts, which are important for the future of our business.

Our success is highly dependent on our ability to penetrate the existing market for database products, as well as the growth and expansion of the market for database products.

Our future success will depend in large part on our ability to service existing demand, as well as the continued growth and expansion of the database market. It is difficult to predict demand for our offerings, the conversion from one to the other and related services and the size, growth rate and expansion of these markets, the entry of competitive products or the success of existing competitive products. Our ability to penetrate the existing database market and any expansion of the market depends on a number of factors, including cost, performance and perceived value associated with our subscription offerings, as well as our customers’ willingness to adopt an alternative approach to relational and other database products available in the market. Furthermore, many of our potential customers have made significant investments in relational databases, such as offerings from Oracle, and may be unwilling to invest in new products. If the market for databases fails to grow at the rate that we anticipate or decreases in size or we are not successful in penetrating the existing market, our business would be harmed.

Our future quarterly results may fluctuate significantly and if we fail to meet the expectations of analysts or investors, our stock price could decline substantially.

Our results of operations, including our revenue, operating expenses and cash flows may vary significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, may be difficult to predict and may or may not fully reflect the underlying performance of our business and period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful. Some of the factors that may cause our results of operations to fluctuate from quarter to quarter include:

•changes in actual and anticipated growth rates of our revenue, customers and other key operating metrics;

•new product announcements, pricing changes and other actions by competitors;

•the mix of revenue and associated costs attributable to subscriptions for our MongoDB Atlas and MongoDB Enterprise Advanced offerings (such as our non-cancelable multi-year cloud infrastructure capacity commitments,

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which require us to pay for such capacity irrespective of actual usage) and professional services, as such relative mix may impact our gross margins and operating income;

•the mix of revenue and associated costs attributable to sales where subscriptions are bundled with services versus sold on a standalone basis and sales by us and our partners;

•our ability to attract new customers;

•our ability to timely and effectively expand our sales and marketing capabilities and teams;

•our ability to retain customers and expand their usage of our software, particularly for our largest customers;

•our inability to enforce the AGPL or SSPL;

•delays in closing sales, including the timing of renewals, which may result in revenue being pushed into the next quarter, particularly because a large portion of our sales occur toward the end of each quarter;

•the timing of revenue recognition;

•the mix of revenue attributable to larger transactions as opposed to smaller transactions;

•changes in customers’ budgets and in the timing of their budgeting cycles and purchasing decisions;

•changes in customers’ consumption of our platform;

•customers and potential customers opting for alternative products, including developing their own in-house solutions, or opting to use only the free version of our products;

•fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

•our ability to control costs, including our operating expenses;

•the timing and success of new products, features and services offered by us and our competitors or any other change in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors, customers or strategic partners;

•significant security breaches or other security incidents, technical difficulties, or interruptions with respect to the delivery and use of our software;

•our failure to maintain the level of service uptime and performance required by our customers;

•the collectability of receivables from customers and resellers, which may be hindered or delayed if these customers or resellers experience financial distress;

•changes in political and economic conditions, in domestic or international markets;

•general economic conditions, both domestically and internationally, including warfare and terrorist attacks on the United States and other regions in which we or our customers operate, such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Israel-Hamas conflict, as well as economic conditions specifically affecting industries in which our customers participate;

•sales tax and other tax determinations by authorities in the jurisdictions in which we conduct business;

•the impact of new accounting pronouncements; and

•fluctuations in stock-based compensation expense.

The occurrence of one or more of the foregoing and other factors may cause our results of operations to vary significantly and be materially and adversely affected. For example, fluctuations in our quarterly operating results and the price of our common stock may be particularly pronounced in the current economic environment due to the ongoing geopolitical instability resulting from the conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and Israel and Hamas, severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates, instability in the banking sector, increases in inflation rates, higher interest rates and uncertainty about economic stability. In response to the concerns over inflation risk, the U.S. Federal Reserve has raised interest rates multiple times, and signaled that they will continue to adjust interest rates to stabilize and reduce current levels of inflation. It is especially difficult to predict the impact of such events on the global economic markets, which have been and will continue to be highly dependent upon the actions of governments, businesses, and other enterprises in response to the pandemic and macroeconomic events, and the effectiveness of those actions. Any of these factors or any combination thereof could

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materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. For instance, among other factors, the adverse macroeconomic conditions resulted in slower than historical growth of our existing Atlas applications for the three months ended April 30, 2024. We also intend to continue to invest to grow our business and to take advantage of our market opportunity. Accordingly, historical patterns and our results of operations in any one quarter may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance. Additionally, if our quarterly results of operations fall below the expectations of investors or securities analysts who follow our stock, the price of our common stock could decline substantially and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class action suits.

We have experienced rapid growth in recent periods. If we fail to continue to grow and to manage our growth effectively, we may be unable to execute our business plan, increase our revenue, improve our results of operations, maintain high levels of service, or adequately address competitive challenges.

We have experienced rapid growth in our business, operations and employee headcount. For fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022, our total revenue was $1,683.0 million, $1,284.0 million and $873.8 million, respectively, representing a 31% and 47% growth rate, respectively. We have also significantly increased the size of our customer base from over 3,200 customers as of January 31, 2017 to over 47,800 customers as of January 31, 2024, and we grew from 713 employees as of January 31, 2017 to 5,037 employees as of January 31, 2024. We expect to continue to expand our operations and employee headcount in the near term. Our success will depend in part on our ability to continue to grow and to manage this growth, domestically and internationally, effectively.

Our current and anticipated growth is expected to place a significant strain on our management, administrative, operational and financial infrastructure. We will need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management processes and controls and our reporting procedures to manage the expected growth of our operations and personnel, which will require significant expenditures and allocation of valuable management and employee resources. If we fail to implement these infrastructure improvements effectively, our ability to ensure the uninterrupted operation of key business systems and comply with the rules and regulations that are applicable to public reporting companies will be impaired. Further, if we do not effectively manage the growth of our business and operations, the quality of our products and services could suffer, the preservation of our culture, values and entrepreneurial environment may change and we may not be able to adequately address competitive challenges. This could impair our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers and expand their use of our products and services, all of which would adversely affect our brand, overall business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or other security incident, or unauthorized access to personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive data is otherwise obtained, our software may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or terminate their use of our software and we may face litigation, regulatory investigations, significant liability and reputational damage.

Cyberattacks, malicious internet-based activity, and online and offline fraud, and other similar activities threaten the confidentiality, integrity and availability of our personal, proprietary, confidential and other sensitive data and our information technology systems and networks, and those of the third parties upon which we rely to help deliver services to our customers. Such threats are prevalent, increasing in frequency, evolving in nature and becoming increasingly difficult to detect and their frequency may be increased, and effectiveness enhanced, by the use of AI. These threats come from a variety of sources, including traditional computer “hackers,” threat actors (including organized criminal threat actors), “hacktivists,” personnel (such as through theft or misuse), sophisticated nation-states, and nation-state-supported actors. In addition, some actors, such as sophisticated nation-states and nation-state supported actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyberattacks, including without limitation for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we and the third parties upon whom we rely may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including retaliatory cyberattacks, that could materially disrupt our systems and networks, operations and supply chain. We and the third parties upon which we rely may be subject to a variety of evolving threats, including but not limited to social-engineering attacks (including through phishing attacks), malicious code (such as viruses and worms), malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), denial-of-service attacks (such as credential stuffing), credential harvesting, account takeovers, personnel misconduct or error, fraud, ransomware attacks, supply-chain attacks, software bugs, server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss or theft of data or other information technology assets, adware, telecommunications failures, pandemics, earthquakes, fires, floods, and other similar threats.

Ransomware attacks, including by organized criminal threat actors, nation-states, and nation-state-supported actors, are becoming increasingly prevalent and severe and can lead to significant interruptions in our operations, loss of data and

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income, reputational harm, and diversion of funds. Extortion payments may alleviate the negative impact of a ransomware attack, but we may be unwilling or unable to make such payments due to, for example, applicable laws or regulations prohibiting such payments. Similarly, supply-chain attacks have increased in frequency and severity, and we cannot guarantee that third parties and infrastructure in our supply chain or our third-party partners’ supply chains have not been compromised or that they do not contain exploitable defects or bugs that could result in a breach of or disruption to our information technology systems (including our products) or the third-party information technology systems that support us and our services.

The COVID-19 pandemic increased our remote workforce, which increased risks to our information technology systems and data, as more of our employees work from home, utilizing network connections, computers and devices outside our premises or network, including while at home, in transit and in public locations. Additionally, cybersecurity risks may be heightened as a result of the ongoing global conflicts such as the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries or the ongoing military conflict between Israel and Hamas. Furthermore, future or past business transactions (such as acquisitions or integrations) could expose us to additional data security risks and vulnerabilities, as our systems could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in acquired or integrated entities’ systems and technologies. Risks related to data security will increase as we continue to grow the scale and functionality of our business and collect, store, transmit and otherwise process increasingly large amounts of our and our customers’ information and data, which may include personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive data.

Any of the above identified or similar threats could cause a security breach or other security incident that could result in unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, alteration, encryption, disclosure, transfer, use or other processing of, or access to our information technology systems and networks or personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive information, or those of the third parties upon whom we rely. For example, in December 2023 we discovered that a previously unknown flaw in a third-party application used by MongoDB enabled an unauthorized third party to successfully phish and to gain access to certain corporate applications, including applications that we use to provide support services to MongoDB customers, which include customer contact information and related account metadata. In an effort to contain the impact of this security incident, we immediately activated our incident response process, promptly published an alert on our website and emailed customers notifying them of the situation and reminding them to stay vigilant. The investigation led by MongoDB into this incident uncovered no evidence of unauthorized access to MongoDB Atlas clusters, a finding that has been verified by our third-party forensic experts. To date, we have not experienced a cybersecurity event that had a material impact on our financial performance or operations, but it is possible that we might experience such an attack in the future. A security breach or other security incident could disrupt our ability (and that of third parties upon whom we rely) to provide our platform, products, and services.

We may expend significant resources or modify our business activities to try to protect against, mitigate or remediate actual or perceived security breaches and other security incidents. Certain data privacy and security obligations may require us to implement and maintain specific security measures, industry-standard or reasonable security measures to protect our information technology systems and networks and personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive information

While we have implemented security measures designed to protect against security breaches and other security incidents, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective. We have not always been able in the past and may be unable in the future to detect vulnerabilities in our information technology systems and networks (including our products) because such threats and techniques change frequently, are often sophisticated in nature, and may not be detected until after a security breach or other security incident has occurred. For example, industry publications have reported ransomware attacks on MongoDB instances. We believe these attacks were successful due to the failure by users of our Community Server offering to properly turn on the recommended security settings when running these instances. Despite our efforts to identify and remediate vulnerabilities, if any, in our information technology systems and networks (including our products), our efforts may not be successful. Further, we may experience delays in developing and deploying remedial measures designed to address any such identified vulnerabilities.

We use third-party service providers and subprocessors to help us deliver services to our customers. These third-party service providers and subprocessors may collect, store, transmit or otherwise process personal data or other confidential information of our employees and our customers. Our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and these third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. Due to applicable laws, regulations, rules, standards, contractual obligations, policies and other obligations, we may be held responsible for security breaches or other security incidents attributed to our third-party service providers as they relate to the information we share with them.

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Applicable data privacy and security obligations may require us to notify relevant stakeholders of security breaches and other security incidents. Such disclosures are costly, and the disclosures or the failure to comply with such requirements could lead to adverse consequences.

If we (or a third party upon whom we rely) experience or are perceived to have experienced a security breach or other security incident, or fail to make adequate or timely disclosures to the public, regulators, law enforcement agencies or affected individuals, as applicable, following any such event, we may experience adverse consequences. These consequences may include: liability under applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards, contractual obligations, policies and other obligations; obligations to notify regulators and affected individuals; government enforcement actions (for example, investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; restrictions on processing personal and other sensitive information; litigation (including class claims); indemnification and other contractual obligations; damages; negative publicity; reputational harm; monetary fund diversions; interruptions in our operations (including availability of data); financial loss; and other similar harms. Security breaches and other security incidents and attendant consequences may cause customers to stop using our platform, products, and services, deter new customers from using our platform, products, and services, and negatively impact our ability to grow and operate our business.

Our contracts may not contain limitations of liability, and even where they do, there can be no assurance that limitations of liability in our contracts are sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims related to our data privacy and security obligations.

While we maintain general liability insurance coverage and coverage for errors or omissions, we cannot assure you that such coverage will be adequate or otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages with respect to claims alleging compromises of personal, proprietary, confidential or other sensitive data or otherwise relating to data privacy and security matters. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceeds our available insurance coverage, or results in changes to our insurance policies (including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements), could have an adverse effect on our business. In addition, we cannot be sure that our existing insurance coverage and coverage for errors and omissions will continue to be available on acceptable terms or at all, or that our insurers will not deny coverage as to any future claim.

Our sales cycle may be long and is unpredictable and our sales efforts require considerable time and expense.

The timing of our sales and related revenue recognition is difficult to predict because of the length and unpredictability of the sales cycle for our offerings. We are often required to spend significant time and resources to better educate and familiarize potential customers with the value proposition of paying for our products and services. The length of our sales cycle, from initial evaluation to payment for our offerings is generally three to nine months, but can vary substantially from customer to customer or from application to application within a given customer. As the purchase and deployment of our products can be dependent upon customer initiatives, our sales cycle can extend to more than a year for some customers. Customers often view a subscription to our products and services as a strategic decision and significant investment and, as a result, frequently require considerable time to evaluate, test and qualify our product offering prior to entering into or expanding a subscription. During the sales cycle, we expend significant time and money on sales and marketing and contract negotiation activities, which may not result in a sale. Additional factors that may influence the length and variability of our sales cycle include:

•the effectiveness of our sales force, in particular new sales people as we increase the size of our sales force;

•the discretionary nature of purchasing and budget cycles and decisions;

•the obstacles placed by a customer’s procurement process;

•our ability to convert users of our free offerings to paying customers;

•economic conditions and other factors impacting customer budgets;

•customer evaluation of competing products during the purchasing process; and

•evolving customer demands.

Given these factors, it is difficult to predict whether and when a sale will be completed and when revenue from a sale will be recognized, particularly the timing of revenue recognition related to the term license portion of our subscription revenue. In addition, as a result of rising inflation and interest rates, and global economic uncertainty, potential customers

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