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Goodwill and Intangible Assets
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2015
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
3. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of all acquisitions over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired. The Company performs an impairment test of goodwill annually as of July 1. The 2014 impairment test did not result in any impairment losses. There is no goodwill impairment for any of the periods presented in the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.
The following is a rollforward of goodwill from December 31, 2014 to June 30, 2015 by reportable segment (in thousands):
 
TL
 
LTL
 
TMS
 
Total
Goodwill balance as of December 31, 2014
$
319,051

 
$
197,312

 
$
153,289

 
$
669,652

Adjustments to goodwill for purchase accounting
425

 

 

 
425

Goodwill balance as of June 30, 2015
$
319,476

 
$
197,312

 
$
153,289

 
$
670,077


Intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships acquired from business acquisitions. Intangible assets as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Value
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Carrying
Value
TL
$
60,173

 
$
(11,037
)
 
$
49,136

 
$
60,173

 
$
(8,356
)
 
$
51,817

LTL
1,358

 
(983
)
 
375

 
1,358

 
(950
)
 
408

TMS
31,522

 
(5,247
)
 
26,275

 
31,522

 
(3,869
)
 
27,653

Total
$
93,053

 
$
(17,267
)
 
$
75,786

 
$
93,053

 
$
(13,175
)
 
$
79,878


The customer relationships intangible assets are amortized over their estimated five to 12 year useful lives. Amortization expense was $2.0 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $4.1 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years based on intangible assets as of June 30, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):
Remainder 2015
$
4,092

2016
8,205

2017
8,085

2018
7,821

2019
7,517

2020
7,145

Thereafter
32,921

Total
$
75,786