<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0306</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2013-08-19</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001440024</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Roadrunner Transportation Systems, Inc.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>RRTS</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001164105</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>THAYER EQUITY INVESTORS V LP</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446268</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001417092</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY PARTNERS III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446269</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001435877</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI CO-INVESTORS III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446265</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Co-Investors V, LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519734</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HC EQUITY PARTNERS V, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519431</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY MANAGEMENT, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519430</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY PARTNERS, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519438</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI MANAGEMENT III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2013-08-19</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>2800000</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>25.5825</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>10446625</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Represents 2,286,165 shares sold by Thayer Equity Investors V, L.P. (&quot;Thayer&quot;); 4,789 shares sold by TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C. (&quot;TC Roadrunner&quot;); 4,806 shares sold by TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C. (&quot;TC Sargent&quot;); 497,034 shares sold by HCI Equity Partners III, L.P. (f/k/a Thayer | Hidden Creek Partners II, L.P. ) (&quot;Partners III&quot;); and 7,206 shares sold by HCI Co-Investors III, L.P. (f/k/a THC Co-Investors II, L.P.) (&quot;Co-Investors III&quot;).  HC Equity Partners V, L.L.C. (&quot;HC Equity&quot;) is the general partner of Thayer; HCI Equity Management, L.P. (&quot;HCI&quot;) is the sole manager of TC Co-Investors V, L.L.C. (&quot;Co-Investors&quot;), the managing member of TC Sargent and TC Roadrunner; HCI Management III, L.P. (&quot;HCI Management III&quot;) is the general partner of Partners III and Co-Investors III. HCI Equity Partners, L.L.C. (&quot;HCI Equity Partners&quot;) is the managing member/general partner of HC Equity, HCI and HCI Management III.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Represents 8,529,240 shares held by Thayer; 17,869 shares held by TC Roadrunner; 17,932 shares held by TC Sargent; 1,854,401 shares held by Partners III; and 26,883 shares held by Co-Investors III.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III and HCI Equity Partners may be deemed to be beneficial owners of the shares reported in Table I. Each of HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III, and HCI Equity Partners expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported in Table I except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. The filing of this form should not be deemed an admission that HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III or HCI Equity Partners is, for Section 16 purposes or otherwise, the beneficial owner of such shares.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Thayer Equity Investors V, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Partners III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Co-Investors III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Co-Investors V, LLC - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HC Equity Partners V, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Management, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Management III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Partners, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-08-21</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
