Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim financial reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by GAAP have been condensed or omitted, and accordingly the balance sheet as of December 31, 2024, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited interim condensed financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial information. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any other interim period or for any other future year.

The accompanying condensed financial statements and related financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of previously reported amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation. Specifically, interest income was previously presented within other income (expense), net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 2, 2024. Interest income is presented separately in the unaudited condensed statement of operations and comprehensive loss within these financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, fair value of assets and liabilities, inventory net realizable value, deferred tax assets and related valuation allowances, and stock-based compensation. The Company believes its estimates and assumptions are reasonable; however, actual results may differ from the Company’s estimates.

Segment Information

The Company’s MRAM technology solutions are sold as products and services through MRAM-based products, licenses and royalties of MRAM and magnetic sensor technology and backend foundry and design services. The Company identifies and manages the business activities in one reportable segment. The Company’s Chief Executive

Officer is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The CODM utilizes the Company’s long-range plan, which includes product development roadmaps and long-range financial models, as a key input to resource allocation. The CODM makes decisions on resource allocation, assesses performance of the business, and monitors budget versus actual results using net income. Significant segment expenses within net income are those separately presented on the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss, which include cost of sales, research and development, general and administrative, and sales and marketing expenses.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid, short-term investments with maturity dates of 90 days or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company’s cash equivalents consist solely of money market funds.

Accounts Receivable, Net

The Company establishes an allowance for product returns. The Company analyzes historical returns, current economic trends and changes in customer demand and acceptance of products when evaluating the adequacy of sales returns. Returns are processed as credits on future purchases and, as a result, the allowance is recorded against the balance of trade accounts receivable. In addition, the Company, from time to time, may establish an allowance for estimated price adjustments related to its distributor agreements. The Company estimates credits to distributors based on the historical rate of credits provided to distributors relative to sales and evaluation of current market conditions.

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2025		2024
Trade accounts receivable	$	12,794	$	11,944
Unbilled accounts receivable		196		187
Allowance for product returns and price adjustments		(425)		(409)
Accounts receivable, net	$	12,565	$	11,722

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents that are held by a financial institution in the United States and accounts receivable. Amounts on deposit with a financial institution may at times exceed federally insured limits.

Significant customers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or net accounts receivable balance at each respective balance sheet date. For the purposes of this disclosure, the Company defines “customer” as the entity that is purchasing the products or licenses directly from the Company, which includes the distributors of the Company’s products in addition to end customers that the Company sells to directly. For each significant customer, revenue as a percentage of total revenue and accounts receivable as a percentage of total accounts receivable, net are as follows:

	Revenue				Accounts Receivable
	Three Months Ended March 31,				March 31,		December 31,
Customers	2025		2024		2025		2024
Customer A	19	%	*		19	%	*
Customer B	*		21	%	*		*
Customer C	11	%	24	%	37	%	61	%
Customer D	11	%	*		*		*

*Less than 10%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. The framework for measuring fair value provides a three-tier hierarchy prioritizing inputs to valuation techniques used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1— Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

Level 2— Inputs, other than quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets, which are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3— Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data requiring the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The carrying value of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accruals readily convertible into cash approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of the instruments. The Company’s financial instruments consist of Level 1 assets. Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1. Level 1 assets consist of highly liquid money market funds that are included in cash equivalents.

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

	March 31, 2025
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	33,613	$	—	$	—	$	33,613
Total assets measured at fair value	$	33,613	$	—	$	—	$	33,613

	December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	33,617	$	—	$	—	$	33,617
Total assets measured at fair value	$	33,617	$	—	$	—	$	33,617

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which improves income tax disclosure requirements, primarily through disaggregated information about effective income tax rate reconciliation and additional disclosures regarding income taxes paid. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024.

The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 effective January 1, 2025, on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 did not have a significant impact to the condensed financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Under Evaluation

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires additional disclosure of certain amounts included in the expense captions presented on the statement of operations, as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for the Company’s annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on its condensed financial statements.

The Company reviewed all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and concluded that they were either not applicable or not expected to have a significant impact to the condensed financial statements.