INCOME TAXES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of components of the income tax provision (benefit)

The components of the income tax benefit are as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Current income tax expense (benefit):
Federal	$	128	$	(10,705)	$	201
State	262		372		(125)
Current income tax expense (benefit)	390		(10,333)		76
Deferred income tax provision (benefit):
Federal	9,912		(7,495)		(10,857)
State	996		(2,133)		2,302
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)	10,908		(9,628)		(8,555)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	11,298	$	(19,961)	$	(8,479)

Schedule of reconciliation of total income tax provision (benefit) to amounts computed by applying statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

A reconciliation of the income tax benefit to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes is shown as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Federal statutory income tax	$	17,731	$	(8,931)	$	6,506
State income taxes, net	1,269		(3,551)		(1,832)
Excess tax deductions on non-cash compensation	(9,401)		(2,033)		(13,971)
Impact of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act	—		(6,104)		—
Research and experimentation tax credit	(3,207)		(3,800)		(5,794)
Impact of certain state legislation, net	—		—		3,932
Nondeductible executive compensation	3,058		1,778		988
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	595		2,100		954
Uncertain tax positions	435		458		922
Nondeductible meals & entertainment	239		99		428
Other, net	579		23		(612)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	11,298	$	(19,961)	$	(8,479)

Schedule of components of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities

The tax effects of cumulative temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Provision for accrued expenses	$	5,405	$	4,907
Leasing	27,419		24,864
Net operating loss carryforwards (a)	66,977		56,190
Non-cash compensation expense	26,756		20,746
Intangible assets	15,222		12,684
Interest limitation	8,036		4,059
Contingent liabilities	—		4,507
Tax credits	15,848		13,656
Other	1,079		3,605
Total gross deferred tax assets	166,742		145,218
Less: valuation allowance (b)	(6,039)		(5,802)
Total deferred tax assets, net of the valuation allowance	160,703		139,416
Deferred tax liabilities:
Leasing	(24,590)		(21,632)
Property and equipment	(8,156)		(5,015)
Equity investment	(25,608)		—
Other	(444)		(653)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(58,798)		(27,300)
Net deferred taxes	$	101,905	$	112,116

(a)At December 31, 2021, the Company had pre-tax consolidated federal net operating losses ("NOLs") of $220.1 million. The federal NOLs no longer expire under the new TCJA. The Company's NOLs will be available to offset taxable income subject to the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 annual limitation. In addition, the Company has state NOLs of approximately $542.7 million at December 31, 2021 that will expire at various times between 2022 and 2041.

(b)The valuation allowance is related to items for which it is "more likely than not" that the tax benefit will not be realized.

Deferred income taxes are presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Deferred income tax assets	$	87,581	$	96,224
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	16,589		15,892
Deferred income tax liabilities	(2,265)		—
Net deferred taxes	$	101,905	$	112,116

Schedule of the deferred tax valuation allowance reconciliation

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the deferred tax valuation allowance is as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Balance, beginning of the period	$	5,802	$	4,102	$	2,229
Charges to earnings	237		1,700		1,873
Balance, end of the period	$	6,039	$	5,802	$	4,102

Schedule of reconciliation of beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020
Balance, beginning of the period	$	2,613	$	1,996
Additions based on tax positions of the current period	435		570
Additions (subtractions) based on tax positions of the prior period	(134)		47
Balance, end of the period	$	2,914	$	2,613