INCOME TAXES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of components of the income tax provision (benefit)

The components of the income tax expense (benefit) are as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Current income tax expense (benefit):
Federal	$	201		$	(1,470	)	$	10,055
State	(125		)	(204		)	2,606
Current income tax expense (benefit)	76			(1,674		)	12,661
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision:
Federal	(10,857		)	(44,950		)	(3,805		)
State	2,302			(18,951		)	(2,565		)
Deferred income tax benefit	(8,555		)	(63,901		)	(6,370		)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(8,479	)	$	(65,575	)	$	6,291

Schedule of reconciliation of total income tax provision to amounts computed by applying statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

A reconciliation of the income tax expense (benefit) to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income from continuing operations before income taxes is shown as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Federal statutory income tax	$	6,506		$	9,186		$	8,998
State income taxes, net	(1,832		)	(14,884		)	(268		)
Excess tax deductions on non-cash compensation	(13,971		)	(59,601		)	(11,134		)
Research and experimentation tax credit	(5,794		)	(2,523		)	(1,318		)
Impact of certain state legislation, net	3,932			—			—
Nondeductible executive compensation	988			163			21
Change in (release of) valuation allowance	954			(12		)	593
Uncertain tax positions	922			289			170
Nondeductible meals & entertainment	428			310			90
Impact of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act	—			270			9,062
Other, net	(612		)	1,227			77
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(8,479	)	$	(65,575	)	$	6,291

Schedule of components of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities

The tax effects of cumulative temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Provision for accrued expenses	$	12,234		$	5,953
Leasing (a)	7,299			—
Net operating loss carryforwards (b)	56,450			59,817
Non-cash compensation expense	15,805			12,505
Interest limitation	987			3,532
Contingent liabilities	9,366			3,053
Tax credits	6,124			1,569
Other	1,624			2,976
Total gross deferred tax assets	109,889			89,405
Less: valuation allowance (c)	(4,102		)	(2,229		)
Total deferred tax assets, net of the valuation allowance	105,787			87,176
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible and other assets	(1,744		)	(4,623		)
Leasing (a)	(6,596		)	—
Other	(1,835		)	(892		)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(10,175		)	(5,515		)
Net deferred taxes	$	95,612		$	81,661

(a) As of December 31, 2019, the adoption of ASC Topic 842 has no material impact to the effective tax rate. Related deferred tax positions are individually disclosed as components of deferred tax as of December 31, 2019.

(b) At December 31, 2019, the Company had pre-tax consolidated federal net operating losses ("NOLs") of $188.2 million. The federal NOLs no longer expire under the new TCJA. The Company's NOLs will be available to offset taxable income subject to the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 annual limitation. In addition, the Company has state NOLs of approximately $484.7 million at December 31, 2019 that will expire at various times between 2021 and 2039.

(c) The valuation allowance is related to items for which it is "more likely than not" that the tax benefit will not be realized.

Deferred income taxes are presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019		2018
Deferred income tax assets	$	87,664	$	79,289
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	7,948		3,266
Deferred income tax liabilities	—		(894		)
Net deferred taxes	$	95,612	$	81,661

Schedule of the deferred tax valuation allowance reconciliation

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the deferred tax valuation allowance is as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018			2017
Balance, beginning of the period	$	2,229	$	2,694		$	2,101
Charges to earnings	1,873		(465		)	593
Balance, end of the period	$	4,102	$	2,229		$	2,694

Schedule of reconciliation of beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Balance, beginning of the period	$	1,127	$	748
Additions based on tax positions of the current period	525		249
Additions based on tax positions of the prior period	344		130
Balance, end of the period	$	1,996	$	1,127