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Share-Based Compensation Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Summary of Activity Related to Restricted Stock Granted under Incentive Plan

A summary of the activity related to restricted stock granted under the University’s Incentive Plan is as follows:

 

     Total
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share
 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2010

     4      $ 25.16   

Granted

     6      $ 13.88   

Vested

     (4   $ 25.16   

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     —       
  

 

 

   

Outstanding as of December 31, 2011

     6      $ 13.88   
  

 

 

   

Granted

     563      $ 17.04   

Vested

     (6   $ 13.88   

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     (10   $ 17.03   
  

 

 

   

Outstanding as of December 31, 2012

     553      $ 17.04   
  

 

 

   

Granted

     594      $ 24.44   

Vested

     (119   $ 17.13   

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     (45   $ 20.57   
  

 

 

   

Outstanding as of December 31, 2013

     983      $ 21.34   
  

 

 

   
Summary of Activity Related to Stock Options Granted under Company's Incentive Plan

A summary of the activity related to stock options granted under the University’s Incentive Plan is as follows:

 

     Summary of Stock Options Outstanding  
     Total
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
per
Share
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value ($)(1)
 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2010

     4,026      $ 14.24         

Granted

     1,250      $ 15.34         

Exercised

     (140   $ 12.00         

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     (172   $ 17.29         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding as of December 31, 2011

     4,964      $ 14.47         
  

 

 

         

Granted

     —        $ —           

Exercised

     (611   $ 13.16         

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     (124   $ 17.63         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding as of December 31, 2012

     4,229      $ 14.57         
  

 

 

         

Granted

     25      $ 24.97         

Exercised

     (1,160   $ 14.03         

Forfeited, canceled or expired

     (71   $ 17.22         
  

 

 

         

Outstanding as of December 31, 2013

     3,023      $ 14.80         5.84       $ 87,073   
  

 

 

         

Exercisable as of December 31, 2013

     2,049      $ 13.61         5.33       $ 61,442   
  

 

 

         

Available for issuance as of December 31, 2013

     2,308           
  

 

 

         

 

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the value of the University’s closing stock price on December 31, 2013 ($43.60) in excess of the exercise price multiplied by the number of options outstanding or exercisable.
Amounts Related to Options Exercised

The following table summarizes information related to stock options exercised for years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011:

 

     2013      2012      2011  

Amounts related to options exercised:

        

Intrinsic value realized by optionee

   $ 20,364       $ 4,683       $ 403   

Actual tax benefit realized by the University for tax deductions

   $ 8,145       $ 1,873       $ 161   
Fair Value of Options as of Grant Dates Using Weighted Average Assumptions

The University uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to estimate the fair value of the University’s options as of the grant dates using the following weighted average assumptions:

 

Year Ended December 31,

   2013     2011  

Weighted average fair value

   $ 8.20      $ 6.98   

Expected volatility

     39.86     41.85

Expected life (years)

     4.25        6.50   

Risk-free interest rate

     0.65     2.58

Dividend yield

     0     0
Share-Based Compensation Expense

The table below outlines share-based compensation expense for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 related to restricted stock and stock options granted:

 

     2013     2012     2011  

Instructional costs and services

   $ 5,246      $ 3,809      $ 2,935   

Admissions advisory and related

     134        224        157   

Marketing and promotional

     229        169        140   

General and administrative

     4,327        3,609        3,220   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation expense included in operating expenses

     9,936        7,811        6,452   

Tax effect of share-based compensation

     (3,974     (3,124     (2,581
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share-based compensation expense, net of tax

   $ 5,962      $ 4,687      $ 3,871