10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2021

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from                      to                     

ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Maryland	001-34766	26-1908763
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(Commission File Number)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3001 Ocean Drive, Suite 201, Vero Beach, FL  32963

(Address of principal executive offices)(zip code)

(772) 617-4340

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading symbols	Name of Exchange on which registered
Preferred Stock, 7.00% Series C Cumulative Redeemable	ARR-PRC	New York Stock Exchange
Common Stock, $0.001 par value	ARR	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant’s common stock as of October 26, 2021 was 89,689,029.

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. Financial Information	1
Item 1. Financial Statements	1
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	33
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	55
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	58
PART II. Other Information	59
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	59
Item IA. Risk Factors	59
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	59
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	59
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	59
Item 5. Other Information	59
Item 6. Exhibits	60
Signatures	61

1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Assets
Cash	$	126,094	$	167,671
Cash collateral posted to counterparties	30,098		3,997
Investments in securities, at fair value
Agency Securities (including pledged securities of $3,385,728 at September 30, 2021 and $4,726,584 at December 31, 2020)	4,259,294		5,178,322
U.S. Treasury Securities (including pledged securities of $194,906 at September 30, 2021)	194,906		—
Receivable for unsettled sales	82,100		—
Derivatives, at fair value	178,602		54,686
Accrued interest receivable	10,220		12,833
Prepaid and other	1,574		1,977
Subordinated loan to BUCKLER	105,000		105,000
Total Assets	$	4,987,888	$	5,524,486
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	3,450,439	$	4,536,065
Cash collateral posted by counterparties	154,713		44,704
Payable for unsettled purchases	210,646		—
Derivatives, at fair value	22,982		1,217
Accrued interest payable- repurchase agreements	534		1,625
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	4,882		2,571
Total Liabilities	$	3,844,196	$	4,586,182
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000 shares authorized;
7.00% Series C Cumulative Preferred Stock; 6,847 and 5,347 shares issued and outstanding ($171,175 and $133,675 aggregate liquidation preference) at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	7		5
Common stock, $0.001 par value. At September 30, 2021, 200,000 shares authorized and 87,709 shares issued and outstanding and at December 31, 2020, 125,000 shares authorized and 65,290 shares issued and outstanding.	87		65
Additional paid-in capital	3,334,523		3,033,025
Accumulated deficit	(2,314,879)		(2,273,822)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	123,954		179,031
Total Stockholders’ Equity	$	1,143,692	$	938,304
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	4,987,888	$	5,524,486

See financial statement notes (unaudited).

2

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest Income:
Agency Securities, net of amortization of premium and fees	$	21,659	$	25,188	$	58,422	$	128,612
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, including discount accretion	—		518		—		17,746
U.S. Treasury Securities	356		—		356		469
BUCKLER Subordinated loan	20		24		52		312
Total Interest Income	$	22,035	$	25,730	$	58,830	$	147,139
Interest expense- repurchase agreements	(1,614)		(2,954)		(5,590)		(59,863)
Interest expense- U.S. Treasury Securities sold short	—		—		(87)		(32)
Net Interest Income	$	20,421	$	22,776	$	53,153	$	87,244
Other Income (Loss):
Realized gain on sale of available for sale Agency Securities (reclassified from Other Comprehensive Income (Loss))	3,724		9,468		11,078		138,802
Credit loss expense	—		—		—		(1,012)
Gain (loss) on Agency Securities, trading	(2,387)		12,149		(45,790)		20,060
Loss on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		(6,633)		—		(189,555)
Gain (loss) on U.S. Treasury Securities	(9,170)		—		(9,170)		21,771
Loss on short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities	—		—		(28)		(414)
Subtotal	$	(7,833)	$	14,984	$	(43,910)	$	(10,348)
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives (1)	(29,540)		20,866		(60,548)		(394,850)
Unrealized gain on derivatives	59,849		6,866		113,085		46,304
Subtotal	$	30,309	$	27,732	$	52,537	$	(348,546)
Total Other Income (Loss)	$	22,476	$	42,716	$	8,627	$	(358,894)
Expenses:
Management fees	7,899		7,393		23,055		22,234
Professional fees	581		559		1,909		3,058
Insurance	200		183		588		549
Compensation	1,676		1,387		5,027		4,210
Other	659		537		1,666		724
Total Expenses	$	11,015	$	10,059	$	32,245	$	30,775
Less management fees waived	(2,100)		(2,953)		(6,600)		(5,900)
Total Expenses after fees waived	$	8,915	$	7,106	$	25,645	$	24,875
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Dividends on preferred stock	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	30,987	$	56,066	$	27,658	$	(303,992)
(Continued)

3

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders (Note 12):
Basic	$	0.37	$	0.87	$	0.37	$	(4.87)
Diluted	$	0.36	$	0.86	$	0.36	$	(4.87)
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.30	$	0.30	$	0.90	$	0.90
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Diluted	84,927		65,272		76,318		62,458

(1) Interest expense related to our interest rate swap contracts is recorded in realized loss on derivatives on the consolidated statements of operations. For additional information, see financial statement Note 8.

See financial statement notes (unaudited).

4

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Reclassification adjustment for realized gain on sale of available for sale Agency Securities	(3,724)		(9,468)		(11,078)		(138,802)
Reclassification adjustment for credit loss expense on available for sale Agency Securities	—		—		—		1,012
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale Agency Securities	(16,961)		13,002		(43,999)		(17,486)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	(20,685)	$	3,534	$	(55,077)	$	(155,276)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	13,297	$	61,920	$	(18,942)	$	(451,801)

See financial statement notes (unaudited).

5

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	Preferred Stock			Common Stock
	7.00% Series C
	Shares	Par		Shares	Par		Total Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Total
Balance, December 31, 2020	5,347	$	5	65,290	$	65	$	3,033,025	$	(2,273,822)	$	179,031	$	938,304
Series C Preferred dividends	—	—		—	—		—		(8,477)		—		(8,477)
Common stock dividends	—	—		—	—		—		(68,715)		—		(68,715)
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses	1,500	2		—	—		36,583		—		—		36,585
Issuance of common stock, net	—	—		22,242	22		261,274		—		—		261,296
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	—	—		177	—		3,641				—		3,641
Net Income	—	—		—	—		—		36,135		—		36,135
Other Comprehensive Loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(55,077)		(55,077)
Balance, September 30, 2021	6,847	$	7	87,709	$	87	$	3,334,523	$	(2,314,879)	$	123,954	$	1,143,692

See financial statement notes (unaudited).

6

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net Income (Loss)	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net amortization of premium on Agency Securities	38,434		36,922
Accretion of net discount on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		(2,849)
Net amortization of U.S. Treasury Securities	(2)		84
Realized gain on sale of Agency Securities, available for sale	(11,078)		(138,802)
Credit loss expense	—		1,012
(Gain) loss on Agency Securities, trading	45,790		(20,060)
Loss on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		189,555
(Gain) loss on U.S. Treasury Securities	9,170		(21,771)
Loss on short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities	28		414
Stock based compensation	3,641		3,051
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accrued interest receivable	2,794		21,836
Decrease in prepaid and other assets	403		6,715
Change in derivatives, at fair value	(102,151)		(44,392)
Decrease in accrued interest payable- repurchase agreements	(1,091)		(30,643)
Increase in accounts payable and other accrued expenses	2,311		518
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities	$	24,384	$	(294,935)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of Agency Securities	(672,816)		(5,317,832)
Purchases of Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		(237,928)
Purchases of U.S. Treasury Securities	(788,919)		(4,621,776)
Principal repayments of Agency Securities	690,933		922,148
Principal repayments of Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		45,766
Proceeds from sales of Agency Securities	901,053		10,917,211
Proceeds from sales of Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		889,057
Proceeds from sales of U.S. Treasury Securities	584,817		4,643,049
Disbursements on reverse repurchase agreements	(391,125)		(858,156)
Receipts from reverse repurchase agreements	391,125		858,156
Increase (decrease) in cash collateral posted by counterparties	110,009		(10,858)
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by investing activities	$	825,077	$	7,228,837
(Continued)

7

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Redemption of Series B Preferred stock, net of expenses	—		(209,583)
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses	36,585		129,096
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses	261,296		48,886
Proceeds from repurchase agreements	23,233,849		62,518,438
Principal repayments on repurchase agreements	(24,319,475)		(69,362,190)
Series B Preferred stock dividends paid	—		(1,375)
Series C Preferred stock dividends paid	(8,477)		(6,092)
Common stock dividends paid	(68,715)		(55,843)
Common stock repurchased, net	—		(777)
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties used in financing activities	$	(864,937)	$	(6,939,440)
Net decrease in cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties	(15,476)		(5,538)
Cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties - beginning of period	171,668		273,166
Cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties - end of period	$	156,192	$	267,628
Supplemental Disclosure:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	13,406	178,719
Non-Cash Investing Activities:
Receivable for unsettled sales	$	82,100	—
Payable for unsettled purchases	$	(210,646)	(518,552)
Net unrealized loss on available for sale Agency Securities	$	(43,999)	(17,486)

See financial statement notes (unaudited).

8

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 1 - Organization and Nature of Business Operations

    References to "we," "us," "our," or the "Company" are to ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. ("ARMOUR") and its subsidiaries. References to "ACM" are to ARMOUR Capital Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership. ARMOUR owns a 10.0% equity interest in BUCKLER Securities LLC ("BUCKLER"). BUCKLER is a Delaware limited liability company and a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer, controlled by ACM and certain executive officers of ARMOUR. Refer to the Glossary of Terms for definitions of capitalized terms and abbreviations used in this report.

    ARMOUR is an externally managed Maryland corporation incorporated in 2008. The Company is managed by ACM, an investment advisor registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), (see Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies and Note 15 - Related Party Transactions). We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Our qualification as a REIT depends on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various complex requirements under the Code relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the composition and values of our assets, our distribution levels and the concentration of ownership of our capital stock. We believe that we are organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and our manner of operations enables us to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, we will generally not be subject to federal income tax on the REIT taxable income that we currently distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates. Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we invested in mortgage backed securities ("MBS") issued or guaranteed by a United States ("U.S.") Government-sponsored entity ("GSE"), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"), or a government agency such as Government National Mortgage Administration ("Ginnie Mae") (collectively, "Agency Securities"). Our Agency Securities consist primarily of fixed rate loans. The remaining are either backed by hybrid adjustable rate or adjustable rate loans. From time to time we have also invested in Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, Interest-Only Securities, U.S. Treasury Securities and money market instruments.

Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

    The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the calendar year ending December 31, 2021. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

    The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates affecting the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the valuation of MBS, including an assessment of the allowance for credit losses, and derivative instruments.

9

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash

    Cash includes cash on deposit with financial institutions. We may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. However, management believes our cash positions are not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position and creditworthiness of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

Cash Collateral Posted To/By Counterparties

    Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties represents cash posted by us to counterparties or posted by counterparties to us as collateral. Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties may include collateral for interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts, Eurodollar Futures Contracts ("Futures Contracts"), and repurchase agreements on our MBS and our Agency Securities purchased or sold on a to-be-announced basis ("TBA Agency Securities").

Investments in Securities, at Fair Value

Our investments in securities are generally classified as either available for sale or trading securities. Management determines the appropriate classifications of the securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date.

    Available for Sale Securities represent investments that we intend to hold for extended periods of time and are reported at their estimated fair values with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as part of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

    Trading Securities are reported at their estimated fair values with gains and losses included in Other Income (Loss) as a component of the consolidated statements of operations.

Receivables and Payables for Unsettled Sales and Purchases

    We account for purchases and sales of securities on the trade date, including purchases and sales for forward settlement. Receivables and payables for unsettled trades represent the agreed trade price multiplied by the outstanding balance of the securities at the balance sheet date.

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

    Accrued interest receivable includes interest accrued between payment dates on securities and interest on unsettled sales of securities. Accrued interest payable includes interest on unsettled purchases of securities and interest on repurchase agreements. At certain times, we may have interest payable on U.S. Treasury Securities sold short.

Repurchase Agreements

We finance the acquisition of the majority of our MBS through the use of repurchase agreements. Our repurchase agreements are secured by our MBS and bear interest rates that have historically moved in close relationship to the Federal Funds Rate and short-term London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), and more recently the Secured Overnight Funding Rate ("SOFR"). Under these repurchase agreements, we sell MBS to a lender and agree to repurchase the same MBS in the future for a price that is higher than the original sales price. The difference between the sales price that we receive and the repurchase price that we pay represents interest paid to the lender, which accrues over the life of the repurchase agreement. A repurchase agreement operates as a financing arrangement under which we pledge our MBS as collateral to secure a loan which is equal in value to a specified percentage of the estimated fair value of the pledged collateral. We retain beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral. At the maturity of a repurchase agreement, we are required to repay the loan and concurrently receive back our pledged collateral from the lender or, with the consent of the lender, we may

10

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

renew such agreement at the then prevailing interest rate. The repurchase agreements may require us to pledge additional assets to the lender in the event the estimated fair value of the existing pledged collateral declines.

    In addition to the repurchase agreement financing discussed above, at certain times we have entered into reverse repurchase agreements with certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties. Under a typical reverse repurchase agreement, we purchase U.S. Treasury Securities from a borrower in exchange for cash and agree to sell the same securities in the future in exchange for a price that is higher than the original purchase price. The difference between the purchase price originally paid and the sale price represents interest received from the borrower. Reverse repurchase agreement receivables and repurchase agreement liabilities are presented net when they meet certain criteria, including being with the same counterparty, being governed by the same master repurchase agreement ("MRA"), settlement through the same brokerage or clearing account and maturing on the same day. We did not have any reverse repurchase agreements outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Derivatives, at Fair Value

    We recognize all derivatives individually as either assets or liabilities at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. All changes in the fair values of our derivatives are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. We designate derivatives as hedges for tax purposes and any unrealized derivative gains or losses would not affect our distributable net taxable income. These transactions may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts and Futures Contracts.

    We also may utilize forward contracts for the purchase or sale of TBA Agency Securities. We account for TBA Agency Securities as derivative instruments if it is reasonably possible that we will not take or make physical delivery of the Agency Security upon settlement of the contract. We account for TBA dollar roll transactions as a series of derivative transactions. We may also purchase and sell TBA Agency Securities as a means of investing in and financing Agency Securities (thereby increasing our “at risk” leverage) or as a means of disposing of or reducing our exposure to Agency Securities (thereby reducing our “at risk” leverage). We agree to purchase or sell, for future delivery, Agency Securities with certain principal and interest terms and certain types of collateral, but the particular Agency Securities to be delivered are not identified until shortly before the TBA settlement date. We may also choose, prior to settlement, to move the settlement of these securities out to a later date by entering into an offsetting short or long position (referred to as a “pair off”), net settling the paired off positions for cash, and simultaneously purchasing or selling a similar TBA Agency Security for a later settlement date. This transaction is commonly referred to as a “dollar roll.” When it is reasonably possible that we will pair off a TBA Agency Security, we account for that contract as a derivative.

Impairment of Assets

    We assess impairment of available for sale securities at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. We consider an impairment if we (1) intend to sell the available for sale securities, or (2) believe it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery (for example, because of liquidity requirements or contractual obligations) and a credit impairment exists where fair value is less than amortized cost. Impairment losses recognized establish a new cost basis for the related available for sale securities.

Revenue Recognition

    Interest income is earned and recognized on Agency Securities based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of Multi-Family MBS, which are generally not subject to prepayment, are amortized or accreted into interest income over the contractual lives of the securities using a level yield method. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of other Agency Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the actual lives of the securities, reflecting actual prepayments as they occur. Purchase and sale transactions (including TBA Agency Securities) are recorded on the trade date to the extent it is probable that we will take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities. Gains or losses

11

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

realized from sales of available for sale securities are reclassified into income from other comprehensive income and are determined using the specific identification method.

Interest income on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities and Interest-Only Securities is recognized using the effective yield method over the life of the securities based on the future cash flows expected to be received. Future cash flow projections and related effective yields are determined for each security and updated quarterly. Impairment losses establish a new cost basis in the security for purposes of calculating effective yields, recognized when the fair value of a security is less than its cost basis and there has been an adverse change in the future cash flows expected to be received. Other changes in future cash flows expected to be received are recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the security. Interest income on U.S. Treasury Securities is recognized based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    Comprehensive income (loss) refers to changes in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

Note 4 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements

    We consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. We have not identified any ASUs that we deemed to be applicable or that are expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements when adopted.

Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

    Our valuation techniques for financial instruments use observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect readily obtainable data from third party sources, while unobservable inputs reflect management’s market assumptions. The Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 820, "Fair Value Measurement," classifies these inputs into the following hierarchy:

    Level 1 Inputs - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

    Level 2 Inputs - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

    Level 3 Inputs - Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. Unobservable inputs may be used in situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period). Unobservable inputs reflect management’s assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and would be based on the best information available.

    At the beginning of each quarter, we assess the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis to determine if any transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy are needed.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used for our assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. Any transfers between levels are assumed to occur at the beginning of the reporting period.

12

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Investments in Securities:

    Fair value for our investments in securities are based on obtaining a valuation for each security from third party pricing services and/or dealer quotes. The third party pricing services use common market pricing methods that may include pricing models that may incorporate such factors as coupons, prepayment speeds, spread to the Treasury curves and interest rate swap curves, duration, periodic and life caps and credit enhancement. If the fair value of a security is not available from the third party pricing services or such data appears unreliable, we obtain pricing indications from up to three dealers who make markets in similar securities. Management reviews pricing used to ensure that current market conditions are properly reflected. This review includes, but is not limited to, comparisons of similar market transactions or alternative third party pricing services, dealer pricing indications and comparisons to a third party pricing model. Fair values obtained from the third party pricing services for similar instruments are classified as Level 2 securities if the inputs to the pricing models used are consistent with the Level 2 definition. If quoted prices for a security are not reasonably available from the third party pricing service, but dealer pricing indications are, the security will be classified as a Level 2 security. If neither is available, management will determine the fair value based on characteristics of the security that we receive from the issuer and based on available market information and classify it as a Level 3 security. U.S. Treasury Securities are classified as Level 1, as quoted unadjusted prices are available in active markets for identical assets.

Derivatives:

    The fair values of our interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions and basis swaps are valued using information provided by third party pricing services that incorporate common market pricing methods that may include current interest rate curves, forward interest rate curves and market spreads to interest rate curves and are classified as Level 2. We estimate the fair value of TBA Agency Securities based on similar methods used to value our Agency Securities and they are classified as Level 2. Management compares the pricing information received to dealer quotes to ensure that the current market conditions are properly reflected.

    The following tables provide a summary of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

September 30, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	4,259,294	$	—	$	4,259,294
U.S. Treasury Securities	$	194,906	$	—	$	—	$	194,906
Derivatives	$	—	$	178,602	$	—	$	178,602
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	22,982	$	—	$	22,982
December 31, 2020	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	5,178,322	$	—	$	5,178,322
Derivatives	$	—	$	54,686	$	—	$	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	1,217	$	—	$	1,217

    There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 or for the year ended December 31, 2020.

    Excluded from the tables above are financial instruments, including cash, cash collateral posted to/by counterparties, receivables, the Subordinated loan to BUCKLER, payables and borrowings under repurchase agreements,

13

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

which are presented in our consolidated financial statements at cost which approximates fair value. The estimated fair value of these instruments is measured using "Level 1" or "Level 2" inputs at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Note 6 - Investments in Securities

    As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our securities portfolio consisted of $4,454,200 and $5,178,322 of investment securities, at fair value, respectively, and $4,299,273 and $2,711,977 of TBA Agency Securities, at fair value, respectively. Our TBA Agency Securities are reported at net carrying value of $(12,446) and $19,747, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are reported in Derivatives, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets (see Note 8 - Derivatives). The net carrying value of our TBA Agency Securities represents the difference between the fair value of the underlying Agency Security in the TBA contract and the cost basis or the forward price to be paid or received for the underlying Agency Security.

    The following tables summarize our investments in securities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, excluding TBA Agency Securities (see Note 8 - Derivatives). Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we designated Agency MBS purchased as “trading securities” for financial reporting purposes, and consequently, fair value changes for these investments will be reported in net income. We anticipate continuing this designation for newly acquired Agency MBS positions because it is more representative of our results of operations insofar as the fair value changes for these securities are presented in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes of our hedging instruments. Fair value changes for the legacy Agency Securities designated as available for sale are reported in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP.

14

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

	Available for Sale Securities			Trading Securities
	Agency			Agency			Credit Risk and Non-Agency			U.S. Treasuries			Totals
September 30, 2021
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Purchases (1)	—			883,281			—			788,919			1,672,200
Proceeds from sales	(87,875)			(813,178)			—			(584,817)			(1,485,870)
Receivable for unsettled sales	(82,100)			—			—			—			(82,100)
Principal repayments	(278,662)			(412,271)			—			—			(690,933)
Losses	(43,999)			(45,790)			—			(9,198)			(98,987)
(Amortization) accretion	(12,755)			(25,679)			—			2			(38,432)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	1,465,511		$	2,793,783		$	—		$	194,906		$	4,454,200
Percentage of Portfolio	32.90		%	62.72		%	—		%	4.38		%	100.00		%
December 31, 2020
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	11,941,766		$	—		$	883,601		$	—		$	12,825,367
Purchases (1)	1,768,688			3,711,961			237,928			4,621,776			10,340,353
Proceeds from sales	(10,800,879)			(158,708)			(889,057)			(4,643,049)			(16,491,693)
Principal repayments	(873,650)			(343,514)			(45,766)			—			(1,262,930)
Gains (losses)	(32,565)			19,557			(189,555)			21,357			(181,206)
Credit loss expense	(1,012)			—			—			—			(1,012)
(Amortization) accretion	(31,446)			(21,876)			2,849			(84)			(50,557)
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Percentage of Portfolio	38.06		%	61.94		%	—		%	—		%	100.00		%

(1)Purchases include cash paid during the period, plus payable for investment securities purchased during the period as of period end.

Available for Sale Securities:

    At September 30, 2021, we evaluated our available for sale securities to determine if the available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position were impaired. As a result of this evaluation, no credit loss expense was required. We do not have an allowance for credit losses as all of our available for sale securities consist of Agency MBS.

    During the year ended December 31, 2020, we evaluated our available for sale securities to determine if the available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position were impaired. In the first quarter of 2020, we recognized an impairment of $1,012 in our consolidated statements of operations as we had determined that we may have been required to sell certain securities in the near future. No credit loss expense was required for the remainder of 2020.

15

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    The table below presents the components of the carrying value and the unrealized gain or loss position of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Our available for sale securities had a weighted average coupon of 3.00% and 3.25% at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Agency Securities	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,098,882	$	1,125,271	$	(26)	$	113,765	$	1,239,010
Total Freddie Mac	194,139		201,847		—		10,092		211,939
Total Ginnie Mae	14,084		14,439		(9)		132		14,562
Total	$	1,307,105	$	1,341,557	$	(35)	$	123,989	$	1,465,511
December 31, 2020
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,359,136	$	1,397,206	$	(1)	$	159,603	$	1,556,808
Total Freddie Mac	354,382		368,686		—		19,246		387,932
Total Ginnie Mae	25,388		25,979		(43)		226		26,162
Total	$	1,738,906	$	1,791,871	$	(44)	$	179,075	$	1,970,902

    The following table presents the unrealized losses and estimated fair value of our available for sale securities by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. All of our available for sale securities are issued and guaranteed by GSEs or Ginnie Mae. The GSEs have a long term credit rating of AA+.

	Unrealized Loss Position For:
	< 12 Months				≥ 12 Months				Total
Agency Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2021	$	1,722	$	(4)	$	5,341	$	(31)	$	7,063	$	(35)
December 31, 2020	$	8,811	$	(44)	$	—	$	—	$	8,811	$	(44)

    Actual maturities of available for sale securities are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities because actual maturities of available for sale securities are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages, periodic payments of principal and prepayments of principal. The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Weighted Average Life of Available for Sale Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	118	$	115	$	71	$	72
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	28,770		28,225		548,352		520,657
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	381,710		363,268		282,739		269,716
≥ 5 years	1,054,913		949,949		1,139,740		1,001,426
Total Available for Sale Securities	$	1,465,511	$	1,341,557	$	1,970,902	$	1,791,871

16

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    We use a third party model to calculate the weighted average lives of our available for sale securities. Weighted average life is calculated based on expectations for estimated prepayments for the underlying mortgage loans of our available for sale securities. These estimated prepayments are based on assumptions such as interest rates, current and future home prices, housing policy and borrower incentives. The weighted average lives of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 in the table above are based upon market factors, assumptions, models and estimates from the third party model and also incorporate management’s judgment and experience. The actual weighted average lives of our available for sale securities could be longer or shorter than estimated.

Trading Securities:

    The components of the carrying value of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are presented in the table below. We did not have any Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities or Interest-Only Securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,184,495	$	2,310,414	$	(25,528)	$	5,325	$	2,290,211
Total Freddie Mac	482,142		505,537		(4,419)		2,454		503,572
Total Agency Securities	$	2,666,637	$	2,815,951	$	(29,947)	$	7,779	$	2,793,783
U.S. Treasury Securities	200,000		200,000		(5,094)		—		194,906
Total Trading Securities	$	2,866,637	$	3,015,951	$	(35,041)	$	7,779	$	2,988,689
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,420,828	$	2,585,409	$	(1,441)	$	18,211	$	2,602,179
Total Freddie Mac	570,654		601,320		(430)		4,351		605,241
Total Trading Securities	$	2,991,482	$	3,186,729	$	(1,871)	$	22,562	$	3,207,420

The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Estimated Weighted Average Life of Trading Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	61,949		61,793		649,425		650,328
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	473,216		468,971		1,522,509		1,506,035
≥ 5 years	2,453,524		2,485,187		1,035,486		1,030,366
Total	$	2,988,689	$	3,015,951	$	3,207,420	$	3,186,729

    We use a third party model to calculate the weighted average lives of our trading securities. Weighted average life is calculated based on expectations for estimated prepayments for the underlying mortgage loans of our trading securities. These estimated prepayments are based on assumptions such as interest rates, current and future home prices, housing policy and borrower incentives. The weighted average lives of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December

17

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

31, 2020 in the tables above are based upon market factors, assumptions, models and estimates from the third party model and also incorporate management’s judgment and experience. The actual weighted average lives of our trading securities could be longer or shorter than estimated.

 Note 7 - Repurchase Agreements

    At September 30, 2021, we had active MRAs with 34 counterparties and had $3,450,439 in outstanding borrowings with 18 of those counterparties. At December 31, 2020, we had $4,536,065 in outstanding borrowings with 18 counterparties.

    The following table represents the contractual repricing regarding our repurchase agreements to finance MBS purchases at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. No amounts below are subject to offsetting. Our repurchase agreements require excess collateral, known as a “haircut.” At September 30, 2021, the average haircut percentage was 3.44% compared to 3.13% at December 31, 2020. The haircut for our repurchase agreements vary by counterparty and therefore, the changes in the average haircut percentage will vary with the changes in our counterparty repurchase agreement balances.

	Balance		Weighted Average Contractual Rate		Weighted Average Maturity in days
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	2,556,476	0.13	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 90 days	109,082		0.11	%	49
> 90 days	584,881		0.11	%	182
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,250,439	0.13	%	46
U.S. Treasury Securities
≤ 30 days	200,000		0.14	%	1
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,450,439	0.11	%	43
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	3,618,255	0.23	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 60 days	917,810		0.23	%	45
Total or Weighted Average	$	4,536,065	0.23	%	21

    Our repurchase agreements require that we maintain adequate pledged collateral. A decline in the value of the MBS pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels. We manage this risk by maintaining an adequate balance of available cash and unpledged securities. An event of default or termination event under the standard MRA would give our counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with us and require any amount due to be payable immediately. In addition, certain of our MRAs contain a restriction that prohibits our leverage from exceeding twelve times our stockholders’ equity as well as termination events in the case of significant reductions in equity capital. We also may receive cash or securities as collateral from our derivative counterparties which we may use as additional collateral for repurchase agreements. Certain interest rate swap contracts provide for cross collateralization and cross default with repurchase agreements and other contracts with the same counterparty.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, BUCKLER accounted for 47.6% and 66.1%, respectively, of our aggregate borrowings and had an amount at risk of 3.9% and 8.3%, respectively, of our total stockholders' equity with a

18

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

weighted average maturity of 65 days and 21 days, respectively, on repurchase agreements (see Note 15 - Related Party Transactions).

    In addition, at September 30, 2021, we had 2 repurchase agreement counterparties that individually accounted for over 5% of our aggregate borrowings. In total, these counterparties accounted for approximately 18.7% of our repurchase agreement borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2021. At December 31, 2020, we had 1 repurchase agreement counterparty that individually accounted for over 5% of our aggregate borrowings. In total, this counterparty accounted for 9.0% of our repurchase agreement borrowings at December 31, 2020.

Note 8 - Derivatives

    We enter into derivative transactions to manage our interest rate risk and agency mortgage rate exposures. We have agreements with our derivative counterparties that provide for the posting of collateral based on the fair values of our derivatives. Through this margin process, either we or our counterparties may be required to pledge cash or securities as collateral. Collateral requirements vary by counterparty and change over time based on the fair value, notional amount and remaining term of the contracts. Certain contracts provide for cross collateralization and cross default with repurchase agreements and other contracts with the same counterparty.

    Interest rate swap contracts are designed to lock in funding costs for repurchase agreements associated with our assets in such a way to help assure the realization of net interest margins. Such transactions are based on assumptions about prepayments which, if not realized, will cause transaction results to differ from expectations. Interest rate swaptions generally provide us the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement at a certain point of time in the future with a predetermined notional amount, stated term and stated rate of interest in the fixed leg and interest rate index on the floating leg. Basis swap contracts allow us to exchange one floating interest rate basis for another, thereby allowing us to diversify our floating rate basis exposures.

Our Futures Contracts are traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ("CME") which requires the use of daily mark-to-market collateral and the CME provides substantial credit support. The collateral requirements of the CME require us to pledge assets under a bi-lateral margin arrangement, including either cash or Agency Securities and these requirements may vary and change over time based on the market value, notional amount and remaining term of the Futures Contracts. In the event we are unable to meet a margin call under one of our Futures Contracts, the counterparty to such agreement may have the option to terminate or close-out all of the outstanding Futures Contracts with us. In addition, any close-out amount due to the counterparty upon termination of the counterparty’s transactions would be immediately payable by us pursuant to the applicable agreement.

    TBA Agency Securities are forward contracts for the purchase (“long position”) or sale (“short position”) of Agency Securities at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date. The specific Agency Securities delivered into the contract upon the settlement date, published each month by the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, are not known at the time of the transaction. We may enter into TBA Agency Securities as a means of hedging against short-term changes in interest rates. We may also enter into TBA Agency Securities as a means of acquiring or disposing of Agency Securities and we may from time to time utilize TBA dollar roll transactions to finance Agency Security purchases. We estimate the fair value of TBA Agency Securities based on similar methods used to value our Agency Securities.

    We have netting arrangements in place with all derivative counterparties pursuant to standard documentation developed by ISDA. We are also required to post or hold cash collateral based upon the net underlying market value of our open positions with the counterparty. A decline in the value of the open positions with the counterparty could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels. We manage this risk by maintaining an adequate balance of available cash and unpledged securities. An event of default or termination event under the standard ISDA would give our counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with us and require any amount due to be payable immediately. In addition, certain of our ISDAs contain a restriction that prohibits our leverage from exceeding twelve times our stockholders’ equity as well as termination events in the case of significant reductions in equity capital.

19

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    The following tables present information about the potential effects of netting our derivatives if we were to offset the assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We currently present these financial instruments at their gross amounts and they are included in Derivatives, at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Assets	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	172,592	$	(4,526)	$	(147,138)	$	20,928
Futures Contracts	—		—		12		12
TBA Agency Securities	6,010		(18,456)		19,075		6,629
Totals	$	178,602	$	(22,982)	$	(128,051)	$	27,569
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	34,588	$	(866)	$	(27,773)	$	5,949
TBA Agency Securities	20,098		(351)		(13,942)		5,805
Totals	$	54,686	$	(1,217)	$	(41,715)	$	11,754

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Liabilities	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(4,526)	$	4,526	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(18,456)		18,456		—		—
Totals	$	(22,982)	$	22,982	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(866)	$	866	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(351)		351		—		—
Totals	$	(1,217)	$	1,217	$	—	$	—

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

20

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    The following table represents the location and information regarding our derivatives which are included in Other Income (Loss) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

		Income (Loss) Recognized
		For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives	Location on consolidated statements of operations	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swap contracts:
Realized loss	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	$	(58,637)	$	—	$	(58,637)	$	(461,374)
Interest income	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	1,250		1,136		3,007		28,937
Interest expense	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	(8,325)		(2,603)		(21,507)		(43,172)
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	89,726		13,478		143,872		43,030
		$	24,014	$	12,011	$	66,735	$	(432,579)
Futures Contracts:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	2		—		2		—
		$	2	$	—	$	2	$	—
TBA Agency Securities:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	36,170		22,333		16,587		80,759
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	(29,877)		(6,612)		(30,787)		3,274
		$	6,293	$	15,721	$	(14,200)	$	84,033
Totals		$	30,309	$	27,732	$	52,537	$	(348,546)

    The following tables present information about our derivatives at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts (1)	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	Weighted Average Rate
September 30, 2021
< 3 years	$	1,307,000	13	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	412,000		41	0.16	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	889,000		63	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	4,202,000		110	0.87	%
Total or Weighted Average (2)	$	6,810,000	81	0.59	%
December 31, 2020
< 3 years	$	2,230,000	12	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	463,000		45	0.14	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	942,000		72	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	1,702,000		113	0.50	%
Total or Weighted Average (3)	$	5,337,000	58	0.24	%

(1)Pay Fixed/Receive Variable.

21

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

(2)Of this amount, $5,607,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2032 and $1,203,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023. Includes $850,000 notional of forward settling swap contracts that settle by September 23, 2022.

(3)Of this amount, $2,230,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023; and $3,107,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2030.

TBA Agency Securities	Notional Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	700,000	$	707,348	$	705,215
2.0%	1,700,000		1,753,652		1,746,736
30 Year Long
2.0%	300,000		303,320		300,609
2.5%	1,200,000		1,239,016		1,233,157
3.5%	300,000		313,543		313,556
Total (1)	$	4,200,000	$	4,316,879	$	4,299,273
December 31, 2020
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	200,000	$	204,758	$	205,781
2.0%	1,200,000		1,248,015		1,253,354
30 Year Long
2.0%	600,000		619,031		622,934
2.5%	800,000		838,047		841,314
3.5%	(200,000)		(211,055)		(211,406)
Total (1)	$	2,600,000	$	2,698,796	$	2,711,977

(1)$2,250,000 and $1,250,000 notional were forward settling at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

22

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies

Management

     The Company is managed by ACM, pursuant to a management agreement (see also Note 15 - Related Party Transactions). The management agreement entitles ACM to receive management fees payable monthly in arrears. Currently, the monthly management fee is 1/12th of the sum of (a) 1.5% of gross equity raised up to $1.0 billion plus (b) 0.75% of gross equity raised in excess of $1.0 billion. The cost of repurchased stock and any dividend representing a return of capital for tax purposes will reduce the amount of gross equity raised used to calculate the monthly management fee. At September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, the effective management fee, prior to management fees waived, was 0.98% and 1.01% based on gross equity raised of $3,245,650 and $2,937,354, respectively. ACM began waiving 40% of its management fee during the second quarter of 2020 and on January 13, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,400 for the first quarter of 2021 and $800 per month thereafter. On April 20, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,100 for the second quarter of 2021 and $700 per month thereafter. On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until further notice (see Note 16 - Subsequent Events). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ACM waived management fees of $2,100 and $6,600, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, ACM waived management fees of $2,953 and $5,900. The monthly management fees are not calculated based on the performance of our assets. Accordingly, the payment of our monthly management fees may not decline in the event of a decline in our earnings and may cause us to incur losses. We are also responsible for any costs and expenses that ACM incurs solely on our behalf other than the various overhead expenses specified in the terms of the management agreement. ACM is further entitled to receive termination fees from us under certain circumstances.

Indemnifications and Litigation

    We enter into certain contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications, principally with ACM and underwriters, against third party claims for errors and omissions in connection with their services to us. We have not incurred any costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the estimated fair value of these agreements, as well as the maximum amount attributable to past events, is not material. Accordingly, we have no liabilities recorded for these agreements at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

    Nine putative class action lawsuits have been filed in connection with the tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) and merger (the “Merger”) for JAVELIN. The Tender Offer and Merger are collectively defined herein as the “Transactions.” All nine suits name ARMOUR, the previous members of JAVELIN’s board of directors prior to the Merger (of which eight are current members of ARMOUR’s board of directors) (the “Individual Defendants”) and JMI Acquisition Corporation (“Acquisition”) as defendants. Certain cases also name ACM and JAVELIN as additional defendants. The lawsuits were brought by purported holders of JAVELIN’s common stock, both individually and on behalf of a putative class of JAVELIN’s stockholders, alleging that the Individual Defendants breached their fiduciary duties owed to the plaintiffs and the putative class of JAVELIN stockholders, including claims that the Individual Defendants failed to properly value JAVELIN; failed to take steps to maximize the value of JAVELIN to its stockholders; ignored or failed to protect against conflicts of interest; failed to disclose material information about the Transactions; took steps to avoid competitive bidding and to give ARMOUR an unfair advantage by failing to adequately solicit other potential acquirors or alternative transactions; and erected unreasonable barriers to other third-party bidders. The suits also allege that ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM and Acquisition aided and abetted the alleged breaches of fiduciary duties by the Individual Defendants. The lawsuits seek equitable relief, including, among other relief, to enjoin consummation of the Transactions, or rescind or unwind the Transactions if already consummated, and award costs and disbursements, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses. The sole Florida lawsuit was never served on the defendants, and that case was voluntarily dismissed and closed on January 20, 2017. On April 25, 2016, the Maryland court issued an order consolidating the eight Maryland cases into one action, captioned In re JAVELIN Mortgage Investment Corp. Shareholder Litigation (Case No. 24-C-16-001542), and designated counsel for one of the Maryland cases as interim lead co-counsel. On May 26, 2016, interim lead counsel filed the Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint for Breach of Fiduciary Duty asserting consolidated claims of breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting the breaches of fiduciary duty, and waste. On June 27, 2016, defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated

23

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Amended Class Action Complaint for failing to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. A hearing was held on the Motion to Dismiss on March 3, 2017, and the Court reserved ruling. On September 27, 2019, the court further deferred the matter for six months. On June 15, 2020, co-counsel for the plaintiff filed a notice of supplemental authority requesting to move the matter forward. On August 19, 2020, a Notification To Parties of Contemplated Dismissal was sent out by the Clerk of the Circuit Court to all parties. Counsel for the plaintiff responded on August 24, 2020, with a Motion to Defer Dismissal, and the court deferred dismissal until May 10, 2021. A Motion to Defer Dismissal Further was not filed; however, on August 16, 2021, the court ordered that (i) entry of an Order of Dismissal is further deferred until February 1, 2022 and (ii) if the case is not fully disposed of by that date, the clerk shall enter on the docket "dismissed for lack of prosecution without prejudice." No further action has been taken by the court.

Each of ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM and the Individual Defendants intends to defend the claims made in these lawsuits vigorously; however, there can be no assurance that any of ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM or the Individual Defendants will prevail in its defense of any of these lawsuits to which it is a party. An unfavorable resolution of any such litigation surrounding the Transactions may result in monetary damages being awarded to the plaintiffs and the putative class of former stockholders of JAVELIN and the cost of defending the litigation, even if resolved favorably, could be substantial. Due to the preliminary nature of all of these suits, ARMOUR is not able at this time to estimate their outcome.

Note 10 - Stock Based Compensation

    We adopted the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), to attract, retain and reward directors and other persons who provide services to us in the course of operations. The Plan authorizes the Board to grant awards including common stock, restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), stock options, performance shares, performance units, stock appreciation rights and other equity and cash-based awards (collectively, “Awards”), subject to terms as provided in the Plan. On May 13, 2021, at the Company’s 2021 annual meeting of stockholders, the Plan was amended to increase the aggregate number of shares available for issuance by 2,125 shares of common stock from 1,875 shares to 4,000 shares. At September 30, 2021, there were 2,167 shares available for future issuance under the Plan.

    Transactions related to awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are summarized below:

	September 30, 2021
	Number of Awards	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding beginning of period	496	$	19.77
Granted (1)	635	$	11.08
Vested	(230)	$	17.10
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding end of period	901	$	14.33

(1)During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 535 RSUs were granted to certain officers of ARMOUR through ACM and 100 RSUs were granted to the Board.

At September 30, 2021, there was approximately $12,911 of unvested stock based compensation related to the Awards (based on a weighted average grant date price of $14.33 per share), which we expect to recognize as an expense over the remaining average service period of 2.8 years. Our policy is to account for forfeitures as they occur. We also pay each of our non-executive Board members quarterly fees of $33, which are payable in cash, common stock, RSUs or a combination of common stock, RSUs and cash at the option of the director. Non-executive Board members have the option to participate in the Company's Non-Management Director Compensation and Deferral Program (the "Deferral Program"). The Deferral Program permits non-executive Board members to elect to receive either common stock or RSUs or a combination of common stock and RSUs at the option of the director, instead of all or part of their quarterly cash compensation and/or all or part of their committee and chairperson cash retainers.

24

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity

Changes in Stockholders' Equity    

    The following table presents the changes in Stockholders' Equity for the following interim periods.

Stockholders' Equity	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2021		September 30, 2021		March 31, 2020		June 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of quarter	$	938,304	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,436,707	$	786,250	$	851,231
Series B Preferred dividends ($0.1640625 per share)	—		—		—		(1,375)		—		—
Series C Preferred dividends ($0.14583 per share)	(2,486)		(2,996)		(2,995)		(1,452)		(2,320)		(2,320)
Common stock dividends (1)	(20,057)		(23,197)		(25,461)		(30,377)		(5,876)		(19,590)
Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption	—		—		—		(209,583)		—		—
Issuance of Series C Preferred Stock	28,173		8,412		—		129,221		(125)		—
Issuance of Common stock, net	52,960		159,264		49,072		—		48,886		—
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,199		1,205		1,237		1,001		1,022		1,028
Common Stock repurchased, net	—		—		—		(777)		—		—
Net income (loss)	71,327		(69,174)		33,982		(406,659)		51,748		58,386
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(42,234)		7,842		(20,685)		(130,456)		(28,354)		3,534
Balance, end of quarter	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,143,692	$	786,250	$	851,231	$	892,269

(1)    See the below table for common stock dividends per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Common stock dividends were $0.17 per share each month for January, February and March 2020. No common stock dividends were paid in April and May 2020, $0.09 per share was paid in June 2020 and for each month from July through September 2020 common stock dividends paid were $0.10 per share.

Preferred Stock

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we were authorized to issue up to 50,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board of Directors (“Board”) or a committee thereof. On January 28, 2020, we filed Articles Supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of the State of Maryland to designate 10,000 shares of the Company’s authorized preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, as shares of 7.00% Series C Preferred Stock with the powers, designations, preferences and other rights as set forth therein. At September 30, 2021, a total of 31,617 shares of our authorized preferred stock remain available for designation as future series.

Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock "Series C Preferred Stock"

At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had 6,847 and 5,347 shares, respectively, of Series C Preferred Stock issued and outstanding with a par value of $0.001 per share and a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, or $171,175 and $133,675 in the aggregate. Shares designated as Series C Preferred Stock but unissued totaled 3,153 and 4,653 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no accrued or unpaid dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock.

    On January 29, 2020, the Company entered into an Equity Sales Agreement (the “Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (formerly B. Riley FBR, Inc.) and BUCKLER, as sales agents (individually and

25

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

collectively, the “Agents"), and ACM, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, over a period of time and from time to time, through one or more of the Agents, as the Company’s agents, up to 6,550 of Series C Preferred Stock. The Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement relates to a proposed “at-the-market” offering program. Under the Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement, we will pay the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent under the Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold 1,500 shares under Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement for proceeds of $36,585, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $445.

Common Stock

    On August 20, 2021 we filed Articles of Amendment with the state of Maryland to increase the number of authorized common stock from 125,000 to 200,000 shares. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we were authorized to issue up to 200,000 and 125,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board. We had 87,709 shares of common stock issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and 65,290 shares of common stock issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020.

    On February 15, 2019, we entered into an Equity Sales Agreement (the “Common stock ATM Sales Agreement”) with BUCKLER, JMP Securities LLC and Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., as sales agents, relating to the shares of our common stock. On April 3, 2020, the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement was amended to add B. Riley Securities, Inc. (formerly B. Riley FBR, Inc.) as a sales agent. On May 4, 2020 the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement was further amended to increase the number of shares available for sale pursuant to the terms of the Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement. In accordance with the terms of the Common Stock ATM Sales agreement, as amended, we may offer and sell over a period of time and from time to time, up to 17,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The Common stock ATM Sales Agreement relates to an "at-the-market" offering program. Under the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, as amended, we paid the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent. Prior to exhausting the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, as amended, on May 18, 2021, we sold 10,713 shares for proceeds of $129,336, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $1,682.

After exhausting the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, we entered into a new Equity Sales Agreement (the “2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement”) on May 14, 2021, with BUCKLER, JMP Securities LLC, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and B. Riley Securities, Inc., as sales agents, relating to the shares of our common stock. In accordance with the terms of the 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales agreement, we may offer and sell over a period of time and from time to time, up to 17,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement relates to an "at-the-market" offering program. Under the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, we will pay the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent, under the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement. We have sold 11,529 shares under this agreement for proceeds of $131,960, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $1,473.

    See Note 15 - Related Party Transactions for discussion of additional transactions with BUCKLER.

    Common Stock Repurchased

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 8,210 authorized shares remaining under the current repurchase authorization. Under the Repurchase Program, shares may be purchased in the open market, including block trades, through privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to a trading plan separately adopted in the future. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be at our discretion, subject to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and related rules. We are not required to repurchase any shares under the Repurchase Program and it may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time for any reason. We do not intend to purchase shares from our Board or other affiliates. Under Maryland law, such repurchased shares are treated as authorized but unissued.

26

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Equity Capital Raising Activities

    The following tables present our equity transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transaction Type	Completion Date	Number of Shares	Per Share price (1)		Net Proceeds (Costs)
September 30, 2021
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 19, 2021 - April 9, 2021	1,500	$	24.38	$	36,585
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	March 3, 2021 - May 18, 2021	10,713	$	12.07	$	129,336
2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	May 19, 2021 - September 28, 2021	11,529	$	11.45	$	131,960
December 31, 2020
Preferred C Underwritten Offering	January 28, 2020	3,450	$	24.14	$	83,282
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 30, 2020 - December 23, 2020	1,897	$	24.70	$	46,856
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	April 7, 2020 - December 15, 2020	6,287	$	8.68	$	54,575
Common stock repurchases, net	February 26, 2020 - March 3, 2020	(40)	$	19.42	$	(777)

(1)Weighted average price

Dividends

    The following table presents our Series C Preferred Stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per Series C Preferred Share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	779.7
February 15, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.14583	$	836.9
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.14583	$	869.6
April 15, 2021	April 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
May 15, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
June 15, 2021	June 28, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
July 15, 2021	July 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
August 15, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
September 15, 2021	September 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
Total dividends paid				$	8,477.2

27

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    The following table presents our common stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per common share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 28, 2021	$	0.10	$	6,646
February 16, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.10	6,645
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.10	6,766
April 15, 2021	April 29, 2021	$	0.10	7,234
May 17, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.10	7,646
June 15, 2021	June 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,317
July 15, 2021	July 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
August 16, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
September 15, 2021	September 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,635
Total dividends paid				$	68,715

Note 12 - Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	30,987	$	56,066	$	27,658	$	(303,992)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		901		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	84,927		65,272		76,318		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 548 of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

28

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 13 - Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of comprehensive net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted comprehensive income (loss) per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	13,297	$	61,920	$	(18,942)	$	(451,801)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	10,302	$	59,600	$	(27,419)	$	(459,268)
Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders:
Basic	$	0.12	$	0.92	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Diluted	$	0.12	$	0.91	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		—		—
Diluted	84,927		65,272		75,417		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, 901 and 548, respectively, of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

29

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 14 - Income Taxes

    The following table reconciles our GAAP net income (loss) to estimated REIT taxable loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
GAAP net income (loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Book to tax differences:
TRS (income) loss	23		145		(43)		76
Premium amortization expense	(41)		(103)		(117)		(183)
Agency Securities, trading	2,387		(12,149)		45,790		(20,060)
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		6,510		—		188,075
U.S. Treasury Securities	9,170		—		9,198		(21,357)
Changes in interest rate contracts	(37,384)		(29,199)		(71,037)		334,312
Credit loss expense	—		—		—		1,012
Gain on Security Sales	(3,724)		(9,468)		(11,078)		(138,802)
Amortization of deferred hedging costs	(40,664)		(45,458)		(122,529)		(106,618)
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock dividend - Called for redemption	—		—		—		1,375
Other	531		561		1,368		1,032
Estimated REIT taxable loss	$	(35,720)	$	(30,775)	$	(112,313)	$	(57,663)

    Interest rate contracts are treated as hedging transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Unrealized gains and losses on open interest rate contracts are not included in the determination of REIT taxable income. Realized gains and losses on interest rate contracts terminated before their maturity are deferred and amortized over the remainder of the original term of the contract for REIT taxable income. At September 30, 2021 and at December 31, 2020, we had approximately $648,000 and $717,000, respectively, in interest rate swap expense amortizing through the year 2031. At September 30, 2021, we had $91,961 of net operating loss carryforwards available for use indefinitely.

Net capital losses realized	Amount		Available to offset capital gains through
2018	$	(136,388)	2023
2019	$	(13,819)	2024

The Company's subsidiary, ARMOUR TRS, Inc., has made an election as a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”). As such, the TRS is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state, and local income taxes based upon its taxable income.

    The aggregate tax basis of our assets and liabilities was less than our total Stockholders’ Equity at September 30, 2021 by approximately $236,674, or approximately $2.70 per common share (based on the 87,709 common shares then outstanding).

    We are required and intend to timely distribute substantially all of our REIT taxable income in order to maintain our REIT status under the Code. Total dividend payments to stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 were $28,456 and $77,192 and $21,910 and $63,310, respectively, (including the final dividend on the Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption, paid on February 27, 2020). Our REIT taxable income and dividend requirements to maintain our REIT status are determined on an annual basis. Dividends paid in excess of current tax earnings and profits for the year will generally not be taxable to common stockholders.

30

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

    Our management is responsible for determining whether tax positions taken by us are more likely than not to be sustained on their merits. We have no material unrecognized tax benefits or material uncertain tax positions.

Note 15 - Related Party Transactions

ACM    

    The Company is managed by ACM, pursuant to a management agreement. All of our executive officers are also employees of ACM. ACM manages our day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Board. The management agreement runs through June 18, 2027 and is thereafter automatically renewed for an additional five-year term unless terminated under certain circumstances.

    Under the terms of the management agreement, ACM is responsible for costs incident to the performance of its duties, such as compensation of its employees and various overhead expenses. ACM is responsible for the following primary roles:

•Advising us with respect to, arranging for and managing the acquisition, financing, management and disposition of, elements of our investment portfolio;

•Evaluating the duration risk and prepayment risk within the investment portfolio and arranging borrowing and hedging strategies;

•Coordinating capital raising activities;

•Advising us on the formulation and implementation of operating strategies and policies, arranging for the acquisition of assets, monitoring the performance of those assets and providing administrative and managerial services in connection with our day-to-day operations; and

•Providing executive and administrative personnel, office space and other appropriate services required in rendering management services to us.

ACM began waiving 40% of its management fee during the second quarter of 2020 and on January 13, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,400 for the first quarter of 2021 and $800 per month thereafter. On April 20, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,100 for the second quarter of 2021 and $700 per month thereafter. On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until further notice (see Note 16 - Subsequent Events).

The following table reconciles the fees incurred in accordance with the management agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Management fees	$	7,886	$	7,383	$	23,024	$	22,195
Less management fees waived	(2,100)		(2,953)		(6,600)		(5,900)
Total net management fee expense	$	5,786	$	4,430	$	16,424	$	16,295

    We are required to take actions as may be reasonably required to permit and enable ACM to carry out its duties and obligations. We are also responsible for any costs and expenses that ACM incurred solely on our behalf other than the various overhead expenses specified in the terms of the management agreement. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, we reimbursed ACM $92 and $130 and $2 and $150 for other expenses incurred on our behalf. In 2013, 2017, 2020 and January 2021, we elected to grant restricted stock unit awards to our executive officers and other ACM employees through ACM that generally vest over 5 years. In 2017, 2020 and January 2021,

31

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

we elected to grant RSUs to the Board. We recognized stock based compensation expense of $176 and $584 and $118 and $402 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

BUCKLER

    In March 2017, we contributed $352 for a 10% ownership interest in BUCKLER. The investment is included in prepaid and other assets in our consolidated balance sheet and is accounted for using the equity method as BUCKLER maintains specific ownership accounts. The value of the investment was $687 at September 30, 2021 and $634 at December 31, 2020, reflecting our total investment plus our share of BUCKLER’s operating results, in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement of BUCKLER that our independent directors negotiated. The primary purpose of our investment in BUCKLER is to facilitate our access to repurchase financing on potentially attractive terms (considering rate, term, size, haircut, relationship and funding commitment) compared to other suitable repurchase financing counterparties.

    Our operating agreement with BUCKLER contains certain provisions to benefit and protect the Company, including (1) sharing in any (a) defined profits realized by BUCKLER from the anticipated financing spreads resulting from repurchase financing facilitated by BUCKLER, and (b) distributions from BUCKLER to its members of net cash receipts, and (2) the realization of anticipated savings from reduced clearing, brokerage, trading and administrative fees. In addition, the independent directors of the Company must approve, in their sole discretion, any third-party business engaged by BUCKLER and may cause BUCKLER to wind up and dissolve and promptly return certain subordinated loans we provide to BUCKLER as regulatory capital (as described more fully below) if the independent directors reasonably determine that BUCKLER’s ability to provide attractive securities transactions for the Company is materially adversely affected. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we earned $117 and $1,382, respectively, from BUCKLER as an allocated share of Financing Gross Profit for a reduction of interest on repurchase agreements charged to the Company. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we did not receive any allocated share of Financing Gross Profit. Financing Gross Profit is defined in the operating agreement, subject to a contractually required reduction in our share of the Financing Gross Profit of $306 per annum until the end of the first quarter of 2022.

    We have one subordinated loan agreement with BUCKLER, totaling $105.0 million and maturing on May 1, 2025. BUCKLER may, at its option after obtaining regulatory approval, repay all or a portion of the principal amount of the loan. The loan has a stated interest rate of zero, plus additional interest payable to the Company in an amount equal to the amount of interest earned by BUCKLER on the investment of the loan proceeds, generally in government securities funds. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, the Company earned $20 and $52 and $25 and $312, respectively, of interest on this loan.

With BUCKLER as the sales agent, under the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement and the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement (see also Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity), we sold 4,818 and 10,529 common shares for proceeds of $58,374 and $120,411, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $702 and $1,213, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

    The table below summarizes other transactions with BUCKLER for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transactions with BUCKLER	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Repurchase agreements (1)	$	1,642,069	$	2,998,111
Collateral posted on repurchase agreements	$	1,707,223	$	3,117,929
U.S. Treasury Securities Purchased	$	100,000	$	—

(1)Interest on repurchase agreements was $774 and $2,938 and $1,424 and $36,821 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively. See also, Note 7 - Repurchase Agreements for transactions with BUCKLER.

32

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT NOTES (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share)

Note 16 - Subsequent Events

ACM Management Agreement

On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until ACM provides further notice to ARMOUR. ACM may terminate this waiver for any month by providing notice to ARMOUR on or before the 25th day of the preceding month. This waiver does not constitute a waiver of any other amounts due to ACM from ARMOUR under the management agreement between ARMOUR and ACM or otherwise, including but not limited to any expense reimbursements, any amounts calculated by reference to the contractual Base Management Fee (as defined in such management agreement), or any awards under the Second Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Incentive Plan.

Series C Preferred Stock

    A cash dividend of $0.14583 per outstanding share of Series C Preferred Stock, or $998 in the aggregate, will be paid on October 27, 2021 to holders of record on October 15, 2021. We have also declared cash dividends of $0.14583 per outstanding share of Series C Preferred Stock payable November 29, 2021 to holders of record on November 15, 2021 and payable December 27, 2021 to holders of record on December 15, 2021.

Common Stock

    A cash dividend of $0.10 per outstanding common share, or $9,065 in the aggregate, will be paid on October 28, 2021 to holders of record on October 15, 2021. We have also declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per outstanding common share payable November 15, 2021 to holders of record on November 29, 2021.

Between October 1, 2021 and October 13, 2021, we issued 1,980 shares under our 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement for proceeds of $21,543 net of issuance costs and commissions of $218.

33

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

    References to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” are to ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (“ARMOUR”) and its subsidiaries. References to “ACM” are to ARMOUR Capital Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership. ARMOUR owns a 10% equity interest in BUCKLER Securities LLC ("BUCKLER"), a Delaware limited liability company and a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer, controlled by ACM and certain executive officers of ARMOUR. Refer to the Glossary of Terms for definitions of capitalized terms and abbreviations used in this report.

    The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. U.S. dollar amounts are presented in thousands, except per share amounts or as otherwise noted.

Overview

    We are a Maryland corporation managed by ACM, an investment advisor registered with the SEC (see Note 9 and Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements). We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code and believe that we are organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and that our manner of operations enables us to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

    Our strategy is to create shareholder value through thoughtful investment and risk management that produces current yield and superior risk adjusted returns over the long term. Our focus on residential real estate finance supports home ownership for a broad and diverse spectrum of Americans by bringing private capital into the mortgage markets. We are deeply committed to implementing sustainable environmental, responsible social, and prudent governance practices that improve our work and our world.

    We strive to contribute to a healthy, sustainable environment by utilizing resources efficiently. As an organization, we create a relatively small environmental footprint. Still, we are focused on minimizing the environmental impact of our business where possible.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we invested in MBS, issued or guaranteed by a U.S. GSE, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or a government agency such as Ginnie Mae (collectively, Agency Securities). Our Agency Securities consist primarily of fixed rate loans. The remaining are either backed by hybrid adjustable rate or adjustable rate loans. From time to time we have also invested in Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, Interest-Only Securities, U.S. Treasury Securities and money market instruments.

    We earn returns on the spread between the yield on our assets and our costs, including the interest cost of the funds we borrow, after giving effect to our hedges. We identify and acquire MBS, finance our acquisitions with borrowings under a series of short-term repurchase agreements and then hedge certain risks based on our entire portfolio of assets and liabilities and our management’s view of the market.

Factors that Affect our Results of Operations and Financial Condition

    Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including, among other things, our net interest income, the market value of our assets and the supply of and demand for such assets. Recent events, such as those discussed below, can affect our business in ways that are difficult to predict and may produce results outside of typical operating variances. Our net interest income varies primarily as a result of changes in interest rates, borrowing costs and prepayment speeds, the behavior of which involves various risks and uncertainties. We currently invest primarily in Agency Securities, for which the principal and interest payments are guaranteed by a GSE. From time to time we have also invested in Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, Interest-Only Securities, U.S. Treasury Securities and money market instruments. As such, we expect our investments to be subject to risks arising from delinquencies and foreclosures, thereby exposing our investment portfolio to potential losses. We are exposed to changing credit spreads, which could result in declines in the fair value of our investments. We believe ACM’s in-depth investment expertise across multiple sectors of the mortgage market, prudent asset selection and our hedging strategy enable us to minimize our credit losses, our market value losses and financing costs.

34

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

    Interest Rates - Changes in interest rates, particularly short-term interest rates, may significantly influence our net interest income. With the maturities of our assets, generally of a longer term than those of our liabilities, interest rate increases will tend to decrease our net interest income and the market value of our assets (and therefore our book value). Such rate increases could possibly result in operating losses or adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. Our operating results depend, in large part, upon our ability to manage interest rate risks effectively while maintaining our status as a REIT.

    Prepayment Rates - Prepayments on MBS and the underlying mortgage loans may be influenced by changes in market interest rates and a variety of economic and geographic factors, policy decisions by regulators, as well as other factors beyond our control. To the extent we hold MBS acquired at a premium or discount to par, or face value, changes in prepayment rates may impact our anticipated yield. In periods of declining interest rates, prepayments on our MBS will likely increase. If we are unable to reinvest the proceeds of such prepayments at comparable yields, our net interest income may decline. Our operating results depend, in large part, upon our ability to manage prepayment risks effectively while maintaining our status as a REIT.

    While we use strategies to economically hedge some of our interest rate risk, we do not hedge all of our exposure to changes in interest rates and prepayment rates, as there are practical limitations on our ability to insulate our securities portfolio from all potential negative consequences associated with changes in short-term interest rates in a manner that will allow us to seek attractive net spreads on our securities portfolio. Also, since we have not elected to use cash flow hedge accounting, earnings reported in accordance with GAAP will fluctuate even in situations where our derivatives are operating as intended. As a result of this mark-to-market accounting treatment, our results of operations are likely to fluctuate far more than if we were to designate our derivative activities as cash flow hedges. Comparisons with companies that use cash flow hedge accounting for all or part of their derivative activities may not be meaningful. For these and other reasons more fully described under the section captioned “Derivative Instruments” below, no assurance can be given that our derivatives will have the desired beneficial impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

    In addition to the use of derivatives to hedge interest rate risk, a variety of other factors relating to our business may also impact our financial condition and operating performance; these factors include:

•our degree of leverage;

•our access to funding and borrowing capacity;

•the REIT requirements under the Code; and

•the requirements to qualify for an exclusion under the 1940 Act and other regulatory and accounting policies related to our business.

Management

    See Note 9 and Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements.

Market and Interest Rate Trends and the Effect on our Securities Portfolio:

Third Quarter 2021 Trends

The emergence of variant strains of the COVID-19 virus slowed or reversed the positive trends we saw emerging early in the second quarter 2021. The resulting increase in virus caseloads resulted in delays or modifications in the reopening of some businesses, schools and public services. We believe that COVID-19 considerations will continue to influence individual and institutional behaviors for some time to come.

Our remote work environment protocol has allowed operations to remain fully functional while we worked remotely. While all of ACM's eligible employees are fully vaccinated, we have slowed our phased plan to return to working full time from ACM’s offices. We currently expect to fully return to our office work environment in November 2021, unless local COVID-19 conditions prohibit that.

35

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Intervention by the Federal Reserve, which began in March 2020, has stabilized and increased the price of agency residential and commercial mortgage backed securities. Tapering of that intervention by the Fed is likely becoming more imminent, but specific timing and methods for that tapering have not been officially announced. Financial markets will likely be highly sensitive to the Fed’s tapering decisions and communication. ARMOUR continues to mitigate risk, use moderate leverage (as compared to historical levels) and maximize liquidity within the scope of its business plan. ARMOUR has carefully selected new investments within the context of the current historically high prices of our target assets. The agency mortgage backed securities market remains highly dependent on the future course and timing of the Fed's actions on interest rates and market purchases of our target assets.

Developments at Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac

    The payments we receive on the Agency Securities in which we invest depend upon a steady stream of payments by borrowers on the underlying mortgages and the fulfillment of guarantees by GSEs. There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government's intervention in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will continue to be adequate or assured for the longer-term viability of these GSEs. These uncertainties may lead to concerns about the availability of and market for Agency Securities in the long term. Accordingly, if the GSEs defaulted on their guaranteed obligations, suffered losses or ceased to exist, the value of our Agency Securities and our business, operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

The passage of any new federal legislation affecting Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac may create market uncertainty and reduce the actual or perceived credit quality of securities issued or guaranteed by them. If Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were reformed or wound down, it is unclear what effect, if any, this would have on the value of the existing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Agency Securities. The foregoing could materially adversely affect the pricing, supply, liquidity and value of the Agency Securities in which we invest and otherwise materially adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition.

Short-term Interest Rates and Funding Costs

    Changes in Fed policy affect our financial results, since our cost of funds is largely dependent on short-term rates. An increase in our cost of funds without a corresponding increase in interest income earned on our MBS would cause our net income to decline. Below is the Fed's target range for the Federal Funds Rate at each Fed meeting where a change was made since March 2019.

Meeting Date	Lower Bound		Higher Bound
March 16, 2020	0.00	%	0.25	%
March 3, 2020	1.00	%	1.25	%
December 2019	1.50	%	1.75	%
October 2019	1.50	%	1.75	%
September 2019	1.75	%	2.00	%
July 2019	2.00	%	2.25	%
March 2019	2.25	%	2.50	%

Our borrowings in the repurchase market have historically closely tracked the Federal Funds Rate and LIBOR, and more recently SOFR. Traditionally, a lower Federal Funds Rate has indicated a time of increased net interest margin and higher asset values. Volatility in these rates and divergence from the historical relationship among these rates could negatively impact our ability to manage our securities portfolio. If rates were to increase as a result, our net interest margin and the value of our securities portfolio might suffer as a result. The scheduled discontinuation of LIBOR contracts in December 2021 is not expected to significantly impact our liquidity or the value of our MBS. Our remaining MBS exposure to LIBOR at September 30, 2021, is $6,792 of legacy ARMs. Our derivatives are either Fed Funds or SOFR-based interest rate swap contracts; none are LIBOR-based (see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements). We will continue to assess the impact on our securities portfolio throughout 2021.

36

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

    The following graph shows 30-day LIBOR as compared to the effective Federal Funds Rate and SOFR Rate on a monthly basis from September 30, 2019 to September 30, 2021.

Long-term Interest Rates and Mortgage Spreads

    Our securities are valued at an interest rate spread versus long-term interest rates (mortgage spread). This mortgage spread varies over time and can be above or below long-term averages, depending upon market participants' current desire to own MBS over other investment alternatives. When the mortgage spread gets smaller (or negative) versus long-term interest rates, our book value will be positively affected. When this spread gets larger (or positive), our book value will be negatively affected.

    Mortgage spreads can vary due to movements in securities valuations, movements in long-term interest rates or a combination of both. We mainly use interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts and Futures Contracts to economically hedge against changes in the valuation of our securities. We do not use such hedging contracts for speculative purposes.

    We may reduce our net TBA Agency Securities exposure by entering in to certain TBA short positions. The TBA short positions represent different securities and maturities than our TBA Agency Security long positions, and accordingly, may perform somewhat differently. While we expect our TBA Agency Securities short positions to perform well compared to our related mortgage securities, there can be no assurance as to their relative performance.

37

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Results of Operations

Net Income (Loss) Summary

    The following is a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods presented:

Net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 reflects interest income from a smaller average securities portfolio as well as gains (losses) on our Agency Securities and the realized and unrealized gains (losses) on our interest rate swaps.

Our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were significantly impacted by COVID-19. To increase liquidity, we significantly reduced our portfolio of Agency Securities (including TBA Agency Securities) by 41% from December 31, 2019. We also terminated $7,750,000 in notional interest rate swap contracts during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 reflected realized and unrealized losses on our interest rate swaps due to declines in interest rates in the quarter and exiting notional positions as well as fair value losses on our Credit Risk Transfer Securities. We are now focused primarily on an all Agency Securities portfolio.

38

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Net Interest Income

    Net interest income is a function of both our securities portfolio size and net interest rate spread.

2021 vs. 2020

•Our average securities portfolio, including TBA Agency Securities, decreased 8.0% from $8,088,346 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to $7,440,880 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

•Our average securities portfolio yield decreased 0.06% and our cost of funds increased 0.19% for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

•Our net interest rate spread decreased by 0.25% for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Net interest income also decreased due to a lower average securities portfolio balance.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest Income:
Agency Securities, net of amortization of premium and fees	$	21,659	$	25,188	$	58,422	$	128,612
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, including discount accretion	—		518		—		17,746
U.S. Treasury Securities	356		—		356		469
BUCKLER Subordinated loan	20		24		52		312
Total Interest Income	$	22,035	$	25,730	$	58,830	$	147,139
Interest expense- repurchase agreements	(1,614)		(2,954)		(5,590)		(59,863)
Interest expense- U.S. Treasury Securities sold short	—		—		(87)		(32)
Net Interest Income	$	20,421	$	22,776	$	53,153	$	87,244

    The following table presents the components of the yield earned on our securities portfolio for the quarterly periods ended on the dates shown below:

	Asset Yield		Cost of Funds		Net Interest Margin		Interest Expense on Repurchase Agreements
September 2021	2.15	%	0.45	%	1.70	%	0.17	%
June 2021	1.95	%	0.50	%	1.45	%	0.17	%
March 2021	1.84	%	0.35	%	1.49	%	0.23	%
December 2020	1.99	%	0.27	%	1.72	%	0.26	%
September 2020	2.21	%	0.26	%	1.95	%	0.26	%
June 2020	2.53	%	0.90	%	1.63	%	0.55	%
March 2020	3.18	%	1.95	%	1.23	%	1.94	%
December 2019	3.63	%	2.14	%	1.49	%	2.14	%
September 2019	3.56	%	2.25	%	1.31	%	2.55	%

39

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

    The yield on our assets is most significantly affected by the rate of repayments on our Agency Securities. The following graph shows the annualized CPR on a monthly basis for the quarterly periods ended on the dates shown below.

Other Income (Loss)

2021 vs. 2020

•Gains on Agency Securities, available for sale, resulted from first quarter 2021 sales of $87,875 compared to gains from sales of $61,746 and $10,762,842 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. There were no sales of Agency Securities, available for sale, during the second and third quarters of 2021.

•During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we evaluated our available for sale securities to determine if the available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position were impaired. It was determined that no credit loss expense was required. In the first quarter of 2020, we recognized an impairment of $1,012 in our consolidated statements of operations as we had determined that we may have been required to sell certain securities in the near future.

•Gain (loss) on Agency Securities, trading, resulted from the change in fair value of the securities as well as the loss on sales. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the change in fair value of the securities was $(2,387) and $(42,859) compared to $12,149 and $21,194 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold $813,178 of Agency Securities, trading, resulting in a loss of $(2,931). For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 we sold $154,369 of Agency Securities, trading, resulting in a loss of $(1,134). There were no sales of Agency Securities, trading, during the three months ended September 30, 2021 or September 30, 2020.

40

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

•Loss on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities resulted from the sale of securities as well as the change in fair value of the securities. We did not have any Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities at September 30, 2021 or September 30, 2020.

•Gain (loss) on U.S. Treasury Securities resulted from the change in fair value of the securities as well as the gain (loss) on sales. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the change in fair value of the securities was $(5,093). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold $194,719 of U.S. Treasury Securities resulting in a realized loss of $(4,077). For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we sold $3,785,248 of U.S. Treasury Securities resulting in realized gain of $21,771.

•Gain (losses) on Derivatives resulted from a combination of the following:

◦Interest rate swap contracts' aggregate notional balance increased from $5,337,000 at December 31, 2020 to $6,810,000 at September 30, 2021.

◦The unrealized gain on derivatives was a result of the change in fair value of our interest rate swap contracts.

◦The majority of the realized loss on derivatives for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was due to exiting notional positions on our interest rate swap contracts of $7,750,000. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, $1,850,000 notional positions were terminated.

◦The decrease in TBA prices and the increase of our total TBA Agency Securities aggregate notional balance from $2,600,000 at December 31, 2020 to $4,200,000 at September 30, 2021 resulted in income (loss) of $6,293 and $(14,200) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 income of $15,721 and $84,033, respectively.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Other Income (Loss):
Realized gain on sale of available for sale Agency Securities (reclassified from Other Comprehensive Income (Loss))	$	3,724	$	9,468	$	11,078	$	138,802
Credit loss expense	—		—		—		(1,012)
Gain (loss) on Agency Securities, trading	(2,387)		12,149		(45,790)		20,060
Loss on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		(6,633)		—		(189,555)
Gain (loss) on U.S. Treasury Securities	(9,170)		—		(9,170)		21,771
Loss on short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities	—		—		(28)		(414)
Subtotal	$	(7,833)	$	14,984	$	(43,910)	$	(10,348)
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	(29,540)		20,866		(60,548)		(394,850)
Unrealized gain on derivatives	59,849		6,866		113,085		46,304
Subtotal	$	30,309	$	27,732	$	52,537	$	(348,546)
Total Other Income (Loss)	$	22,476	$	42,716	$	8,627	$	(358,894)

Expenses

    The Company is managed by ACM, pursuant to a management agreement. The management fees are determined based on gross equity raised. Therefore, management fees increase when we raise capital and decline when we repurchase previously issued stock and liquidate distributions as approved and so designated by a majority of the Board. However, because the management fee rate decreased to 0.75% per annum for gross equity raised in excess of $1.0 billion, the effective average management fee rate declines as equity is raised. Gross equity raised was $3,245,650 at September 30, 2021, compared to $2,937,354 at September 30, 2020. ACM began waiving 40% of its management fee during the second quarter of 2020 and on January 13, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of

41

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

$2,400 for the first quarter of 2021 and $800 per month thereafter. On April 20, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,100 for the second quarter of 2021 and $700 per month thereafter. On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until further notice (see Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, ACM waived management fees of $2,100 and $6,600 and $2,953 and $5,900, respectively.

    Professional fees include securities clearing, legal, audit and consulting costs and are generally driven by the size and complexity of our securities portfolio, the volume of transactions we execute and the extent of research and due diligence activities we undertake on potential transactions.

    Insurance includes premiums for both general business and directors and officers liability coverage. The fluctuation from year to year is due to changes in premiums.

    Compensation includes non-executive director compensation as well as the restricted stock units awarded to our Board, executive officers and other ACM employees through ACM. The fluctuation from year to year is due to the number of awards vesting.

    Other expenses include fees for market and pricing data, analytics and risk management systems and portfolio related data processing costs as well as stock exchange listing fees and similar stockholder related expenses, net of other miscellaneous income.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Expenses:
Management fees	$	7,899	$	7,393	$	23,055	$	22,234
Professional fees	581		559		1,909		3,058
Insurance	200		183		588		549
Compensation	1,676		1,387		5,027		4,210
Other	659		537		1,666		724
Total Expenses	$	11,015	$	10,059	$	32,245	$	30,775
Less management fees waived	(2,100)		(2,953)		(6,600)		(5,900)
Total Expenses after fees waived	$	8,915	$	7,106	$	25,645	$	24,875

Taxable Income

    As a REIT that regularly distributes all of its taxable income, we are generally not required to pay federal income tax (see Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements).

Realized gains and losses on interest rate contracts terminated before their maturity are deferred and amortized over the remainder of the original term of the contract for REIT taxable income. At September 30, 2021 and at December 31, 2020, we had approximately $648,000 and $717,000, respectively, in interest rate swap expense amortizing through the year 2031. We currently project that such amortization will exceed the Company's other taxable income for 2021. As a result, we currently project that all 2021 dividends on the Company's common stock and Series C Preferred Stock will be treated as basis adjustments rather than currently taxable income for stockholder tax purposes. This is consistent with the treatment of dividends for 2020. At September 30, 2021, we had $91,961 of net operating loss carryforwards available for use indefinitely.

42

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners (see Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements).

Financial Condition

Investments In Securities

    Our securities portfolio consists primarily of Agency Securities backed by fixed rate home loans. From time to time, a portion of our Agency Securities may be backed by hybrid adjustable rate and adjustable rate home loans as well as unsecured notes and bonds issued by GSEs, U.S. Treasuries and money market instruments, subject to certain income tests we must satisfy for our qualification as a REIT. Our charter permits us to invest in MBS. Our TBA Agency Securities are reported at net carrying value and are reported in Derivatives, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets (see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements).

    The charts below present our investments in securities by percentage of our total investments in securities, at fair value as of the dates indicated.

43

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Agency Securities

    Security purchase and sale transactions, including purchases and sales for forward settlement, are recorded on the trade date to the extent it is probable that we will take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities. Gains or losses realized from the sale of securities are included in income and are determined using the specific identification method. We typically purchase Agency Securities at premium prices. The premium price paid over par value on those assets is expensed as the underlying mortgages experience repayment or prepayment. The lower the prepayment rate, the lower the amount of amortization expense for a particular period. Accordingly, the yield on an asset and earnings are higher. If prepayment rates increase, the amount of amortization expense for a particular period will go up. These increased prepayment rates would act to decrease the yield on an asset and would decrease earnings.

    Our net interest income is primarily a function of the difference between the yield on our assets and the financing (borrowing and hedging) cost of owning those assets. Since we tend to purchase Agency Securities at a premium to par, the main item that can affect the yield on our Agency Securities after they are purchased is the rate at which the mortgage borrowers repay the loan. While the scheduled repayments, which are the principal portion of the homeowners’ regular monthly payments, are fairly predictable, the unscheduled repayments, which are generally refinancing of the mortgage but can also result from repurchases of delinquent, defaulted, or modified loans, are less so. Being able to accurately estimate and manage these repayment rates is a critical portion of the management of our securities portfolio, not only for estimating current yield but also for considering the rate of reinvestment of those proceeds into new securities, the yields on those new securities and the impact of the repayments on our hedging strategy.

    Adjustable and hybrid adjustable rate mortgage loans underlying some of our Agency Securities have fixed interest rates after which time the interest rates reset and become adjustable. After a reset date, interest rates on our adjustable and hybrid adjustable Agency Securities float based on spreads over various indices, typically LIBOR or the one-year constant maturity treasury rate. These interest rates are subject to caps that limit the amount the applicable interest rate can increase during any year, known as an annual cap and through the maturity of the security, known as a lifetime cap.

    Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we designated Agency MBS purchased as “trading securities” for financial reporting purposes, and consequently, fair value changes for these investments will be reported in net income. We anticipate continuing this designation for newly acquired Agency MBS positions because it is more representative of our

44

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

results of operations insofar as the fair value changes for these securities are presented in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes of our hedging instruments. Fair value changes for the legacy Agency MBS positions designated as “available for sale” will continue to be reported in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP.

TBA Agency Securities

    We account for TBA Agency Securities as derivative instruments if it is reasonably possible that we will not take or make physical delivery of the Agency Security upon settlement of the contract. TBA Agency Securities are forward contracts for the purchase (“long position”) or sale (“short position”) of Agency Securities at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date. The specific Agency Securities delivered pursuant to the contract upon the settlement date, published each month by the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, are not known at the time of the transaction. We estimate the fair value of TBA Agency Securities based on similar methods used to value our Agency Securities. TBA Agency Securities are included in the table below on a gross basis as they can be used to establish and finance portfolio positions in Agency Securities.

    The tables below summarize certain characteristics of our investments in securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Asset Type	Principal Amount		Fair Value		Weighted Average Coupon		CPR (1)		Weighted Average Months to Maturity	Percent of Total
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	3,283,377	$	3,529,221	3.0	%	9.8	%	254	40.3	%
Total Freddie Mac	676,281		715,511		3.1	%	22.4	%	261	8.2
Total Ginnie Mae	14,084		14,562		2.0	%	13.6	%	212	0.2
Total Agency Securities	$	3,973,742	$	4,259,294	3.0	%	11.9	%	255	48.7	%
TBA Agency Securities:
15 Year Long (2)	2,400,000		2,451,951		1.9	%	n/a		n/a	28.0
30 Year Long (2)	1,800,000		1,847,322		2.5	%	n/a		n/a	21.1
Total TBA Agency Securities	$	4,200,000	$	4,299,273	2.1	%	n/a		n/a	49.1	%
U.S. Treasury Securities	200,000		194,906		1.3	%	n/a		118	2.2	%
Total Investments in Securities	$	8,373,742	$	8,753,473						100.0	%
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	3,779,964	$	4,158,987	3.2	%	14.8	%	255	52.7	%
Total Freddie Mac	925,036		993,173		3.3	%	23.9	%	262	12.6
Total Ginnie Mae	25,388		26,162		2.9	%	7.6	%	206	0.3
Total Agency Securities	$	4,730,388	$	5,178,322	3.3	%	16.6	%	256	65.6	%
TBA Agency Securities:
15 Year Long (2)	1,400,000		1,459,135		1.9	%	n/a		n/a	18.5
30 Year Long (2)	1,200,000		1,252,842		2.1	%	n/a		n/a	15.9
Total TBA Agency Securities	$	2,600,000	$	2,711,977	2.0	%	n/a		n/a	34.4	%
Total Investments in Securities	$	7,330,388	$	7,890,299						100.0	%

45

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

(1)Weighted average CPR during the quarter for the securities owned at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

(2)Our TBA Agency Securities were recorded as derivative instruments in our accompanying consolidated financial statements. Our TBA Agency Securities were reported at net carrying values of $(12,446) and $19,747, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and were reported in Derivatives, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets (see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements).

Repurchase Agreements

    We have entered into repurchase agreements to finance the majority of our MBS. Our repurchase agreements are secured by our MBS and bear interest at rates that have historically moved in close relationship to the Federal Funds Rate and LIBOR. We have established borrowing relationships with numerous investment banking firms and other lenders, 18 of which had open repurchase agreements with us at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. We had outstanding balances under our repurchase agreements at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 of $3,450,439 and $4,536,065, respectively, consistent with the size of our securities portfolio.

    Our repurchase agreements require excess collateral, known as a “haircut.” At September 30, 2021, the average haircut percentage was 3.44% compared to 3.13% at December 31, 2020. The haircut for our repurchase agreements vary by counterparty and therefore, the changes in the average haircut percentage will vary with the changes in our counterparty repurchase agreement balances.

Derivative Instruments

    We use various contracts to manage our interest rate risk as we deem prudent in light of market conditions and the associated costs with counterparties that have a high quality credit rating and with futures exchanges. We generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate with the objective of fixing a portion of our borrowing costs and hedging the change in our book value to some degree. The floating rate we receive is generally the Federal Funds Rate, SOFR or LIBOR. Our policies do not contain specific requirements as to the percentages or amount of interest rate risk that we are required to hedge. No assurance can be given that our derivatives will have the desired beneficial impact on our results of operations or financial condition. We have not elected cash flow hedge accounting treatment as allowed by GAAP. Since we do not designate our derivative activities as cash flow hedges, realized as well as unrealized gains/losses from these transactions will impact our GAAP earnings.

    Use of derivative instruments may fail to protect or could adversely affect us because, among other things:

•available derivatives may not correspond directly with the interest rate risk for which protection is sought (e.g., the difference in interest rate movements for long-term U.S. Treasury Securities compared to Agency Securities);

•the duration of the derivatives may not match the duration of the related liability;

•the counterparty to a derivative agreement with us may default on its obligation to pay or not perform under the terms of the agreement and the collateral posted may not be sufficient to protect against any consequent loss;

•we may lose collateral we have pledged to secure our obligations under a derivative agreement if the associated counterparty becomes insolvent or files for bankruptcy;

•we may experience a termination event under one or more of our derivative agreements related to our REIT status, equity levels and performance, which could result in a payout to the associated counterparty and a taxable loss to us;

•the credit-quality of the party owing money on the derivatives may be downgraded to such an extent that it impairs our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction; and

•the value of derivatives may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with GAAP to reflect changes in fair value; downward adjustments, or “mark-to-market losses,” would reduce our net income or increase any net loss.

46

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

    The following graphs present the notional and weighted average interest rate of our interest rate swap contracts by year of maturity.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had derivatives with a net fair value of $155,620 and $53,469, respectively. At September 30, 2021, we had interest rate swap contracts with an aggregate notional balance of $6,810,000, a weighted average swap rate of 0.59% and a weighted average term of 81 months. At December 31, 2020, we had interest rate swap contracts with an aggregate notional balance of $5,337,000, a weighted average swap rate of 0.24% and a

47

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

weighted average term of 58 months. In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we purchased and sold Futures Contracts with an aggregate notional balance of $500. Futures Contracts are traded on the CME and substantial credit support for the Futures Contracts is provided by the CME. Counterparty risk of derivatives is limited to some degree because of daily mark-to-market and collateral requirements. These derivative transactions are designed to: (1) lock in a portion of funding costs for financing activities associated with our assets in such a way as to help assure the realization of attractive net interest margins and (2) vary inversely in value with our MBS. Such contracts are based on assumptions about prepayments which, if not realized, will cause results to differ from expectations.

We also had TBA Agency Securities with an aggregate notional balance of $4,200,000 and $2,600,000 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Although we attempt to structure our derivatives to offset the changes in asset prices, the complexity of the actual and expected prepayment characteristics of the underlying mortgages as well as the volatility in mortgage interest rates relative to U.S. Treasury and interest rate swap contract rates makes achieving high levels of offset difficult. We recognized net gains (losses) of $30,309 and $52,537 and $27,732 and $(348,546), for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively, related to our derivatives.

    As required by the Dodd-Frank Act, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has adopted rules requiring certain interest rate swap contracts to be cleared through a derivatives clearing organization. We are required to clear certain new interest rate swap contracts. Cleared interest rate swaps may have higher margin requirements than un-cleared interest rate swaps we previously had. We have established an account with a futures commission merchant for this purpose. To date, we have not entered into any cleared interest rate swap contracts.

    We are required to account for our TBA Agency Securities as derivatives when it is reasonably possible that we will not take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities. However, from time to time, we use TBA Agency Securities primarily to effectively establish portfolio positions. See the section, "TBA Agency Securities" above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At September 30, 2021, our liquidity totaled $790,469, consisting of $126,094 of cash plus $664,375 of unpledged MBS (including securities received as collateral). Our primary sources of funds are borrowings under repurchase arrangements, monthly principal and interest payments on our MBS and cash generated from our operating results. Other potential sources of liquidity include our automatic shelf registration filed with the SEC, pursuant to which we may offer an unspecified amount of shares of our common stock, preferred stock, warrants, depositary shares and debt securities (refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements). We generally maintain liquidity to pay down borrowings under repurchase arrangements to reduce borrowing costs and otherwise efficiently manage our long-term investment capital. Because the level of our borrowings can be adjusted on a daily basis, the level of cash carried on our consolidated balance sheet is significantly less important than our potential liquidity available under our borrowing arrangements. We continue to pursue additional lending counterparties in order to help increase our financial flexibility and ability to withstand periods of contracting liquidity in the credit markets.

In addition to the repurchase agreement financing discussed above, from time to time we have entered into reverse repurchase agreements with certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties. Under a typical reverse repurchase agreement, we purchase U.S. Treasury Securities from a borrower in exchange for cash and agree to sell the same securities back in the future. We then sell such U.S. Treasury Securities to third parties and recognize a liability to return the securities to the original borrower. Reverse repurchase agreement receivables and repurchase agreement liabilities are presented net when they meet certain criteria, including being with the same counterparty, being governed by the same MRA, settlement through the same brokerage or clearing account and maturing on the same day. The practical effect of these transactions is to replace a portion of our repurchase agreement financing of our MBS in our securities portfolio with short positions in U.S. Treasury Securities. We believe that this helps to reduce interest rate risk, and therefore counterparty credit and liquidity risk. Both parties to the repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions have the right to make daily margin calls based on changes in the value of the collateral obtained and/or pledged. We did not have any reverse repurchase agreements outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

48

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

    Our primary uses of cash are to purchase MBS, pay interest and principal on our borrowings, fund our operations and pay dividends. From time to time, we purchase or sell assets for forward settlement up to 90 days in the future to lock in purchase prices or sales proceeds. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we financed our securities portfolio with $3,450,439 and $4,536,065 of borrowings under repurchase agreements. Our debt to equity ratios at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were 3.02:1 and 4.83:1, respectively. Our leverage ratios, including notional on our TBA Agency Securities, were 6.69:1 and 7.61:1 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

    During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we purchased $1,672,381 of securities using proceeds from repurchase agreements and principal repayments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we received cash of $690,933 from principal payments on our MBS. We had a net cash decrease from our repurchase agreements of $1,085,626 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and made cash interest payments of approximately $13,406 on our liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

    During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we purchased $10,696,088 of securities using proceeds from repurchase agreements and principal repayments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we received cash of $967,914 from principal payments on our MBS. We had a net cash decrease from our repurchase agreements of $6,843,752 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and made cash interest payments of approximately $178,719 on our liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

    Cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities was $24,384 and $(294,935), respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020. The change was due to the realized losses on our interest rate swap contracts due to exiting $7,750,000 notional positions as well as fair value losses on our Credit Risk Transfer Securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Our average securities portfolio was $7,440,880 and $8,088,346 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold 1,500 of Series C Preferred stock for an increase in equity of $36,585. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold 22,242 shares of our common stock, for an increase in equity of $261,296 (see Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements).

We currently believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources available for the acquisition of additional investments, repayments on repurchase borrowings, reacquisition of securities to be returned to borrowers and the payment of cash dividends as required for continued qualification as a REIT.

Repurchase Agreements

    Declines in the value of our Agency Securities portfolio can trigger margin calls by our lenders under our repurchase agreements. An event of default or termination event under the standard MRA would give our counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with us and require any amount due to be payable immediately.

    Changing capital or other financial market regulatory requirements may cause our lenders to exit the repurchase market, increase financing rates, tighten lending standards or increase the amount of required equity capital or haircut we post, any of which could make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing.

The following graph represents the outstanding balances of our repurchase agreements (before the effect of netting reverse repurchase agreements), which finance most of our MBS. Our repurchase agreements balance will fluctuate based on our change in capital, leverage targets and the market prices of our assets (including the effects of principal paydowns) and the level and timing of investment and reinvestment activity (see Note 7 and Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements).

49

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Effects of Margin Requirements, Leverage and Credit Spreads

     Our MBS have values that fluctuate according to market conditions and, as discussed above, the market value of our MBS will decrease as prevailing interest rates or credit spreads increase. When the value of the securities pledged to secure a repurchase agreement decreases to the point where the positive difference between the collateral value and the loan amount is less than the haircut, our lenders may issue a margin call, which requires us to pay the difference in cash or pledge additional collateral to meet the obligations under our repurchase agreements. Under our repurchase facilities, our lenders have full discretion to determine the value of the MBS we pledge to them. Most of our lenders will value securities based on recent trades in the market. Lenders also issue margin calls as the published current principal balance factors change on the pool of mortgages underlying the securities pledged as collateral when scheduled and unscheduled principal repayments are announced monthly.

    We generally seek to borrow (on a recourse basis) between six and ten times the amount of our total stockholders’ equity. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we financed our securities portfolio with $3,450,439 and $4,536,065 of borrowings under repurchase agreements. Our debt to equity ratios at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were 3.02:1 and 4.83:1, respectively. Our leverage ratios, including notional on our TBA Agency Securities, were 6.69:1 and 7.61:1 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Forward-Looking Statements Regarding Liquidity

    Based on our current portfolio, leverage rate and available borrowing arrangements, we believe that our cash flow from operations and our ability to make timely portfolio adjustments will be sufficient to enable us to meet anticipated short-term (one year or less) liquidity requirements such as to fund our investment activities, meet our financing obligations, pay fees under the management agreement and fund our distributions to stockholders and pay general corporate expenses.

We may increase our capital resources by obtaining long-term credit facilities or making public or private offerings of equity or debt securities, including classes of preferred stock, common stock and senior or subordinated notes to meet our long-term (greater than one year) liquidity. Such financing will depend on market conditions for capital raises and for the investment of any proceeds and there can be no assurances that we will successfully obtain any such financing.

50

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Stockholders’ Equity

    See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had not maintained any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance, or special purpose or variable interest entities, established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Furthermore, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had not guaranteed any obligations of any unconsolidated entities or entered into any commitment or intent to provide funding to any such entities. All of our transactions with BUCKLER are reflected in our consolidated balance sheets.

Critical Accounting Policies

    See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for our significant accounting policies.

Valuation

    The unrealized changes in fair value on our available for sale securities are reflected in total stockholders' equity as accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. Changes in fair value of our trading securities are reported in the consolidated statements of operations as income or loss. We do not use hedge accounting for our derivatives for financial reporting purposes and therefore changes in fair value are reflected in net income as other gain or loss. To the extent that fair value changes on derivatives offset fair value changes in our MBS, the fluctuation in our stockholders’ equity will be lower. For example, rising interest rates may tend to result in an overall increase in our reported net income even while our total stockholders’ equity declines.

    Fair value for our MBS and derivatives is based on obtaining a valuation for each from third party pricing services and/or dealer quotes. The third party pricing services use common market pricing methods that may include pricing models that may incorporate such factors as coupons, collateral type, bond structure, prepayment speeds, priority of payments, defaults, delinquencies and severities, spread to the Treasury curve and interest rate swap curves, duration, periodic and life caps and credit enhancement. If the fair value of the MBS is not available from the third party pricing services or such data appears unreliable, we obtain pricing indications from up to three dealers who make markets in similar MBS. Management reviews pricing used to ensure that current market conditions are properly reflected. This review includes, but is not limited to, comparisons of similar market transactions or alternative third party pricing services, dealer pricing indications and comparisons to a third party pricing model.

    Fair value for our U.S. Treasury Securities is based on obtaining a valuation for each U.S. Treasury Security from third party pricing services and/or dealer quotes.

Realized Gains and Losses

    Security purchase and sale transactions, including purchases and sales for forward settlement, are recorded on the trade date to the extent it is probable that we will take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities.

    Available for Sale Securities

We realize gains and losses on our available for sale securities upon their sale. At that time, previously unrealized amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified and reported in net income as other gain or loss. To the extent that we sell available for sale securities in later periods after changes in the fair value of those available for sale securities have occurred, we may report significant net income or net loss without a corresponding change in our total stockholders' equity.

51

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Declines in the fair values of our available for sale securities that represent credit impairments are also treated as realized losses and reported in net income as other loss. We evaluate available for sale securities for impairment at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. We consider available for sale securities impaired if we (1) intend to sell the available for sale securities, (2) believe it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery (for example, because of liquidity requirements or contractual obligations), and (3) a credit loss exists. Impairment losses recognized establish a new cost basis for the related available for sale securities. Gains or losses on subsequent sales are determined by reference to such new cost basis.

    Trading Securities

    We carry our trading securities at fair value and reflect changes in those fair values in net income as other gains and losses.

Inflation

    Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are interest rate-sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and other factors influence our performance far more than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and any distributions we may make will be determined by our Board based in part on our REIT taxable income as calculated according to the requirements of the Code; in each case, our activities and balance sheet are measured with reference to fair value without considering inflation.

Subsequent Events

    See Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The forward-looking statements in this report are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations are subject to risks and uncertainties and can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. See Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should carefully consider these risks before you make an investment decision with respect to our stock, along with the following factors that could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements:

•the impact of COVID-19 on our operations;

•the impact of the federal conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and related efforts, along with any changes in laws and regulations affecting the relationship between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the federal government and the Fed system;

•the possible material adverse effect on our business if the U.S. Congress passed legislation reforming or winding down Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac;

•mortgage loan modification programs and future legislative action;

•actions by the Fed which could cause a change of the yield curve, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders;

•the impact of a delay or failure of the U.S. Government in reaching an agreement on the national debt ceiling;

•availability, terms and deployment of capital;

•extended trade disputes with foreign countries;

52

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis (continued)

•changes in economic conditions generally;

•changes in interest rates, interest rate spreads and the yield curve or prepayment rates;

•general volatility of the financial markets, including markets for mortgage securities;

•a downgrade of the U.S. Government's or certain European countries' credit ratings and future downgrades of the U.S. Government's or certain European countries' credit ratings may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations;

•our inability to maintain the level of non-taxable returns of capital through the payment of dividends to our stockholders or to pay dividends to our stockholders at all;

•inflation or deflation;

•the impact of a shutdown of the U.S. Government;

•availability of suitable investment opportunities;

•the degree and nature of our competition, including competition for MBS;

•changes in our business and investment strategy;

•our failure to maintain our qualification as a REIT;

•our failure to maintain an exemption from being regulated as a commodity pool operator;

•our dependence on ACM and ability to find a suitable replacement if ACM was to terminate its management relationship with us;

•the existence of conflicts of interest in our relationship with ACM, BUCKLER, certain of our directors and our officers, which could result in decisions that are not in the best interest of our stockholders;

•the potential for Buckler's inability to access attractive repurchase financing on our behalf or secure profitable third party business;

•our management's competing duties to other affiliated entities, which could result in decisions that are not in the best interest of our stockholders;

•changes in personnel at ACM or the availability of qualified personnel at ACM;

•limitations imposed on our business by our status as a REIT under the Code;

•the potential burdens on our business of maintaining our exclusion from the 1940 Act and possible consequences of losing that exclusion;

•changes in GAAP, including interpretations thereof; and

•changes in applicable laws and regulations.

We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this report. We do not intend and disclaim any duty or obligation to update or revise any industry information or forward-looking statements set forth in this report to reflect new information, future events or otherwise, except as required under the U.S. federal securities laws.

53

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Term	Definition
Agency Securities	Securities issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae; interests in or obligations backed by pools of fixed rate, hybrid adjustable rate and adjustable rate mortgage loans.
ARMs	Adjustable Rate Mortgage backed securities.
Basis swap contracts	Derivative contracts that allow us to exchange one floating interest rate basis for another, for example, 3 month LIBOR and Fed Funds Rates, thereby allowing us to diversify our floating rate basis exposures.
Board	ARMOUR’s Board of Directors.
BUCKLER	A Delaware limited liability company, and a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer. The primary purpose of our investment in BUCKLER is to facilitate our access to repurchase financing, on potentially more attractive terms (considering rate, term, size, haircut, relationship and funding commitment) compared to other suitable repurchase financing counterparties.
CFO	Chief Financial Officer of ARMOUR, James Mountain.
CME	Chicago Mercantile Exchange
Co-CEOs	Co-Chief Executive Officers of ARMOUR, Jeffrey Zimmer and Scott Ulm.
Code	The Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
COVID-19	The Coronavirus pandemic.
CPR	Constant prepayment rate.
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	Securities backed by residential mortgages in which we may invest, which are not issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Dodd-Frank Act	The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
Exchange Act	Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Fannie Mae	The Federal National Mortgage Association.
Fed	The U.S. Federal Reserve.
FINRA	The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. A private corporation that acts as a self-regulatory organization.
Freddie Mac	The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
Futures Contracts	Eurodollar Futures Contracts
GAAP	Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Ginnie Mae	The Government National Mortgage Administration.
GSE	A U.S. Government Sponsored Entity. Obligations of agencies originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
Haircut	The weighted average margin requirement, or the percentage amount by which the collateral value must exceed the loan amount. Among other things, it is a measure of our unsecured credit risk to our lenders.
Hybrid	A mortgage that has a fixed rate for an initial term after which the rate becomes adjustable according to a specific schedule.
Interest-Only Securities	The interest portion of Agency Securities, which is separated and sold individually from the principal portion of the same payment.
ISDA	International Swaps and Derivatives Association.
JAVELIN	JAVELIN Mortgage Investment Corp., formerly a publicly-traded REIT. Since its acquisition on April 6, 2016, JAVELIN became a wholly-owned, qualified REIT subsidiary of ARMOUR and continues to be managed by ACM pursuant to the pre-existing management agreement between JAVELIN and ACM.

54

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS (continued)

LIBOR	The London Interbank Offered Rate.
MBS	Mortgage backed securities. A security representing a direct interest in a pool of mortgage loans. The pass-through issuer or servicer collects the payments on the loans in the pool and “passes through” the principal and interest to the security holders on a pro rata basis.
Merger	The merger of JMI Acquisition Corporation with and into JAVELIN on April 6, 2016.
MRA	Master repurchase agreement. A document that outlines standard terms between the Company and counterparties for repurchase agreement transactions.
Multi-Family MBS	MBS issued under Fannie Mae's Delegated Underwriting System (DUS) program.
REIT	Real Estate Investment Trust. A special purpose investment vehicle that provides investors with the ability to participate directly in the ownership or financing of real-estate related assets by pooling their capital to purchase and manage mortgage loans and/or income property.
Repurchase Program	ARMOUR's common stock repurchase program authorized by our Board.
SEC	The Securities and Exchange Commission.
SOFR	Secured overnight funding rate. A measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury Securities.
TBA Agency Securities	Forward contracts for the purchase (“long position”) or sale (“short position”) of Agency Securities at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date.
TBA Drop Income	The discount associated with TBA Agency Securities contracts which reflects the expected interest income on the underlying deliverable Agency Securities, net of an implied financing cost, which would have been earned by the buyer if the TBA Agency Securities contract had settled on the next regular settlement date instead of the forward settlement date specified. TBA Drop Income is calculated as the difference between the forward settlement price of the TBA Agency Securities contract and the spot price of similar TBA Agency Securities contracts for regular settlement. The Company generally accounts for TBA Agency Securities contracts as derivatives and TBA Drop Income is included as part of the periodic changes in fair value of the TBA Agency Securities that the Company recognizes in the Other Income (Loss) section of its Consolidated Statement of Operations.
TRS	Taxable REIT subsidiary.
U.S.	United States.
1940 Act	The Investment Company Act of 1940.

55

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

    We seek to manage our risks related to the credit-quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds and market value while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive risk adjusted returns through ownership of our capital stock. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe the risk can be quantified from historical experience and seek to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to justify taking those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.

Interest Rate Risk

Our primary market risk is interest rate risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on our assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with our liabilities, by affecting the spread between the interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in the level of interest rates also can affect the value of MBS and our ability to realize gains from the sale of these assets. A decline in the value of the MBS pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.

    A portion of our securities portfolio consists of hybrid adjustable rate and adjustable rate MBS. Hybrid mortgages are ARMs that have a fixed interest rate for an initial period of time (typically three years or greater) and then convert to an adjustable rate for the remaining loan term. ARMs are typically subject to periodic and lifetime interest rate caps that limit the amount the interest rate can change during any given period. Furthermore, some ARMs may be subject to periodic payment caps that result in some portion of the interest being deferred and added to the principal outstanding. ARMs are also typically subject to a minimum interest rate payable. Most of our adjustable rate assets are based on the one-year constant maturity treasury rate and the one-year LIBOR rate. Our fixed rate MBS have interest rates that are not variable and are constant for the entire loan term.

    Our borrowings are not subject to similar restrictions and are generally repurchase agreements of limited duration that track the Federal Funds Rate and LIBOR and are periodically refinanced at current market rates. Therefore, on average, our cost of funds may rise or fall more quickly than our earnings rate on our assets. Hence, in a period of increasing interest rates, interest rates on our borrowings could increase without limitation, while the changes in the interest rates on our mortgage related assets could be limited. These factors could lower our net interest income or cause a net loss during periods of rising interest rates, which would negatively impact our liquidity, net income and our ability to make distributions to stockholders.

We anticipate that in most cases the interest rates, interest rate indices and repricing terms of our mortgage assets and our funding sources will not be identical, thereby creating an interest rate mismatch between assets and liabilities. These indices generally move in the same direction, but there can be no assurance that this will continue to occur. Furthermore, our net income may vary somewhat as the spread between one-month interest rates, the typical term for our repurchase agreements, and the interest rates on our mortgage assets varies. During periods of changing interest rates, such interest rate mismatches could negatively impact our net interest income, dividend yield and the market price of our stock.

    Another component of interest rate risk is the effect changes in interest rates will have on the market value of our MBS. We face the risk that the market value of our MBS will increase or decrease at different rates than that of our liabilities, including our derivative instruments.

    We primarily assess our interest rate risk by estimating the effective duration of our assets and the effective duration of our liabilities and by estimating the time difference between the interest rate adjustment of our assets and the interest rate adjustment of our liabilities. Effective duration essentially measures the market price volatility of financial instruments as interest rates change. We generally estimate effective duration using various financial models and empirical data. Different models and methodologies can produce different effective duration estimates for the same securities.

56

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Market Risk Disclosures (continued)

    The sensitivity analysis tables presented below reflect the estimated impact of an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve, up and down 50 and 100 basis points, on the market value of our interest rate-sensitive investments and net interest income, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. It assumes that the mortgage spread on our MBS remains constant. Actual interest rate movements over time will likely be different, and such differences may be material. When evaluating the impact of changes in interest rates, prepayment assumptions and principal reinvestment rates are adjusted based on ACM’s expectations. Interest rates for interest rate swaps and repurchase agreements are assumed to remain positive. The analysis presented utilized assumptions, models and estimates of ACM based on ACM's judgment and experience.

	Percentage Change in Projected
Change in Interest Rates	Net Interest Income	Portfolio Including Derivatives	Shareholder's Equity
September 30, 2021
1.00%	61.59%	(0.88)%	(6.90)%
0.50%	31.73%	(0.31)%	(2.50)%
(0.50)%	(6.18)%	(0.10)%	(0.80)%
(1.00)%	(9.14)%	(0.64)%	(5.00)%
December 31, 2020
1.00%	27.41%	(1.45)%	(12.20)%
0.50%	13.19%	(0.52)%	(4.40)%
(0.50)%	1.48%	0.06%	0.50%
(1.00)%	(2.52)%	(0.30)%	(2.50)%

    While the tables above reflect the estimated immediate impact of interest rate increases and decreases on a static securities portfolio, we rebalance our securities portfolio from time to time either to seek to take advantage of or reduce the impact of changes in interest rates. It is important to note that the impact of changing interest rates on market value and net interest income can change significantly when interest rates change beyond 100 basis points from current levels. Therefore, the volatility in the market value of our assets could increase significantly when interest rates change beyond amounts shown in the tables above. In addition, other factors impact the market value of and net interest income from our interest rate-sensitive investments and derivative instruments, such as the shape of the yield curve, market expectations as to future interest rate changes and other market conditions. Accordingly, interest income would likely differ from that shown above and such difference might be material and adverse to our stockholders.

Mortgage Spread Risk

Weakness in the mortgage market may adversely affect the performance and market value of our investments. This could negatively impact our book value. Furthermore, if our lenders are unwilling or unable to provide additional financing, we could be forced to sell our MBS at an inopportune time when prices are depressed.

The table below quantifies the estimated changes in the fair value of our securities portfolio and in our shareholders' equity as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The estimated impact of changes in spreads is in addition to our interest rate sensitivity presented above. Our securities portfolio's sensitivity to mortgage spread changes will vary with changes in interest rates and in the size and composition of our securities portfolio. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from our estimates.

57

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Market Risk Disclosures (continued)

	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
	Percentage Change in Projected		Percentage Change in Projected
Change in MBS spread	Portfolio Value	Shareholders' Equity	Portfolio Value	Shareholders' Equity
+25 BPS	(1.37)%	(10.52)%	(1.18)%	(9.88)%
+10 BPS	(0.55)%	(4.21)%	(0.47)%	(3.95)%
-10 BPS	0.55%	4.21%	0.47%	3.95%
-25 BPS	1.37%	10.52%	1.18%	9.88%

Prepayment Risk

    As we receive payments of principal on our MBS, premiums paid on such securities are amortized against interest income and discounts are accreted to interest income as realized. Premiums arise when we acquire MBS at prices in excess of the principal balance of the mortgage loans underlying such MBS. Conversely, discounts arise when we acquire MBS at prices below the principal balance, adjusted for expected credit losses, of the mortgage loans underlying such MBS. Volatility in actual prepayment speeds will create volatility in the amount of premium amortization we recognize. Higher speeds will reduce our interest income and lower speeds will increase our interest income.

Credit Risk

    We have limited our exposure to credit losses on our securities portfolio of Agency Securities. The payment of principal and interest on the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae Agency Securities are guaranteed by those respective agencies and the payment of principal and interest on the Agency Securities guaranteed by Ginnie Mae are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac remain in conservatorship of the U.S. Government. There can be no assurances as to how or when the U.S. Government will end these conservatorships or how the future profitability of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and any future credit rating actions may impact the credit risk associated with Agency Securities and, therefore, the value of the Agency Securities. All of our Agency Securities are issued and guaranteed by GSEs or Ginnie Mae. The GSEs have a long term credit rating of AA+.

At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we did not own any Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities. From time to time we may purchase Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities at prices which incorporate our expectations for prepayment speeds, defaults, delinquencies and severities. These expectations determine the yields we receive on our assets. If actual prepayment speeds, defaults, delinquencies and severities are different from our expectations, our actual yields could be higher or lower. We evaluate each investment based on the characteristics of the underlying collateral and securitization structure, rather than relying on the ratings assigned by rating agencies. Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities are subject to risk of loss with regard to principal and interest payments.

Liquidity Risk

    Our primary liquidity risk arises from financing long-maturity MBS with short-term debt. The interest rates on our borrowings generally adjust more frequently than the interest rates on our ARMs. Accordingly, in a period of rising interest rates, our borrowing costs will usually increase faster than our interest earnings from MBS. Our repurchase agreements require that we maintain adequate pledged collateral. A decline in the value of the MBS pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels.

58

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Market Risk Disclosures (continued)

Operational Risk

    We rely on our financial, accounting and other data processing systems. Computer malware, viruses, computer hacking and phishing attacks have become more prevalent in our industry and may occur on our systems. Although we have not detected a material cybersecurity breach to date, other financial services institutions have reported material breaches of their systems, some of which have been significant. Even with all reasonable security efforts, not every breach can be prevented or even detected. It is possible that we have experienced an undetected breach. There is no assurance that we, or the third parties that facilitate our business activities, have not or will not experience a breach. It is difficult to determine what, if any, negative impact may directly result from any specific interruption or cyber-attacks or security breaches of our networks or systems (or the networks or systems of third parties that facilitate our business activities) or any failure to maintain performance.

    ACM has established an Information Technology Steering Committee (“the Committee”) to help mitigate technology risks including cybersecurity. One of the roles of the Committee is to oversee cyber risk assessments, monitor applicable key risk indicators, review cybersecurity training procedures, oversee the Company’s Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan and engage third parties to conduct periodic penetration testing. Our cybersecurity risk assessment includes an evaluation of cyber risk related to sensitive data held by third parties on their systems. There is no assurance that these efforts will effectively mitigate cybersecurity risk and mitigation efforts are not an assurance that no cybersecurity incidents will occur.

In addition, our Audit Committee periodically monitors and oversees our information and cybersecurity risks including reviewing and approving any information and cybersecurity policies, procedures and resources, and reviewing our information and cybersecurity risk assessment, detection, protection, and mitigation systems.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

    Our Co-Chief Executive Officers (“Co-CEOs”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) participated in an evaluation by our management of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of our fiscal quarter that ended on September 30, 2021. Based on their participation in that evaluation, our Co-CEOs and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2021 to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or furnished under the Exchange Act, is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Co-CEOs and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

    Our Co-CEOs and CFO also participated in an evaluation by our management of any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021. That evaluation did not identify any changes that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

59

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

    There have been no material changes to the legal proceedings disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10–K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on February 17, 2021.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

    There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on February 17, 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

IItem 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

60

ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Articles of Amendment to Articles of Amendment and Restatement of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc., effective August 20, 2021, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to ARMOUR's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 20, 2021).
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) (1)
31.2	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) (1)
31.3	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) (1)
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 (2)
32.2	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 (2)
32.3	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 (2)
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (1)
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (1)
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (1)
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (1)
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (1)
104	Cover Page Interactive Data (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

(1)	Filed herewith.
(2)	Furnished herewith.

61

SIGNATURES

    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

October 27, 2021	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
	/s/ James R. Mountain
	James R. Mountain
	Chief Financial Officer, Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Scott J. Ulm of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc., certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ Scott J. Ulm
			Scott J. Ulm
			Co-Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Jeffrey J. Zimmer of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc., certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ Jeffrey J. Zimmer
			Jeffrey J. Zimmer
			Co-Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.3

EXHIBIT 31.3

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, James R. Mountain of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc., certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ James R. Mountain
			James R. Mountain
			Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

Certification Pursuant To

18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Scott J. Ulm, Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ Scott J. Ulm
			Scott J. Ulm
			Co-Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

Certification Pursuant To

18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jeffrey J. Zimmer, Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ Jeffrey J. Zimmer
			Jeffrey J. Zimmer
			Co-Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.3

EXHIBIT 32.3

Certification Pursuant To

18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, James R. Mountain, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: October 27, 2021
	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
		By:	/s/ James R. Mountain
			James R. Mountain
			Chief Financial Officer

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Oct. 26, 2021
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Registrant Name	ARMOUR RESIDENTIAL REIT, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity File Number	001-34766
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-1908763
Entity Address, Address Line One	3001 Ocean Drive, Suite 201
Entity Address, City or Town	Vero Beach
Entity Address, State or Province	FL
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	32963
City Area Code	772
Local Phone Number	617-4340
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		89,689,029
Entity Central Index Key	0001428205
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Series C Preferred Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Preferred Stock, 7.00% Series C Cumulative Redeemable
Trading Symbol	ARR-PRC
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Trading Symbol	ARR
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets
Cash	$ 126,094	$ 167,671
Cash collateral posted to counterparties	30,098	3,997
Investments in securities, at fair value
Receivable for unsettled sales	82,100	0
Derivatives, at fair value	178,602	54,686
Accrued interest receivable	10,220	12,833
Prepaid and other	1,574	1,977
Subordinated loan to BUCKLER	105,000	105,000
Total Assets	4,987,888	5,524,486
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	3,450,439	4,536,065
Cash collateral posted by counterparties	154,713	44,704
Payable for unsettled purchases	210,646	0
Derivatives, at fair value	22,982	1,217
Accrued interest payable- repurchase agreements	534	1,625
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	4,882	2,571
Total Liabilities	3,844,196	4,586,182
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value. At September 30, 2021, 200,000 shares authorized and 87,709 shares issued and outstanding and at December 31, 2020, 125,000 shares authorized and 65,290 shares issued and outstanding.	87	65
Additional paid-in capital	3,334,523	3,033,025
Accumulated deficit	(2,314,879)	(2,273,822)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	123,954	179,031
Total Stockholders’ Equity	1,143,692	938,304
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	4,987,888	5,524,486
Agency Securities
Investments in securities, at fair value
Agency Securities (including pledged securities of $3,385,728 at September 30, 2021 and $4,726,584 at December 31, 2020)	4,259,294	5,178,322
U.S. Treasuries
Investments in securities, at fair value
Agency Securities (including pledged securities of $3,385,728 at September 30, 2021 and $4,726,584 at December 31, 2020)	194,906	0
7.00% Series C
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000 shares authorized; 7.00% Series C Cumulative Preferred Stock; 6,847 and 5,347 shares issued and outstanding ($171,175 and $133,675 aggregate liquidation preference) at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	$ 7	$ 5

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	125,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	87,709,000	65,290,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	87,709,000	65,290,000
U.S. Treasuries
Pledged securities	$ 194,906
Agency Securities
Pledged securities	$ 3,385,728	$ 4,726,584
7.00% Series C
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, dividend rate	7.00%	7.00%
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	6,847,000	5,347,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	6,847,000	5,347,000
Preferred stock, aggregate liquidation preference	$ 171,175	$ 133,675

XML

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Interest Income:
Agency Securities, net of amortization of premium and fees		$ 21,659,000	$ 25,188,000	$ 58,422,000	$ 128,612,000
Total Interest Income		22,035,000	25,730,000	58,830,000	147,139,000
Interest expense- repurchase agreements		(1,614,000)	(2,954,000)	(5,590,000)	(59,863,000)
Interest expense- U.S. Treasury Securities sold short		0	0	(87,000)	(32,000)
Net Interest Income		20,421,000	22,776,000	53,153,000	87,244,000
Other Income (Loss):
Realized gain on sale of available for sale Agency Securities (reclassified from Other Comprehensive Income (Loss))		3,724,000	9,468,000	11,078,000	138,802,000
Credit loss expense		0	0	0	(1,012,000)
Gain (loss) on Agency Securities, trading		(2,387,000)	12,149,000	(45,790,000)	20,060,000
Loss on short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities		0	0	(28,000)	(414,000)
Subtotal		(7,833,000)	14,984,000	(43,910,000)	(10,348,000)
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	[1]	(29,540,000)	20,866,000	(60,548,000)	(394,850,000)
Unrealized gain on derivatives		59,849,000	6,866,000	113,085,000	46,304,000
Subtotal		30,309,000	27,732,000	52,537,000	(348,546,000)
Total Other Income (Loss)		22,476,000	42,716,000	8,627,000	(358,894,000)
Expenses:
Management fees		7,899,000	7,393,000	23,055,000	22,234,000
Professional fees		581,000	559,000	1,909,000	3,058,000
Insurance		200,000	183,000	588,000	549,000
Compensation		1,676,000	1,387,000	5,027,000	4,210,000
Other		659,000	537,000	1,666,000	724,000
Total Expenses		11,015,000	10,059,000	32,245,000	30,775,000
Less management fees waived		(2,100,000)	(2,953,000)	(6,600,000)	(5,900,000)
Total Expenses after fees waived		8,915,000	7,106,000	25,645,000	24,875,000
Net Income (Loss)		33,982,000	58,386,000	36,135,000	(296,525,000)
Dividends on preferred stock		(2,995,000)	(2,320,000)	(8,477,000)	(7,467,000)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders		$ 30,987,000	$ 56,066,000	$ 27,658,000	$ (303,992,000)
Net Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders (Note 12):
Basic (in dollars per share)		$ 0.37	$ 0.87	$ 0.37	$ (4.87)
Diluted (in dollars per share)		0.36	0.86	0.36	(4.87)
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.30	$ 0.30	$ 0.90	$ 0.90
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)		84,026	64,724	75,417	62,458
Diluted (in shares)		84,927	65,272	76,318	62,458
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities
Interest Income:
Interest income, trading		$ 0	$ 518,000	$ 0	$ 17,746,000
Other Income (Loss):
Gain (loss) on securities		0	(6,633,000)	0	(189,555,000)
U.S. Treasury Securities
Interest Income:
Interest income, trading		356,000	0	356,000	469,000
Other Income (Loss):
Gain (loss) on securities		(9,170,000)	0	(9,170,000)	21,771,000
BUCKLER Subordinated loan
Interest Income:
Interest income, trading		$ 20,000	$ 24,000	$ 52,000	$ 312,000

[1] Interest expense related to our interest rate swap contracts is recorded in realized loss on derivatives on the consolidated statements of operations. For additional information, see financial statement Note 8.

XML

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net Income (Loss)	$ 33,982	$ 58,386	$ 36,135	$ (296,525)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Reclassification adjustment for realized gain on sale of available for sale Agency Securities	(3,724)	(9,468)	(11,078)	(138,802)
Reclassification adjustment for credit loss expense on available for sale Agency Securities	0	0	0	1,012
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale Agency Securities	(16,961)	13,002	(43,999)	(17,486)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	(20,685)	3,534	(55,077)	(155,276)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$ 13,297	$ 61,920	$ (18,942)	$ (451,801)

XML

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	7.00% Series C	Preferred Stock 7.00% Series C	Common Stock	Total Additional Paid-in Capital	Total Additional Paid-in Capital 7.00% Series C	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Deficit 7.00% Series C	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 1,436,707
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		$ (1,452)
Common stock dividends	(30,377)
Issuance of stock, net		129,221
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,001
Net Income	(406,659)
Other Comprehensive Loss	(130,456)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2020	786,250
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	1,436,707
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net Income	(296,525)
Other Comprehensive Loss	(155,276)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2020	892,269
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	1,436,707
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			5,347	65,290
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020	938,304		$ 5	$ 65	$ 3,033,025		$ (2,273,822)		$ 179,031
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2020	786,250
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(2,320)
Common stock dividends	(5,876)
Issuance of stock, net		(125)
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,022
Net Income	51,748
Other Comprehensive Loss	(28,354)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2020	851,231
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(2,320)
Common stock dividends	(19,590)
Issuance of stock, net		0
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,028
Net Income	58,386
Other Comprehensive Loss	3,534
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2020	892,269
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	938,304		$ 5	$ 65	3,033,025		(2,273,822)		179,031
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(2,486)
Common stock dividends	(20,057)
Issuance of stock, net		28,173
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,199
Net Income	71,327
Other Comprehensive Loss	(42,234)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2021	1,027,186
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			5,347	65,290
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	938,304		$ 5	$ 65	3,033,025		(2,273,822)		179,031
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(8,477)						$ (8,477)
Common stock dividends	(68,715)						(68,715)
Issuance of stock, net (in shares)			1,500	22,242
Issuance of stock, net	261,296	36,585	$ 2	$ 22	261,274	$ 36,583
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements (in shares)				177
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	3,641				3,641
Net Income	36,135						36,135
Other Comprehensive Loss	(55,077)								(55,077)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021			6,847	87,709
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2021	1,143,692		$ 7	$ 87	3,334,523		(2,314,879)		123,954
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021	1,027,186
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(2,996)
Common stock dividends	(23,197)
Issuance of stock, net		8,412
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,205
Net Income	(69,174)
Other Comprehensive Loss	7,842
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	1,108,542
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends		(2,995)
Common stock dividends	(25,461)
Issuance of stock, net		$ 0
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,237
Net Income	33,982
Other Comprehensive Loss	(20,685)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021			6,847	87,709
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 1,143,692		$ 7	$ 87	$ 3,334,523		$ (2,314,879)		$ 123,954

XML

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)		9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jan. 28, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Series C Preferred Stock
Preferred stock, dividend rate	7.00%	7.00%	7.00%

XML

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net Income (Loss)	$ 33,982,000	$ 71,327,000	$ 58,386,000	$ (406,659,000)	$ 36,135,000		$ (296,525,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net amortization of premium on Agency Securities					38,434,000		36,922,000
Realized gain on sale of Agency Securities, available for sale					(11,078,000)		(138,802,000)
Credit loss expense	0		0	1,012,000	0	$ 0	1,012,000
(Gain) loss on Agency Securities, trading	2,387,000		(12,149,000)		45,790,000		(20,060,000)
Loss on short sale of U.S. Treasury Securities					28,000		414,000
Stock based compensation					3,641,000		3,051,000
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accrued interest receivable					2,794,000		21,836,000
Decrease in prepaid and other assets					403,000		6,715,000
Change in derivatives, at fair value					(102,151,000)		(44,392,000)
Decrease in accrued interest payable- repurchase agreements					(1,091,000)		(30,643,000)
Increase in accounts payable and other accrued expenses					2,311,000		518,000
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities					24,384,000		(294,935,000)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of Agency Securities					(672,816,000)		(5,317,832,000)
Principal repayments of Agency Securities					690,933,000		922,148,000
Principal repayments of Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities					0		45,766,000
Proceeds from sales of Agency Securities					901,053,000		10,917,211,000
Disbursements on reverse repurchase agreements					(391,125,000)		(858,156,000)
Receipts from reverse repurchase agreements					391,125,000		858,156,000
Increase (decrease) in cash collateral posted by counterparties					110,009,000		(10,858,000)
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by investing activities					825,077,000		7,228,837,000
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses					261,296,000		48,886,000
Proceeds from repurchase agreements					23,233,849,000		62,518,438,000
Principal repayments on repurchase agreements					(24,319,475,000)		(69,362,190,000)
Common stock dividends paid					(68,715,000)		(55,843,000)
Common stock repurchased, net					0		(777,000)
Net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties used in financing activities					(864,937,000)		(6,939,440,000)
Net decrease in cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties					(15,476,000)		(5,538,000)
Cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties - beginning of period		$ 171,668,000		$ 273,166,000	171,668,000		273,166,000	$ 273,166,000
Cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties - end of period	156,192,000		267,628,000		156,192,000	$ 171,668,000	267,628,000	$ 171,668,000
Supplemental Disclosure:
Cash paid during the period for interest					13,406,000		178,719,000
Non-Cash Investing Activities:
Receivable for unsettled sales					82,100,000		0
Payable for unsettled purchases					(210,646,000)		(518,552,000)
Net unrealized loss on available for sale Agency Securities					(43,999,000)		(17,486,000)
Series B Preferred Stock
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Redemption of Series B Preferred stock, net of expenses					0		(209,583,000)
Preferred stock dividends paid					0		(1,375,000)
Series C Preferred Stock
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses					36,585,000		129,096,000
Preferred stock dividends paid					(8,477,200)		(6,092,000)
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities:
Amortization (accretion)					0		(2,849,000)
Gain (loss) on securities	0		6,633,000		0		189,555,000
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of Securities					0		(237,928,000)
Proceeds from sales of held-for-investment securities					0		889,057,000
U.S. Treasuries
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash collateral posted to counterparties provided by (used in) operating activities:
Amortization (accretion)					(2,000)		84,000
Gain (loss) on securities	$ 9,170,000		$ 0		9,170,000		(21,771,000)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of Securities					(788,919,000)		(4,621,776,000)
Proceeds from sales of held-for-investment securities					$ 584,817,000		$ 4,643,049,000

XML

Organization and Nature of Business Operations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Nature of Business Operations

Note 1 - Organization and Nature of Business Operations

    References to "we," "us," "our," or the "Company" are to ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. ("ARMOUR") and its subsidiaries. References to "ACM" are to ARMOUR Capital Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership. ARMOUR owns a 10.0% equity interest in BUCKLER Securities LLC ("BUCKLER"). BUCKLER is a Delaware limited liability company and a FINRA-regulated broker-dealer, controlled by ACM and certain executive officers of ARMOUR. Refer to the Glossary of Terms for definitions of capitalized terms and abbreviations used in this report.

    ARMOUR is an externally managed Maryland corporation incorporated in 2008. The Company is managed by ACM, an investment advisor registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), (see Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies and Note 15 - Related Party Transactions). We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Our qualification as a REIT depends on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various complex requirements under the Code relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the composition and values of our assets, our distribution levels and the concentration of ownership of our capital stock. We believe that we are organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and our manner of operations enables us to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, we will generally not be subject to federal income tax on the REIT taxable income that we currently distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, we will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates. Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we invested in mortgage backed securities ("MBS") issued or guaranteed by a United States ("U.S.") Government-sponsored entity ("GSE"), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"), or a government agency such as Government National Mortgage Administration ("Ginnie Mae") (collectively, "Agency Securities"). Our Agency Securities consist primarily of fixed rate loans. The remaining are either backed by hybrid adjustable rate or adjustable rate loans. From time to time we have also invested in Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities, Interest-Only Securities, U.S. Treasury Securities and money market instruments.

XML

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

    The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the calendar year ending December 31, 2021. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

    The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates affecting the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the valuation of MBS, including an assessment of the allowance for credit losses, and derivative instruments.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash

    Cash includes cash on deposit with financial institutions. We may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. However, management believes our cash positions are not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position and creditworthiness of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

Cash Collateral Posted To/By Counterparties

    Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties represents cash posted by us to counterparties or posted by counterparties to us as collateral. Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties may include collateral for interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts, Eurodollar Futures Contracts ("Futures Contracts"), and repurchase agreements on our MBS and our Agency Securities purchased or sold on a to-be-announced basis ("TBA Agency Securities").

Investments in Securities, at Fair Value

Our investments in securities are generally classified as either available for sale or trading securities. Management determines the appropriate classifications of the securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date.

    Available for Sale Securities represent investments that we intend to hold for extended periods of time and are reported at their estimated fair values with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as part of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

    Trading Securities are reported at their estimated fair values with gains and losses included in Other Income (Loss) as a component of the consolidated statements of operations.

Receivables and Payables for Unsettled Sales and Purchases

    We account for purchases and sales of securities on the trade date, including purchases and sales for forward settlement. Receivables and payables for unsettled trades represent the agreed trade price multiplied by the outstanding balance of the securities at the balance sheet date.

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

    Accrued interest receivable includes interest accrued between payment dates on securities and interest on unsettled sales of securities. Accrued interest payable includes interest on unsettled purchases of securities and interest on repurchase agreements. At certain times, we may have interest payable on U.S. Treasury Securities sold short.

Repurchase Agreements

We finance the acquisition of the majority of our MBS through the use of repurchase agreements. Our repurchase agreements are secured by our MBS and bear interest rates that have historically moved in close relationship to the Federal Funds Rate and short-term London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), and more recently the Secured Overnight Funding Rate ("SOFR"). Under these repurchase agreements, we sell MBS to a lender and agree to repurchase the same MBS in the future for a price that is higher than the original sales price. The difference between the sales price that we receive and the repurchase price that we pay represents interest paid to the lender, which accrues over the life of the repurchase agreement. A repurchase agreement operates as a financing arrangement under which we pledge our MBS as collateral to secure a loan which is equal in value to a specified percentage of the estimated fair value of the pledged collateral. We retain beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral. At the maturity of a repurchase agreement, we are required to repay the loan and concurrently receive back our pledged collateral from the lender or, with the consent of the lender, we may

renew such agreement at the then prevailing interest rate. The repurchase agreements may require us to pledge additional assets to the lender in the event the estimated fair value of the existing pledged collateral declines.

    In addition to the repurchase agreement financing discussed above, at certain times we have entered into reverse repurchase agreements with certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties. Under a typical reverse repurchase agreement, we purchase U.S. Treasury Securities from a borrower in exchange for cash and agree to sell the same securities in the future in exchange for a price that is higher than the original purchase price. The difference between the purchase price originally paid and the sale price represents interest received from the borrower. Reverse repurchase agreement receivables and repurchase agreement liabilities are presented net when they meet certain criteria, including being with the same counterparty, being governed by the same master repurchase agreement ("MRA"), settlement through the same brokerage or clearing account and maturing on the same day. We did not have any reverse repurchase agreements outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Derivatives, at Fair Value

    We recognize all derivatives individually as either assets or liabilities at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. All changes in the fair values of our derivatives are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. We designate derivatives as hedges for tax purposes and any unrealized derivative gains or losses would not affect our distributable net taxable income. These transactions may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts and Futures Contracts.

    We also may utilize forward contracts for the purchase or sale of TBA Agency Securities. We account for TBA Agency Securities as derivative instruments if it is reasonably possible that we will not take or make physical delivery of the Agency Security upon settlement of the contract. We account for TBA dollar roll transactions as a series of derivative transactions. We may also purchase and sell TBA Agency Securities as a means of investing in and financing Agency Securities (thereby increasing our “at risk” leverage) or as a means of disposing of or reducing our exposure to Agency Securities (thereby reducing our “at risk” leverage). We agree to purchase or sell, for future delivery, Agency Securities with certain principal and interest terms and certain types of collateral, but the particular Agency Securities to be delivered are not identified until shortly before the TBA settlement date. We may also choose, prior to settlement, to move the settlement of these securities out to a later date by entering into an offsetting short or long position (referred to as a “pair off”), net settling the paired off positions for cash, and simultaneously purchasing or selling a similar TBA Agency Security for a later settlement date. This transaction is commonly referred to as a “dollar roll.” When it is reasonably possible that we will pair off a TBA Agency Security, we account for that contract as a derivative.

Impairment of Assets

    We assess impairment of available for sale securities at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. We consider an impairment if we (1) intend to sell the available for sale securities, or (2) believe it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery (for example, because of liquidity requirements or contractual obligations) and a credit impairment exists where fair value is less than amortized cost. Impairment losses recognized establish a new cost basis for the related available for sale securities.

Revenue Recognition

    Interest income is earned and recognized on Agency Securities based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of Multi-Family MBS, which are generally not subject to prepayment, are amortized or accreted into interest income over the contractual lives of the securities using a level yield method. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of other Agency Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the actual lives of the securities, reflecting actual prepayments as they occur. Purchase and sale transactions (including TBA Agency Securities) are recorded on the trade date to the extent it is probable that we will take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities. Gains or losses

realized from sales of available for sale securities are reclassified into income from other comprehensive income and are determined using the specific identification method.

Interest income on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities and Interest-Only Securities is recognized using the effective yield method over the life of the securities based on the future cash flows expected to be received. Future cash flow projections and related effective yields are determined for each security and updated quarterly. Impairment losses establish a new cost basis in the security for purposes of calculating effective yields, recognized when the fair value of a security is less than its cost basis and there has been an adverse change in the future cash flows expected to be received. Other changes in future cash flows expected to be received are recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the security. Interest income on U.S. Treasury Securities is recognized based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    Comprehensive income (loss) refers to changes in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

XML

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Note 4 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements

    We consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. We have not identified any ASUs that we deemed to be applicable or that are expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements when adopted.

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

    Our valuation techniques for financial instruments use observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect readily obtainable data from third party sources, while unobservable inputs reflect management’s market assumptions. The Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 820, "Fair Value Measurement," classifies these inputs into the following hierarchy:

    Level 1 Inputs - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

    Level 2 Inputs - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

    Level 3 Inputs - Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. Unobservable inputs may be used in situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period). Unobservable inputs reflect management’s assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and would be based on the best information available.

    At the beginning of each quarter, we assess the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis to determine if any transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy are needed.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used for our assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. Any transfers between levels are assumed to occur at the beginning of the reporting period.

Investments in Securities:

    Fair value for our investments in securities are based on obtaining a valuation for each security from third party pricing services and/or dealer quotes. The third party pricing services use common market pricing methods that may include pricing models that may incorporate such factors as coupons, prepayment speeds, spread to the Treasury curves and interest rate swap curves, duration, periodic and life caps and credit enhancement. If the fair value of a security is not available from the third party pricing services or such data appears unreliable, we obtain pricing indications from up to three dealers who make markets in similar securities. Management reviews pricing used to ensure that current market conditions are properly reflected. This review includes, but is not limited to, comparisons of similar market transactions or alternative third party pricing services, dealer pricing indications and comparisons to a third party pricing model. Fair values obtained from the third party pricing services for similar instruments are classified as Level 2 securities if the inputs to the pricing models used are consistent with the Level 2 definition. If quoted prices for a security are not reasonably available from the third party pricing service, but dealer pricing indications are, the security will be classified as a Level 2 security. If neither is available, management will determine the fair value based on characteristics of the security that we receive from the issuer and based on available market information and classify it as a Level 3 security. U.S. Treasury Securities are classified as Level 1, as quoted unadjusted prices are available in active markets for identical assets.

Derivatives:

    The fair values of our interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions and basis swaps are valued using information provided by third party pricing services that incorporate common market pricing methods that may include current interest rate curves, forward interest rate curves and market spreads to interest rate curves and are classified as Level 2. We estimate the fair value of TBA Agency Securities based on similar methods used to value our Agency Securities and they are classified as Level 2. Management compares the pricing information received to dealer quotes to ensure that the current market conditions are properly reflected.

    The following tables provide a summary of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

September 30, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	4,259,294	$	—	$	4,259,294
U.S. Treasury Securities	$	194,906	$	—	$	—	$	194,906
Derivatives	$	—	$	178,602	$	—	$	178,602
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	22,982	$	—	$	22,982
December 31, 2020	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	5,178,322	$	—	$	5,178,322
Derivatives	$	—	$	54,686	$	—	$	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	1,217	$	—	$	1,217

    There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 or for the year ended December 31, 2020.

    Excluded from the tables above are financial instruments, including cash, cash collateral posted to/by counterparties, receivables, the Subordinated loan to BUCKLER, payables and borrowings under repurchase agreements,

which are presented in our consolidated financial statements at cost which approximates fair value. The estimated fair value of these instruments is measured using "Level 1" or "Level 2" inputs at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

XML

Investments in Securities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments in Securities

Note 6 - Investments in Securities

    As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our securities portfolio consisted of $4,454,200 and $5,178,322 of investment securities, at fair value, respectively, and $4,299,273 and $2,711,977 of TBA Agency Securities, at fair value, respectively. Our TBA Agency Securities are reported at net carrying value of $(12,446) and $19,747, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are reported in Derivatives, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets (see Note 8 - Derivatives). The net carrying value of our TBA Agency Securities represents the difference between the fair value of the underlying Agency Security in the TBA contract and the cost basis or the forward price to be paid or received for the underlying Agency Security.

    The following tables summarize our investments in securities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, excluding TBA Agency Securities (see Note 8 - Derivatives). Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we designated Agency MBS purchased as “trading securities” for financial reporting purposes, and consequently, fair value changes for these investments will be reported in net income. We anticipate continuing this designation for newly acquired Agency MBS positions because it is more representative of our results of operations insofar as the fair value changes for these securities are presented in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes of our hedging instruments. Fair value changes for the legacy Agency Securities designated as available for sale are reported in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP.

	Available for Sale Securities			Trading Securities
	Agency			Agency			Credit Risk and Non-Agency			U.S. Treasuries			Totals
September 30, 2021
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Purchases (1)	—			883,281			—			788,919			1,672,200
Proceeds from sales	(87,875)			(813,178)			—			(584,817)			(1,485,870)
Receivable for unsettled sales	(82,100)			—			—			—			(82,100)
Principal repayments	(278,662)			(412,271)			—			—			(690,933)
Losses	(43,999)			(45,790)			—			(9,198)			(98,987)
(Amortization) accretion	(12,755)			(25,679)			—			2			(38,432)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	1,465,511		$	2,793,783		$	—		$	194,906		$	4,454,200
Percentage of Portfolio	32.90		%	62.72		%	—		%	4.38		%	100.00		%
December 31, 2020
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	11,941,766		$	—		$	883,601		$	—		$	12,825,367
Purchases (1)	1,768,688			3,711,961			237,928			4,621,776			10,340,353
Proceeds from sales	(10,800,879)			(158,708)			(889,057)			(4,643,049)			(16,491,693)
Principal repayments	(873,650)			(343,514)			(45,766)			—			(1,262,930)
Gains (losses)	(32,565)			19,557			(189,555)			21,357			(181,206)
Credit loss expense	(1,012)			—			—			—			(1,012)
(Amortization) accretion	(31,446)			(21,876)			2,849			(84)			(50,557)
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Percentage of Portfolio	38.06		%	61.94		%	—		%	—		%	100.00		%

(1)Purchases include cash paid during the period, plus payable for investment securities purchased during the period as of period end.

Available for Sale Securities:

    At September 30, 2021, we evaluated our available for sale securities to determine if the available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position were impaired. As a result of this evaluation, no credit loss expense was required. We do not have an allowance for credit losses as all of our available for sale securities consist of Agency MBS.

    During the year ended December 31, 2020, we evaluated our available for sale securities to determine if the available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position were impaired. In the first quarter of 2020, we recognized an impairment of $1,012 in our consolidated statements of operations as we had determined that we may have been required to sell certain securities in the near future. No credit loss expense was required for the remainder of 2020.

    The table below presents the components of the carrying value and the unrealized gain or loss position of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Our available for sale securities had a weighted average coupon of 3.00% and 3.25% at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Agency Securities	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,098,882	$	1,125,271	$	(26)	$	113,765	$	1,239,010
Total Freddie Mac	194,139		201,847		—		10,092		211,939
Total Ginnie Mae	14,084		14,439		(9)		132		14,562
Total	$	1,307,105	$	1,341,557	$	(35)	$	123,989	$	1,465,511
December 31, 2020
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,359,136	$	1,397,206	$	(1)	$	159,603	$	1,556,808
Total Freddie Mac	354,382		368,686		—		19,246		387,932
Total Ginnie Mae	25,388		25,979		(43)		226		26,162
Total	$	1,738,906	$	1,791,871	$	(44)	$	179,075	$	1,970,902

    The following table presents the unrealized losses and estimated fair value of our available for sale securities by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. All of our available for sale securities are issued and guaranteed by GSEs or Ginnie Mae. The GSEs have a long term credit rating of AA+.

	Unrealized Loss Position For:
	< 12 Months				≥ 12 Months				Total
Agency Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2021	$	1,722	$	(4)	$	5,341	$	(31)	$	7,063	$	(35)
December 31, 2020	$	8,811	$	(44)	$	—	$	—	$	8,811	$	(44)

    Actual maturities of available for sale securities are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities because actual maturities of available for sale securities are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages, periodic payments of principal and prepayments of principal. The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Weighted Average Life of Available for Sale Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	118	$	115	$	71	$	72
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	28,770		28,225		548,352		520,657
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	381,710		363,268		282,739		269,716
≥ 5 years	1,054,913		949,949		1,139,740		1,001,426
Total Available for Sale Securities	$	1,465,511	$	1,341,557	$	1,970,902	$	1,791,871

    We use a third party model to calculate the weighted average lives of our available for sale securities. Weighted average life is calculated based on expectations for estimated prepayments for the underlying mortgage loans of our available for sale securities. These estimated prepayments are based on assumptions such as interest rates, current and future home prices, housing policy and borrower incentives. The weighted average lives of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 in the table above are based upon market factors, assumptions, models and estimates from the third party model and also incorporate management’s judgment and experience. The actual weighted average lives of our available for sale securities could be longer or shorter than estimated.

Trading Securities:

    The components of the carrying value of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are presented in the table below. We did not have any Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities or Interest-Only Securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,184,495	$	2,310,414	$	(25,528)	$	5,325	$	2,290,211
Total Freddie Mac	482,142		505,537		(4,419)		2,454		503,572
Total Agency Securities	$	2,666,637	$	2,815,951	$	(29,947)	$	7,779	$	2,793,783
U.S. Treasury Securities	200,000		200,000		(5,094)		—		194,906
Total Trading Securities	$	2,866,637	$	3,015,951	$	(35,041)	$	7,779	$	2,988,689
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,420,828	$	2,585,409	$	(1,441)	$	18,211	$	2,602,179
Total Freddie Mac	570,654		601,320		(430)		4,351		605,241
Total Trading Securities	$	2,991,482	$	3,186,729	$	(1,871)	$	22,562	$	3,207,420

The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Estimated Weighted Average Life of Trading Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	61,949		61,793		649,425		650,328
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	473,216		468,971		1,522,509		1,506,035
≥ 5 years	2,453,524		2,485,187		1,035,486		1,030,366
Total	$	2,988,689	$	3,015,951	$	3,207,420	$	3,186,729

    We use a third party model to calculate the weighted average lives of our trading securities. Weighted average life is calculated based on expectations for estimated prepayments for the underlying mortgage loans of our trading securities. These estimated prepayments are based on assumptions such as interest rates, current and future home prices, housing policy and borrower incentives. The weighted average lives of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December

31, 2020 in the tables above are based upon market factors, assumptions, models and estimates from the third party model and also incorporate management’s judgment and experience. The actual weighted average lives of our trading securities could be longer or shorter than estimated.

XML

Repurchase Agreements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Disclosure of Repurchase Agreements [Abstract]

Repurchase Agreements

Note 7 - Repurchase Agreements

    At September 30, 2021, we had active MRAs with 34 counterparties and had $3,450,439 in outstanding borrowings with 18 of those counterparties. At December 31, 2020, we had $4,536,065 in outstanding borrowings with 18 counterparties.

    The following table represents the contractual repricing regarding our repurchase agreements to finance MBS purchases at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. No amounts below are subject to offsetting. Our repurchase agreements require excess collateral, known as a “haircut.” At September 30, 2021, the average haircut percentage was 3.44% compared to 3.13% at December 31, 2020. The haircut for our repurchase agreements vary by counterparty and therefore, the changes in the average haircut percentage will vary with the changes in our counterparty repurchase agreement balances.

	Balance		Weighted Average Contractual Rate		Weighted Average Maturity in days
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	2,556,476	0.13	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 90 days	109,082		0.11	%	49
> 90 days	584,881		0.11	%	182
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,250,439	0.13	%	46
U.S. Treasury Securities
≤ 30 days	200,000		0.14	%	1
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,450,439	0.11	%	43
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	3,618,255	0.23	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 60 days	917,810		0.23	%	45
Total or Weighted Average	$	4,536,065	0.23	%	21

    Our repurchase agreements require that we maintain adequate pledged collateral. A decline in the value of the MBS pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels. We manage this risk by maintaining an adequate balance of available cash and unpledged securities. An event of default or termination event under the standard MRA would give our counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with us and require any amount due to be payable immediately. In addition, certain of our MRAs contain a restriction that prohibits our leverage from exceeding twelve times our stockholders’ equity as well as termination events in the case of significant reductions in equity capital. We also may receive cash or securities as collateral from our derivative counterparties which we may use as additional collateral for repurchase agreements. Certain interest rate swap contracts provide for cross collateralization and cross default with repurchase agreements and other contracts with the same counterparty.

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, BUCKLER accounted for 47.6% and 66.1%, respectively, of our aggregate borrowings and had an amount at risk of 3.9% and 8.3%, respectively, of our total stockholders' equity with a

weighted average maturity of 65 days and 21 days, respectively, on repurchase agreements (see Note 15 - Related Party Transactions).

    In addition, at September 30, 2021, we had 2 repurchase agreement counterparties that individually accounted for over 5% of our aggregate borrowings. In total, these counterparties accounted for approximately 18.7% of our repurchase agreement borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2021. At December 31, 2020, we had 1 repurchase agreement counterparty that individually accounted for over 5% of our aggregate borrowings. In total, this counterparty accounted for 9.0% of our repurchase agreement borrowings at December 31, 2020.

XML

Derivatives

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives

Note 8 - Derivatives

    We enter into derivative transactions to manage our interest rate risk and agency mortgage rate exposures. We have agreements with our derivative counterparties that provide for the posting of collateral based on the fair values of our derivatives. Through this margin process, either we or our counterparties may be required to pledge cash or securities as collateral. Collateral requirements vary by counterparty and change over time based on the fair value, notional amount and remaining term of the contracts. Certain contracts provide for cross collateralization and cross default with repurchase agreements and other contracts with the same counterparty.

    Interest rate swap contracts are designed to lock in funding costs for repurchase agreements associated with our assets in such a way to help assure the realization of net interest margins. Such transactions are based on assumptions about prepayments which, if not realized, will cause transaction results to differ from expectations. Interest rate swaptions generally provide us the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement at a certain point of time in the future with a predetermined notional amount, stated term and stated rate of interest in the fixed leg and interest rate index on the floating leg. Basis swap contracts allow us to exchange one floating interest rate basis for another, thereby allowing us to diversify our floating rate basis exposures.

Our Futures Contracts are traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ("CME") which requires the use of daily mark-to-market collateral and the CME provides substantial credit support. The collateral requirements of the CME require us to pledge assets under a bi-lateral margin arrangement, including either cash or Agency Securities and these requirements may vary and change over time based on the market value, notional amount and remaining term of the Futures Contracts. In the event we are unable to meet a margin call under one of our Futures Contracts, the counterparty to such agreement may have the option to terminate or close-out all of the outstanding Futures Contracts with us. In addition, any close-out amount due to the counterparty upon termination of the counterparty’s transactions would be immediately payable by us pursuant to the applicable agreement.

    TBA Agency Securities are forward contracts for the purchase (“long position”) or sale (“short position”) of Agency Securities at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date. The specific Agency Securities delivered into the contract upon the settlement date, published each month by the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, are not known at the time of the transaction. We may enter into TBA Agency Securities as a means of hedging against short-term changes in interest rates. We may also enter into TBA Agency Securities as a means of acquiring or disposing of Agency Securities and we may from time to time utilize TBA dollar roll transactions to finance Agency Security purchases. We estimate the fair value of TBA Agency Securities based on similar methods used to value our Agency Securities.

    We have netting arrangements in place with all derivative counterparties pursuant to standard documentation developed by ISDA. We are also required to post or hold cash collateral based upon the net underlying market value of our open positions with the counterparty. A decline in the value of the open positions with the counterparty could result in the counterparties demanding additional collateral pledges or liquidation of some of the existing collateral to reduce borrowing levels. We manage this risk by maintaining an adequate balance of available cash and unpledged securities. An event of default or termination event under the standard ISDA would give our counterparty the option to terminate all repurchase transactions existing with us and require any amount due to be payable immediately. In addition, certain of our ISDAs contain a restriction that prohibits our leverage from exceeding twelve times our stockholders’ equity as well as termination events in the case of significant reductions in equity capital.

    The following tables present information about the potential effects of netting our derivatives if we were to offset the assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We currently present these financial instruments at their gross amounts and they are included in Derivatives, at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Assets	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	172,592	$	(4,526)	$	(147,138)	$	20,928
Futures Contracts	—		—		12		12
TBA Agency Securities	6,010		(18,456)		19,075		6,629
Totals	$	178,602	$	(22,982)	$	(128,051)	$	27,569
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	34,588	$	(866)	$	(27,773)	$	5,949
TBA Agency Securities	20,098		(351)		(13,942)		5,805
Totals	$	54,686	$	(1,217)	$	(41,715)	$	11,754

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Liabilities	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(4,526)	$	4,526	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(18,456)		18,456		—		—
Totals	$	(22,982)	$	22,982	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(866)	$	866	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(351)		351		—		—
Totals	$	(1,217)	$	1,217	$	—	$	—

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

    The following table represents the location and information regarding our derivatives which are included in Other Income (Loss) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

		Income (Loss) Recognized
		For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives	Location on consolidated statements of operations	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swap contracts:
Realized loss	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	$	(58,637)	$	—	$	(58,637)	$	(461,374)
Interest income	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	1,250		1,136		3,007		28,937
Interest expense	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	(8,325)		(2,603)		(21,507)		(43,172)
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	89,726		13,478		143,872		43,030
		$	24,014	$	12,011	$	66,735	$	(432,579)
Futures Contracts:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	2		—		2		—
		$	2	$	—	$	2	$	—
TBA Agency Securities:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	36,170		22,333		16,587		80,759
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	(29,877)		(6,612)		(30,787)		3,274
		$	6,293	$	15,721	$	(14,200)	$	84,033
Totals		$	30,309	$	27,732	$	52,537	$	(348,546)

    The following tables present information about our derivatives at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts (1)	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	Weighted Average Rate
September 30, 2021
< 3 years	$	1,307,000	13	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	412,000		41	0.16	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	889,000		63	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	4,202,000		110	0.87	%
Total or Weighted Average (2)	$	6,810,000	81	0.59	%
December 31, 2020
< 3 years	$	2,230,000	12	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	463,000		45	0.14	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	942,000		72	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	1,702,000		113	0.50	%
Total or Weighted Average (3)	$	5,337,000	58	0.24	%

(1)Pay Fixed/Receive Variable.

(2)Of this amount, $5,607,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2032 and $1,203,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023. Includes $850,000 notional of forward settling swap contracts that settle by September 23, 2022.

(3)Of this amount, $2,230,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023; and $3,107,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2030.

TBA Agency Securities	Notional Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	700,000	$	707,348	$	705,215
2.0%	1,700,000		1,753,652		1,746,736
30 Year Long
2.0%	300,000		303,320		300,609
2.5%	1,200,000		1,239,016		1,233,157
3.5%	300,000		313,543		313,556
Total (1)	$	4,200,000	$	4,316,879	$	4,299,273
December 31, 2020
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	200,000	$	204,758	$	205,781
2.0%	1,200,000		1,248,015		1,253,354
30 Year Long
2.0%	600,000		619,031		622,934
2.5%	800,000		838,047		841,314
3.5%	(200,000)		(211,055)		(211,406)
Total (1)	$	2,600,000	$	2,698,796	$	2,711,977

(1)$2,250,000 and $1,250,000 notional were forward settling at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

XML

Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies

Management

     The Company is managed by ACM, pursuant to a management agreement (see also Note 15 - Related Party Transactions). The management agreement entitles ACM to receive management fees payable monthly in arrears. Currently, the monthly management fee is 1/12th of the sum of (a) 1.5% of gross equity raised up to $1.0 billion plus (b) 0.75% of gross equity raised in excess of $1.0 billion. The cost of repurchased stock and any dividend representing a return of capital for tax purposes will reduce the amount of gross equity raised used to calculate the monthly management fee. At September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, the effective management fee, prior to management fees waived, was 0.98% and 1.01% based on gross equity raised of $3,245,650 and $2,937,354, respectively. ACM began waiving 40% of its management fee during the second quarter of 2020 and on January 13, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,400 for the first quarter of 2021 and $800 per month thereafter. On April 20, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,100 for the second quarter of 2021 and $700 per month thereafter. On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until further notice (see Note 16 - Subsequent Events). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ACM waived management fees of $2,100 and $6,600, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, ACM waived management fees of $2,953 and $5,900. The monthly management fees are not calculated based on the performance of our assets. Accordingly, the payment of our monthly management fees may not decline in the event of a decline in our earnings and may cause us to incur losses. We are also responsible for any costs and expenses that ACM incurs solely on our behalf other than the various overhead expenses specified in the terms of the management agreement. ACM is further entitled to receive termination fees from us under certain circumstances.

Indemnifications and Litigation

    We enter into certain contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications, principally with ACM and underwriters, against third party claims for errors and omissions in connection with their services to us. We have not incurred any costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the estimated fair value of these agreements, as well as the maximum amount attributable to past events, is not material. Accordingly, we have no liabilities recorded for these agreements at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

    Nine putative class action lawsuits have been filed in connection with the tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) and merger (the “Merger”) for JAVELIN. The Tender Offer and Merger are collectively defined herein as the “Transactions.” All nine suits name ARMOUR, the previous members of JAVELIN’s board of directors prior to the Merger (of which eight are current members of ARMOUR’s board of directors) (the “Individual Defendants”) and JMI Acquisition Corporation (“Acquisition”) as defendants. Certain cases also name ACM and JAVELIN as additional defendants. The lawsuits were brought by purported holders of JAVELIN’s common stock, both individually and on behalf of a putative class of JAVELIN’s stockholders, alleging that the Individual Defendants breached their fiduciary duties owed to the plaintiffs and the putative class of JAVELIN stockholders, including claims that the Individual Defendants failed to properly value JAVELIN; failed to take steps to maximize the value of JAVELIN to its stockholders; ignored or failed to protect against conflicts of interest; failed to disclose material information about the Transactions; took steps to avoid competitive bidding and to give ARMOUR an unfair advantage by failing to adequately solicit other potential acquirors or alternative transactions; and erected unreasonable barriers to other third-party bidders. The suits also allege that ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM and Acquisition aided and abetted the alleged breaches of fiduciary duties by the Individual Defendants. The lawsuits seek equitable relief, including, among other relief, to enjoin consummation of the Transactions, or rescind or unwind the Transactions if already consummated, and award costs and disbursements, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses. The sole Florida lawsuit was never served on the defendants, and that case was voluntarily dismissed and closed on January 20, 2017. On April 25, 2016, the Maryland court issued an order consolidating the eight Maryland cases into one action, captioned In re JAVELIN Mortgage Investment Corp. Shareholder Litigation (Case No. 24-C-16-001542), and designated counsel for one of the Maryland cases as interim lead co-counsel. On May 26, 2016, interim lead counsel filed the Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint for Breach of Fiduciary Duty asserting consolidated claims of breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting the breaches of fiduciary duty, and waste. On June 27, 2016, defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated

Amended Class Action Complaint for failing to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. A hearing was held on the Motion to Dismiss on March 3, 2017, and the Court reserved ruling. On September 27, 2019, the court further deferred the matter for six months. On June 15, 2020, co-counsel for the plaintiff filed a notice of supplemental authority requesting to move the matter forward. On August 19, 2020, a Notification To Parties of Contemplated Dismissal was sent out by the Clerk of the Circuit Court to all parties. Counsel for the plaintiff responded on August 24, 2020, with a Motion to Defer Dismissal, and the court deferred dismissal until May 10, 2021. A Motion to Defer Dismissal Further was not filed; however, on August 16, 2021, the court ordered that (i) entry of an Order of Dismissal is further deferred until February 1, 2022 and (ii) if the case is not fully disposed of by that date, the clerk shall enter on the docket "dismissed for lack of prosecution without prejudice." No further action has been taken by the court.

Each of ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM and the Individual Defendants intends to defend the claims made in these lawsuits vigorously; however, there can be no assurance that any of ARMOUR, JAVELIN, ACM or the Individual Defendants will prevail in its defense of any of these lawsuits to which it is a party. An unfavorable resolution of any such litigation surrounding the Transactions may result in monetary damages being awarded to the plaintiffs and the putative class of former stockholders of JAVELIN and the cost of defending the litigation, even if resolved favorably, could be substantial. Due to the preliminary nature of all of these suits, ARMOUR is not able at this time to estimate their outcome.

XML

Stock Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Based Compensation

Note 10 - Stock Based Compensation

    We adopted the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), to attract, retain and reward directors and other persons who provide services to us in the course of operations. The Plan authorizes the Board to grant awards including common stock, restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), stock options, performance shares, performance units, stock appreciation rights and other equity and cash-based awards (collectively, “Awards”), subject to terms as provided in the Plan. On May 13, 2021, at the Company’s 2021 annual meeting of stockholders, the Plan was amended to increase the aggregate number of shares available for issuance by 2,125 shares of common stock from 1,875 shares to 4,000 shares. At September 30, 2021, there were 2,167 shares available for future issuance under the Plan.

    Transactions related to awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are summarized below:

	September 30, 2021
	Number of Awards	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding beginning of period	496	$	19.77
Granted (1)	635	$	11.08
Vested	(230)	$	17.10
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding end of period	901	$	14.33

(1)During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 535 RSUs were granted to certain officers of ARMOUR through ACM and 100 RSUs were granted to the Board.

At September 30, 2021, there was approximately $12,911 of unvested stock based compensation related to the Awards (based on a weighted average grant date price of $14.33 per share), which we expect to recognize as an expense over the remaining average service period of 2.8 years. Our policy is to account for forfeitures as they occur. We also pay each of our non-executive Board members quarterly fees of $33, which are payable in cash, common stock, RSUs or a combination of common stock, RSUs and cash at the option of the director. Non-executive Board members have the option to participate in the Company's Non-Management Director Compensation and Deferral Program (the "Deferral Program"). The Deferral Program permits non-executive Board members to elect to receive either common stock or RSUs or a combination of common stock and RSUs at the option of the director, instead of all or part of their quarterly cash compensation and/or all or part of their committee and chairperson cash retainers.

XML

Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity

Changes in Stockholders' Equity    

    The following table presents the changes in Stockholders' Equity for the following interim periods.

Stockholders' Equity	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2021		September 30, 2021		March 31, 2020		June 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of quarter	$	938,304	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,436,707	$	786,250	$	851,231
Series B Preferred dividends ($0.1640625 per share)	—		—		—		(1,375)		—		—
Series C Preferred dividends ($0.14583 per share)	(2,486)		(2,996)		(2,995)		(1,452)		(2,320)		(2,320)
Common stock dividends (1)	(20,057)		(23,197)		(25,461)		(30,377)		(5,876)		(19,590)
Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption	—		—		—		(209,583)		—		—
Issuance of Series C Preferred Stock	28,173		8,412		—		129,221		(125)		—
Issuance of Common stock, net	52,960		159,264		49,072		—		48,886		—
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,199		1,205		1,237		1,001		1,022		1,028
Common Stock repurchased, net	—		—		—		(777)		—		—
Net income (loss)	71,327		(69,174)		33,982		(406,659)		51,748		58,386
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(42,234)		7,842		(20,685)		(130,456)		(28,354)		3,534
Balance, end of quarter	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,143,692	$	786,250	$	851,231	$	892,269

(1)    See the below table for common stock dividends per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Common stock dividends were $0.17 per share each month for January, February and March 2020. No common stock dividends were paid in April and May 2020, $0.09 per share was paid in June 2020 and for each month from July through September 2020 common stock dividends paid were $0.10 per share.

Preferred Stock

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we were authorized to issue up to 50,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board of Directors (“Board”) or a committee thereof. On January 28, 2020, we filed Articles Supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of the State of Maryland to designate 10,000 shares of the Company’s authorized preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, as shares of 7.00% Series C Preferred Stock with the powers, designations, preferences and other rights as set forth therein. At September 30, 2021, a total of 31,617 shares of our authorized preferred stock remain available for designation as future series.

Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock "Series C Preferred Stock"

At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had 6,847 and 5,347 shares, respectively, of Series C Preferred Stock issued and outstanding with a par value of $0.001 per share and a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, or $171,175 and $133,675 in the aggregate. Shares designated as Series C Preferred Stock but unissued totaled 3,153 and 4,653 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no accrued or unpaid dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock.

    On January 29, 2020, the Company entered into an Equity Sales Agreement (the “Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (formerly B. Riley FBR, Inc.) and BUCKLER, as sales agents (individually and

collectively, the “Agents"), and ACM, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, over a period of time and from time to time, through one or more of the Agents, as the Company’s agents, up to 6,550 of Series C Preferred Stock. The Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement relates to a proposed “at-the-market” offering program. Under the Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement, we will pay the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent under the Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we sold 1,500 shares under Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement for proceeds of $36,585, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $445.

Common Stock

    On August 20, 2021 we filed Articles of Amendment with the state of Maryland to increase the number of authorized common stock from 125,000 to 200,000 shares. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we were authorized to issue up to 200,000 and 125,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our Board. We had 87,709 shares of common stock issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and 65,290 shares of common stock issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020.

    On February 15, 2019, we entered into an Equity Sales Agreement (the “Common stock ATM Sales Agreement”) with BUCKLER, JMP Securities LLC and Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., as sales agents, relating to the shares of our common stock. On April 3, 2020, the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement was amended to add B. Riley Securities, Inc. (formerly B. Riley FBR, Inc.) as a sales agent. On May 4, 2020 the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement was further amended to increase the number of shares available for sale pursuant to the terms of the Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement. In accordance with the terms of the Common Stock ATM Sales agreement, as amended, we may offer and sell over a period of time and from time to time, up to 17,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The Common stock ATM Sales Agreement relates to an "at-the-market" offering program. Under the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, as amended, we paid the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent. Prior to exhausting the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, as amended, on May 18, 2021, we sold 10,713 shares for proceeds of $129,336, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $1,682.

After exhausting the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, we entered into a new Equity Sales Agreement (the “2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement”) on May 14, 2021, with BUCKLER, JMP Securities LLC, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and B. Riley Securities, Inc., as sales agents, relating to the shares of our common stock. In accordance with the terms of the 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales agreement, we may offer and sell over a period of time and from time to time, up to 17,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement relates to an "at-the-market" offering program. Under the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement, we will pay the agent designated to sell our shares an aggregate commission of up to 2.0% of the gross sales price per share of our common stock sold through the designated agent, under the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement. We have sold 11,529 shares under this agreement for proceeds of $131,960, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $1,473.

    See Note 15 - Related Party Transactions for discussion of additional transactions with BUCKLER.

    Common Stock Repurchased

    At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 8,210 authorized shares remaining under the current repurchase authorization. Under the Repurchase Program, shares may be purchased in the open market, including block trades, through privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to a trading plan separately adopted in the future. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be at our discretion, subject to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and related rules. We are not required to repurchase any shares under the Repurchase Program and it may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time for any reason. We do not intend to purchase shares from our Board or other affiliates. Under Maryland law, such repurchased shares are treated as authorized but unissued.

Equity Capital Raising Activities

    The following tables present our equity transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transaction Type	Completion Date	Number of Shares	Per Share price (1)		Net Proceeds (Costs)
September 30, 2021
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 19, 2021 - April 9, 2021	1,500	$	24.38	$	36,585
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	March 3, 2021 - May 18, 2021	10,713	$	12.07	$	129,336
2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	May 19, 2021 - September 28, 2021	11,529	$	11.45	$	131,960
December 31, 2020
Preferred C Underwritten Offering	January 28, 2020	3,450	$	24.14	$	83,282
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 30, 2020 - December 23, 2020	1,897	$	24.70	$	46,856
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	April 7, 2020 - December 15, 2020	6,287	$	8.68	$	54,575
Common stock repurchases, net	February 26, 2020 - March 3, 2020	(40)	$	19.42	$	(777)

(1)Weighted average price

Dividends

    The following table presents our Series C Preferred Stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per Series C Preferred Share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	779.7
February 15, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.14583	$	836.9
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.14583	$	869.6
April 15, 2021	April 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
May 15, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
June 15, 2021	June 28, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
July 15, 2021	July 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
August 15, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
September 15, 2021	September 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
Total dividends paid				$	8,477.2

    The following table presents our common stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per common share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 28, 2021	$	0.10	$	6,646
February 16, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.10	6,645
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.10	6,766
April 15, 2021	April 29, 2021	$	0.10	7,234
May 17, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.10	7,646
June 15, 2021	June 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,317
July 15, 2021	July 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
August 16, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
September 15, 2021	September 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,635
Total dividends paid				$	68,715

XML

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

Note 12 - Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	30,987	$	56,066	$	27,658	$	(303,992)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		901		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	84,927		65,272		76,318		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 548 of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

Note 13 - Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of comprehensive net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted comprehensive income (loss) per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	13,297	$	61,920	$	(18,942)	$	(451,801)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	10,302	$	59,600	$	(27,419)	$	(459,268)
Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders:
Basic	$	0.12	$	0.92	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Diluted	$	0.12	$	0.91	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		—		—
Diluted	84,927		65,272		75,417		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, 901 and 548, respectively, of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

XML

Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share

Note 12 - Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	30,987	$	56,066	$	27,658	$	(303,992)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		901		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	84,927		65,272		76,318		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 548 of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

Note 13 - Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share

    The following table presents a reconciliation of comprehensive net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted comprehensive income (loss) per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	13,297	$	61,920	$	(18,942)	$	(451,801)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	10,302	$	59,600	$	(27,419)	$	(459,268)
Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders:
Basic	$	0.12	$	0.92	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Diluted	$	0.12	$	0.91	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		—		—
Diluted	84,927		65,272		75,417		62,458

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, 901 and 548, respectively, of potentially dilutive non-vested awards outstanding were excluded from the computation of diluted Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders because to have included them would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

XML

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 14 - Income Taxes

    The following table reconciles our GAAP net income (loss) to estimated REIT taxable loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
GAAP net income (loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Book to tax differences:
TRS (income) loss	23		145		(43)		76
Premium amortization expense	(41)		(103)		(117)		(183)
Agency Securities, trading	2,387		(12,149)		45,790		(20,060)
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		6,510		—		188,075
U.S. Treasury Securities	9,170		—		9,198		(21,357)
Changes in interest rate contracts	(37,384)		(29,199)		(71,037)		334,312
Credit loss expense	—		—		—		1,012
Gain on Security Sales	(3,724)		(9,468)		(11,078)		(138,802)
Amortization of deferred hedging costs	(40,664)		(45,458)		(122,529)		(106,618)
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock dividend - Called for redemption	—		—		—		1,375
Other	531		561		1,368		1,032
Estimated REIT taxable loss	$	(35,720)	$	(30,775)	$	(112,313)	$	(57,663)

    Interest rate contracts are treated as hedging transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Unrealized gains and losses on open interest rate contracts are not included in the determination of REIT taxable income. Realized gains and losses on interest rate contracts terminated before their maturity are deferred and amortized over the remainder of the original term of the contract for REIT taxable income. At September 30, 2021 and at December 31, 2020, we had approximately $648,000 and $717,000, respectively, in interest rate swap expense amortizing through the year 2031. At September 30, 2021, we had $91,961 of net operating loss carryforwards available for use indefinitely.

Net capital losses realized	Amount		Available to offset capital gains through
2018	$	(136,388)	2023
2019	$	(13,819)	2024

The Company's subsidiary, ARMOUR TRS, Inc., has made an election as a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”). As such, the TRS is taxable as a domestic C corporation and subject to federal, state, and local income taxes based upon its taxable income.

    The aggregate tax basis of our assets and liabilities was less than our total Stockholders’ Equity at September 30, 2021 by approximately $236,674, or approximately $2.70 per common share (based on the 87,709 common shares then outstanding).

    We are required and intend to timely distribute substantially all of our REIT taxable income in order to maintain our REIT status under the Code. Total dividend payments to stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 were $28,456 and $77,192 and $21,910 and $63,310, respectively, (including the final dividend on the Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption, paid on February 27, 2020). Our REIT taxable income and dividend requirements to maintain our REIT status are determined on an annual basis. Dividends paid in excess of current tax earnings and profits for the year will generally not be taxable to common stockholders.

    Our management is responsible for determining whether tax positions taken by us are more likely than not to be sustained on their merits. We have no material unrecognized tax benefits or material uncertain tax positions.

XML

Related Party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

Note 15 - Related Party Transactions

ACM    

    The Company is managed by ACM, pursuant to a management agreement. All of our executive officers are also employees of ACM. ACM manages our day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Board. The management agreement runs through June 18, 2027 and is thereafter automatically renewed for an additional five-year term unless terminated under certain circumstances.

    Under the terms of the management agreement, ACM is responsible for costs incident to the performance of its duties, such as compensation of its employees and various overhead expenses. ACM is responsible for the following primary roles:

•Advising us with respect to, arranging for and managing the acquisition, financing, management and disposition of, elements of our investment portfolio;

•Evaluating the duration risk and prepayment risk within the investment portfolio and arranging borrowing and hedging strategies;

•Coordinating capital raising activities;

•Advising us on the formulation and implementation of operating strategies and policies, arranging for the acquisition of assets, monitoring the performance of those assets and providing administrative and managerial services in connection with our day-to-day operations; and

•Providing executive and administrative personnel, office space and other appropriate services required in rendering management services to us.

ACM began waiving 40% of its management fee during the second quarter of 2020 and on January 13, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,400 for the first quarter of 2021 and $800 per month thereafter. On April 20, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver to the rate of $2,100 for the second quarter of 2021 and $700 per month thereafter. On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until further notice (see Note 16 - Subsequent Events).

The following table reconciles the fees incurred in accordance with the management agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Management fees	$	7,886	$	7,383	$	23,024	$	22,195
Less management fees waived	(2,100)		(2,953)		(6,600)		(5,900)
Total net management fee expense	$	5,786	$	4,430	$	16,424	$	16,295

    We are required to take actions as may be reasonably required to permit and enable ACM to carry out its duties and obligations. We are also responsible for any costs and expenses that ACM incurred solely on our behalf other than the various overhead expenses specified in the terms of the management agreement. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, we reimbursed ACM $92 and $130 and $2 and $150 for other expenses incurred on our behalf. In 2013, 2017, 2020 and January 2021, we elected to grant restricted stock unit awards to our executive officers and other ACM employees through ACM that generally vest over 5 years. In 2017, 2020 and January 2021,

we elected to grant RSUs to the Board. We recognized stock based compensation expense of $176 and $584 and $118 and $402 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

BUCKLER

    In March 2017, we contributed $352 for a 10% ownership interest in BUCKLER. The investment is included in prepaid and other assets in our consolidated balance sheet and is accounted for using the equity method as BUCKLER maintains specific ownership accounts. The value of the investment was $687 at September 30, 2021 and $634 at December 31, 2020, reflecting our total investment plus our share of BUCKLER’s operating results, in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement of BUCKLER that our independent directors negotiated. The primary purpose of our investment in BUCKLER is to facilitate our access to repurchase financing on potentially attractive terms (considering rate, term, size, haircut, relationship and funding commitment) compared to other suitable repurchase financing counterparties.

    Our operating agreement with BUCKLER contains certain provisions to benefit and protect the Company, including (1) sharing in any (a) defined profits realized by BUCKLER from the anticipated financing spreads resulting from repurchase financing facilitated by BUCKLER, and (b) distributions from BUCKLER to its members of net cash receipts, and (2) the realization of anticipated savings from reduced clearing, brokerage, trading and administrative fees. In addition, the independent directors of the Company must approve, in their sole discretion, any third-party business engaged by BUCKLER and may cause BUCKLER to wind up and dissolve and promptly return certain subordinated loans we provide to BUCKLER as regulatory capital (as described more fully below) if the independent directors reasonably determine that BUCKLER’s ability to provide attractive securities transactions for the Company is materially adversely affected. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we earned $117 and $1,382, respectively, from BUCKLER as an allocated share of Financing Gross Profit for a reduction of interest on repurchase agreements charged to the Company. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we did not receive any allocated share of Financing Gross Profit. Financing Gross Profit is defined in the operating agreement, subject to a contractually required reduction in our share of the Financing Gross Profit of $306 per annum until the end of the first quarter of 2022.

    We have one subordinated loan agreement with BUCKLER, totaling $105.0 million and maturing on May 1, 2025. BUCKLER may, at its option after obtaining regulatory approval, repay all or a portion of the principal amount of the loan. The loan has a stated interest rate of zero, plus additional interest payable to the Company in an amount equal to the amount of interest earned by BUCKLER on the investment of the loan proceeds, generally in government securities funds. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, the Company earned $20 and $52 and $25 and $312, respectively, of interest on this loan.

With BUCKLER as the sales agent, under the Common stock ATM Sales Agreement and the 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement (see also Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity), we sold 4,818 and 10,529 common shares for proceeds of $58,374 and $120,411, net of issuance costs and commissions of approximately $702 and $1,213, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

    The table below summarizes other transactions with BUCKLER for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transactions with BUCKLER	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Repurchase agreements (1)	$	1,642,069	$	2,998,111
Collateral posted on repurchase agreements	$	1,707,223	$	3,117,929
U.S. Treasury Securities Purchased	$	100,000	$	—

(1)Interest on repurchase agreements was $774 and $2,938 and $1,424 and $36,821 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively. See also, Note 7 - Repurchase Agreements for transactions with BUCKLER.

XML

Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Note 16 - Subsequent Events

ACM Management Agreement

On October 25, 2021, ACM notified ARMOUR that it intended to adjust the fee waiver from the rate of $700 per month to $650 per month, effective November 1, 2021, until ACM provides further notice to ARMOUR. ACM may terminate this waiver for any month by providing notice to ARMOUR on or before the 25th day of the preceding month. This waiver does not constitute a waiver of any other amounts due to ACM from ARMOUR under the management agreement between ARMOUR and ACM or otherwise, including but not limited to any expense reimbursements, any amounts calculated by reference to the contractual Base Management Fee (as defined in such management agreement), or any awards under the Second Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Incentive Plan.

Series C Preferred Stock

    A cash dividend of $0.14583 per outstanding share of Series C Preferred Stock, or $998 in the aggregate, will be paid on October 27, 2021 to holders of record on October 15, 2021. We have also declared cash dividends of $0.14583 per outstanding share of Series C Preferred Stock payable November 29, 2021 to holders of record on November 15, 2021 and payable December 27, 2021 to holders of record on December 15, 2021.

Common Stock

    A cash dividend of $0.10 per outstanding common share, or $9,065 in the aggregate, will be paid on October 28, 2021 to holders of record on October 15, 2021. We have also declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per outstanding common share payable November 15, 2021 to holders of record on November 29, 2021.

Between October 1, 2021 and October 13, 2021, we issued 1,980 shares under our 2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement for proceeds of $21,543 net of issuance costs and commissions of $218.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC. Accordingly, the condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the calendar year ending December 31, 2021. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Consolidation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates affecting the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the valuation of MBS, including an assessment of the allowance for credit losses, and derivative instruments.

Cash

Cash

    Cash includes cash on deposit with financial institutions. We may maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. However, management believes our cash positions are not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position and creditworthiness of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

Cash Collateral Posted To/By Counterparties

Cash Collateral Posted To/By Counterparties

    Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties represents cash posted by us to counterparties or posted by counterparties to us as collateral. Cash collateral posted to/by counterparties may include collateral for interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts, Eurodollar Futures Contracts ("Futures Contracts"), and repurchase agreements on our MBS and our Agency Securities purchased or sold on a to-be-announced basis ("TBA Agency Securities").

Investments in Securities, at Fair Value

Investments in Securities, at Fair Value

Our investments in securities are generally classified as either available for sale or trading securities. Management determines the appropriate classifications of the securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date.

    Available for Sale Securities represent investments that we intend to hold for extended periods of time and are reported at their estimated fair values with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as part of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

    Trading Securities are reported at their estimated fair values with gains and losses included in Other Income (Loss) as a component of the consolidated statements of operations.

Receivables and Payables for Unsettled Sales and Purchases

Receivables and Payables for Unsettled Sales and Purchases     We account for purchases and sales of securities on the trade date, including purchases and sales for forward settlement. Receivables and payables for unsettled trades represent the agreed trade price multiplied by the outstanding balance of the securities at the balance sheet date.

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

    Accrued interest receivable includes interest accrued between payment dates on securities and interest on unsettled sales of securities. Accrued interest payable includes interest on unsettled purchases of securities and interest on repurchase agreements. At certain times, we may have interest payable on U.S. Treasury Securities sold short.

Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase Agreements

We finance the acquisition of the majority of our MBS through the use of repurchase agreements. Our repurchase agreements are secured by our MBS and bear interest rates that have historically moved in close relationship to the Federal Funds Rate and short-term London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), and more recently the Secured Overnight Funding Rate ("SOFR"). Under these repurchase agreements, we sell MBS to a lender and agree to repurchase the same MBS in the future for a price that is higher than the original sales price. The difference between the sales price that we receive and the repurchase price that we pay represents interest paid to the lender, which accrues over the life of the repurchase agreement. A repurchase agreement operates as a financing arrangement under which we pledge our MBS as collateral to secure a loan which is equal in value to a specified percentage of the estimated fair value of the pledged collateral. We retain beneficial ownership of the pledged collateral. At the maturity of a repurchase agreement, we are required to repay the loan and concurrently receive back our pledged collateral from the lender or, with the consent of the lender, we may

renew such agreement at the then prevailing interest rate. The repurchase agreements may require us to pledge additional assets to the lender in the event the estimated fair value of the existing pledged collateral declines.

    In addition to the repurchase agreement financing discussed above, at certain times we have entered into reverse repurchase agreements with certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties. Under a typical reverse repurchase agreement, we purchase U.S. Treasury Securities from a borrower in exchange for cash and agree to sell the same securities in the future in exchange for a price that is higher than the original purchase price. The difference between the purchase price originally paid and the sale price represents interest received from the borrower. Reverse repurchase agreement receivables and repurchase agreement liabilities are presented net when they meet certain criteria, including being with the same counterparty, being governed by the same master repurchase agreement ("MRA"), settlement through the same brokerage or clearing account and maturing on the same day. We did not have any reverse repurchase agreements outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Derivatives, at Fair Value

Derivatives, at Fair Value

    We recognize all derivatives individually as either assets or liabilities at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. All changes in the fair values of our derivatives are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. We designate derivatives as hedges for tax purposes and any unrealized derivative gains or losses would not affect our distributable net taxable income. These transactions may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate swaptions, basis swap contracts and Futures Contracts.

    We also may utilize forward contracts for the purchase or sale of TBA Agency Securities. We account for TBA Agency Securities as derivative instruments if it is reasonably possible that we will not take or make physical delivery of the Agency Security upon settlement of the contract. We account for TBA dollar roll transactions as a series of derivative transactions. We may also purchase and sell TBA Agency Securities as a means of investing in and financing Agency Securities (thereby increasing our “at risk” leverage) or as a means of disposing of or reducing our exposure to Agency Securities (thereby reducing our “at risk” leverage). We agree to purchase or sell, for future delivery, Agency Securities with certain principal and interest terms and certain types of collateral, but the particular Agency Securities to be delivered are not identified until shortly before the TBA settlement date. We may also choose, prior to settlement, to move the settlement of these securities out to a later date by entering into an offsetting short or long position (referred to as a “pair off”), net settling the paired off positions for cash, and simultaneously purchasing or selling a similar TBA Agency Security for a later settlement date. This transaction is commonly referred to as a “dollar roll.” When it is reasonably possible that we will pair off a TBA Agency Security, we account for that contract as a derivative.

Impairment of Assets

Impairment of Assets

    We assess impairment of available for sale securities at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. We consider an impairment if we (1) intend to sell the available for sale securities, or (2) believe it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery (for example, because of liquidity requirements or contractual obligations) and a credit impairment exists where fair value is less than amortized cost. Impairment losses recognized establish a new cost basis for the related available for sale securities.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

    Interest income is earned and recognized on Agency Securities based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of Multi-Family MBS, which are generally not subject to prepayment, are amortized or accreted into interest income over the contractual lives of the securities using a level yield method. Premiums and discounts associated with the purchase of other Agency Securities are amortized or accreted into interest income over the actual lives of the securities, reflecting actual prepayments as they occur. Purchase and sale transactions (including TBA Agency Securities) are recorded on the trade date to the extent it is probable that we will take or make timely physical delivery of the related securities. Gains or losses

realized from sales of available for sale securities are reclassified into income from other comprehensive income and are determined using the specific identification method.

Interest income on Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities and Interest-Only Securities is recognized using the effective yield method over the life of the securities based on the future cash flows expected to be received. Future cash flow projections and related effective yields are determined for each security and updated quarterly. Impairment losses establish a new cost basis in the security for purposes of calculating effective yields, recognized when the fair value of a security is less than its cost basis and there has been an adverse change in the future cash flows expected to be received. Other changes in future cash flows expected to be received are recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the security. Interest income on U.S. Treasury Securities is recognized based on their unpaid principal amounts and their contractual terms. Recognition of interest income commences on the settlement date of the purchase transaction and continues through the settlement date of the sale transaction.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    Comprehensive income (loss) refers to changes in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. We have not identified any ASUs that we deemed to be applicable or that are expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements when adopted.

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

The following tables provide a summary of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

September 30, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	4,259,294	$	—	$	4,259,294
U.S. Treasury Securities	$	194,906	$	—	$	—	$	194,906
Derivatives	$	—	$	178,602	$	—	$	178,602
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	22,982	$	—	$	22,982
December 31, 2020	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
Agency Securities	$	—	$	5,178,322	$	—	$	5,178,322
Derivatives	$	—	$	54,686	$	—	$	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	$	—	$	1,217	$	—	$	1,217

XML

Investments in Securities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Summary of Investment in Securities

The following tables summarize our investments in securities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, excluding TBA Agency Securities (see Note 8 - Derivatives). Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we designated Agency MBS purchased as “trading securities” for financial reporting purposes, and consequently, fair value changes for these investments will be reported in net income. We anticipate continuing this designation for newly acquired Agency MBS positions because it is more representative of our results of operations insofar as the fair value changes for these securities are presented in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes of our hedging instruments. Fair value changes for the legacy Agency Securities designated as available for sale are reported in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP.

	Available for Sale Securities			Trading Securities
	Agency			Agency			Credit Risk and Non-Agency			U.S. Treasuries			Totals
September 30, 2021
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Purchases (1)	—			883,281			—			788,919			1,672,200
Proceeds from sales	(87,875)			(813,178)			—			(584,817)			(1,485,870)
Receivable for unsettled sales	(82,100)			—			—			—			(82,100)
Principal repayments	(278,662)			(412,271)			—			—			(690,933)
Losses	(43,999)			(45,790)			—			(9,198)			(98,987)
(Amortization) accretion	(12,755)			(25,679)			—			2			(38,432)
Balance, September 30, 2021	$	1,465,511		$	2,793,783		$	—		$	194,906		$	4,454,200
Percentage of Portfolio	32.90		%	62.72		%	—		%	4.38		%	100.00		%
December 31, 2020
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	11,941,766		$	—		$	883,601		$	—		$	12,825,367
Purchases (1)	1,768,688			3,711,961			237,928			4,621,776			10,340,353
Proceeds from sales	(10,800,879)			(158,708)			(889,057)			(4,643,049)			(16,491,693)
Principal repayments	(873,650)			(343,514)			(45,766)			—			(1,262,930)
Gains (losses)	(32,565)			19,557			(189,555)			21,357			(181,206)
Credit loss expense	(1,012)			—			—			—			(1,012)
(Amortization) accretion	(31,446)			(21,876)			2,849			(84)			(50,557)
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,970,902		$	3,207,420		$	—		$	—		$	5,178,322
Percentage of Portfolio	38.06		%	61.94		%	—		%	—		%	100.00		%

(1)Purchases include cash paid during the period, plus payable for investment securities purchased during the period as of period end.

Available-for-sale Securities in an Unrealized Gain or Loss Position

The table below presents the components of the carrying value and the unrealized gain or loss position of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Our available for sale securities had a weighted average coupon of 3.00% and 3.25% at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Agency Securities	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,098,882	$	1,125,271	$	(26)	$	113,765	$	1,239,010
Total Freddie Mac	194,139		201,847		—		10,092		211,939
Total Ginnie Mae	14,084		14,439		(9)		132		14,562
Total	$	1,307,105	$	1,341,557	$	(35)	$	123,989	$	1,465,511
December 31, 2020
Total Fannie Mae	$	1,359,136	$	1,397,206	$	(1)	$	159,603	$	1,556,808
Total Freddie Mac	354,382		368,686		—		19,246		387,932
Total Ginnie Mae	25,388		25,979		(43)		226		26,162
Total	$	1,738,906	$	1,791,871	$	(44)	$	179,075	$	1,970,902

Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value

The following table presents the unrealized losses and estimated fair value of our available for sale securities by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. All of our available for sale securities are issued and guaranteed by GSEs or Ginnie Mae. The GSEs have a long term credit rating of AA+.

	Unrealized Loss Position For:
	< 12 Months				≥ 12 Months				Total
Agency Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2021	$	1,722	$	(4)	$	5,341	$	(31)	$	7,063	$	(35)
December 31, 2020	$	8,811	$	(44)	$	—	$	—	$	8,811	$	(44)

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date

The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our available for sale securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Weighted Average Life of Available for Sale Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	118	$	115	$	71	$	72
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	28,770		28,225		548,352		520,657
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	381,710		363,268		282,739		269,716
≥ 5 years	1,054,913		949,949		1,139,740		1,001,426
Total Available for Sale Securities	$	1,465,511	$	1,341,557	$	1,970,902	$	1,791,871

The following table summarizes the weighted average lives of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
Estimated Weighted Average Life of Trading Securities	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost
< 1 year	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
≥ 1 year and < 3 years	61,949		61,793		649,425		650,328
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	473,216		468,971		1,522,509		1,506,035
≥ 5 years	2,453,524		2,485,187		1,035,486		1,030,366
Total	$	2,988,689	$	3,015,951	$	3,207,420	$	3,186,729

Debt Securities, Trading, and Equity Securities, FV-NI

The components of the carrying value of our trading securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are presented in the table below. We did not have any Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities or Interest-Only Securities at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

	Principal Amount		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Loss		Gross Unrealized Gain		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,184,495	$	2,310,414	$	(25,528)	$	5,325	$	2,290,211
Total Freddie Mac	482,142		505,537		(4,419)		2,454		503,572
Total Agency Securities	$	2,666,637	$	2,815,951	$	(29,947)	$	7,779	$	2,793,783
U.S. Treasury Securities	200,000		200,000		(5,094)		—		194,906
Total Trading Securities	$	2,866,637	$	3,015,951	$	(35,041)	$	7,779	$	2,988,689
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities:
Total Fannie Mae	$	2,420,828	$	2,585,409	$	(1,441)	$	18,211	$	2,602,179
Total Freddie Mac	570,654		601,320		(430)		4,351		605,241
Total Trading Securities	$	2,991,482	$	3,186,729	$	(1,871)	$	22,562	$	3,207,420

XML

Repurchase Agreements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Disclosure of Repurchase Agreements [Abstract]

Schedule of Repurchase Agreements

The following table represents the contractual repricing regarding our repurchase agreements to finance MBS purchases at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. No amounts below are subject to offsetting. Our repurchase agreements require excess collateral, known as a “haircut.” At September 30, 2021, the average haircut percentage was 3.44% compared to 3.13% at December 31, 2020. The haircut for our repurchase agreements vary by counterparty and therefore, the changes in the average haircut percentage will vary with the changes in our counterparty repurchase agreement balances.

	Balance		Weighted Average Contractual Rate		Weighted Average Maturity in days
September 30, 2021
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	2,556,476	0.13	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 90 days	109,082		0.11	%	49
> 90 days	584,881		0.11	%	182
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,250,439	0.13	%	46
U.S. Treasury Securities
≤ 30 days	200,000		0.14	%	1
Total or Weighted Average	$	3,450,439	0.11	%	43
December 31, 2020
Agency Securities
≤ 30 days	$	3,618,255	0.23	%	15
> 30 days to ≤ 60 days	917,810		0.23	%	45
Total or Weighted Average	$	4,536,065	0.23	%	21

XML

Derivatives (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Offsetting Assets

The following tables present information about the potential effects of netting our derivatives if we were to offset the assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We currently present these financial instruments at their gross amounts and they are included in Derivatives, at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Assets	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	172,592	$	(4,526)	$	(147,138)	$	20,928
Futures Contracts	—		—		12		12
TBA Agency Securities	6,010		(18,456)		19,075		6,629
Totals	$	178,602	$	(22,982)	$	(128,051)	$	27,569
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	34,588	$	(866)	$	(27,773)	$	5,949
TBA Agency Securities	20,098		(351)		(13,942)		5,805
Totals	$	54,686	$	(1,217)	$	(41,715)	$	11,754

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

Offsetting Liabilities

			Gross Amounts Not Offset
Liabilities	Gross Amounts(1)		Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral		Total Net
September 30, 2021
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(4,526)	$	4,526	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(18,456)		18,456		—		—
Totals	$	(22,982)	$	22,982	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2020
Interest rate swap contracts	$	(866)	$	866	$	—	$	—
TBA Agency Securities	(351)		351		—		—
Totals	$	(1,217)	$	1,217	$	—	$	—

(1)See Note 5 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional discussion.

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss)

The following table represents the location and information regarding our derivatives which are included in Other Income (Loss) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

		Income (Loss) Recognized
		For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives	Location on consolidated statements of operations	2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swap contracts:
Realized loss	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	$	(58,637)	$	—	$	(58,637)	$	(461,374)
Interest income	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	1,250		1,136		3,007		28,937
Interest expense	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	(8,325)		(2,603)		(21,507)		(43,172)
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	89,726		13,478		143,872		43,030
		$	24,014	$	12,011	$	66,735	$	(432,579)
Futures Contracts:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	2		—		2		—
		$	2	$	—	$	2	$	—
TBA Agency Securities:
Realized gain	Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	36,170		22,333		16,587		80,759
Changes in fair value	Unrealized gain on derivatives	(29,877)		(6,612)		(30,787)		3,274
		$	6,293	$	15,721	$	(14,200)	$	84,033
Totals		$	30,309	$	27,732	$	52,537	$	(348,546)

Schedule of Derivative Instruments

The following tables present information about our derivatives at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts (1)	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	Weighted Average Rate
September 30, 2021
< 3 years	$	1,307,000	13	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	412,000		41	0.16	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	889,000		63	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	4,202,000		110	0.87	%
Total or Weighted Average (2)	$	6,810,000	81	0.59	%
December 31, 2020
< 3 years	$	2,230,000	12	0.06	%
≥ 3 years and < 5 years	463,000		45	0.14	%
≥ 5 years and < 7 years	942,000		72	0.28	%
≥ 7 years	1,702,000		113	0.50	%
Total or Weighted Average (3)	$	5,337,000	58	0.24	%

(1)Pay Fixed/Receive Variable.

(2)Of this amount, $5,607,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2032 and $1,203,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023. Includes $850,000 notional of forward settling swap contracts that settle by September 23, 2022.

(3)Of this amount, $2,230,000 notional are SOFR based swaps, the last of which matures in 2023; and $3,107,000 notional are Fed Funds based swaps, the last of which matures in 2030.

TBA Agency Securities	Notional Amount		Cost Basis		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	700,000	$	707,348	$	705,215
2.0%	1,700,000		1,753,652		1,746,736
30 Year Long
2.0%	300,000		303,320		300,609
2.5%	1,200,000		1,239,016		1,233,157
3.5%	300,000		313,543		313,556
Total (1)	$	4,200,000	$	4,316,879	$	4,299,273
December 31, 2020
15 Year Long
1.5%	$	200,000	$	204,758	$	205,781
2.0%	1,200,000		1,248,015		1,253,354
30 Year Long
2.0%	600,000		619,031		622,934
2.5%	800,000		838,047		841,314
3.5%	(200,000)		(211,055)		(211,406)
Total (1)	$	2,600,000	$	2,698,796	$	2,711,977

(1)$2,250,000 and $1,250,000 notional were forward settling at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

XML

Stock Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Activity

Transactions related to awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are summarized below:

	September 30, 2021
	Number of Awards	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding beginning of period	496	$	19.77
Granted (1)	635	$	11.08
Vested	(230)	$	17.10
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding end of period	901	$	14.33

(1)During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 535 RSUs were granted to certain officers of ARMOUR through ACM and 100 RSUs were granted to the Board.

XML

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Stockholders Equity

The following table presents the changes in Stockholders' Equity for the following interim periods.

Stockholders' Equity	March 31, 2021		June 30, 2021		September 30, 2021		March 31, 2020		June 30, 2020		September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of quarter	$	938,304	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,436,707	$	786,250	$	851,231
Series B Preferred dividends ($0.1640625 per share)	—		—		—		(1,375)		—		—
Series C Preferred dividends ($0.14583 per share)	(2,486)		(2,996)		(2,995)		(1,452)		(2,320)		(2,320)
Common stock dividends (1)	(20,057)		(23,197)		(25,461)		(30,377)		(5,876)		(19,590)
Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption	—		—		—		(209,583)		—		—
Issuance of Series C Preferred Stock	28,173		8,412		—		129,221		(125)		—
Issuance of Common stock, net	52,960		159,264		49,072		—		48,886		—
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements	1,199		1,205		1,237		1,001		1,022		1,028
Common Stock repurchased, net	—		—		—		(777)		—		—
Net income (loss)	71,327		(69,174)		33,982		(406,659)		51,748		58,386
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(42,234)		7,842		(20,685)		(130,456)		(28,354)		3,534
Balance, end of quarter	$	1,027,186	$	1,108,542	$	1,143,692	$	786,250	$	851,231	$	892,269

(1)    See the below table for common stock dividends per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Common stock dividends were $0.17 per share each month for January, February and March 2020. No common stock dividends were paid in April and May 2020, $0.09 per share was paid in June 2020 and for each month from July through September 2020 common stock dividends paid were $0.10 per share.

Equity Transactions

The following tables present our equity transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transaction Type	Completion Date	Number of Shares	Per Share price (1)		Net Proceeds (Costs)
September 30, 2021
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 19, 2021 - April 9, 2021	1,500	$	24.38	$	36,585
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	March 3, 2021 - May 18, 2021	10,713	$	12.07	$	129,336
2021 Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	May 19, 2021 - September 28, 2021	11,529	$	11.45	$	131,960
December 31, 2020
Preferred C Underwritten Offering	January 28, 2020	3,450	$	24.14	$	83,282
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement	January 30, 2020 - December 23, 2020	1,897	$	24.70	$	46,856
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement	April 7, 2020 - December 15, 2020	6,287	$	8.68	$	54,575
Common stock repurchases, net	February 26, 2020 - March 3, 2020	(40)	$	19.42	$	(777)

(1)Weighted average price

Dividends Transactions

The following table presents our Series C Preferred Stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per Series C Preferred Share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	779.7
February 15, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.14583	$	836.9
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.14583	$	869.6
April 15, 2021	April 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
May 15, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
June 15, 2021	June 28, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
July 15, 2021	July 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
August 15, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
September 15, 2021	September 27, 2021	$	0.14583	$	998.5
Total dividends paid				$	8,477.2

    The following table presents our common stock dividend transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Record Date	Payment Date	Rate per common share		Aggregate amount paid to holders of record
January 15, 2021	January 28, 2021	$	0.10	$	6,646
February 16, 2021	February 26, 2021	$	0.10	6,645
March 15, 2021	March 29, 2021	$	0.10	6,766
April 15, 2021	April 29, 2021	$	0.10	7,234
May 17, 2021	May 27, 2021	$	0.10	7,646
June 15, 2021	June 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,317
July 15, 2021	July 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
August 16, 2021	August 27, 2021	$	0.10	8,413
September 15, 2021	September 29, 2021	$	0.10	8,635
Total dividends paid				$	68,715

XML

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Weighted Average Number of Shares

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net Income (Loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	30,987	$	56,066	$	27,658	$	(303,992)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		901		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	84,927		65,272		76,318		62,458

XML

Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The following table presents a reconciliation of comprehensive net income (loss) and the shares used in calculating weighted average basic and diluted comprehensive income (loss) per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	13,297	$	61,920	$	(18,942)	$	(451,801)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)		(2,320)		(8,477)		(7,467)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$	10,302	$	59,600	$	(27,419)	$	(459,268)
Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders:
Basic	$	0.12	$	0.92	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Diluted	$	0.12	$	0.91	$	(0.36)	$	(7.35)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	84,026		64,724		75,417		62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested	901		548		—		—
Diluted	84,927		65,272		75,417		62,458

XML

Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The following table reconciles our GAAP net income (loss) to estimated REIT taxable loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
GAAP net income (loss)	$	33,982	$	58,386	$	36,135	$	(296,525)
Book to tax differences:
TRS (income) loss	23		145		(43)		76
Premium amortization expense	(41)		(103)		(117)		(183)
Agency Securities, trading	2,387		(12,149)		45,790		(20,060)
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	—		6,510		—		188,075
U.S. Treasury Securities	9,170		—		9,198		(21,357)
Changes in interest rate contracts	(37,384)		(29,199)		(71,037)		334,312
Credit loss expense	—		—		—		1,012
Gain on Security Sales	(3,724)		(9,468)		(11,078)		(138,802)
Amortization of deferred hedging costs	(40,664)		(45,458)		(122,529)		(106,618)
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock dividend - Called for redemption	—		—		—		1,375
Other	531		561		1,368		1,032
Estimated REIT taxable loss	$	(35,720)	$	(30,775)	$	(112,313)	$	(57,663)

Summary of Tax Credit Carryforwards

Net capital losses realized	Amount		Available to offset capital gains through
2018	$	(136,388)	2023
2019	$	(13,819)	2024

XML

Related Party Transactions (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Schedule of Related Party Transactions

The following table reconciles the fees incurred in accordance with the management agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020.

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Management fees	$	7,886	$	7,383	$	23,024	$	22,195
Less management fees waived	(2,100)		(2,953)		(6,600)		(5,900)
Total net management fee expense	$	5,786	$	4,430	$	16,424	$	16,295

The table below summarizes other transactions with BUCKLER for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Transactions with BUCKLER	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Repurchase agreements (1)	$	1,642,069	$	2,998,111
Collateral posted on repurchase agreements	$	1,707,223	$	3,117,929
U.S. Treasury Securities Purchased	$	100,000	$	—

(1)Interest on repurchase agreements was $774 and $2,938 and $1,424 and $36,821 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020, respectively. See also, Note 7 - Repurchase Agreements for transactions with BUCKLER.

XML

Organization and Nature of Business Operations (Details)	Sep. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2017
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Corporate Joint Venture
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Percentage of voting interests acquired	10.00%	10.00%

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Additional Information (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 dealer
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Number of dealers received quotes from, trading	3

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	$ 1,465,511	$ 1,970,902
Derivatives	178,602	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	22,982	1,217
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities		5,178,322
Derivatives	178,602	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	22,982	1,217
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Agency Securities
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	4,259,294
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | U.S. Treasuries
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	194,906
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 1
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities		0
Derivatives	0	0
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 1 | Agency Securities
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 1 | U.S. Treasuries
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	194,906
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities		5,178,322
Derivatives	178,602	54,686
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	22,982	1,217
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2 | Agency Securities
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	4,259,294
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2 | U.S. Treasuries
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 3
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities		0
Derivatives	0	0
Liabilities at Fair Value:
Derivatives	0	$ 0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 3 | Agency Securities
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 3 | U.S. Treasuries
Assets at Fair Value:
Securities	$ 0

XML

Investments in Securities - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt securities	$ 4,454,200,000			$ 4,454,200,000	$ 5,178,322,000
Trading securities	2,988,689,000			2,988,689,000	3,207,420,000
Credit loss expense	0	$ 0	$ 1,012,000	0	0	$ 1,012,000
TBA Agency Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Derivative assets (liabilities), net	(12,446,000)			(12,446,000)	19,747,000
TBA Agency Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Trading securities	4,299,273,000			4,299,273,000	$ 2,711,977,000
Agency Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Trading securities	$ 2,793,783,000			$ 2,793,783,000
Weighted average coupon rate	3.00%			3.00%	3.25%

XML

Investments in Securities - Summary of Investment in Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Investment In Securities, Fair Value, Roll Forward Abstract [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 5,178,322	$ 12,825,367
Purchases	1,672,200	10,340,353
Proceeds from sales	(1,485,870)	(16,491,693)
Receivable for unsettled sales	(82,100)
Principal repayments	(690,933)	(1,262,930)
Gains (losses)	(98,987)	(181,206)
Credit loss expense		(1,012)
(Amortization) accretion	(38,432)	(50,557)
Ending balance	$ 4,454,200	$ 5,178,322
Percentage of portfolio	100.00%	100.00%
Agency Available for Sale Securities
Investment In Securities, Fair Value, Roll Forward Abstract [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 1,970,902	$ 11,941,766
Purchases	0	1,768,688
Proceeds from sales	(87,875)	(10,800,879)
Receivable for unsettled sales	(82,100)
Principal repayments	(278,662)	(873,650)
Gains (losses)	(43,999)	(32,565)
Credit loss expense		(1,012)
(Amortization) accretion	(12,755)	(31,446)
Ending balance	$ 1,465,511	$ 1,970,902
Percentage of portfolio	32.90%	38.06%
Agency Trading Securities
Investment In Securities, Fair Value, Roll Forward Abstract [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 3,207,420	$ 0
Purchases	883,281	3,711,961
Proceeds from sales	(813,178)	(158,708)
Receivable for unsettled sales	0
Principal repayments	(412,271)	(343,514)
Gains (losses)	(45,790)	19,557
Credit loss expense		0
(Amortization) accretion	(25,679)	(21,876)
Ending balance	$ 2,793,783	$ 3,207,420
Percentage of portfolio	62.72%	61.94%
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities
Investment In Securities, Fair Value, Roll Forward Abstract [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 0	$ 883,601
Purchases	0	237,928
Proceeds from sales	0	(889,057)
Receivable for unsettled sales	0
Principal repayments	0	(45,766)
Gains (losses)	0	(189,555)
Credit loss expense		0
(Amortization) accretion	0	2,849
Ending balance	$ 0	$ 0
Percentage of portfolio	0.00%	0.00%
U.S. Treasuries
Investment In Securities, Fair Value, Roll Forward Abstract [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 0	$ 0
Purchases	788,919	4,621,776
Proceeds from sales	(584,817)	(4,643,049)
Receivable for unsettled sales	0
Principal repayments	0	0
Gains (losses)	(9,198)	21,357
Credit loss expense		0
(Amortization) accretion	2	(84)
Ending balance	$ 194,906	$ 0
Percentage of portfolio	4.38%	0.00%

XML

Investments in Securities - Unrealized Gain or Loss Position and Components of Carrying Value of Available for Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Principal Amount	$ 1,307,105	$ 1,738,906
Amortized Cost	1,341,557	1,791,871
Gross Unrealized Loss	(35)	(44)
Gross Unrealized Gain	123,989	179,075
Fair Value	1,465,511	1,970,902
Fannie Mae
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Principal Amount	1,098,882	1,359,136
Amortized Cost	1,125,271	1,397,206
Gross Unrealized Loss	(26)	(1)
Gross Unrealized Gain	113,765	159,603
Fair Value	1,239,010	1,556,808
Freddie Mac
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Principal Amount	194,139	354,382
Amortized Cost	201,847	368,686
Gross Unrealized Loss	0	0
Gross Unrealized Gain	10,092	19,246
Fair Value	211,939	387,932
Ginnie Mae
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Principal Amount	14,084	25,388
Amortized Cost	14,439	25,979
Gross Unrealized Loss	(9)	(43)
Gross Unrealized Gain	132	226
Fair Value	$ 14,562	$ 26,162

XML

Investments in Securities - Gross Unrealized Losses and Estimated Fair Value of Available for Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value
Less than 12 months	$ 1,722	$ 8,811
Greater than or equal to 12 months	5,341	0
Total	7,063	8,811
Unrealized Losses
Less than 12 months	(4)	(44)
Greater than or equal to 12 months	(31)	0
Unrealized Losses	$ (35)	$ (44)

XML

Investments in Securities - Summary of Weighted Average Lives of Available for Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value
Less than 1 year	$ 118	$ 71
Greater than or equal to 1 year and less than 3 years	28,770	548,352
Greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years	381,710	282,739
Greater than or equal to 5 years	1,054,913	1,139,740
Total Agency Securities	1,465,511	1,970,902
Amortized Cost
Less than 1 year	115	72
Greater than or equal to 1 year and less than 3 years	28,225	520,657
Greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years	363,268	269,716
Greater than or equal to 5 years	949,949	1,001,426
Amortized Cost	$ 1,341,557	$ 1,791,871

XML

Investments in Securities - Carrying Value of Trading Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Principal Amount	$ 2,866,637	$ 2,991,482
Amortized Cost	3,015,951	3,186,729
Gross Unrealized Loss	(35,041)	(1,871)
Gross Unrealized Gain	7,779	22,562
Fair Value	2,988,689	3,207,420
Agency Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Principal Amount	2,666,637
Amortized Cost	2,815,951
Gross Unrealized Loss	(29,947)
Gross Unrealized Gain	7,779
Fair Value	2,793,783
U.S. Treasuries
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Principal Amount	200,000
Amortized Cost	200,000
Gross Unrealized Loss	(5,094)
Gross Unrealized Gain	0
Fair Value	194,906
Fannie Mae | Agency Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Principal Amount	2,184,495	2,420,828
Amortized Cost	2,310,414	2,585,409
Gross Unrealized Loss	(25,528)	(1,441)
Gross Unrealized Gain	5,325	18,211
Fair Value	2,290,211	2,602,179
Freddie Mac | Agency Securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]
Principal Amount	482,142	570,654
Amortized Cost	505,537	601,320
Gross Unrealized Loss	(4,419)	(430)
Gross Unrealized Gain	2,454	4,351
Fair Value	$ 503,572	$ 605,241

XML

Investments in Securities - Weighted Average Lives of Trading Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value
Less than one year	$ 0	$ 0
Greater than one year and less than three years	61,949	649,425
Greater than three years and less than five years	473,216	1,522,509
Greater than five years	2,453,524	1,035,486
Securities, trading	2,988,689	3,207,420
Amortized Cost
Less than one year	0	0
Greater than one year and less than three years	61,793	650,328
Greater than three years and less than five years	468,971	1,506,035
Greater than five years	2,485,187	1,030,366
Amortized Cost	$ 3,015,951	$ 3,186,729

XML

Repurchase Agreements - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($) counterparty	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) counterparty
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of counterparties with MRAs	34
Carrying amount | $	$ 3,450,439	$ 4,536,065
Number of counterparties with repurchase agreements outstanding	18	18
Ratio of indebtedness to net capital maximum	12
Counterparty Concentration Risk | Aggregate Borrowings
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of counterparties	2	1
Counterparty Concentration Risk | BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Aggregate Borrowings
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of portfolio invested	47.60%	66.10%
Counterparty Concentration Risk | BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Stockholders' Equity
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of portfolio invested	3.90%	8.30%
Weighted average maturity	65 days	21 days
Counterparty Concentration Risk | One Repurchase Agreement Counterparty | Aggregate Borrowings
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of portfolio invested	5.00%	5.00%
Counterparty Concentration Risk | One Repurchase Agreement Counterparty | Repurchase Agreement Borrowings
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Percentage of portfolio invested	18.70%	9.00%

XML

Repurchase Agreements - Repurchase Agreements by Maturity Period (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Haircut percentage	3.44%	3.13%
Balance	$ 3,450,439	$ 4,536,065
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.11%	0.23%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	43 days	21 days
Agency Securities
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance	$ 3,250,439
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.13%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	46 days
Agency Securities | Within 30 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance	$ 2,556,476	$ 3,618,255
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.13%	0.23%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	15 days	15 days
Agency Securities | 31 days to 90 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance	$ 109,082
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.11%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	49 days
Agency Securities | Greater than 90 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance	$ 584,881
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.11%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	182 days
Agency Securities | 31 days to 60 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance		$ 917,810
Weighted Average Contractual Rate		0.23%
Weighted Average Maturity in days		45 days
U.S. Treasuries | Within 30 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Balance	$ 200,000
Weighted Average Contractual Rate	0.14%
Weighted Average Maturity in days	1 day

XML

Derivatives - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 30, 2021
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Ratio of indebtedness to net capital maximum	12

XML

Derivatives - Offsetting Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	$ 178,602	$ 54,686
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	(22,982)	(1,217)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	(128,051)	(41,715)
Total Net	27,569	11,754
Interest rate swap contracts
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	172,592	34,588
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	(4,526)	(866)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	(147,138)	(27,773)
Total Net	20,928	5,949
Futures Contracts
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	0
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	0
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	12
Total Net	12
TBA Agency Securities
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	6,010	20,098
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	(18,456)	(351)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	19,075	(13,942)
Total Net	$ 6,629	$ 5,805

XML

Derivatives - Offsetting Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	$ (22,982)	$ (1,217)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	22,982	1,217
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	0	0
Net Amount	0	0
Interest rate swap contracts
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	(4,526)	(866)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	4,526	866
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	0	0
Net Amount	0	0
TBA Agency Securities
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Gross Amounts	(18,456)	(351)
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Financial Instruments	18,456	351
Gross Amounts Not Offset, Cash Collateral	0	0
Net Amount	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Derivatives - Location and Information of Derivatives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives	[1]	$ (29,540)	$ 20,866	$ (60,548)	$ (394,850)
Changes in fair value		59,849	6,866	113,085	46,304
Subtotal		30,309	27,732	52,537	(348,546)
Interest rate swap contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives		(58,637)	0	(58,637)	(461,374)
Interest income		1,250	1,136	3,007	28,937
Interest expense		(8,325)	(2,603)	(21,507)	(43,172)
Changes in fair value		89,726	13,478	143,872	43,030
Subtotal		24,014	12,011	66,735	(432,579)
Futures Contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives		2	0	2	0
Subtotal		2	0	2	0
TBA Agency Securities
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Realized gain (loss) on derivatives		36,170	22,333	16,587	80,759
Changes in fair value		(29,877)	(6,612)	(30,787)	3,274
Subtotal		$ 6,293	$ 15,721	$ (14,200)	$ 84,033

[1] Interest expense related to our interest rate swap contracts is recorded in realized loss on derivatives on the consolidated statements of operations. For additional information, see financial statement Note 8.

XML

Derivatives - Interest Rate Swap Contracts, Swaptions and Futures Contracts (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 6,810,000,000	$ 5,337,000,000
Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	81 months	58 months
Weighted Average Rate	0.59%	0.24%
Notional amount, forward settling	$ 850,000,000
Fed Funds Effective Rate Overnight Index Swap Rate
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	5,607,000,000	$ 3,107,000,000
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 1,203,000,000	$ 2,230,000,000
Less than 3 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	3 years	3 years
Notional Amount	$ 1,307,000,000	$ 2,230,000,000
Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	13 months	12 months
Weighted Average Rate	0.06%	0.06%
Greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 412,000,000	$ 463,000,000
Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	41 months	45 months
Weighted Average Rate	0.16%	0.14%
Greater than or equal to 5 years and less than 7 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 889,000,000	$ 942,000,000
Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	63 months	72 months
Weighted Average Rate	0.28%	0.28%
Greater than or equal to 7 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 4,202,000,000	$ 1,702,000,000
Weighted Average Remaining Term (Months)	110 months	113 months
Weighted Average Rate	0.87%	0.50%
Minimum | Greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	3 years	3 years
Minimum | Greater than or equal to 5 years and less than 7 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	5 years	5 years
Maximum | Greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	5 years	5 years
Maximum | Greater than or equal to 5 years and less than 7 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	7 years	7 years
Maximum | Greater than or equal to 7 years
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, remaining maturity	7 years	7 years

XML

Derivatives - TBA Agency Securities (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 6,810,000,000	$ 5,337,000,000
Notional amount, forward settling	$ 850,000,000
TBA Agency Securities, 15-year, 1.5%
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	1.50%	1.50%
Notional Amount	$ 700,000,000	$ 200,000,000
Cost Basis	707,348,000	204,758,000
Fair Value	$ 705,215,000	$ 205,781,000
TBA Agency Securities, 15-year, 2.0%
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	2.00%	2.00%
Notional Amount	$ 1,700,000,000	$ 1,200,000,000
Cost Basis	1,753,652,000	1,248,015,000
Fair Value	$ 1,746,736,000	$ 1,253,354,000
TBA Agency Securities, 30-year, 2.0%
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	2.00%	2.00%
Notional Amount	$ 300,000,000	$ 600,000,000
Cost Basis	303,320,000	619,031,000
Fair Value	$ 300,609,000	$ 622,934,000
TBA Agency Securities, 30-year, 2.5%
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	2.50%	2.50%
Notional Amount	$ 1,200,000,000	$ 800,000,000
Cost Basis	1,239,016,000	838,047,000
Fair Value	1,233,157,000	$ 841,314,000
TBA Agency Securities, 30-year, 3.5%
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate		3.50%
Notional Amount	300,000,000	$ (200,000,000)
Cost Basis	313,543,000	(211,055,000)
Fair Value	313,556,000	(211,406,000)
TBA Agency Securities
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	4,200,000,000	2,600,000,000
Cost Basis	4,316,879,000	2,698,796,000
Fair Value	4,299,273,000	2,711,977,000
Notional amount, forward settling	$ 2,250,000,000	$ 1,250,000,000

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands					3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Jan. 13, 2021	Apr. 25, 2016 lawsuit	Apr. 24, 2016 lawsuit	Mar. 01, 2016 lawsuit defendant	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 25, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Monthly percentage of effective management fee percentage					8.33%			8.33%
Gross equity raised					$ 3,245,650	$ 2,937,354		$ 3,245,650	$ 2,937,354
Fee waiver adjustment, first quarter												$ 2,100		$ 2,400
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter											$ 700		$ 800
Management fees waived					$ 2,100	$ 2,953		$ 6,600	$ 5,900
Subsequent Event
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter										$ 650
Transactions
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of new claims filed | lawsuit		1	8	9
Number of defendants that are current directors | defendant				8
ACM
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Percentage of gross equity raised used in calculation of management fee up to 1 Billion					1.50%			1.50%
Percentage of gross equity raised used in calculation of management fee in excess of 1 Billion					0.75%			0.75%
Effective management fee percentage					0.98%	1.01%		0.98%	1.01%
Related party transaction, management fee reduction (as a percent)	40.00%						40.00%

XML

Stock Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	May 13, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	May 12, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Board of Directors
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Nonemployee services transaction, quarterly fee		$ 33
The 2009 Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase in aggregate number of shares (in shares)	2,125
Common stock available for grant (in shares)	4,000		1,875
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		2,167
Compensation cost not yet recognized		$ 12,911
Period for recognition for compensation cost not yet recognized		2 years 9 months 18 days
The 2009 Stock Incentive Plan | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)		$ 14.33		$ 19.77

XML

Stock Based Compensation - Restricted Shares (Details) - The 2009 Stock Incentive Plan - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) shares in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021 $ / shares shares
Number of Awards
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding beginning of period (in shares)	496
Granted (in shares)	635
Vested (in shares)	(230)
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding end of period (in shares)	901
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 19.77
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	11.08
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	17.10
Unvested RSU Awards Outstanding end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 14.33
Board of Directors
Number of Awards
Granted (in shares)	100
Armour Capital Management
Number of Awards
Granted (in shares)	535

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands															1 Months Ended										2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 29, 2021	Sep. 27, 2021	Aug. 27, 2021	Jul. 29, 2021	Jul. 27, 2021	Jun. 29, 2021	Jun. 28, 2021	May 27, 2021	Apr. 29, 2021	Apr. 27, 2021	Mar. 29, 2021	Feb. 26, 2021	Jan. 28, 2021	Jan. 27, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2020	Oct. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Jul. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Feb. 29, 2020	Jan. 31, 2020	May 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance																	$ 892,269			$ 851,231				$ 1,436,707	$ 786,250	$ 1,108,542	$ 1,027,186	$ 938,304	$ 851,231	$ 786,250	$ 1,436,707	$ 938,304	$ 1,436,707	$ 1,436,707
Common stock dividends																										(25,461)	(23,197)	(20,057)	(19,590)	(5,876)	(30,377)	(68,715)
Issuance of stock																																261,296
Stock based compensation, net of withholding requirements																										1,237	1,205	1,199	1,028	1,022	1,001	3,641
Common stock repurchased, net																										0	0	0	0	0	(777)
Net Income (Loss)																										33,982	(69,174)	71,327	58,386	51,748	(406,659)	36,135	(296,525)
Other comprehensive income (loss)																										(20,685)	7,842	(42,234)	3,534	(28,354)	(130,456)	(55,077)	(155,276)
Ending balance															$ 938,304			$ 892,269			$ 851,231	$ 786,250				1,143,692	1,108,542	1,027,186	892,269	851,231	786,250	1,143,692	$ 892,269	$ 938,304
Common stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)															$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.09	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0
Series B Preferred Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends																										0	0	0	0	0	(1,375)
Series B Preferred Stock, called for redemption																										0	0	0	0	$ 0	(209,583)
Preferred stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)																														$ 0.1640625
Series C Preferred Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Preferred dividends																										(2,995)	(2,996)	(2,486)	(2,320)	$ (2,320)	(1,452)	(8,477)
Issuance of stock																										$ 0	8,412	28,173	$ 0	(125)	129,221	$ 36,585
Preferred stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583												$ 0.14583			$ 0.14583			$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583
Common Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of stock																										$ 49,072	$ 159,264	$ 52,960	$ 0	$ 48,886	$ 0
Common stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10		$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands					9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	May 18, 2021	May 14, 2021	May 04, 2020	Jan. 28, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Aug. 20, 2021	Aug. 19, 2021	Jan. 29, 2020
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)					50,000,000		50,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)					$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, undesignated shares authorized (in shares)					31,617,000
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)					200,000,000		125,000,000	200,000,000	125,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)					$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)					87,709,000		65,290,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)					87,709,000		65,290,000
Remaining shares authorized to be repurchased (in shares)					8,210,000		8,210,000
At-The-Market Offering Program
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Commission rate		2.00%	2.00%
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)		17,000	17,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)		$ 0.001	$ 0.001
2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)					11,529,000
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock					$ 131,960
Series C Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)				10,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)				$ 0.001	$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, dividend rate				7.00%	7.00%		7.00%
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)					6,847,000		5,347,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)					6,847,000		5,347,000
Preferred stock, aggregate liquidation preference					$ 171,175		$ 133,675
Preferred stock, designated but unissued shares authorized (in shares)					3,153,000		4,653,000
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock					$ 36,585	$ 129,096
Series C Preferred Stock | January 23, 2020 Underwriting Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share)					$ 25.00		$ 25.00
Series C Preferred Stock | Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)										6,550,000
Commission rate										2.00%
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)					1,500,000
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock					$ 36,585
Payments of stock issuance costs					445
Series B Preferred Stock | February 15, 2019, Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)	10,713,000
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock	$ 129,336
Payments of stock issuance costs	$ 1,682
Series B Preferred Stock | 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs					$ 1,473

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Equity Capital Raising Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of stock							$ 261,296
Common stock repurchases, net							$ 0	$ 777
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock repurchased (in shares)							22,242
Common stock repurchased, net (in shares)									(40)
Price per share (in dollars per share)									$ 19.42
Issuance of stock							$ 22
Common stock repurchases, net									$ (777)
Series C Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of stock	$ 0	$ 8,412	$ 28,173	$ 0	$ (125)	$ 129,221	$ 36,585
Preferred C ATM Sales Agreement | Series C Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)							1,500		1,897
Price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 24.38						$ 24.38		$ 24.70
Issuance of stock							$ 36,585		$ 46,856
Common stock ATM Sales Agreement | Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)									6,287
Common stock repurchased (in shares)							10,713
Price per share (in dollars per share)	12.07						$ 12.07		$ 8.68
Issuance of stock							$ 129,336		$ 54,575
2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)							11,529
Price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 11.45						$ 11.45
Preferred C Underwritten Offering | Series C Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)									3,450
Price per share (in dollars per share)									$ 24.14
Issuance of stock									$ 83,282

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Dividend Transactions (Details) - USD ($)															1 Months Ended										2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 29, 2021	Sep. 27, 2021	Aug. 27, 2021	Jul. 29, 2021	Jul. 27, 2021	Jun. 29, 2021	Jun. 28, 2021	May 27, 2021	Apr. 29, 2021	Apr. 27, 2021	Mar. 29, 2021	Feb. 26, 2021	Jan. 28, 2021	Jan. 27, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2020	Oct. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Jul. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Feb. 29, 2020	Jan. 31, 2020	May 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Rate per common share (in dollars per share)															$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.09	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0
Aggregate amount paid to holders of record																												$ 68,715,000	$ 55,843,000
Series C Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Rate per Series C Preferred Share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583												$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583
Aggregate amount paid to holders of record		$ 998,500	$ 998,500		$ 998,500		$ 998,500	$ 998,500		$ 998,500	$ 869,600	$ 836,900		$ 779,700														$ 8,477,200	$ 6,092,000
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Rate per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10		$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10		$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Aggregate amount paid to holders of record	$ 8,635,000		$ 8,413,000	$ 8,413,000		$ 8,317,000		$ 7,646,000	$ 7,234,000		$ 6,766,000	$ 6,645,000	$ 6,646,000															$ 68,715,000

XML

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Income (Loss)	$ 33,982	$ (69,174)	$ 71,327	$ 58,386	$ 51,748	$ (406,659)	$ 36,135	$ (296,525)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)			(2,320)			(8,477)	(7,467)
Net Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$ 30,987			$ 56,066			$ 27,658	$ (303,992)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic (in shares)	84,026			64,724			75,417	62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested (in shares)	901			548			901	0
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	84,927			65,272			76,318	62,458
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)							901	548

XML

Comprehensive Income (Loss) per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$ 13,297	$ 61,920	$ (18,942)	$ (451,801)
Less: Preferred dividends	(2,995)	(2,320)	(8,477)	(7,467)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) available (related) to common stockholders	$ 10,302	$ 59,600	$ (27,419)	$ (459,268)
Net Comprehensive Income (Loss) per share available (related) to common stockholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.92	$ (0.36)	$ (7.35)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.91	$ (0.36)	$ (7.35)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	84,026	64,724	75,417	62,458
Add: Effect of dilutive non-vested awards, assumed vested (in shares)	901	548	0	0
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	84,927	65,272	75,417	62,458
Antidilutive shares excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)			901	548

XML

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Estimated REIT Taxable Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
GAAP net income (loss)	$ 33,982	$ (69,174)	$ 71,327	$ 58,386	$ 51,748	$ (406,659)	$ 36,135	$ (296,525)
Book to tax differences:
TRS (income) loss	23			145			(43)	76
Premium amortization expense	(41)			(103)			(117)	(183)
(Gain) loss on Agency Securities, trading	2,387			(12,149)			45,790	(20,060)
Credit Risk and Non-Agency Securities	0			6,510			0	188,075
U.S. Treasury Securities	9,170			0			9,198	(21,357)
Changes in interest rate contracts	(37,384)			(29,199)			(71,037)	334,312
Credit loss expense	0			0			0	1,012
Gain on Security Sales	(3,724)			(9,468)			(11,078)	(138,802)
Amortization of deferred hedging costs	(40,664)			(45,458)			(122,529)	(106,618)
Series B Cumulative Preferred Stock dividend - Called for redemption	0			0			0	1,375
Other	531			561			1,368	1,032
Estimated REIT taxable loss	$ (35,720)			$ (30,775)			$ (112,313)	$ (57,663)

XML

Income Taxes - Net Capital Losses Realized (Details) - Capital Loss Carryforward $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
2018
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	$ (136,388)
2019
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	$ (13,819)

XML

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Non capital losses available for use in future years	$ 91,961		$ 91,961
Aggregate tax basis of stockholders' equity in excess of assets and liabilities	$ 236,674		$ 236,674
Aggregate tax basis of stockholders' equity in excess of assets and liabilities (in dollars per share)	$ 2.70		$ 2.70
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	87,709		87,709		65,290
Payment of dividends	$ 28,456	$ 21,910	$ 77,192	$ 63,310
Interest rate swap contracts
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Interest rate swap expense amortization through year 2029	$ 648,000		$ 648,000		$ 717,000

XML

Related Party Transactions - Additional Information (Details) shares in Thousands				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Oct. 13, 2021 USD ($)	May 18, 2021 USD ($) shares	Jan. 13, 2021	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 25, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 18, 2019 loan
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter											$ 700,000		$ 800,000
Fee waiver adjustment, first quarter												$ 2,100,000		$ 2,400,000
Management fees					$ 7,899,000	$ 7,393,000		$ 23,055,000	$ 22,234,000
Number of subordinated loan agreements | loan																1
Subsequent Event
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter										$ 650,000
2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Subsequent Event
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs	$ 218,000
2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Series B Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs								$ 1,473,000
February 15, 2019, Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Series B Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares		10,713
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses		$ 129,336,000
Payments of stock issuance costs		$ 1,682,000
Common Stock | 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares								11,529
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses								$ 131,960,000
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Series B Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs								1,213,000
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | February 15, 2019, Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement | Series B Preferred Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs								$ 702,000
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Common Stock | 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares								10,529
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses								$ 120,411,000
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Common Stock | February 15, 2019, Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares								4,818
Issuance of Series C Preferred stock, net of expenses								$ 58,374,000
ACM
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Management fee reduction (as a percent)			40.00%				40.00%
ACM | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Award vesting period								5 years
Corporate Joint Venture | BUCKLER Securities, LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Payments to acquire equity method investments				$ 352,000
Percentage of voting interests acquired				10.00%	10.00%			10.00%
Value of equity method investment					$ 687,000			$ 687,000							$ 634,000
Proceeds from divestiture of interest in joint venture						117,000			1,382,000
Required annual reduction in share of gross financing profit					306,000			$ 306,000
Armour Management Agreement | ACM
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Automatic renewal period of management agreement								5 years
Other Expense | ACM
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Management fees					92,000	2,000		$ 130,000	150,000
Stock Based Compensation Expense | ACM
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Management fees					176,000	118,000		584,000	402,000
Required Regulatory Capital Requirement of Related Party | Corporate Joint Venture | BUCKLER Securities, LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Loans receivable, related parties					105,000,000			$ 105,000,000
Related party transaction, rate								0.00%
Loans and leases receivable, related parties, proceeds					$ 20,000	$ 52,000		$ 25,000	$ 312,000

XML

Related Party Transactions - Schedule of Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Management fees	$ 7,886	$ 7,383		$ 23,024	$ 22,195
Less management fees waived	(2,100)	(2,953)		(6,600)	(5,900)
Total net management fee expense	5,786	4,430		16,424	16,295
U.S. Treasuries
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
U.S. Treasury Securities Purchased				788,919	4,621,776
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Corporate Joint Venture
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	1,642,069			1,642,069		$ 2,998,111
Collateral posted on repurchase agreements	1,707,223			1,707,223		$ 3,117,929
Interest on repurchase agreements	$ 774	$ 1,424		2,938	$ 36,821
BUCKLER Securities, LLC | Corporate Joint Venture | U.S. Treasuries
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
U.S. Treasury Securities Purchased			$ 0	$ 100,000

XML

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)															1 Months Ended										2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 27, 2021	Nov. 29, 2021	Oct. 28, 2021	Oct. 27, 2021	Oct. 13, 2021	Sep. 27, 2021	Aug. 27, 2021	Jul. 27, 2021	Jun. 28, 2021	May 27, 2021	Apr. 27, 2021	Mar. 29, 2021	Feb. 26, 2021	Jan. 27, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2020	Oct. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Jul. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Feb. 29, 2020	Jan. 31, 2020	May 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Oct. 25, 2021	Jul. 01, 2021	Apr. 01, 2021
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter																															$ 700,000	$ 800,000
Common stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)															$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.09	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0.17	$ 0
Aggregate amount paid to holders of record																												$ 68,715,000	$ 55,843,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)															65,290,000											87,709,000		87,709,000
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses																												$ 261,296,000	$ 48,886,000
Series C Preferred Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)						$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583												$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583
Preferred stock dividends paid						$ 998,500	$ 998,500	$ 998,500	$ 998,500	$ 998,500	$ 998,500	$ 869,600	$ 836,900	$ 779,700														$ 8,477,200	$ 6,092,000
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Fee waiver adjustment, every month thereafter																														$ 650,000
Subsequent Event | 2021 Common Stock ATM Sales Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)					1,980,000
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses					$ 21,543,000
Payments of stock issuance costs					$ 218,000
Subsequent Event | Forecast
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Aggregate amount paid to holders of record			$ 9,065,000
Subsequent Event | Forecast | Series C Preferred Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends, cash paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.14583	$ 0.14583		$ 0.14583
Preferred stock dividends paid				$ 998,000