S-1 1 d256812ds1.htm S-1 S-1
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 23, 2011

Registration No. 333-            

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

ExactTarget, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   7372   20-1367351
(State or other jurisdiction of
Incorporation or organization)
  (Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

20 North Meridian Street, Suite 200 Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 (317) 423-3928 (Address, including zip code, and telephone number,

including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Scott D. Dorsey Chief Executive Officer 20 North Meridian Street, Suite 200 Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 (317) 423-3928 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

 

Howard B. Adler

Anne L. Benedict

Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP

1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.

Washington, DC 20036-5306

 

Steven K. Humke

Ice Miller LLP

One American Square

Suite 2900

Indianapolis, IN 46282-0200

 

Jeffrey D. Saper

J. Robert Suffoletta, Jr.

Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C.

900 South Capital of Texas Highway

Las Cimas IV, Fifth Floor

Austin, TX 78746

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are being offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box:  ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨

   Accelerated filer   ¨    Non-accelerated filer  x    Smaller reporting company  ¨
      (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

   Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering Price(1)
   Amount of
Registration Fee(2)

Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

   $100,000,000    $11,460

 

 

(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(2) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

LOGO

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted. PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS, SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 23, 2011 Prospectus Shares COMMON STOCK This is the initial public offering of common stock of Exact Target, Inc. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price of our common stock is expected to be between $ and $ per share. We expect to apply for listing of our common stock on the under the symbol . Per share Total Initial public offering price $ $ Underwriting discounts and commissions $ $ Proceeds to Exact Target, Inc., before expenses $ $ We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to additional shares of common stock to cover over-allotments. Investing in our common stock involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 9. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The underwriters expect to deliver the shares on or about , 2012. Prospectus dated , 2012 J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank Securities Stifel Nicolaus Weisel RBC Capital Markets Pacific Crest Securities Canaccord Genuity Raymond James Prospectus dated , 2012


Table of Contents

LOGO


Table of Contents
LOGO


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

Prospectus Summary

     1   

Risk Factors

     9   

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     32   

Industry and Market Data

     33   

Use of Proceeds

     34   

Dividend Policy

     34   

Capitalization

     35   

Dilution

     36   

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

     37   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     39   

Business

     72   

Management

     89   

Executive Compensation

     98   

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

     111   

Principal Stockholders

     116   

Description of Capital Stock

     119   

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

     127   

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences

     129   

Underwriting

     134   

Legal Matters

     140   

Experts

     140   

Where You Can Find More Information

     140   

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or contained in any free writing prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with additional information or information different from that contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus filed with the SEC. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus or a free writing prospectus is accurate only as of its date, regardless of its time of delivery, or of any sale of shares of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

Through and including                    , 2012 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

For investors outside the United States: Neither we nor the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

 

i


Table of Contents

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

The following summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our common stock, you should carefully read the entire prospectus, including the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in this prospectus and the information set forth under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “ExactTarget,” “we,” “company,” “us” and “our” refer to ExactTarget, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Our Business

We are a leading global provider of cross-channel, interactive marketing software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) solutions that empower organizations of all sizes to communicate with their customers through the interactive channels they use most — email, mobile, social media and websites. Our solutions provide marketers with a broad and powerful suite of integrated applications to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven interactive marketing campaigns and real-time communications to drive customer engagement, increase sales and improve their return on marketing investment.

Our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing applications, which include email, mobile, social media and sites, is built on our highly-scalable and flexible multi-tenant SaaS platform. These channel applications are integrated with our campaign management, calendaring, real-time dashboard, integrated reporting, marketing automation and data management tools to provide marketers with a comprehensive, yet easy-to-use, solution to manage, automate and engage in real-time interactive marketing. In addition, our cloud-based platform’s robust integration framework enables clients to integrate data from virtually any relevant source and leverage productized integrations with leading third-party CRM, web analytics and e-commerce providers to further enhance the relevance of their interactive communications. We also provide open application programming interfaces (“APIs”) and developer tools that allow third parties to embed our technology into their solutions and build applications on our platform.

Our global sales organization is focused on adding new clients and expanding relationships with existing clients. We believe our team is the largest sales organization devoted to selling interactive marketing SaaS solutions, with over 285 sales professionals located on four continents. Our field sales team sells into the large business, or “enterprise” market, while our inside sales team sells to small and medium-sized organizations primarily via telesales. In addition to these new business teams, we have a relationship management sales team that focuses on strengthening client relationships, driving contract renewals and selling additional applications to existing clients. We also extend our sales distribution through relationships with more than 500 marketing service providers that resell our solutions to their customers.

Our direct client base consisted of over 4,600 organizations as of September 30, 2011, ranging from enterprises to small businesses in numerous industries, including retail and e-commerce, media and entertainment, travel and hospitality, financial services and insurance, technology, daily-deal and flash-sale and marketing service providers. Among our direct clients are U.S.-based companies such as Ally Financial, Inc., Angie’s List, Inc., CareerBuilder, LLC, Groupon, Inc., Microsoft Corporation, Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, Oakley, Inc., OneAmerica Financial Partners, Inc., One King’s Lane, Inc., Papa John’s International, Inc., priceline.com Incorporated, The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, Tommy Hilfiger Group, WellPoint, Inc. and Zappos.com, Inc., and companies headquartered outside the United States such as Abril Group (Brazil), Fairfax Media Limited (Australia), Icelandair

 

 

1


Table of Contents

Group (Iceland) and Telegraph Media Group Limited (United Kingdom). Several thousand additional organizations utilize our SaaS solutions through their relationships with our marketing service provider clients. Our client base is diverse, and no single client represented more than 5% of our overall revenue for each of the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, and the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

We provide our solutions primarily through annual and multi-year subscriptions based on volume of contracted utilization, level of functionality, number of interactive marketing channels, number of users and level of customer support. We have achieved 43 consecutive quarters of revenue growth and annual dollar-based subscription revenue renewal rates of over 100% in each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our revenue was $95.4 million, $134.3 million and $148.0 million, representing period-over-period growth of 32%, 41% and 55%, respectively.

Industry Overview

Changes in media consumption, real-time engagement through social media and pervasive mobile connectivity have challenged marketers’ ability to deliver relevant, meaningful and timely communications. Organizations require a cross-channel view of their customers to drive real-time, relevant engagement and positive return on marketing investment.

Market Opportunity for Interactive Marketing

Consumers are increasingly using email, mobile, social media and websites to access information and interact with brands. Media consumption is shifting from offline channels to interactive channels, driving marketers to increase the percentage of advertising spending on interactive marketing. According to Forrester Research, Inc.’s (“Forrester”) US Interactive Marketing Forecast, 2011 To 2016, U.S. marketers plan to increase spending on interactive channels (defined as display, search, email, mobile and social media) as a percentage of total advertising spending from 16% in 2011 to 26% in 2016, creating a projected $77 billion market in the United States by 2016, of which email, mobile and social media marketing is expected to grow from approximately $4.8 billion in 2011 to nearly $15.7 billion by 2016, representing a compound annual growth rate of 27%. We believe the addressable market outside the United States presents an even greater opportunity.

Market Challenges

Organizations often lack the technology, infrastructure and expertise needed to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven, interactive marketing campaigns and real-time communications across interactive channels. Marketers considering the adoption or expansion of email and cross-channel, interactive marketing programs face many challenges, including the following:

 

  Ÿ  

difficulty in integrating data to create a single, unified view of each consumer;

 

  Ÿ  

complexity in effectively engaging consumers across multiple channels;

 

  Ÿ  

inability of disparate point solutions to address marketers’ emerging needs;

 

  Ÿ  

complex security and infrastructure requirements; and

 

  Ÿ  

changing deliverability and regulatory standards.

 

 

2


Table of Contents

Our Solutions

Our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing applications enables organizations to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven, interactive marketing campaigns and critical, real-time communications to enhance customer engagement and improve their return on marketing investment. Key benefits of our solutions include:

 

  Ÿ  

Cross-channel campaign management and engagement capabilities powered by a unified view of each consumer.    Our suite includes email, mobile, social media and sites applications that are integrated with campaign management, calendaring, marketing automation and data management tools to provide marketers with the ability to develop a unified view of each consumer and engage in real-time, cross-channel marketing.

 

  Ÿ  

Automation of marketing campaigns and real-time communications.    Our solutions enable clients to automate processes required to deliver sophisticated, multi-stage marketing campaigns and personalized real-time communications such as order confirmations, e-statements, alerts, abandoned shopping cart reminders and many others.

 

  Ÿ  

Highly-scalable and modular SaaS architecture to meet clients’ evolving needs.    Our SaaS technology infrastructure supports large transaction volumes and allows our clients to store large amounts of data while maintaining high application availability. Clients can easily add new channels and functionality as they expand their interactive marketing programs.

 

  Ÿ  

Open and flexible cloud-based platform.    Our cloud-based platform’s robust integration framework enables clients to integrate data from virtually any relevant source and leverage productized integrations with leading third-party applications. We also provide open APIs and developer tools that allow third parties to embed our technology into their solutions and build applications on our cloud-based platform.

 

  Ÿ  

Compliance with complex deliverability and regulatory standards.    We solve challenging issues associated with deliverability of our clients’ interactive communications and enable our clients to meet legal and regulatory compliance requirements.

Our Competitive Strengths

Our vision is to inspire and enable organizations of all sizes to leverage interactive marketing technologies to achieve phenomenal business results. We have established a leadership position in interactive marketing as evidenced by our global size, scale and growth, which we believe results in several key competitive strengths including:

 

  Ÿ  

Leadership driven by vision and focus on innovation.    Our vision, focus on innovation and significant investments have fueled our growth and enabled us to deliver interactive marketing solutions that solve marketers’ complex challenges. Forrester placed ExactTarget in the leader category in its Forrester Wave: Email Marketing Service Providers, Q4 2009 report. We have extended our leadership position beyond email marketing through the integration of our social media platform, CoTweet, Inc. (“CoTweet”), the creation of our Social Media Lab and the launch of the Interactive Marketing Hub, our integrated, cross-channel interactive marketing solution.

 

  Ÿ  

Market-leading size and scale and strong business momentum.    With approximately 1,100 employees located on four continents and over $40 million of expected research and development investment in 2011, we enable marketers around the globe to improve returns from their interactive marketing programs. Our substantial investments have led to strong business momentum, resulting in $148.0 million in revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of 55% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2010.

 

 

3


Table of Contents
  Ÿ  

Serving clients of all sizes, in many industries and geographies, from a single platform.    Our highly-scalable SaaS architecture and modular product offerings enable us to serve large, distributed enterprises with complex interactive marketing requirements, as well as small and medium-sized organizations. Our direct client base consists of over 4,600 organizations, across numerous industries and many geographies. Several thousand additional organizations utilize our SaaS solutions through their relationships with our marketing service provider clients.

 

  Ÿ  

Large direct and indirect sales organization with global reach.    We believe our team is the largest sales organization devoted to selling interactive marketing SaaS solutions to new and existing clients, with over 285 sales professionals located on four continents. We also extend our global sales distribution through relationships with more than 500 marketing service providers.

 

  Ÿ  

Corporate culture committed to client success.    Named for our primary brand color, our “Orange” culture reflects our employees’ energy, passion and focus on client success. Our culture is widely regarded as one of our greatest assets and is consistently cited as a key differentiator by clients, partners, prospective clients and employees.

Our Growth Strategy

We intend to leverage our vision, our focus on innovation, the breadth of our solutions and our interactive marketing expertise to extend our market leadership and continue to fuel our growth. Key elements of our growth strategy include:

 

  Ÿ  

continue to innovate and enhance our leading interactive marketing solutions;

 

  Ÿ  

win new clients by expanding direct and indirect sales;

 

  Ÿ  

increase revenue from our existing clients;

 

  Ÿ  

continue to expand our global presence; and

 

  Ÿ  

selectively pursue acquisitions.

Selected Risks Associated with Our Business

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted here and described in further detail in “Risk Factors” immediately following this Prospectus Summary. You should carefully read “Risk Factors” beginning on page 9 for a detailed explanation of these risks before investing in our common stock. Some of these risks include:

 

  Ÿ  

we have a recent history of losses, and we may not return to or sustain profitability in the future;

 

  Ÿ  

we have experienced rapid growth in recent periods, and if we fail to manage our domestic and international growth effectively, our financial performance may be adversely affected;

 

  Ÿ  

our operating results and revenue will be adversely affected if we are not able to attract new clients, retain existing clients or sell additional functionality and services to existing clients;

 

  Ÿ  

defects or errors in our SaaS solutions or compromises of security measures could harm our reputation, result in significant costs to us and impair our ability to sell our solutions;

 

 

4


Table of Contents
  Ÿ  

we have been dependent on our clients’ use of email as a channel for interactive marketing, and any decrease in the use of email for this purpose would harm our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition;

 

  Ÿ  

the market for cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions is relatively new and emerging. If the market develops more slowly or differently than we expect, our business, growth prospects and financial condition would be adversely affected;

 

  Ÿ  

evolving domestic and international data privacy regulations may restrict our clients’ ability to solicit, collect, process, disclose and use personal information or may increase the costs of doing so, which could harm our business;

 

  Ÿ  

failures of the third-party hardware, software and infrastructure on which we rely, including third-party data center hosting facilities, could impair the delivery of our solutions and adversely affect our business;

 

  Ÿ  

the markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and pricing pressure or other competitive dynamics, which could include clients developing their own solutions, could adversely affect our business and operating results; and

 

  Ÿ  

we rely on our management team and other key employees, and the loss of one or more key employees could harm our business.

Corporate Information

We began our operations in December 2000 as ExactTarget, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company. In July 2004, ExactTarget, LLC merged into ExactTarget, Inc., a Delaware corporation. Our principal executive offices are located at 20 North Meridian Street, Suite 200, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204. Our main telephone number is (317) 423-3928, and our website address is www.exacttarget.com. Information contained on our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus.

 

 

5


Table of Contents

The Offering

 

Common stock offered by us

                     shares

 

Over-allotment option

                     shares

 

Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

                     shares, or                      shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full.

 

Use of proceeds

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering primarily for general corporate purposes, such as expanding our sales and marketing teams, international operations, product development efforts and general and administrative functions, as well as for working capital. We may also use the net proceeds to repay our term loan and revolving line of credit or for acquisitions. See “Use of Proceeds.”

 

Exchange listing

We intend to apply for listing of our common stock on the                      under the symbol         .

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 25,949,359 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and excludes:

 

  Ÿ  

5,658,767 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of September 30, 2011 granted under our 2008 equity incentive plan and 2004 stock option plan, having a weighted average exercise price of $10.31 per share;

 

  Ÿ  

2,000,000 shares of our Series D preferred stock issued in November 2011 that will automatically convert into common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering; and

 

  Ÿ  

66,026 shares of unvested restricted common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2011.

Unless otherwise stated, information in this prospectus reflects and assumes the following:

 

  Ÿ  

the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws immediately prior to the completion of this offering;

 

  Ÿ  

the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding preferred stock as of September 30, 2011 into an aggregate of 21,467,219 shares of our common stock immediately prior to the completion of this offering; and

 

  Ÿ  

no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

 

6


Table of Contents

Summary Consolidated Financial Data

The following tables summarize the consolidated financial data for our business. You should read this summary consolidated financial data in conjunction with “Selected Consolidated Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, all included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We derived the summary consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited consolidated statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, and the unaudited consolidated balance sheet data as of September 30, 2011, were derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited consolidated financial statements on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and have included, in our opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of the financial information set forth in those statements. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our future results, and our interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year or for any other period.

 

    Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2008     2009     2010     2010     2011  
                      (unaudited)  
    (in thousands, except share and per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

         

Revenue

  $ 72,342      $ 95,443      $ 134,267      $ 95,276      $ 147,985   

Cost of revenue(1)

    20,094        30,772        43,894        31,013        49,595   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

    52,248        64,671        90,373        64,263        98,390   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

         

Sales and marketing(1)

    28,397        39,276        63,978        42,986        68,224   

Research and development(1)

    9,901        14,845        27,400        18,699        30,151   

General and administrative(1)

    7,436        13,397        17,159        11,979        18,082   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    45,734        67,518        108,537        73,664        116,457   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

    6,514        (2,847     (18,164     (9,401     (18,067

Other income (expense), net

    34        75        (53     30        (683
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes

    6,548        (2,772     (18,217     (9,371     (18,750

Income tax expense (benefit)

    2,989        (777     (6,127     (3,349     10,540   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    3,559        (1,995     (12,090     (6,022     (29,290

Adjustment for redemption of preferred stock

    —          (58,601     —          —          —     

Preferred stock dividend

    —          (490     —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

  $ 3,559      $ (61,086   $ (12,090   $ (6,022   $ (29,290
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per common share:

         

Basic

  $ 0.68      $ (11.73   $ (3.03   $ (1.53   $ (6.76

Diluted

  $ 0.17      $ (11.73   $ (3.03   $ (1.53   $ (6.76

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—basic

    5,234,463        5,208,696        3,989,152        3,934,577        4,332,319   

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—diluted

    20,359,647        5,208,696        3,989,152        3,934,577        4,332,319   

Other Financial Data:

         

Adjusted EBITDA(2)

  $ 12,249      $ 7,723      $ (2,769   $ 1,272      $ (892

 

 

7


Table of Contents

 

(1) Cost of revenue and operating expenses include the following amounts related to stock-based compensation:

 

     Year Ended December 31,      Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
         2008              2009              2010              2010              2011      
                          (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Cost of revenue

   $   215       $ 416       $ 664       $ 483       $ 798   

Sales and marketing

     320         813         1,413         852         1,644   

Research and development

     257         528         1,147         854         1,010   

General and administrative

     191         1,589         1,201         783         1,490   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

   $ 983       $ 3,346       $ 4,425       $ 2,972       $ 4,942   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(2) We provide “Adjusted EBITDA,” which is a non-GAAP financial measure, because we believe this measure provides important supplemental information regarding our operating performance and is often used by investors and analysts in their evaluation of companies such as ours. In addition, we use Adjusted EBITDA as a measurement of our operating performance because it assists us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis by removing the impact of certain non-cash and non-operating items. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before (1) other (income) expense, which includes interest income, interest expense and other income and expense, (2) income tax expense (benefit), (3) depreciation and amortization of property and equipment, (4) amortization of intangible assets and (5) stock-based compensation. This non-GAAP financial measure is used in addition to and in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP and should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBITDA reflects an additional way of viewing aspects of our operations that we believe, when viewed with our GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. The following table provides a reconciliation from net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
         2008             2009             2010             2010             2011      
                       (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Net income (loss)

   $ 3,559      $ (1,995   $ (12,090   $ (6,022   $ (29,290

Other (income) expense, net

     (34     (75     53        (30     683   

Income tax expense (benefit)

     2,989        (777     (6,127     (3,349     10,540   

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment

     4,752        7,046        10,173        7,225        11,401   

Amortization of intangible assets

     —          178        797        476        832   

Stock-based compensation

     983        3,346        4,425        2,972        4,942   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 12,249      $ 7,723      $ (2,769   $ 1,272      $ (892
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     As of September 30, 2011  
     Actual     Pro Forma(3)      Pro Forma
As Adjusted(4)
 
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

       

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 29,550      $                    $                

Working capital (deficit)

     1,672        

Total assets

     154,735        

Total liabilities

     93,040        

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     63,000        

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     (1,305     

 

(3) On a pro forma basis to give effect to the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our preferred stock into                  shares of common stock.
(4) On a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to (1) the issuance and sale by us of                 shares of common stock in this offering, and the receipt of the net proceeds from our sale of these shares at an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, the midpoint of the range listed on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and (2) the amendment and restatement of our certificate of incorporation in connection with this offering.

 

 

8


Table of Contents

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this prospectus, including the financial statements and related notes, and any related free writing prospectus before deciding whether to purchase shares of our common stock. If any of the following risks are realized, in whole or in part, our business, operating results, reputation and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We have a recent history of losses, and we may not return to or sustain profitability in the future.

We incurred net losses of $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, $12.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 and $29.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. We had an accumulated deficit of $140.0 million as of September 30, 2011. In recent years, we have made substantial investments in research and development, infrastructure, growing our sales team, international expansion and acquisitions to support anticipated future revenue growth. We expect to continue to make significant investments in the development and expansion of our business, which may make it difficult for us to return to profitability. In addition, as a public company, we will incur significant accounting, legal and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. As a result of these increased expenditures, we will have to generate and sustain increased revenue relative to our costs to achieve profitability in the future. While our revenue has grown in recent periods, such revenue growth may not be indicative of our future performance, and this growth may not be sustainable. We may not be able to achieve sufficient revenue to return to profitability in future periods, and our revenue could decline or grow more slowly than we expect. We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including due to the risks described in this prospectus.

We have experienced rapid growth in recent periods, and if we fail to manage our domestic and international growth effectively, our financial performance may be adversely affected.

We have expanded our overall business, including our revenue, team of employees, international operations and client base in recent periods. Our revenue increased from $72.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to $134.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, and to $148.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. We increased our total number of full-time employees from 379 as of December 31, 2008 to 1,062 as of September 30, 2011. Since August 2009, we have acquired a social media marketing platform and three international reseller partners. Our historical growth rate is not necessarily indicative of the growth that we will achieve in the future. Our recent growth and anticipated future growth has placed and will continue to place strain on our team, infrastructure and operations. Our success will depend on our ability to manage this growth effectively. We intend to further expand our overall business, client base, number of employees and operations as we prepare to become a public company and continue to expand our operations internationally. Managing a large, diverse and geographically dispersed client base and workforce will require substantial management effort and significant additional investment in our team, technology and infrastructure. In order to support and sustain our growth, we will have to continue to improve our technology, our operational, financial and management controls and reporting procedures, and all of these investments will increase our costs. Furthermore, we have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries. If our assumptions regarding these uncertainties are incorrect or change as a result of changes in the market in which we operate, if we do not address these risks successfully or if we fail to

 

9


Table of Contents

successfully plan for and manage our growth, our operating and financial results could differ materially from our expectations and our business and growth prospects could be adversely affected.

Our operating results and revenue will be adversely affected if we are not able to attract new clients, retain existing clients or sell additional functionality and services to existing clients.

To continue to grow our business, we must attract new clients and retain and sell additional products and services to existing clients. Many of our subscription agreements do not automatically renew at the end of their terms and some have termination clauses that could result in early termination. As the interactive marketing industry matures and as competitors introduce lower cost or differentiated competitive products or services, our ability to effectively compete with respect to pricing, technology, functionality, services and support could be impaired. In such an event, we may be unable to attract new clients or renew our agreements with existing clients on favorable or comparable terms to prior periods. In addition, we may not be able to accurately predict new subscriptions or subscription renewal rates and the impact these rates may have on our future revenue and operating results. These events and developments could have a material adverse effect on our revenue, gross margin and other operating results.

Defects or errors in our SaaS solutions could harm our reputation, result in significant costs to us and impair our ability to sell our solutions.

Our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions is inherently complex and may contain defects or errors, which may cause disruptions in availability or other performance problems that could include prolonged down-time. Any such errors, defects, disruptions in service or other performance problems, whether in connection with day-to-day operation, bug fixes, upgrades or otherwise, could be costly for us to remedy, damage our clients’ businesses and harm our reputation. In addition, if we have any such errors, defects, disruptions in service or other performance problems, our clients could terminate their agreements, elect not to renew their subscriptions, delay or withhold payment, or make performance claims against us. Any of these actions could result in lost business, increased insurance costs, difficulty in collecting our accounts receivable and costly litigation. Such errors, defects or other problems could also result in reduced sales or a loss of or delay in the market acceptance of our solutions.

We have been dependent on our clients’ use of email as a channel for interactive marketing, and any decrease in the use of email for this purpose would harm our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition.

Historically, our clients have primarily used our SaaS solutions for email-based interactive marketing to consumers who have given our clients permission to send them emails. We expect that email will continue to be the primary channel used by our clients for the foreseeable future. Should our clients lose confidence in the value or effectiveness of email marketing, or if other interactive channels are perceived to be more effective than email marketing, the demand for our solutions may decline. A number of factors could adversely affect our clients’ assessment of the value or effectiveness of email marketing, including continual growth in the number of emails consumers receive on a daily basis, the inability of Internet service providers (“ISPs”) to prevent unsolicited bulk email, or “spam,” from overwhelming consumers’ inboxes, security concerns regarding viruses, worms or similar problems affecting Internet and email utilization and increased governmental regulation or restrictive policies adopted by ISPs that make it more difficult or costly to utilize email for marketing communications.

 

10


Table of Contents

The market for cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions is relatively new and emerging. If the market develops more slowly or differently than we expect, our business, growth prospects and financial condition would be adversely affected.

The market for cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions, such as ours, is relatively new and may not achieve or sustain high levels of demand and market acceptance. While email has been used successfully for interactive marketing for several years, marketing via new interactive marketing channels such as mobile and social media is not as well established, and revenue from email represents a substantial majority of our total revenue. The future growth of our business depends both on the acceptance and expansion of emerging interactive marketing channels, as well as the continued use and growth of existing interactive marketing channels, including email. Even if interactive marketing through these channels becomes widely adopted, our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions may not continue to be utilized by our existing clients or we may not acquire new clients. Organizations may not make significant investments in cross-channel, interactive marketing solutions and may not purchase SaaS solutions to address their interactive marketing needs. If cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions are not widely adopted, or the market for such SaaS solutions does not develop as we expect, our business, growth prospects and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Evolving domestic and international data privacy regulations may restrict our clients’ ability to solicit, collect, process, disclose and use personal information or may increase the costs of doing so, which could harm our business.

Federal, state and foreign governments and supervising authorities have enacted, and may in the future enact, laws and regulations concerning the solicitation, collection, processing, disclosure or use of consumers’ personal information. Evolving and changing regulations regarding personal data and personal information, both within the European Union and elsewhere, especially relating to classification of IP addresses, machine identification, location data and other information, may limit or inhibit our ability to operate or expand our business. Such laws and regulations require or may require companies to implement privacy and security policies, permit consumers to access, correct or delete personal information stored or maintained by such companies, inform individuals of security incidents that affect their personal information, and, in some cases, obtain consent to use personal information for certain purposes. Other proposed legislation could, if enacted, impose additional requirements and prohibit the use of certain technologies that track individuals’ activities on web pages or record when individuals click on a link contained in an email message. Such laws and regulations could restrict our clients’ ability to collect and use email addresses, web browsing data and personal information, which may reduce demand for our solutions. Changing industry standards and industry self-regulation regarding the collection, use and disclosure of certain data may have similar effects. Existing and potential future privacy and data protection laws and increasing sensitivity of consumers to unauthorized disclosures and use of personal information may also negatively affect the public’s perception of interactive marketing, including marketing practices of our clients. If our solutions are perceived to cause, or are otherwise unfavorably associated with, invasions of privacy, whether or not illegal, we or our clients may be subject to public criticism. Public concerns regarding data collection, privacy and security may also cause some consumers to be less likely to visit our clients’ websites or otherwise interact with our clients, which could limit the demand for our solutions and inhibit the growth of our business.

Any failure to comply with applicable privacy and data protection laws, regulations, policies and standards or any inability to adequately address privacy concerns associated with our solutions, even if unfounded, could subject us to liability, damage our reputation, impair our sales and harm our business. Furthermore, the costs to our clients of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, such laws, regulations, policies and standards may limit adoption of and demand for our solutions.

 

11


Table of Contents

If our security measures are compromised or unauthorized access to client data is otherwise obtained, our solutions may be perceived as not being secure, clients may curtail or cease their use of our solutions, our reputation may be harmed and we may incur significant liabilities.

Our operations involve the storage and transmission of client and consumer data, and security incidents could result in unauthorized access to, loss of or unauthorized disclosure of this information, litigation, indemnity obligations and other possible liabilities, as well as negative publicity, which could damage our reputation, impair our sales and harm our business. Cyberattacks and other malicious Internet-based activity continue to increase, and SaaS-based platform providers of interactive marketing services have been targeted. Our security measures and the contractual restraints we maintain to prevent our clients from loading sensitive health, personal and financial information into our SaaS platform may not be sufficient to prevent the storage of such information on our systems or to prevent our systems from being compromised. We do not regularly monitor or review the content that our clients upload and store and, therefore, do not control the substance of the content within our hosted environment. If clients use our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions for the transmission or storage of personally identifiable information and our security measures are compromised as a result of third-party action, employee or client error, malfeasance, stolen or fraudulently obtained log-in credentials or otherwise, our reputation could be damaged, our business may be harmed and we could incur significant liability. We may be unable to anticipate or prevent techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems because they change frequently and generally are not detected until after an incident has occurred. As we increase our client base and our brand becomes more widely known and recognized when we are a public company, we may become more of a target for third parties seeking to compromise our security systems or gain unauthorized access to our clients’ data. A failure or inability to meet clients’ expectations with respect to security and confidentiality could seriously damage our reputation and affect our ability to retain clients and attract new business.

Many governments have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals of data security incidents involving certain types of personal data. In addition, some of our clients contractually require notification of any data security compromise. Security compromises experienced by our competitors, by our clients or by us may lead to public disclosures, which may lead to widespread negative publicity. Any security compromise in our industry, whether actual or perceived, could harm our reputation, erode client confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures, negatively impact our ability to attract new clients, cause existing clients to elect not to renew their subscriptions or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other action or liability, which could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

There can be no assurance that the limitations of liability in our contracts would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any such liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. We also cannot be sure that our existing general liability insurance coverage and coverage for errors or omissions will continue to be available on acceptable terms or will be available in sufficient amounts to cover one or more large claims, or that the insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to scale our infrastructure quickly enough to meet our clients’ growing needs and, even if we can, our operations may be disrupted or our operating results could be harmed.

As usage of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions grows and as clients use our solutions for more advanced interactive marketing programs, we will need to devote additional resources to improving our application architecture and our infrastructure to maintain our solutions’ performance. Any failure of or delays in our systems could cause service interruptions or impaired

 

12


Table of Contents

system performance. If sustained or repeated, these performance issues could reduce the attractiveness of our solutions to clients, result in decreased sales to new clients and lower renewal rates by existing clients, which could hurt our revenue growth and our reputation. We also may need to expand our hosting operations at a more rapid pace than we have in the past. This would involve spending substantial amounts to purchase or lease data center capacity and equipment, upgrade our technology and infrastructure and introduce new SaaS solutions. Similarly, our international expansion efforts could require us to use data centers located outside the United States. We may not be able to scale our existing systems in a manner that is satisfactory to our existing or prospective clients. In addition, any such expansion will require management time and support, could be expensive and complex, could result in inefficiencies, unsuccessful data transfers or operational failures, could reduce our margins and could adversely impact our financial results. Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with upgrading, improving and expanding our information technology systems. We cannot be sure that the improvements to our infrastructure and systems will be fully or effectively implemented on a timely basis, if at all.

Failures of the third-party hardware, software and infrastructure on which we rely, including third-party data center hosting facilities, could impair the delivery of our solutions and adversely affect our business.

We rely on hardware and infrastructure, which is purchased or leased, and software licensed from third parties, to offer our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and related professional services. For example, we rely on bandwidth providers, ISPs, mobile providers and social networks to deliver messages to consumers on behalf of our clients. Any errors or defects in third-party hardware, software or infrastructure could result in errors, interruptions or a failure of our SaaS solutions. Furthermore, this hardware, software and infrastructure may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. The loss of the right to use any of this hardware, software or infrastructure could limit access to our SaaS solutions.

We currently serve our clients from two third-party data center hosting facilities located in Indianapolis, Indiana and Las Vegas, Nevada. Although our network infrastructure is generally redundant in each of our data centers, our data storage and operational capabilities are not fully redundant across data centers. The owners and operators of these facilities do not guarantee that our clients’ access to our solutions will be uninterrupted, error-free or secure. We do not control the operation of these facilities, and such facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from a tornado, earthquake, fire, cyber-attack, terrorist attack, power loss, telecommunications failure or similar catastrophic events. They also could be subject to break-ins, computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and other misconduct. The occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in the delivery of our solutions. If for any reason our arrangement with one or more of the third-party data centers we use is terminated, we could incur additional expense in arranging for new facilities and support. In addition, the failure of the data centers to meet our capacity requirements could result in interruptions in the availability of our SaaS solutions or impair the functionality of our SaaS solutions, which could adversely affect our business.

Errors, defects, disruptions or other performance problems with the delivery of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions may reduce our revenue, harm our reputation and brand and adversely affect our contract renewals and our ability to attract new clients. In addition, some of our client agreements require us to issue credits for downtime in excess of certain thresholds, and in some instances give our clients the ability to terminate the agreements in the event of significant amounts of downtime. Our business, growth prospects and operating results will also be harmed if our clients and potential clients are not confident that our solutions are reliable.

 

13


Table of Contents

During the fourth quarter of 2011, we expect to commence operations in a third data center, located in Indianapolis, Indiana. This facility, which is owned and operated by a third party, has comparable terms to our existing Indianapolis and Las Vegas, Nevada data centers. As we continue to add data centers and increase capacity in data centers to accommodate increased demand, our costs and expenses associated with these efforts may adversely affect our operating results, liquidity and financial condition.

The markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and pricing pressure or other competitive dynamics, which could include clients developing their own solutions, could adversely affect our business and operating results.

The markets for interactive marketing solutions are fragmented, highly competitive and rapidly changing. With the introduction of new technologies and potential new entrants into these markets, we expect competition to intensify in the future, which could harm our ability to increase sales and maintain our margins. We provide interactive marketing solutions to a broad array of clients, ranging from enterprises to small businesses. We have a number of competitors, including Aprimo, Inc. (which was acquired by Teradata Corporation in 2011), CheetahMail Inc. (a subsidiary of Experian Group Limited), e-Dialog Inc. (a subsidiary of eBay, Inc.), Eloqua Limited, Epsilon Data Management, LLC (a subsidiary of Alliance Data Systems Corporation), Responsys, Inc., Silverpop Systems Inc., StrongMail Systems, Inc., Unica Corporation (which was acquired by International Business Machines Corporation in 2010) and Yesmail (a division of infoGROUP Inc.). To a lesser degree, we compete with a number of email marketing providers focused on the small business market. We also face competition from social media marketing providers, such as Buddy Media, Inc. and Radian6 Technologies, Inc. (which was acquired by salesforce.com, inc. in 2011), and from mobile marketing service providers, as well as from in-house solutions that our current and prospective clients may develop.

We may also face competition from new companies entering our markets, which may include large established businesses, such as Adobe Systems Incorporated, Amazon.com, Inc., Google Inc., Oracle Corporation or salesforce.com, inc., each of which currently offers, or may in the future offer, interactive marketing or related applications such as applications for customer relationship management, analysis of Internet data and marketing automation. If these companies decide to develop, market or resell competitive interactive marketing products or services, acquire one of our competitors or form a strategic alliance with one of our competitors, our ability to compete effectively could be compromised, and our operating results could be harmed. Furthermore, we believe that our industry may experience further consolidation, which could lead to increased competition and result in pricing pressure or loss of market share, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, limit our growth prospects or reduce our revenue.

Our current and potential competitors may have significantly more financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we have, may be able to devote greater resources to the development, promotion, sale and support of their products and services than we can, may have more extensive customer bases and broader customer relationships than we have and may have longer operating histories and greater name recognition than we have. In some cases, these companies may choose to offer interactive marketing applications at little or no additional cost to the customer by bundling them with their existing applications. If we are unable to compete with such companies, the demand for our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and related professional services could decline and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

14


Table of Contents

If we fail to effectively expand our sales and marketing capabilities and teams, we may not be able to increase our client base and achieve broader market acceptance of our SaaS solutions.

Increasing our client base and achieving broader market acceptance of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions will depend on our ability to expand our sales and marketing teams and their capabilities to obtain new clients and sell additional products and services to existing clients. We believe there is significant competition for direct sales professionals with the skills and technical knowledge that we require, and we may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals in the future. Our ability to achieve significant future revenue growth will depend on our success in recruiting, training and retaining sufficient numbers of direct sales professionals. New and planned hires require significant training and time before they become fully productive, and may not become as productive as quickly as we anticipate. Our growth prospects will be harmed if our efforts to expand, train and retain our direct sales team do not generate a corresponding significant increase in revenue.

In addition to our direct sales team, we also extend our global sales distribution through relationships with more than 500 marketing service providers. These providers do not have exclusive relationships with us, and we cannot be certain that these partners will prioritize or provide adequate resources for selling our solutions. Establishing and retaining qualified partners and training them in our solutions requires significant time and resources. If we are unable to devote sufficient time and resources to establish and train these partners, or if we are unable to maintain successful relationships with these providers, our business could be adversely affected.

Because our long-term growth strategy involves further expansion of our sales to clients outside the United States, our business will be susceptible to risks associated with international operations.

A key component of our growth strategy involves the further expansion of our operations and client base internationally. In recent years, we completed acquisitions of resellers located in the United Kingdom, Australia and Brazil. As we continue to expand the sales of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions to clients outside the United States, our business will be increasingly susceptible to risks associated with international operations. Among the risks and challenges we believe are most likely to affect us with respect to international expansion are:

 

  Ÿ  

difficulties and expenses associated with the continued adaptation of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions for international markets, including translation into foreign languages;

 

  Ÿ  

difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations and the increased travel, real estate, infrastructure and legal compliance costs associated with international operations;

 

  Ÿ  

burdens of complying with applicable laws and regulations, including regional data privacy laws and anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

 

  Ÿ  

in some countries, a less-developed set of rules and infrastructure for online and mobile communications;

 

  Ÿ  

our ability to secure local communications and data center services and to successfully deliver communications to international ISPs and mobile carriers;

 

  Ÿ  

adverse tax burdens and foreign exchange controls that could make it difficult to repatriate earnings and cash;

 

  Ÿ  

currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

  Ÿ  

difficulties in enforcing contracts;

 

  Ÿ  

difficulties in managing a business in new markets with diverse cultures, languages, customs, legal systems, alternative dispute systems and regulatory systems;

 

 

15


Table of Contents
  Ÿ  

trade restrictions;

 

  Ÿ  

laws and business practices favoring local competitors or general preferences for local vendors;

 

  Ÿ  

lesser degrees of intellectual property protection;

 

  Ÿ  

political instability or terrorist activities;

 

  Ÿ  

legal systems subject to undue influence or corruption; and

 

  Ÿ  

business cultures in which improper sales practices may be prevalent.

We have a limited operating history outside the United States, and our ability to manage our business and conduct our operations internationally requires considerable management attention and resources and is subject to the particular challenges of supporting a rapidly growing business. In addition, we have limited experience in marketing, selling and supporting our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and services abroad, which increases the risk that our future expansion efforts will not be successful. If we invest substantial time and resources to expand our international operations and are unable to do so successfully and in a timely manner, our business, operating results and reputation will be adversely affected. Additionally, operating in international markets requires significant management attention and financial resources. We cannot be certain that the investment and additional resources required to establish operations in other countries will result in adequate revenue and profitability levels.

Our business could be adversely affected if our clients are not satisfied with our SaaS solutions, our implementation and integration of our solutions or our professional services.

Our business depends on our ability to satisfy our clients and meet their business needs. If a client is unsatisfied with our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and professional services, we could lose the client, incur additional costs to remedy the situation, or the profitability of our relationship with that client may be impaired. In addition, negative publicity resulting from issues related to our client relationships, regardless of accuracy, may damage our business by adversely affecting our ability to attract new clients and maintain and expand our relationships with existing clients.

In addition, supporting enterprise clients could require us to devote significant development services and support personnel, which could strain our team and infrastructure, and reduce our profit margins. If we are unable to address the needs of these clients in a timely fashion or further develop and enhance our solutions, these clients may seek to terminate their relationships with us, not renew their subscriptions, renew their subscriptions on less favorable terms or not purchase additional features or solutions. If any of these were to occur, our revenue may decline, we may not realize future growth and our operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

If we fail to respond to evolving technological requirements or to introduce adequate enhancements and new features, our SaaS solutions could become obsolete or less competitive.

To remain a leading global provider of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions, we must continue to invest in research and development of new solutions and enhancements to our existing solutions. The process of developing new technologies, products and services is complex and expensive. Our industry is characterized by rapidly changing technologies, standards, regulations and client requirements and frequent product enhancements and introductions. The introduction of new solutions by our competitors, the market acceptance of competitive solutions based on new or alternative technologies or the emergence of new industry standards could render our solutions

 

16


Table of Contents

obsolete or less effective. In addition, other means of interactive marketing may be developed or adopted in the future, and our solutions may not be compatible with these new marketing channels. The success of any enhancement or new solution depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing, introduction and market acceptance. Any new solution or feature that we develop or acquire may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain defects or may not achieve the broad market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenue. If we are unable to anticipate client requirements, successfully develop or acquire new solutions or features in a timely manner or enhance our existing solutions to meet our clients’ requirements, our business and operating results may be adversely affected.

We may experience quarterly fluctuations in our operating results due to a number of factors, which makes our future results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or our guidance.

Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and are expected to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. Our past results may not be indicative of our future performance. If our revenue or operating results fall below the expectations of investors or securities analysts, or below any guidance we may provide, the price of our common stock could decline.

In addition to the other risks described in this prospectus, factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include the following:

 

  Ÿ  

changes in spending on interactive marketing technologies by our current or prospective clients;

 

  Ÿ  

the volume of utilization above contracted levels for a particular quarter and the amount of any associated additional revenue earned;

 

  Ÿ  

client renewal rates, and the pricing and volume commitments at which agreements are renewed;

 

  Ÿ  

clients delaying purchasing decisions in anticipation of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors;

 

  Ÿ  

budgeting cycles of our clients;

 

  Ÿ  

changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors or clients;

 

  Ÿ  

long or delayed implementation times for new clients;

 

  Ÿ  

the amount and timing of operating expenses, particularly research and development and sales and marketing expenses (including commissions and bonuses associated with performance), unforeseen product execution costs, employee benefit expenses and expenses related to the expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;

 

  Ÿ  

changes in the levels of our capital expenditures;

 

  Ÿ  

the amount and timing of costs associated with recruiting, training and integrating new employees; and

 

  Ÿ  

failure to successfully manage any acquisitions or the incurrence of write-downs, impairment charges or unforeseen liabilities in connection with acquisitions.

We may not be able to accurately forecast the amount and mix of future subscriptions, revenue and expenses and, as a result, our operating results may fall below our estimates or the expectations of public market analysts and investors.

 

17


Table of Contents

Because we recognize subscription revenue from our clients over the terms of their agreements and most of the costs associated with such agreements are incurred up front, rapid increases in new clients and expanding sales to existing clients may cause an adverse impact on our short-term operating income and cash flows and may cause our operating results to be difficult to predict.

The majority of our subscription revenue in a quarter is derived from client agreements entered into in previous quarters. Significant selling activity in a quarter may result in little incremental recognized revenue and client cash receipts during that quarter, but results in the recognition of related commissions and sales and company bonuses due to immediate expense recognition. In addition, it takes several months to ramp up a professional services consultant to full productivity and, as a result, we generally must increase our professional services capacity ahead of the recognition of associated professional services revenue, which can result in lower margins in a period of significant hiring. The timing of revenue and expense recognition and associated cash flows may result in an adverse impact on our short-term operating income and cash flows and may also make it more difficult to accurately predict current quarter operating results. The resulting variations in our operating income, earnings per share, cash flows from operating activities and other financial metrics and non-financial metrics could harm the price of our common stock if they do not meet the expectations of the public market, equity research analysts or investors.

Shifts over time in the mix of sizes or types of organizations that purchase our solutions or changes in the types of solutions purchased by our clients could negatively affect our operating results.

Our strategy is to sell our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions to organizations of all sizes. While we serve all of our clients from our single SaaS platform, our profit margins can vary depending on numerous factors, including the number of clients using our SaaS solutions, the complexity and frequency of their use, the level of utilization, the volume of messages sent, the amount of stored data and the level of professional services and support required by a client. For example, because our professional services offerings typically have a higher cost of revenue than subscriptions to our SaaS solutions, any increase in sales of professional services would likely have an adverse effect on our overall gross profit margin and operating results. Enterprise organizations generally require more professional services compared to small businesses and medium-sized companies and, as a result, the overall margin for our enterprise engagements may be lower. We supplement our internal professional services team with third parties to provide professional services, and our goal is to expand these relationships over time. If we are unable to expand our network of third-party service providers, we will likely have to expand our internal team to meet the needs of our clients, which could increase our operating costs and result in lower gross margins. If the mix of organizations that purchase our solutions changes, or the mix of solution components purchased by our clients changes, our profit margins could decrease and our operating results could be adversely affected.

As the number of enterprise clients that we serve increases, we may encounter implementation challenges, and we may have to delay revenue recognition for some complex engagements, which would harm our business and operating results.

We may face unexpected challenges with some enterprise clients or more complicated implementations of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions with such clients. It may be difficult or expensive to implement our SaaS solutions if a client has unexpected data, hardware or software technology challenges, or complex or unanticipated business requirements. In addition, prospective enterprise clients may require acceptance testing related to implementation of our SaaS solutions. Implementation delays may also require us to delay revenue recognition until the technical or implementation requirements have been met. Any difficulties or delays in the initial

 

18


Table of Contents

implementation could cause clients to delay or forego future purchases of our solutions, in which case our business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.

We rely on our management team and other key employees, and the loss of one or more key employees could harm our business.

Our success and future growth depend upon the continued services of our management team and other key employees, including in the areas of research and development, marketing, sales, services and general and administrative functions. From time to time, there may be changes in our management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt our business. We also are dependent on the continued service of our existing development professionals because of the complexity of our solutions. We may terminate any executive officer’s employment at any time, with or without cause, and any executive officer may resign at any time, with or without cause. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our employees. The loss of one or more of our key employees could harm our business.

Because competition for key employees is intense, we may not be able to attract and retain the highly-skilled employees we need to support our operations and future growth.

Competition for executive officers, software developers and other key employees in our industry is intense. In particular, we compete with many other companies for software developers with high levels of experience in designing, developing and managing software, as well as for skilled sales and operations professionals, and we may not be successful in attracting and retaining the professionals we need. Job candidates and existing employees often consider the actual and potential value of the equity awards they receive as part of their overall compensation. Thus, if the perceived value or future value of our stock declines, our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees may be adversely affected. If we fail to attract new employees or fail to retain and motivate our current employees, our business and future growth prospects could be harmed.

We derive a significant portion of our revenue from clients in the retail and e-commerce, media and entertainment, travel and hospitality, financial services and insurance, technology, daily-deal and flash-sale industries, and any downturn in these industries could harm our business.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from clients in the retail and e-commerce, media and entertainment, travel and hospitality, financial services and insurance, technology, daily-deal and flash-sale industries. Any downturn in these industries may cause our clients to reduce their spending on interactive marketing solutions, delay or cancel interactive marketing projects or seek to terminate or renegotiate their contracts with us. Also, the increased pace of consolidation in any of these industries may result in reduced overall spending on our solutions. In particular, if our clients are acquired by entities that are not our clients, that use fewer of our solutions or that choose to discontinue, reduce or change the terms of their use of our solutions, our business and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

Our sales cycle can be unpredictable, time-consuming and expensive, which could harm our business and operating results.

Our sales efforts involve educating prospective clients and our existing clients about the use, technical capabilities and benefits of our solutions. Some clients, particularly in the enterprise market, undertake a prolonged solution-evaluation process, which frequently involves not only our solutions but also those of our competitors. As we continue to pursue enterprise clients, we may face greater costs, longer sales cycles and less predictability in completing such sales. We may spend substantial time, effort and money on our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will produce any sales. It is

 

19


Table of Contents

also difficult to predict the level and timing of sales that come from our indirect sales channel of marketing service providers since these resellers do not exclusively sell our solutions. Events affecting our clients’ businesses may occur during the sales cycle that could affect the size or timing of a purchase, contributing to more unpredictability in our business and operating results.

Uncertain or weakened global economic conditions may adversely affect our industry, business and results of operations.

Our overall performance depends on domestic and worldwide economic conditions, which may remain challenging for the foreseeable future. Financial developments seemingly unrelated to us or to our industry may adversely affect us. The U.S. economy and other key international economies have been impacted by threatened sovereign defaults and ratings downgrades, falling demand for a variety of goods and services, restricted credit, threats to major multinational companies, poor liquidity, reduced corporate profitability, volatility in credit, equity and foreign exchange markets, bankruptcies and overall uncertainty. These conditions affect the rate of information technology spending and could adversely affect our clients’ ability or willingness to purchase our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and services, delay prospective clients’ purchasing decisions, reduce the value or duration of their subscriptions or affect renewal rates, any of which could adversely affect our operating results. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of the economic recovery or any subsequent economic slowdown worldwide, in the United States, or in our industry.

Any violation of our policies or misuse of our SaaS solutions by our clients could damage our reputation and subject us to liability.

Our clients could misuse our SaaS solutions by, among other things, transmitting negative messages or website links to harmful applications, sending unsolicited commercial email, reproducing and distributing copyrighted material without permission, reporting inaccurate or fraudulent data and engaging in illegal activity. Any such use of our suite of SaaS solutions could damage our reputation and could subject us to claims for damages, copyright or trademark infringement, defamation, negligence or fraud. Moreover, our clients may use our SaaS solutions to promote their products and services in violation of federal, state and foreign laws. We rely on contractual representations made to us by our clients that their use of our SaaS solutions will comply with our policies and applicable law, including, without limitation, our Anti-Spam Policy. Although we retain the right to review customer lists and emails to verify that clients are abiding by our Anti-Spam Policy, our clients are ultimately responsible for compliance with our policies, and we do not audit our clients to confirm compliance with our policies.

We cannot predict whether the use of our SaaS solutions would expose us to liability under applicable laws or subject us to other regulatory action. Even if claims asserted against us do not result in liability, we may incur substantial costs in investigating and defending against such claims, or our reputation may be damaged. If we are found liable in connection with our clients’ activities, we could be required to pay fines or penalties, redesign our SaaS solutions or otherwise expend resources to remedy any damages caused by such actions and to avoid future liability.

Federal, state and foreign laws regulating email and text messaging marketing practices impose certain obligations on the senders of commercial emails and text messages, which could reduce the effectiveness of our solutions or increase our operating expenses to the extent these laws subject us to financial penalties.

The Federal Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003 (the “CAN-SPAM Act”) regulates commercial email messages and specifies penalties for the transmission of commercial email messages that are intended to deceive the recipient as to source or content.

 

20


Table of Contents

Among other things, the CAN-SPAM Act obligates each sender of commercial emails to allow recipients to opt-out of receiving future emails from the sender. In addition, the CAN-SPAM Act, regulations implemented by the Federal Communications Commission pursuant to the CAN-SPAM Act and the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (also known as the Federal Do-Not-Call law) prohibit companies from sending specified types of commercial text messages unless the recipient has opted in to the receipt of such text messages.

In addition, some states have passed laws regulating commercial email. In some cases, these laws are significantly more punitive and difficult to comply with than the CAN-SPAM Act. For example, Utah and Michigan have enacted do-not-email registries to protect minors from receiving unsolicited commercial email marketing adult content and other products that minors are prohibited from obtaining. Whether such state laws are preempted in whole or in part by the CAN-SPAM Act is uncertain. Furthermore, certain foreign jurisdictions, such as Australia, Canada and the European Union, have also enacted laws that regulate email. Some of these laws are more restrictive than U.S. laws.

As Internet commerce continues to evolve and grow, increasing regulation by federal, state or foreign governments may become more likely. Federal, state or foreign jurisdictions may in the future enact laws or regulations restricting the ability to conduct interactive marketing through mobile, social media and web channels. The cost to comply with such laws or regulations could be significant and would increase our operating expenses. We may be unable to pass along those costs to our clients in the form of increased subscription fees. If such restrictions require us to change one or more aspects of the way we operate our business, it could impair our ability to attract and retain clients or otherwise harm our business.

Noncompliance with any existing or future laws and regulations may subject us to significant financial penalties. If we are found to have violated these laws or regulations or if our clients are found to have violated these laws or regulations, we could be required to pay penalties, which would adversely affect our financial performance and harm our reputation and our business.

Regulation of the Internet and the lack of certainty regarding the application of existing laws to the Internet could substantially harm our operating results and business.

We are subject to laws and regulations applicable to doing business over the Internet. It is often not clear how existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, sales and other taxes, libel and personal privacy apply to the Internet, as these laws have in some cases failed to keep pace with technological change. Recently-enacted laws governing the Internet could also impact our business. For instance, existing and future regulations on taxing Internet use or restricting the exchange of information over the Internet could result in reduced growth or a decline in the use of the Internet and could diminish the viability of our services. Furthermore, it is possible that governments of one or more countries may censor, limit or block certain users’ access to websites or other social media services. Changing industry standards and industry self regulation regarding the collection, use and disclosure of certain data may have similar effects. Any such adverse legal or regulatory developments could substantially harm our operating results and our business.

If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology and intellectual property, our business could be adversely affected.

Our success is dependent upon our ability to protect our proprietary technology and intellectual property, which may require us to incur significant costs. We rely on a combination of confidentiality obligations in contracts, patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secret laws and other contractual restrictions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. In particular, we enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with all of our employees and consultants and

 

21


Table of Contents

enter into confidentiality agreements with the parties with whom we have business relationships in which they will have access to our confidential information. No assurance can be given that these agreements or other steps we take to protect our intellectual property will be effective in controlling access to and distribution of our solutions and our confidential and proprietary information. We will not be able to protect our intellectual property if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized uses of our intellectual property. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for third parties to copy our solutions and use information that we regard as proprietary to create products and services that compete with ours. Third parties may also independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our solutions. Some license provisions protecting against unauthorized use, copying, transfer and disclosure of our solutions may be unenforceable under the laws of certain jurisdictions and foreign countries. Further, the laws of some countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying and use of our solutions and proprietary information may increase.

In some cases, litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights or to protect our trade secrets. Litigation could be costly, time consuming and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights and exposing us to significant damages or injunctions. Our inability to protect our proprietary technology against unauthorized copying or use, as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management’s attention and resources, could delay sales or the implementation of our solutions, impair the functionality of our solutions, delay introductions of new solutions, result in our substituting less-advanced or more-costly technologies into our solutions or harm our reputation. In addition, we may be required to license additional technology from third parties to develop and market new solutions, and we cannot assure you that we could license that technology on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

We cannot be certain that any patents will be issued with respect to our current or potential patent applications.

To date, we have eight patent applications pending in one or more jurisdictions and no issued patents. We do not know whether any of our patent applications will result in the issuance of patents or whether the examination process will require us to narrow the scope of our claims. To the extent any of our applications proceed to issuance as a patent, any such future patent may be opposed, contested, circumvented, designed around by a third party or found to be invalid or unenforceable. The process of seeking patent protection can be lengthy and expensive. Some of our technology is not covered by any patent or patent application.

We have entered into a non-exclusive license that allows us to utilize methods covered by a business process patent held by a third party in providing our solutions, and our inability to maintain that license could have a material adverse effect on the functionality of our solutions, which would adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.

We have entered into a license agreement with Hula Holdings, LLC and Subscribermail, LLC (which was acquired by Harland Clarke Corp. in 2010) under which we have a non-exclusive license to use methods covered by a patent owned by Hula Holdings, LLC and licensed to Subscribermail, LLC for multi-level email methodology. The license will survive for the term of the patent, which will expire in 2021. If we were to lose the license for any reason, the functionality of our solutions may decline, which would have a material adverse effect on our revenue, financial condition and results of operations. Because the license is non-exclusive, our competitors may have access to this methodology.

 

22


Table of Contents

We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights.

The software industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property and proprietary rights. Companies in our industry are often required to defend against litigation claims based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. Our technologies may not be able to withstand any third-party claims or rights against their use. As a result, our success depends upon our not infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others. Our competitors, as well as a number of other entities and individuals, may own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our industry. From time to time, we have received threatening letters or notices or may be the subject of claims that our solutions and underlying technology infringe or violate the intellectual property rights of others, and we may be found to be infringing upon such rights.

Any claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, prevent us from offering our solutions or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.

Indemnity provisions in our subscription agreements potentially expose us to substantial liability for intellectual property infringement and other losses.

In our subscription agreements with our clients, we typically agree to indemnify our clients against any losses or costs incurred in connection with claims by a third party alleging that a client’s use of our services infringes the intellectual property rights of the third party, unless such infringement relates to use of our services in combination with other software not provided by us, arises from modifications not authorized by us or results from continued use by the client after notification by us. Companies in the software industry, including those that provide SaaS solutions, frequently face infringement threats from non-practicing organizations (sometimes referred to as “patent trolls”) filing lawsuits for patent infringement. Two of our clients have notified us of claims brought against them for infringement by such a patent troll and have requested indemnification or indicated that they may seek redress from us under the indemnification provisions of our contracts with them. Other clients facing infringement claims who are accused of infringement may in the future seek indemnification from us under the terms of our contracts. If such claims are successful, or if we are required to indemnify or defend our clients from these or other claims, these matters could be disruptive to our business and management and have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We use open source software in our solutions, which may subject us to litigation or other actions that could adversely affect our business.

We use open source software in our solutions and may use more open source software in the future. In the past, companies that incorporate open source software into their products have faced claims challenging the ownership of open source software or compliance with open source license terms. Therefore, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software or claiming noncompliance with open source licensing terms. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute open source software as part of their software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software or make available any derivative works of the open source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost. If we were to use open source software subject to such licenses, we could be required to release our proprietary source code, pay damages, re-engineer our applications, discontinue sales or take other remedial action, any of which could adversely affect our business.

 

23


Table of Contents

Our inability to acquire and integrate other businesses, products or technologies could harm our operating results.

Since 2009, we have acquired our social media management and engagement platform and three international software reseller partners. We may in the future acquire or invest in businesses, products or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our existing solutions, expand our client base and operations worldwide, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth or cost-saving opportunities. We have limited experience in successfully acquiring and integrating businesses, products and technologies. If we identify an appropriate acquisition candidate, we may not be successful in negotiating the terms of the acquisition, financing the acquisition or effectively integrating the acquired business, product or technology into our existing business and operations. Our due diligence may fail to identify all of the problems, liabilities or other shortcomings or challenges of an acquired business, product or technology, including issues related to intellectual property, product quality or product architecture, regulatory compliance practices, revenue recognition or other accounting practices, or employee or customer issues.

Additionally, in connection with any acquisitions we complete, we may not achieve the synergies or other benefits we expected to achieve, and we may incur write-downs, impairment charges or unforeseen liabilities that could negatively affect our operating results or financial position or could otherwise harm our business. If we finance acquisitions by issuing convertible debt or equity securities, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders may be diluted, which could adversely affect the market price of our stock. Further, contemplating or completing an acquisition and integrating an acquired business, product or technology could divert management and employee time and resources from other matters.

If we are unable to integrate our SaaS solutions with certain third-party applications, the functionality of our solutions could be adversely affected.

The functionality of our solutions depends on our ability to integrate them with third-party applications and data management systems used by our clients to obtain consumer data. In addition, we rely on access to third-party APIs to provide our social media channel offerings through social media platforms. Third-party providers of marketing applications and APIs may change the features of their applications and platforms, restrict our access to their applications and platforms or alter the terms governing use of their applications and APIs and access to those applications and platforms in a manner adverse to us. Such changes could limit our ability to integrate or could prevent us from integrating our software with these third-party applications and platforms, which could impair the functionality of our software and harm our business. Further, if we fail to integrate our software with new third-party applications and platforms that our clients use for marketing purposes, or if we fail to adapt to the data transfer requirements of such third-party applications and platforms, demand for our solutions could decrease, which would harm our business and operating results.

The market forecasts included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the markets in which we compete achieve the forecasted growth, we cannot assure you that our business will grow at similar rates, or at all.

The market forecasts included in this prospectus, including the forecasts by Forrester and Gartner, Inc. (“Gartner”), are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. This risk also applies to forecasts of anticipated spending on interactive marketing channels. Market data and forecasts relating to international spending on interactive marketing are even more limited than data for the U.S. market. If the forecasts of market growth or anticipated spending prove to be inaccurate, our business and growth prospects could be adversely affected. Even if the forecasted growth occurs, our business may not grow at a similar rate,

 

24


Table of Contents

or at all. Our future growth is subject to many factors, including our ability to successfully implement our business strategy, which itself is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, the forecasts and market data in this prospectus should not be taken as indicative of our future growth.

We may not be able to utilize a significant portion of our net operating loss carry-forwards, which could adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

As of September 30, 2011, we had $25.9 million of net operating loss carry-forwards and $4.4 million of net operating loss carry-forwards from unrecognized stock option exercise deductions. Utilization of these net operating loss carry-forwards depends on many factors, including our future income, which cannot be assured. Our loss carry-forwards begin to expire in 2029. In addition, Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code generally imposes an annual limitation on the amount of net operating loss carry-forwards that may be used to offset taxable income when a corporation has undergone significant changes in stock ownership. Although we have undergone one or more ownership changes as a result of prior financings, we believe that any such change in ownership and the corresponding annual limitation likely will not prevent us from using our current net operating losses in any significant or material way. However, future ownership changes, including an ownership change in connection with this offering, or future regulatory changes could limit our ability to utilize our net operating loss carry-forwards. To the extent we are not be able to offset our future income against our net operating loss carry-forwards, this would adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

Tax laws or regulations could be enacted or existing laws could be applied to us or our clients, which could increase the costs of our solutions and adversely impact our business.

The application of federal, state, local and international tax laws to services and products provided electronically is evolving. New income, sales, use or other tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be enacted at any time (possibly with retroactive effect), and could be applied solely or disproportionately to services and products provided over the Internet or via email, which could discourage the use of the Internet and email as a means of commercial marketing, adversely affecting the viability of our solutions. These enactments could adversely affect our sales activity due to the inherent cost increase the taxes would represent and ultimately result in a negative impact on our operating results and cash flows.

In addition, existing tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to us (possibly with retroactive effect), which could require us or our clients to pay additional tax amounts, as well as require us or our clients to pay fines or penalties and interest for past amounts. If we are unsuccessful in collecting such taxes from our clients, we could be held liable for such costs, thereby adversely impacting our operating results and cash flows.

As a public company, our business will be subject to regulations regarding corporate governance, disclosure controls, internal control over financial reporting and other compliance areas that will increase both our costs and the risk of noncompliance with applicable laws.

After the completion of this offering, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and the rules and regulations of the stock market on which our common stock is traded. Being subject to these rules and regulations will increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, will make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and costly and may also place significant additional strain on our personnel, systems and resources.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. Commencing with our fiscal year

 

25


Table of Contents

ending December 31, 2013, we must perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal controls over financial reporting to allow management and our independent registered public accounting firm to report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting in our Form 10-K filing for such year, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This will require that we incur substantial accounting expense and expend significant management efforts. Prior to this offering, we have never been required to test our internal controls within a specified period, and, as a result, we may experience difficulty in meeting these reporting requirements in a timely manner, particularly if material weaknesses or significant deficiencies are found.

If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the stock exchange on which our common stock is listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities.

There may be limitations on the effectiveness of our controls and the failure of our control systems may materially and adversely impact us.

We do not expect that disclosure controls or internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, will be detected.

Implementing any required changes to our disclosure controls or internal controls may require specific compliance training of our directors, officers and employees, entail substantial costs to modify our existing accounting systems and take a significant period of time to complete. Such changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our controls. Failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. In the event that our disclosure controls or internal controls are perceived as inadequate or that we are unable to produce timely or accurate financial statements, investors may lose confidence in our operating results which could cause our stock price to decline.

Changes in financial accounting standards or practices may cause adverse, unexpected financial reporting fluctuations and affect our reported results of operations.

Financial accounting standards may change or their interpretation may change. A change in accounting standards or practices can have a significant effect on our reported results and may even affect our reporting of transactions completed before the change becomes effective. Changes to existing rules or the re-examining of current practices may adversely affect our reported financial results or the way we conduct our business. Accounting for revenue from sales of our solutions is particularly complex, is often the subject of intense scrutiny by the SEC, and will evolve as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) continues to consider applicable accounting standards in this area.

We may not be able to secure sufficient additional financing on favorable terms, or at all, to meet our future capital needs.

In the future, we may require additional capital to pursue business opportunities or acquisitions or respond to challenges and unforeseen circumstances. We may also decide to engage in equity or debt financings or enter into credit facilities for other reasons. We may not be able to secure additional debt

 

26


Table of Contents

or equity financing in a timely manner, on favorable terms, or at all. Any debt financing obtained by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. After this offering, the holders of an aggregate of                  shares of our common stock outstanding as of                  will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or our stockholders. If these holders exercise such registration rights and require us to include their shares in a registration statement that we propose to file, and the managing underwriter advises us that the inclusion of all shares requested by the holders would interfere with the successful marketing of the securities in such registration, the securities to be included in such registration are to be allocated to the holders first and the number of shares we propose to sell would be reduced. As a result, we may not be able to obtain adequate financing from the public offering.

Catastrophic events may disrupt our business.

We rely heavily on our network infrastructure and information technology systems for our business operations. A disruption or failure of these systems in the event of a tornado, earthquake, fire, cyber-attack, terrorist attack, power loss, telecommunications failure or other similar catastrophic event could cause system interruptions, delays in the delivery of our clients’ interactive marketing communications, reputational harm and loss of critical data or could prevent us from providing our interactive marketing solutions to our clients. Our system hardware is co-located in two data centers operated by third parties in Indianapolis, Indiana and Las Vegas, Nevada. A third data center in Indianapolis is planned for operation in the fourth quarter of 2011. A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of any of these data centers, or our network infrastructure or information technology systems, could affect our ability to conduct normal business operations and adversely affect our operating results.

Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock

There has been no prior market for our common stock, our stock price may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the initial public offering price, if at all.

There has been no public market for our common stock prior to this offering. The initial public offering price for our common stock will be determined through negotiations between the underwriters and us and may be different from the market price of our common stock following this offering. If you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you may not be able to resell those shares at or above the initial public offering price, or at all. An active or liquid market in our common stock may not develop upon the closing of this offering or, if it does develop, it may not be sustainable, which could adversely affect your ability to sell your shares and could depress the market price of our common stock. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other risk factors described herein, these factors include:

 

  Ÿ  

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our revenue and other operating results;

 

  Ÿ  

the financial guidance we may provide to the public, any changes in such guidance, our failure to meet any such guidance or any changes in analysts’ recommendations;

 

  Ÿ  

announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;

 

  Ÿ  

changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of software or other technology companies, particularly companies in our industry;

 

27


Table of Contents
  Ÿ  

the addition or loss of significant clients;

 

  Ÿ  

fluctuations in the trading volume of our common stock or the size of our public float;

 

  Ÿ  

announcements by us with regard to the effectiveness of our internal controls and our ability to accurately report our financial results;

 

  Ÿ  

price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market, including as a result of trends in the economy as a whole;

 

  Ÿ  

general economic, legal, regulatory and market conditions unrelated to our performance;

 

  Ÿ  

lawsuits threatened or filed against us; and

 

  Ÿ  

other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism or responses to these events.

If the market price of our common stock after this offering does not exceed the initial public offering price, you may not realize any return on your investment in our common stock and may lose some or all of your investment. In addition, the stock markets have experienced extreme fluctuations in price and trading volume that have caused and will likely continue to cause the stock prices of many technology companies to fluctuate in a manner unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. In the past, stockholders have instituted securities class action litigation following periods of declining stock prices. If we were to become involved in securities litigation, we could face substantial costs and be forced to divert resources and the attention of management from our business, which could adversely affect our business.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will depend on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. Securities analysts do not currently cover our business and may never do so. Industry analysts that currently cover us may cease to do so. If no securities analysts commence coverage of our company, or if industry analysts cease to cover our company, the trading price of our stock could decline. In the event one or more securities analysts begin to cover our company, a downgrade of our stock or the publication of inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business would likely cause our stock price to decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover our company or fail to publish reports about us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that they might occur, could reduce the price that our common stock might otherwise attain and may dilute your voting power and your ownership interest in us.

The price of our common stock could decline if there are substantial sales of our common stock, particularly sales by our directors, executive officers and significant stockholders, or if there is a large number of shares of our common stock available for sale. After this offering, there will be outstanding                  shares of our common stock, based on the number of shares outstanding as of                     . This includes the                  shares that we are selling in this offering, which may be resold in the public market immediately. The remaining                  outstanding shares after this offering are currently restricted as a result of market standoff agreements. In addition, certain of these shares are also subject to lock-up agreements, as more fully described in “Underwriting.” In each case, these shares will become sellable 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to extension in some circumstances. Shares held by directors, executive officers and other affiliates will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and various vesting agreements in some cases.

 

28


Table of Contents

After this offering, the holders of an aggregate of                  shares of our common stock outstanding as of                      will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or our stockholders. For a more detailed description of these registration rights, see “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights.” All of these shares are subject to market standoff or lock-up agreements restricting their sale for 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to extension in some circumstances. We also intend to file registration statements covering the shares of common stock that we have issued and may issue under our employee equity incentive plans. Once these registration statements are filed, these shares will be able to be sold freely in the public market upon issuance, subject to existing market standoff or lock-up agreements. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated acting together may, in their sole discretion, permit our officers, directors, employees and current stockholders who are subject to the contractual lock-up to sell shares prior to the expiration of the lock-up agreements. See “Underwriting” for more information.

We may issue shares of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock from time to time in connection with financings, acquisitions, investments or otherwise. Any such issuance could result in ownership dilution to our existing stockholders and cause the trading price of our common stock to decline.

We have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion to use the net proceeds of this offering for a variety of purposes, including, but not limited to, repayment of debt, general corporate purposes, working capital, sales and marketing activities, general and administrative matters, capital expenditures and potential acquisitions. We may spend or invest these proceeds in a way with which our stockholders disagree. Failure by our management to effectively use these funds could harm our business and financial condition. Until the net proceeds are used, they may be placed in investments that do not yield a favorable return to our investors, do not produce significant income or lose value.

Delaware law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could delay or discourage takeover attempts that our stockholders may consider favorable.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, as they will be in effect upon the closing of this offering, may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. These provisions include the following:

 

  Ÿ  

our board of directors is divided into three classes serving staggered three-year terms;

 

  Ÿ  

our board of directors has the right to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of the board of directors or due to the resignation or departure of an existing board member;

 

  Ÿ  

our directors are not elected by cumulative voting; cumulative voting would allow less than a majority of stockholders to elect director candidates;

 

  Ÿ  

advance notice of nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at a stockholders meeting is required;

 

  Ÿ  

our board of directors may alter our bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval;

 

  Ÿ  

our board of directors may issue, without stockholder approval, up to                      shares of preferred stock with terms set by the board of directors, certain rights of which could be senior to those of our common stock;

 

29


Table of Contents
  Ÿ  

stockholders do not have the right to call a special meeting of stockholders and to take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting;

 

  Ÿ  

approval of at least two thirds of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors is required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provision inconsistent with, our amended and restated bylaws or the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation regarding the election and removal of directors; and

 

  Ÿ  

directors may be removed from office only for cause.

In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”). In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for three years following the time that such stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes, among other things, a merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or did own, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock.

These provisions may prohibit large stockholders, particularly those owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, from merging or combining with us. These provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws and the DGCL could discourage potential takeover attempts, could reduce the price that investors are willing to pay for shares of our common stock in the future and could potentially result in the market price of our common stock being lower than it otherwise would be.

Our directors, executive officers and principal stockholders will continue to have substantial control over our company after this offering and could delay or prevent a change in corporate control.

After this offering, our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 5% of our common stock, together with their affiliates, will beneficially own, in the aggregate,     % of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders, acting together, would have the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. In addition, these stockholders, acting together, would have the ability to control our management and affairs. Accordingly, this concentration of ownership might harm the market price of our common stock by:

 

  Ÿ  

delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company;

 

  Ÿ  

impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us; or

 

  Ÿ  

discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. Our existing credit facilities prohibit us from paying dividends, and any future financing agreements may also restrict our ability to pay dividends. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not expect to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, you may only receive a return on your investment in our common stock if the market price of our common stock increases.

 

30


Table of Contents

If you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will experience substantial and immediate dilution.

The initial public offering price of our common stock will be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock following this offering. Therefore, if you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will experience immediate dilution of $         per share, the difference between the price per share you pay for our common stock and the pro forma net tangible book value per share as of                 , after giving effect to the issuance of                  shares of our common stock in this offering. See “Dilution.” This dilution is due in large part to the fact that our earlier investors paid substantially less than the initial public offering price when they purchased their shares of our capital stock.

 

31


Table of Contents

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus includes forward-looking statements. All statements contained in this prospectus are forward-looking statements, except for statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, and statements that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will exist or may occur in the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by various forms of words such as “believe,” “may,” “might,” “could,” “will,” “should,” “seek,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “project,” “intend,” “deliver,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goals,” “objectives,” “targets,” “plans,” “potential,” “scheduled” or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations, objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described under “Risk Factors.” Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment where new risks emerge from time to time. Our management cannot predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In addition to causing our actual results to differ, such risks and factors may cause our intentions to change from those statements of intention set forth in this prospectus. Such changes in our intentions may also cause our results to differ. We may change our intentions at any time and without notice based upon changes in such factors, our assumptions or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements set forth above. Given the uncertainties and risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement, we caution investors not to unduly rely on our forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We disclaim any obligation to and do not intend to update any forward-looking statements or to announce publicly the result of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments, except to the extent required by applicable laws. If we update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

 

 

32


Table of Contents

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

This prospectus contains estimates and information concerning our industry, including market position, market size and growth rates of the markets in which we participate, that are based on industry publications and reports, including those generated by Forrester, the Direct Marketing Association and Gartner. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to these estimates as there is no assurance that any of them will be achieved. Although we have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in these industry publications and reports, based on our industry experience we believe that the publications and reports are reliable and that the conclusions contained in the publications and reports are reasonable. A variety of factors, including those described under “Risk Factors,” could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these publications and reports.

The statement in this prospectus attributable to Gartner represents data published as part of a syndicated subscription service, by Gartner, and is not a representation of fact. Such statement speaks as of its original publication date (and not as of the date of this prospectus) and the opinions expressed in Gartner publications are subject to change without notice.

 

33


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the sale of                  shares of our common stock in this offering will be approximately $         million, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, we estimate that our net proceeds will be approximately $         million. A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $         per share would increase or decrease the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $         million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as indicated on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

The principal purposes of this offering are to create a public market for our common stock, obtain additional capital, facilitate our future access to the public equity markets, increase awareness of our company among potential clients and improve our competitive position. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering primarily for general corporate purposes, such as expanding our sales and marketing teams, international operations, product development efforts and general and administrative functions, as well as for working capital. Additionally, we may choose to expand our business through acquisitions of or investments in other businesses, products or technologies, using cash or shares of our common stock. However, we have no commitments with respect to any such acquisitions or investments at this time. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to repay our term loan and revolving line of credit.

Pending the use of the proceeds from this offering, we intend to invest the proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not intend to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends on our capital stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors that our board of directors considers relevant. Our existing credit facility currently prohibits our payment of dividends.

 

34


Table of Contents

CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of September 30, 2011:

 

  Ÿ  

on an actual basis;

 

  Ÿ  

on a pro forma basis to give effect to the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our preferred stock into              shares of common stock; and

 

  Ÿ  

on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to (1) the issuance and sale by us of          shares of common stock in this offering, and the receipt of the net proceeds from our sale of these shares at an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share, the midpoint of the range listed on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and (2) the amendment and restatement of our certificate of incorporation in connection with this offering.

You should read this table in conjunction with the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     As of September 30, 2011  
     Actual     Pro Forma      Pro Forma
As Adjusted
 
     (in thousands, except shares)  
     (unaudited)  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 29,550      $         $                    

Debt:

       

Revolving line of credit

     10,000        

Term loan, current and long-term portions

     7,500        
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total debt

     17,500        

Redeemable convertible preferred stock:

       

Redeemable convertible preferred stock; at respective redemption value: 4,912,646 shares authorized and 4,912,646 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares authorized, issued or outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted

     63,000        

Stockholders’ equity:

       

Common stock; $0.001 par value: 35,000,000 shares authorized and 4,482,140 shares issued and outstanding, actual;          shares authorized and          shares issued and outstanding, pro forma;          shares authorized and          shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted

     5        

Additional paid-in capital

     14,776        

Preferred stock; at respective issuance date fair value: 16,554,573 shares authorized and 16,554,573 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares authorized, issued or outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted

     124,921        

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (1,014     

Accumulated deficit

     (139,993     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     (1,305     
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 79,195      $                       
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

35


Table of Contents

DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after completion of this offering. Pro forma net tangible book value dilution per share to new investors represents the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after completion of this offering.

Our pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) as of September 30, 2011 before giving effect to this offering was $         million, or $         per share, based on the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2011, assuming the conversion of all outstanding shares of our preferred stock as of                  into          shares of our common stock.

After giving effect to our sale of shares of common stock in this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of $         per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2011 would have been $         million, or $         per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $         per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $         per share to new investors in our common stock in this offering, as illustrated in the following table:

 

Assumed initial public offering price per share

      $            

Pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of September 30, 2011, before giving effect to this offering

   $               

Increase in pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) per share attributable to new investors in this offering

     
  

 

 

    

Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering

     

Dilution per share to new investors in this offering

     
     

 

 

 

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share will be $         per share, the increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share to existing stockholders will be $         per share and the dilution per share to new investors purchasing shares in this offering will be $         per share.

The following table presents, on a pro forma basis as of September 30, 2011, after giving effect to our sale of                  shares of common stock in this offering and the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock as of                  into          shares of common stock, the differences between our existing stockholders and the new investors in this offering with respect to the number of shares of our common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid to us and the average price paid per share:

 

     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average
Price

Per Share
 
       Number        Percent         Amount          Percent      

Existing stockholders

                   $                             $            

New investors

            
  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

        100   $                  100  
  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Except as otherwise indicated, the above discussion and tables assume no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock in full, our existing stockholders will own     % and our new investors will own     % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering.

 

36


Table of Contents

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected consolidated financial data included in this section are not intended to replace our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2009 and 2010, were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this prospectus. The unaudited consolidated statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, and the unaudited consolidated balance sheet data as of September 30, 2011, were derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited consolidated financial statements on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and have included, in our opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of the financial information set forth in those statements. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our future results, and our interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year or for any other period.

 

37


Table of Contents
    Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2006     2007     2008     2009     2010     2010     2011  
                                  (unaudited)  
    (in thousands, except share and per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

             

Revenue

  $ 31,175      $ 48,005      $ 72,342      $ 95,443      $ 134,267      $ 95,276      $ 147,985   

Cost of revenue(1)

    8,068        12,236        20,094        30,772        43,894        31,013        49,595   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

    23,107        35,769        52,248        64,671        90,373        64,263        98,390   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

             

Sales and marketing(1)

    13,150        19,991        28,397        39,276        63,978        42,986        68,224   

Research and development(1)

    4,801        8,114        9,901        14,845        27,400        18,699        30,151   

General and administrative(1)

    2,415        3,662        7,436        13,397        17,159        11,979        18,082   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    20,366        31,767        45,734        67,518        108,537        73,664        116,457   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

    2,741        4,002        6,514        (2,847     (18,164     (9,401     (18,067

Other income (expense), net

    453        151        34        75        (53     30        (683
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes

    3,194        4,153        6,548        (2,772     (18,217     (9,371     (18,750

Income tax expense (benefit)

    (3,285     1,691        2,989        (777     (6,127     (3,349     10,540   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    6,479        2,462        3,559        (1,995     (12,090     (6,022     (29,290

Adjustment for redemption of preferred stock

    (724     (88     —          (58,601     —          —          —     

Preferred stock dividend

    (420     (224     —          (490     —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

  $ 5,335      $ 2,150      $ 3,559      $ (61,086   $ (12,090   $ (6,022   $ (29,290
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per common share:

             

Basic

  $ 0.83      $ 0.42      $ 0.68      $ (11.73   $ (3.03   $ (1.53   $ (6.76

Diluted

  $ 0.30      $ 0.12      $ 0.17      $ (11.73   $ (3.03   $ (1.53   $ (6.76

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—basic

    6,439,581        5,163,372        5,234,463        5,208,696        3,989,152        3,934,577        4,332,319   

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—diluted

    19,305,431        20,169,357        20,359,647        5,208,696        3,989,152        3,934,577        4,332,319   

 

(1) Cost of revenue and operating expenses include the following amounts related to stock-based compensation:

 

    Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2006     2007     2008     2009     2010     2010     2011  
                                 

(unaudited)

 
    (in thousands)  

Cost of revenue

  $ 22      $ 57      $ 215      $ 416      $ 664      $ 483      $ 798   

Sales and marketing

    40        79        320        813        1,413        852        1,644   

Research and development

    44        149        257        528        1,147        854        1,010   

General and administrative

    7        64        191        1,589        1,201        783        1,490   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

  $             113      $             349      $             983      $          3,346      $          4,425      $          2,972      $          4,942   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

    As of December 31,     As of September 30,  
    2006     2007     2008     2009     2010     2011  
          (unaudited)  
    (in thousands)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

  $          4,940      $          4,246      $          4,968      $        34,342      $        22,804      $        29,550   

Working capital (deficit)

    (138     (1,233     (2,425     26,027        305        1,672   

Total assets

    22,097        32,459        43,171        94,326        122,957        154,735   

Total liabilities

    14,944        22,351        26,659        39,256        66,554        93,040   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

    11,536        11,760        11,760        33,038        33,038        63,000   

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

    (4,383     (1,652     4,752        22,032        23,365        (1,305

 

38


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations. Factors that could cause such differences include those described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to 2008, 2009 and 2010 mean our fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, 2009 or 2010, as applicable.

Overview

We are a leading global provider of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions that empower organizations of all sizes to communicate with their customers through the interactive channels they use most — email, mobile, social media and websites. Our solutions provide marketers with a broad and powerful suite of integrated applications to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven interactive marketing campaigns and real-time communications to drive customer engagement, increase sales and improve their return on marketing investment. Our direct client base consisted of over 4,600 organizations as of September 30, 2011. Our revenue is distributed across clients ranging from enterprises to small businesses in numerous industries, including retail and e-commerce, media and entertainment, travel and hospitality, financial services and insurance, technology, daily-deal and flash-sale and marketing service providers. Our direct client base includes more than 500 marketing service providers that extend our global sales distribution by reselling our solutions to several thousand additional organizations.

We provide our solutions primarily through annual and multi-year subscriptions based on the volume of contracted utilization, level of functionality, number of interactive marketing channels, number of users and level of customer support. Clients are charged additional usage-based fees for utilization above the contracted level. Our subscription-based model and track record of long-term client relationships have allowed us to achieve annual dollar-based subscription revenue renewal rates of over 100% in 2009 and 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and provide us significant revenue visibility.

We believe that the demand for cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions is significant and growing, driven by organizations’ desire to develop a unified, cross-channel view of their customers to drive real-time, relevant engagement through email, mobile, social media and websites. We anticipate that organizations will continue to increase their use of cross-channel marketing SaaS solutions to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven interactive marketing campaigns and real-time communications. We believe the market for our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions will become larger as organizations adopt cross-channel, interactive marketing. We also believe significant opportunity exists in new markets worldwide that are unserved or underserved by existing providers. We intend to increase our direct global presence in international markets to serve our multinational clients and win new clients in these markets. We also believe opportunities to acquire companies and technologies to expand the functionality of our solutions will emerge, providing access to new clients or markets, or both, although we have no agreements or understandings regarding future acquisitions at this time.

We face a number of risks in the execution of our strategy, including our potential failure to manage our domestic and international growth effectively, inability to attract new clients and retain existing clients, inability to achieve and sustain profitability and the overall impact of uncertain

 

39


Table of Contents

economic conditions. Due to the size and expected growth of the market opportunity, we recognize that we may face increased competition from established vendors and potential new entrants in our markets. We believe the expansion of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and the introduction of our Interactive Marketing Hub have been important in winning new clients and cross selling into our existing client base. While email continues to be the primary interactive marketing channel for our clients and represents a substantial majority of our total revenue, revenue from our mobile, social media and sites solutions is growing rapidly.

We were founded in December 2000, and initially focused on providing email marketing solutions to small and medium-sized clients. Since that time, we have expanded our solutions offerings to serve the enterprise market. In 2007, we broadened our product strategy to expand beyond email into emerging cross-channel, interactive marketing technologies such as mobile, landing pages and microsites. In 2010, we further expanded our cross-channel, interactive marketing capabilities with the acquisition of the enterprise social media management platform, CoTweet. Additionally, we continued to develop and improve our proprietary, cloud-based platform, expanding our integration framework to enable third-party marketing technology providers to embed our technology into their solutions and build applications on our platform. In 2011, we made our Interactive Marketing Hub generally available to clients, providing a broad and powerful suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions to plan, automate, deliver and optimize data-driven, interactive marketing campaigns and real-time communications.

We have achieved 43 consecutive quarters of sequential revenue growth since our inception in December 2000. In 2008, 2009 and 2010, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our revenue was $72.3 million, $95.4 million, $134.3 million and $148.0 million, respectively, representing period-over-period growth of 51%, 32%, 41% and 55%, respectively. We were profitable for the first time during the year ended December 31, 2006 and recorded operating income between 8% and 9% of revenue each year from 2006 through 2008. In 2009, we raised significant private capital and implemented a strategy focused on increased investments in sales, marketing, research and development activities and international expansion. This investment strategy has accelerated our revenue growth and has also resulted in operating losses. We have established a direct presence in international markets through acquisitions of resellers in the United Kingdom, Australia and Brazil, and subsequent investments in each of these operations. In August 2009, we acquired a reseller in the United Kingdom, allowing us to directly support clients in Europe including many of our U.S.-headquartered clients doing business in the region. In August 2010, we acquired an Australian reseller to extend our ability to support multinational clients in the Asia-Pacific region. In August 2011, we acquired a reseller in Sao Paulo, Brazil, to support clients in Latin America and to expand our sales in the region. Revenue from outside the United States as a percentage of total revenue was 5%, 6%, 8% and 12% in 2008, 2009, 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. As a result of our increased investment strategy initiated in 2009, our cash flows from operations decreased from $12.9 million in 2008 to $6.7 million, $3.6 million and $1.8 million in 2009, 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. We intend to continue to expand our direct and indirect sales channels, expand our global reach, extend our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and increase revenue from new and existing clients.

 

40


Table of Contents

Key Metrics

We use certain key metrics to evaluate and manage our business. The following table sets forth our recurring subscription revenue, subscription revenue renewal rate and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008      2009     2010     2010     2011  
                        (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except renewal rate)  

Recurring subscription revenue(1)

   $ 53,797       $ 75,231      $ 106,412      $ 76,086      $ 114,918   

Subscription revenue renewal rate(2)

     n/a         106     109     108     110

Adjusted EBITDA(3)

   $ 12,249       $ 7,723      $ (2,769   $ 1,272      $ (892

 

(1) Recurring subscription revenue excludes revenue related to utilization above our clients’ contracted volume levels of $8.7 million, $7.9 million and $9.1 million in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and $6.5 million and $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively.
(2) Subscription revenue renewal rate calculation was not available prior to the third quarter of 2009.
(3) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data” for a reconciliation from net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA.

Recurring Subscription Revenue.    As a SaaS provider, we monitor recurring subscription revenue to measure our success in executing our strategy to increase the adoption of our SaaS solutions and expand our recurring revenue streams attributable to these solutions. We expect our recurring subscription revenue to remain the most significant portion of our total revenue although its percentage of total revenue may vary from period to period due to a number of factors, including the amount of revenue recognized from utilization above the contracted level and the timing of recognition of professional services revenue. We define recurring subscription revenue as the total amount of contractually-committed subscription revenue under each of our client agreements, which excludes revenue related to utilization above the contracted level.

Subscription Revenue Renewal Rate.    Our ability to retain our clients and expand their use of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions over time is an indicator of the stability of our revenue base and the long-term value of our client relationships. We assess our performance in this area using a metric we refer to as our subscription revenue renewal rate. This metric is calculated by dividing (a) total subscription revenue (including revenue related to messaging utilization above our clients’ contracted levels) in the current period from those clients who were clients during the prior year period, including additional sales to those clients, by (b) total subscription revenue (including revenue related to messaging utilization above our clients’ contracted levels) from all clients in the prior year period. This metric is calculated on a quarterly basis and, for periods longer than one quarter, we use an average of the quarterly metrics.

Adjusted EBITDA.    We monitor Adjusted EBITDA because we believe this measure provides important supplemental information regarding our operating performance and is often used by investors and analysts in their evaluation of companies such as ours. In addition, we use Adjusted EBITDA as a measurement of our operating performance because it assists us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis by removing the impact of certain non-cash and non-operating items. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before (1) other (income) expense, which includes interest income, interest expense and other income and expense, (2) income tax expense (benefit), (3) depreciation and amortization of property and equipment, (4) amortization of intangible assets and (5) stock-based compensation. This non-GAAP financial measure is used in addition to and in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP and should not be relied

 

41


Table of Contents

upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBITDA reflects an additional way of viewing aspects of our operations that we believe, when viewed with our GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. For a reconciliation from net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA, see “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data.”

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We generate revenue through the sale of subscriptions to our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and the delivery of professional services. More than 80% of our revenue in 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was derived from our enterprise, medium-sized and small business clients, with the balance attributable to marketing service providers that resell our solutions to thousands of their customers. We serve a wide range of clients across many industries and sizes, and our revenue is not concentrated within any single client or small group of clients. In each of 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, no single client represented more than 5% of our revenue, and our largest ten clients accounted for less than 20% of our revenue in the aggregate.

Clients are typically invoiced in advance on an annual, quarterly or monthly basis, with payment due upon receipt of the invoice. Invoiced amounts are reflected on the balance sheet as accounts receivable or as cash when collected and as deferred revenue until earned and recognized as revenue ratably over the performance period. Accordingly, deferred revenue represents the amount billed to clients that has not yet been earned or recognized as revenue, pursuant to agreements entered into in current and prior periods, and does not reflect that portion of a contract to be invoiced to clients on a periodic basis for which payment is not yet due. In recent periods, more of our clients have requested quarterly or monthly instead of annual billing terms. As a result, we believe that the proportion of aggregate contract value reflected on the balance sheet as deferred revenue may continue to decrease if this trend continues.

Subscription Revenue.    Our subscriptions are based on volume of contracted utilization, level of functionality, number of interactive marketing channels, number of users and level of customer support. Utilization levels are based on the volume of email messages, short message service (“SMS”) messages, website impressions and other activities. If clients exceed the specified volume of utilization, additional fees are billed for the excess volume, generally at rates equal to or greater than the contracted minimum per-utilization fee, and are included in subscription revenue. If clients use less than the minimum contracted utilization, no rollover credit or refunds are given. Subscription agreements with our clients typically are not cancellable for a minimum period, generally one year but ranging up to three years. Our subscription revenue accounted for 86%, 87%, 86% and 83% of our total revenue in 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.

We recognize the aggregate minimum subscription fee ratably on a straight-line basis over the subscription term, provided that an enforceable contract has been signed by both parties, access to our SaaS solutions has been granted to the client, the fee for the subscription is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured. Revenue from utilization above the contracted level is recognized in the period in which the utilization occurs. As a result of new client additions and expansion of our overall client base, we believe revenue attributable to utilization above the contracted level may continue to grow in absolute dollars.

Professional Services Revenue.    Professional services revenue consists primarily of fees associated with training, implementation, integration, deliverability, campaign services and strategic consulting. Our professional services are not required for clients to utilize our suite of cross-channel,

 

42


Table of Contents

interactive marketing SaaS solutions. Depending upon the nature of the engagement, we may provide professional services over the term of the SaaS subscription or in connection with discrete projects. Revenue for our professional services engagements is recognized over the period of performance and is typically contracted on a fixed-fee basis.

Cost of Revenue

We allocate certain overhead expenses, such as rent, utilities, office supplies and depreciation of general office assets to cost of revenue categories based on related headcount. As a result, an overhead expense allocation is reflected in each cost of revenue category.

Cost of Subscription Revenue.    Cost of subscription revenue consists primarily of wages and benefits for software operations personnel, as well as depreciation, licensing, maintenance and support for hardware and software used in production, and co-location facilities, bandwidth and infrastructure expenses. The expenses related to co-location, bandwidth and infrastructure are affected by the number of clients using our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions, the complexity and frequency of their use, the level of utilization and the amount of stored data. In addition, these expenses are affected by our requirement to maintain high application availability. Our system hardware is co-located in two third-party operated hosting facilities in Indianapolis, Indiana and Las Vegas, Nevada. During the fourth quarter of 2011, we expect to commence operations in a third data center, located in Indianapolis. We expect to make further significant capital investments in the expansion and operation of our data centers and to continue to expand our business, which will increase our cost of subscription revenue in absolute dollars.

Cost of Professional Services Revenue.    Cost of professional services revenue primarily consists of wages and benefits for services personnel and related costs. Our cost of professional services revenue is significantly higher as a percentage of associated revenue than our cost of subscription revenue due to the labor costs associated with providing professional services. As it takes several months to ramp up a professional services consultant to full productivity, we generally increase our professional services capacity ahead of the recognition of associated professional services revenue, which can result in lower margins in a period of significant hiring. We expect the number of professional services personnel to increase in the future as we continue to serve more enterprise clients, resulting in higher cost of professional services revenue in absolute dollars.

Operating Expenses

We allocate certain overhead expenses, such as rent, utilities, office supplies and depreciation of general office assets to operating expense categories based on related headcount. As a result, an overhead expense allocation is reflected in each operating expense category.

Sales and Marketing.    Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, travel and meeting expenses and lead-generation marketing programs. All sales and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. In particular, sales bonuses are expensed in the period of contract signing and commissions are expensed upon contract billing. Our sales and marketing expenditures have historically been highest in the last two quarters of each year, which are periods of increased sales and marketing activity. In order to continue to grow our business and increase our brand awareness, we expect to continue investing substantial resources in our sales and marketing efforts. As a result, we expect sales and marketing expenses to increase as we invest to acquire new clients and retain and grow revenue from existing clients.

Research and Development.    Research and development expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits for product strategy, product architecture, product design, development and quality

 

43


Table of Contents

assurance personnel, and the costs of third-party development contractors. We focus our research and development efforts on usability, application performance, new features and functionality and development of emerging cross-channel marketing technologies. We expense research and development costs as incurred due to our relatively short development cycle. We expect research and development expenses to increase as we continue to enhance our product offerings.

General and Administrative.    General and administrative expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits for executive, finance and accounting, legal, human resources, internal information technology support and administrative personnel. In addition, general and administrative expenses include professional services fees, bad debt expenses and other corporate expenses. We expect that general and administrative expenses will increase as we continue to add personnel to support our growth. We also anticipate that we will incur additional costs for personnel and for professional services including auditing and legal services, insurance and other corporate governance-related costs related to operating as a public company.

Provision for Income Taxes

We are subject to taxes in the United States as well as other tax jurisdictions in which we conduct business. Earnings from our non-U.S. activities are subject to local income tax and may be subject to current U.S. income tax.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount whose realization is more likely than not.

We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. We record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in our provision for income taxes.

As of September 30, 2011, we recorded a full valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. In the third quarter of 2011, we decided to explore the opportunity to launch an initial public offering and, as a result, we determined that it was no longer more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized due to continued planned business investment with the proceeds of this offering. We previously overcame the negative evidence provided by our recent losses by demonstrating that we had generated income in 2006, 2007 and 2008 and using that information to show our ability to generate taxable income from existing client contracts if our planned investments were not made. In making such determination, we considered all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations.

 

44


Table of Contents

Adjustment for Redemption of Preferred Stock

Adjustment for redemption of preferred stock represents the impact on earnings of the redemption of a portion of our Series A and Series B preferred stock and all of our Series C preferred stock using a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of our Series D preferred stock in 2009. When preferred stock is redeemed, the excess fair value of the consideration paid to holders of preferred stock over the carrying amount of the preferred stock (excess consideration) represents a return to the preferred stockholders. Net income used in the calculation of both basic and diluted earnings per share excludes the adjustment for redemption of preferred stock. The effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock used in the calculation of diluted earnings per share excludes the impact of the redemption of those shares of our Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock as their effect was anti-dilutive.

Results of Operations

The following tables set forth selected consolidated statements of operations data for each of the periods indicated and as a percentage of total revenue.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008      2009     2010     2010     2011  
                        (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

           

Revenue:

  

Subscription revenue

   $   62,516       $   83,134      $ 115,553      $   82,565      $ 122,988   

Professional services revenue

     9,826         12,309        18,714        12,711        24,997   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

     72,342         95,443        134,267        95,276        147,985   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cost of revenue:

           

Cost of subscription revenue

     12,131         18,791        25,882        18,344        28,489   

Cost of professional services revenue

     7,963         11,981        18,012        12,669        21,106   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue(1)

     20,094         30,772        43,894        31,013        49,595   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     52,248         64,671        90,373        64,263        98,390   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

           

Sales and marketing(1)

     28,397         39,276        63,978        42,986        68,224   

Research and development(1)

     9,901         14,845        27,400        18,699        30,151   

General and administrative(1)

     7,436         13,397        17,159        11,979        18,082   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     45,734         67,518        108,537        73,664        116,457   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     6,514         (2,847     (18,164     (9,401     (18,067

Other income (expense), net

     34         75        (53     30        (683
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes

     6,548         (2,772     (18,217     (9,371     (18,750

Income tax expense (benefit)

     2,989         (777     (6,127     (3,349     10,540   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     3,559         (1,995     (12,090     (6,022     (29,290

Adjustment for redemption of preferred stock

             (58,601                     

Preferred stock dividend

             (490                     
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ 3,559       $ (61,086   $ (12,090   $ (6,022   $ (29,290
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

45


Table of Contents

 

(1) Total cost of revenue and operating expenses include the following amounts related to stock-based compensation:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008      2009      2010      2010      2011  
                          (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Total cost of revenue

   $   215       $ 416       $ 664       $ 483       $ 798   

Sales and marketing

            320                813             1,413                852             1,644   

Research and development

     257         528         1,147         854         1,010   

General and administrative

     191         1,589         1,201         783         1,490   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

   $ 983       $ 3,346       $ 4,425       $ 2,972       $ 4,942   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2009     2010     2010     2011  
                       (unaudited)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data as a Percentage of Total Revenue(2):

          

Revenue:

        

Subscription revenue

     86     87     86     87     83

Professional services revenue

     14        13        14        13        17   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

           100              100              100              100              100   

Cost of revenue:

          

Cost of subscription revenue

     17        20        19        19        19   

Cost of professional services revenue

     11        13        13        13        14   

Total cost of revenue

     28        32        33        33        34   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     72        68        67        67        66   

Operating expenses:

          

Sales and marketing

     39        41        48        45        46   

Research and development

     14        16        20        20        20   

General and administrative

     10        14        13        13        12   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     63        71        81        77        79   

Operating income (loss)

     9        (3     (14     (10     (12

Other income (expense), net

                                 (1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes

     9        (3     (14     (10     (13

Income tax expense (benefit)

     4        (1     (5     (4     7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     5        (2     (9     (6     (20

Adjustment for redemption of preferred stock

            (61                     

Preferred stock dividend

            (1                     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

     5     (64 )%      (9 )%      (6 )%      (20 )% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(2) Due to rounding, totals may not equal the sum of the line items in the table.

 

46


Table of Contents

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2010 and 2011

Revenue

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,        
     2010     2011     Change  
     Amount      % of
Revenue
    Amount      % of
Revenue
    ($)      (%)  
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Subscription revenue

   $ 82,565         87   $ 122,988         83   $ 40,423         49

Professional services revenue

     12,711         13        24,997         17        12,286         97   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

   $ 95,276         100   $ 147,985         100   $ 52,709         55
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The growth in subscription revenue over the period was attributable to new direct client additions, a larger base of renewal clients, increases in revenue associated with our international operations and increases in utilization above contracted levels. Subscription revenue from international clients increased by $11.7 million, from $6.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 to $18.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The increase in international subscription revenue was attributable to increased sales and marketing investments in the United Kingdom, Australia and Brazil. Revenue from utilization above the contracted level increased by $1.5 million, or 23%, from $6.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 to $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.

The growth in professional services revenue over the prior year period was attributable to an increase in the number of enterprise and medium-sized clients with complex interactive marketing programs utilizing our professional services, the acceleration of new direct client additions utilizing implementation and integration services and the growth in international operations.

Cost of Revenue

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,               
     2010     2011     Change  
     Amount      % of Cost
of
Revenue
    Amount      % of Cost
of
Revenue
    ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of subscription revenue

   $ 18,344         59   $ 28,489         57   $ 10,145         55

Cost of professional services revenue

     12,669         41     21,106         43     8,437         67
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue

   $ 31,013         100   $ 49,595         100   $ 18,582         60
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The increase in cost of subscription revenue was due in part to a $2.9 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 50 employees from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011, primarily in our customer support and software operations team to support our larger base of clients and our international expansion. Cost of subscription revenue also increased due to a $2.7 million increase in depreciation and amortization costs related to equipment and software in our data centers, a $1.4 million increase in operating costs related to enhancing and expanding our infrastructure and a $1.1 million increase in purchases of third-party partner applications and products for resale to our clients.

 

47


Table of Contents

The increase in cost of professional services revenue was primarily due to a $5.0 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 75 professional services employees from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011. Cost of professional services revenue also increased due to a $1.6 million increase in payments to third-party professional services consultants and a $0.6 million increase related to travel and meeting expenses due to the increase in professional services personnel to support our larger base of clients and international expansion.

Gross Profit

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,               
     2010     2011     Change  
     Amount      % of
Associated
Revenue
    Amount      % of
Associated
Revenue
    ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Subscription revenue gross profit

   $ 64,221         78   $ 94,499         77   $ 30,278         47

Professional services revenue gross profit

     42         0     3,891         16     3,849         NM   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total gross profit

   $ 64,263         67   $ 98,390         66   $ 34,127         53
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Our subscription revenue gross profit increased in absolute dollars but decreased as a percentage of associated revenue. This decrease in gross profit as a percentage of associated revenue, or gross margin, was attributable to increased use of our solutions and scaling for future growth. This activity resulted in higher third-party data center costs and associated hardware and software costs, along with increased employee-related costs in our customer support and software operations team.

The increase in professional services revenue gross profit was due in part to the prospective adoption of a new accounting standard for revenue recognition of multiple deliverable arrangements, specifically related to professional services revenue and the growth in the number of clients using our professional services. Revenue from professional services is recognized using a proportional performance model based on services performed. Prior to January 1, 2011, professional services revenue was recognized ratably over the subscription term.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Change  
     2010     2011     ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing

   $ 42,986      $ 68,224      $ 25,238         59

Percentage of total revenue

     45     46     

The increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to a $9.5 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 105 sales and marketing employees from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011 and an $8.0 million increase in sales commissions and bonuses as a result of increased sales and performance that exceeded our sales targets. It also reflects an increase in travel and meeting expenses of $2.5 million and marketing program and event expenses of $1.6 million. Our sales and marketing headcount increased as we invested in expanding our domestic and international presence.

 

48


Table of Contents

Research and Development Expenses

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Change  
     2010     2011     ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Research and development

   $ 18,699      $ 30,151      $ 11,452         61

Percentage of total revenue

     20     20     

The increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to a $5.8 million increase in third-party development contractor resources and a $3.9 million increase in employee-related costs due to a full nine months of expenses related to 2010 hires and the net addition of 21 employees from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011. Our research and development spending increased as we accelerated the development of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Change  
     2010     2011     ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

General and administrative

   $ 11,979      $ 18,082      $ 6,103         51

Percentage of total revenue

     13     12     

The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to a $4.3 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 52 finance and accounting, legal, human resources, talent acquisition and internal information technology support personnel from September 30, 2010 to September 30, 2011 to support our growth.

Other Income (Expense), Net

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Change  
         2010             2011         ($)         (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Other income (expense), net

   $ 30      $ (683   $ (713     NM   

Percentage of total revenue

     0     (0 )%     

Other income (expense) consists primarily of interest income and expense and foreign exchange gains and losses. The change in other income (expense) resulted from a $0.4 million increase in interest expense, primarily related to the full nine months of interest on borrowings under our loan and security agreement executed in November 2010. There was also an increase of $0.4 million in foreign exchange losses related to foreign currency transactions in our foreign locations.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Change  
     2010     2011     ($)          (%)      
     (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Income tax expense (benefit)

   $ (3,349   $ 10,540      $ 13,889         NM   

Percentage of total revenue

     (4 )%      7     

 

49


Table of Contents

We had an income tax benefit of $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, and we incurred income tax expense of $10.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. In 2011, we determined that it was no longer more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized due to continued planned business investment with the proceeds of this offering. In making such determination, we considered all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial results. Accordingly, we established a full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax assets.

Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

Revenue

 

    
Year Ended December 31,
     Change  
     2008      2009      2010      2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Subscription revenue

   $   62,516       $   83,134       $ 115,553         33     39

Professional services revenue

     9,826         12,309         18,714         25     52
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

   $ 72,342       $ 95,443       $ 134,267         32     41
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

2009 compared to 2010.    The $32.4 million of growth in subscription revenue over the period was attributable to the acceleration of new direct client additions, a larger base of renewal clients, the growth in our international operations and an increase in revenue associated with utilization above contracted levels. Revenue from international clients increased by $4.6 million from $5.5 million in 2009 to $10.1 million in 2010. The increase in international subscription revenue was attributable to increased sales and marketing investments in the United Kingdom and Australia. Revenue from utilization above the contracted level increased by $1.2 million, or 15%, from $7.9 million in 2009 to $9.1 million in 2010. Revenue associated with utilization above the contracted level increased in total dollars, but decreased as a percentage of total revenue due to a larger base of renewal clients renewing at higher contracted utilization volumes.

The $6.4 million of growth in professional services revenue over the period was attributable to an increase in the number of enterprise and medium-sized clients with complex interactive marketing programs utilizing our professional services, the acceleration of new direct client additions utilizing implementation and integration services and the growth in international operations.

2008 compared to 2009.    The $20.6 million of growth in subscription revenue over the period was attributable to the addition of new direct clients, a larger base of renewal clients and the growth in international operations from our acquisition and subsequent investments in the United Kingdom. Subscription revenue from international clients increased by $2.2 million, from $3.3 million in 2008 to $5.5 million in 2009. The increase in international subscription revenue was attributable to increased direct sales investments in the United Kingdom initiated in August 2009. Subscription revenue from utilization above the contracted level decreased by $0.8 million, or 9%, from $8.7 million in 2008 to $7.9 million in 2009, primarily due to an increased effort, through the formation of our relationship management team, to sell our clients additional committed volumes before their utilization exceeded the contracted volume.

The $2.5 million of growth in professional services revenue over the period was attributable to an increase in the number of enterprise and medium-sized clients with complex interactive marketing programs utilizing our professional services and the addition of new direct clients utilizing implementation and integration services.

 

50


Table of Contents

Cost of Revenue

 

    Year Ended December 31,        
    2008     2009     2010     Change  
    Amount     % of
Cost of
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Cost of
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Cost of
Revenue
    2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of subscription revenue

  $ 12,131        60   $ 18,791        61   $ 25,882        59     55     38

Cost of professional services revenue

    7,963        40     11,981        39     18,012        41     50     50
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue

  $ 20,094        100   $ 30,772        100   $ 43,894        100     53     43
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2009 compared to 2010.    The $7.1 million increase in cost of subscription revenue was due in part to a $2.0 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 29 employees from 2009 to 2010, primarily in our technical support team. Cost of subscription revenue also increased due to a $1.8 million increase in depreciation and amortization costs related to equipment and software in our data centers and a $1.9 million increase in operating costs related to enhancing and expanding our data centers.

The $6.0 million increase in cost of professional services revenue was primarily due to a $3.2 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 26 professional services personnel from 2009 to 2010. Cost of professional services revenue also increased due to a $1.7 million increase in payments to third-party professional services consultants.

2008 compared to 2009.    The $6.7 million increase in cost of subscription revenue was due in part to a $1.9 million increase in employee-related costs due to a full year of expenses related to 2008 hires and the net addition of 13 employees from 2008 to 2009. Cost of subscription revenue also increased due to a $1.8 million increase in depreciation and amortization costs related to equipment and software in our data centers and a $1.7 million increase in operating costs related to enhancing and expanding our data centers. Cost of subscription revenue increased by a greater percentage than the percentage growth in subscription revenue as we invested in expansion of our data center infrastructure to support our growth.

The $4.0 million increase in cost of professional services revenue was primarily due to a $2.9 million increase in employee-related costs due to a full year of expenses related to 2008 hires and the net addition of 26 employees from 2008 to 2009, primarily in the professional services delivery team. Cost of professional services revenue also increased due to a $0.6 million increase in travel and meeting expenses due to the increased size of the professional services team. Cost of professional services revenue increased by a greater percentage than the percentage growth in professional services revenue as we expanded our professional services team to support our growth.

 

51


Table of Contents

Gross Profit

 

    Year Ended December 31,        
    2008     2009     2010     Change  
    Amount     % of
Associated
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Associated
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Associated
Revenue
    2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
    (in thousands, except percentages)  

Subscription revenue gross profit

  $ 50,385        81   $ 64,343        77   $ 89,671        78     28     39

Professional services revenue gross profit

    1,863        19     328        3     702        4     (82 )%      114
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total gross profit

  $ 52,248        72   $ 64,671        68   $ 90,373        67     24     40
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2009 compared to 2010.    Our subscription revenue gross profit increased in absolute dollars and as a percentage of associated revenue. This increase in gross margin was attributable to the growth of hardware and software costs at a slower rate than subscription revenue in 2010.

Professional services revenue gross profit increased in absolute dollars and as a percentage of associated revenue. This increase in gross margin was attributable to the growth of our professional services personnel costs at a slower rate than professional services revenue in 2010.

2008 compared to 2009.    Our subscription revenue gross profit increased in absolute dollars but decreased as a percentage of associated revenue. The decline in gross margin in 2009 was attributable to significant capital investments in our data center infrastructure during 2008 that increased depreciation expense in 2009 at a higher rate than the increase in our subscription revenue.

Professional services revenue gross profit decreased primarily due to the significant hiring of services personnel in advance of the recognition of professional services revenue. As it takes several months to ramp up a professional services consultant to full productivity, we generally increase our professional services capacity ahead of the recognition of associated professional services revenue.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Change  
     2008     2009     2010     2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing 

   $ 28,397      $ 39,276      $ 63,978        38     63

Percentage of total revenue

     39     41     48    

2009 compared to 2010.    The $24.7 million increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to a $10.9 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 137 sales and marketing employees from 2009 to 2010 and a $5.9 million increase in sales commissions and bonuses as a result of increased sales and performance that exceeded our sales targets. It also reflected an increase in marketing program and event expenses of $3.5 million and an increase in travel and meeting expenses of $1.4 million. Our sales and marketing team size increased as we invested in expanding our domestic and international presence.

 

52


Table of Contents

2008 compared to 2009.    The $10.9 million increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to a $4.7 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 50 sales and marketing employees from 2008 to 2009 to expand our field sales team and to build a pre-sales consulting team to assist with technical sales, and a $1.6 million increase in sales commissions as a result of increased sales. Our sales and marketing headcount increased as we hired additional personnel to focus on adding new clients and increasing revenue from existing clients. Other factors resulting in an increase in sales and marketing expenses included an increase in marketing program and event expenses of $1.9 million and an increase in travel and meeting expenses of $0.8 million.

Research and Development Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Change  
     2008     2009     2010     2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Research and development 

   $ 9,901      $ 14,845      $ 27,400        50     85

Percentage of total revenue 

     14     16     20    

2009 compared to 2010.    The $12.6 million increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to an $8.1 million increase in employee-related costs due to a full year of expenses from 2009 hires and the net addition of 56 employees from 2009 to 2010, a $3.1 million increase in third-party development contractor resources and an increase in software support costs of $0.4 million. Our research and development expenses increased as we accelerated the development of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions and initiated the integration of CoTweet.

2008 compared to 2009.    The $5.0 million increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to a $2.3 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 51 employees from 2008 to 2009, an increase in software support costs of $0.9 million, and a $0.7 million increase in third-party development contractor resources. Our research and development spending increased as we expanded the development of our suite of cross-channel, interactive marketing SaaS solutions.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Change  
     2008     2009     2010     2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

General and administrative

   $ 7,436      $ 13,397      $ 17,159        80     28

Percentage of total revenue 

     10     14     13    

2009 compared to 2010.    The $3.8 million increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to a $2.6 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 24 finance and accounting, legal, human resources, talent acquisition and internal information technology support personnel from 2009 to 2010. We recognized a write off of deferred offering costs of $1.2 million in 2009 as we withdrew a registration statement that we had filed with the SEC.

2008 compared to 2009.    The $6.0 million increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to a $3.0 million increase in employee-related costs due to the net addition of 34 finance and accounting, legal, human resources, talent acquisition and internal information technology support personnel from 2008 to 2009 and a $1.2 million write off of deferred offering costs recognized in 2009 as we withdrew a registration statement that we had filed with the SEC.

 

53


Table of Contents

Other Income (Expense), Net

 

             Year Ended December 31,              Change  
     2008     2009     2010     2008 to
2009 (%)
    2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Other income (expense), net 

   $ 34      $ 75      $ (53     121     NM   

Percentage of total revenue

     0     0     (0 )%     

2009 compared to 2010.    Other income (expense) consists primarily of interest income and expense. Other income for 2009 was $0.08 million compared to other expense of $0.05 million for 2010. The change in other income (expense) was not significant between 2009 and 2010.

2008 compared to 2009.    Other income for 2009 was $0.08 million compared to other income of $0.03 million for 2008. The change in other income (expense) was not significant between 2008 and 2009.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

 

             Year Ended December 31,              Change  
     2008     2009     2010     2008 to
2009 (%)
     2009 to
2010 (%)
 
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Income tax expense (benefit)

   $  2,989      $    (777   $ (6,127     NM         NM   

Percentage of total revenue

     4     (1 )%      (5 )%      

2009 compared to 2010.    Income tax benefit for 2010 was $6.1 million compared to an income tax benefit of $0.8 million for 2009. Income tax benefit for 2010 reflected an effective tax rate of 34% compared to an effective tax rate of 28% in 2009. The change in the effective tax rate was attributable to the change in the ratio of permanent tax differences to the income (loss) before taxes.

2008 compared to 2009.    Income tax benefit for 2009 was $0.8 million compared to an income tax expense of $3.0 million for 2008. Income tax benefit for 2009 reflected an effective tax rate of 28% compared to an effective tax rate of 46% in 2008. The change in the effective tax rate was attributable to the change in the ratio of permanent tax differences to the income (loss) before taxes.

Adjustment for Redemption of Preferred Stock

2008, 2009 and 2010 comparison.    Redemption of preferred stock was $58.6 million in 2009 related to the premium paid above the par value of the Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock redeemed. No preferred stock was redeemed in either 2008 or 2010.

 

54


Table of Contents

Quarterly Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our unaudited consolidated statements of operations data for each of the seven consecutive quarters through and including the period ended September 30, 2011. This information was derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which in the opinion of management contain all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of such financial data in accordance with GAAP. Operating results for these periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full year. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in future periods. You should read this data together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31,
2010
    June 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
 
    (unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
 

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

             

Revenue:

             

Subscription revenue(1) 

  $  25,181      $  27,753      $  29,630      $  32,989      $  37,223      $  40,577      $ 45,187   

Professional services revenue

    3,653        4,262        4,796        6,002        6,803        8,259        9,936   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

    28,834        32,015        34,426        38,991        44,026        48,836        55,123   

Cost of revenue:

             

Cost of subscription revenue

    5,869        6,163        6,312        7,538        8,676        9,325        10,487   

Cost of professional services revenue

    3,564        4,086        5,018        5,344        5,990        7,293        7,824   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue(2) 

    9,433        10,249        11,330        12,882        14,666        16,618        18,311   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

    19,401        21,766        23,096        26,109        29,360        32,218        36,812   

Operating expenses:

             

Sales and marketing(2)

    12,871        13,681        16,433        20,992        20,325        22,262        25,637   

Research and development(2)

    5,068        6,082        7,549        8,701        8,437        9,954        11,760   

General and administrative(2)

    3,482        3,982        4,516        5,179        5,557        5,624        6,901   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses 

    21,421        23,745        28,498        34,872        34,319        37,840        44,298   

Operating income (loss)

    (2,020     (1,979     (5,402     (8,763     (4,959     (5,622     (7,486

Other income (expense), net

    19        16        (4     (84     (248     (341     (94
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) before taxes

    (2,001     (1,963     (5,406     (8,847     (5,207     (5,963     (7,580

Income tax expense (benefit)

    (636     (1,199     (1,513     (2,779     (1,945     (2,257     14,742   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ (1,365   $ (764   $ (3,893   $ (6,068   $ (3,262   $ (3,706   $ (22,322
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA(3)

  $ 1,102      $ 1,590      $ (1,420   $ (4,041   $ 31      $ 1      $ (924

Net income (loss) per common share:

             

Basic

  $ (0.36   $ (0.19   $ (0.96   $ (1.46   $ (0.76   $ (0.86   $ (5.09

Diluted

  $ (0.36   $ (0.19   $ (0.96   $ (1.46   $ (0.76   $ (0.86   $ (5.09

 

55


Table of Contents

 

(1) Subscription revenue includes fees for utilization above the contracted level in the respective quarters as follows:

 

    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31,
2010
    June 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
 
    (unaudited)
(in thousands)
 

Revenue from utilization above the contracted level

  $ 2,007      $ 2,568      $ 1,904      $ 2,662      $ 3,056      $ 2,294      $ 2,720   

Percentage of subscription revenue

    8     9     6     8     8     6     6

 

(2) Total cost of revenue and operating expenses include the following amounts related to stock-based compensation:

 

    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31,
2010
    June 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
 
    (unaudited)
(in thousands)
 

Total cost of revenue

  $    138      $    159      $ 186      $ 181      $ 230      $ 263      $ 305   

Sales and marketing 

    274        339        239        561        452        548        644   

Research and development

    230        289        335        293        301        372        337   

General and administrative 

    177        206        400        418        340        506        644   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation 

  $ 819      $ 993      $ 1,160      $ 1,453      $ 1,323      $ 1,689      $ 1,930   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(3) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “—Key Metrics—Adjusted EBITDA” for more information. The following table provides a reconciliation from net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA.

 

    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31,
2010
    June 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
 
    (unaudited)
(in thousands)
 

Net income (loss)

  $ (1,365   $ (764   $ (3,893   $ (6,068   $ (3,262   $ (3,706   $ (22,322

Other (income) expense, net 

    (19     (16     4        84        248        341        94   

Income tax expense (benefit)

    (636     (1,199     (1,513     (2,779     (1,945     (2,257     14,742   

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment 

    2,176        2,403        2,646        2,948        3,391        3,650        4,360   

Amortization of intangible assets 

    127        173        176        321        276        284        272   

Stock-based compensation 

    819        993        1,160        1,453        1,323        1,689        1,930   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 1,102      $ 1,590      $ (1,420   $ (4,041   $ 31      $ 1      $ (924
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

56


Table of Contents
    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31,
2010
    June 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
 
   

(unaudited)

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data as a Percentage of Total Revenue(1):

             

Revenue:

             

Subscription revenue 

    87     87     86     85     85     83     82

Professional services revenue 

    13        13        14        15        15        17        18   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total revenue

    100        100        100        100        100        100        100   

Cost of revenue:

             

Cost of subscription revenue 

    20        19        18        19        20        19        19   

Cost of professional services revenue 

    12        13        15        14        14        15        14   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue 

    33        32        33        33        33        34        33   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit 

    67        68        67        67        67        66        67   

Operating expenses:

             

Sales and marketing

    45        43        48        54        46        46        47   

Research and development

    18        19        22        22        19        20        21   

General and administrative

    12        12        13        13        13        12        13   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    74        74        83        89        78        77        80   

Operating income (loss)

    (7     (6     (16     (22     (11     (12     (14

Other income (expense), net

                                (1     (1       
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) before taxes

    (7     (6     (16     (23     (12     (12     (14

Income tax expense (benefit) 

    (2     (4     (4     (7     (4     (5     27   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    (5 )%      (2 )%      (11 )%      (16 )%      (7 )%      (8 )%      (40 )% 
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Due to rounding, totals may not equal the sum of the line items in the table.

Total revenue increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented, primarily due to the addition of new direct clients, subscription revenue renewals of existing clients in excess of 100%, increased sales of additional features and functionality to existing clients and international growth. Professional services revenue grew sequentially over the seven quarters primarily due to the increasing proportion of enterprise clients in our client base. We have historically experienced variability in our sequential quarterly subscription revenue growth, with a higher percentage of our clients entering into new subscription agreements and renewals in the fourth quarter, which has translated into a higher sequential subscription revenue growth rate in the first quarter of each year. The amount of revenue recognized from utilization above the contracted level has also varied sequentially in absolute dollars depending on the mix of clients with substantial utilization above their contracted levels each quarter.

As a result of the growth in revenue, our gross profit in absolute dollars has increased sequentially in each of the quarters presented. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue has varied sequentially due to the timing of professional services engagements and timing of costs related to our data center infrastructure expansion.

Total operating expenses generally increased over the prior year in absolute dollars in each of the quarters presented, primarily due to increased wages and benefits associated with the hiring of additional personnel in our sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative organizations to support the growth of our business. Quarterly sales and marketing expenses can vary in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue due to the performance of our sales team as compared to targets and due to the timing of our annual user conferences. Also, commission and bonus expenses increased in the fourth quarter of each year presented as a result of

 

57


Table of Contents

a higher percentage of clients entering into new subscriptions and renewals during this quarter. Research and development expenses can vary to the extent third-party development contractor resources are utilized to support the release of new products in specific periods. General and administrative costs were flat in the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011 due to a reversal of a contingent liability related to our acquisition of CoTweet. General and administrative costs have otherwise increased primarily due to increased headcount and outside services fees related to both the overall growth of our business and in preparation for our initial public offering.

As of September 30, 2011, we recorded a full valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. In the third quarter of 2011, we decided to explore the opportunity to launch an initial public offering and, as a result, we determined that it was no longer more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would be realized due to continued planned business investment with the proceeds of this offering. We previously overcame the negative evidence provided by our recent tax losses by demonstrating that we had generated income in 2006, 2007 and 2008 and using that information to show our ability to generate taxable income from existing client contracts if our planned investments were not made. In making such determination, we considered all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through the proceeds from the issuance of our preferred stock, borrowings under credit facilities and cash flows from operations. At September 30, 2011, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents totaling $29.6 million, accounts receivable of $36.4 million and $10.0 million available to draw under our revolving bank line of credit.

In November 2010, we entered into a loan and security agreement for a $10.0 million bank term loan and a $7.0 million revolving line of credit collateralized by a blanket lien on all of our personal property, including intellectual property. Both the term loan and the revolving line bear interest at a variable rate equal to prime plus one percent. The term loan and the revolving line mature on December 1, 2013, and the term loan is payable in 36 equal installments. The loan and security agreement requires us to comply with certain covenants, including with respect to recurring revenue, capital expenditures, adjusted EBITDA, mergers and dispositions of assets, changes in business, management, ownership or business locations, liens on our assets, the incurrence of additional debt, the payment of dividends and the maintenance of bank accounts with the lender. The loan and security agreement also contains usual and customary events of default (subject to certain grace periods) upon the occurrence of certain events, such as nonpayment of amounts due under the agreement, violation of the covenants referred to above, violation of other contractual provisions, a material adverse change in our business or our insolvency. In addition, the rejection by the lender, in its reasonable discretion, of certain periodic financial and operating performance projections to be made by our board of directors pursuant to the loan and security agreement would constitute an event of default. As of December 31, 2010, we were not in compliance with the adjusted EBITDA financial covenant. In March 2011, we entered into a loan modification agreement to increase the size of the revolving line from $7.0 million to $10.0 million and for the lender to waive the covenant default. In September 2011, we entered into a loan modification agreement to increase the size of the revolving line to $20.0 million. In October 2011, we entered into a loan modification agreement to modify the terms of the capital expenditure covenant and to incorporate other changes. As of December 31, 2010 and September 30, 2011, $10.0 million and $7.5 million, respectively, were outstanding under the term loan, and no amounts and $10.0 million, respectively, were outstanding under the revolving line.

 

58


Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2009     2010     2011  
           (unaudited)  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 12,856      $ 6,668      $ 3,624      $ 1,840   

Net cash used in investing activities 

     (13,300     (14,287     (24,561     (30,743

Net cash provided by financing activities 

     1,166        37,007        9,473        35,650   

Operating Activities

The 2008 net cash inflows resulted primarily from operating income, changes in working capital accounts and the add back of non-cash charges for depreciation and stock-based compensation expense. The 2009 net cash inflows resulted primarily from changes in working capital accounts, the add back of non-cash charges for depreciation, stock-based compensation expense and the write off of capitalized deferred offering costs, which was offset by a loss from operations. The 2010 net cash inflows resulted primarily from changes in working capital accounts, the receipt of a tax refund, and the add back of non-cash charges for depreciation and stock-based compensation expense, which was offset by a loss from operations. The net cash inflows for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 were attributable to changes in working capital accounts, and the add back of non-cash charges for depreciation and stock-based compensation expense, which was offset by a loss from operations.

The changes in working capital items consisted primarily of the following (in each case reflecting amounts as of the dates indicated and amount of change from the prior period):

Accounts Receivable

 

     As of December 31,     As of
September 30,
 
     2008     2009     2010     2011  
                       (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Accounts receivable

   $ 13,697      $ 20,567      $ 27,589      $ 36,364   

Dollar change from prior period

     1,708        6,870        7,022        8,775   

Percentage change from prior period

     14     50     34     32

The increases in accounts receivable were due to continued growth in invoiced amounts to our clients, reduced by collections on existing receivables. Clients are generally invoiced annually, quarterly or monthly over the subscription period, and payment is due upon invoicing. We generally invoice clients prior to recognizing the associated revenue in full. In 2009, accounts receivable increased at a higher rate than in prior years in part due to a larger percentage of client contracts executed and invoices generated in the last month of the fourth quarter.

Deferred Revenue

 

     As of December 31,     As of
September 30,
 
     2008     2009     2010     2011  
                       (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Total deferred revenue(1)

   $ 17,370      $ 24,418      $ 32,966      $ 36,423   

Dollar change from prior period

     2,604        7,048        8,548        3,457   

Percentage change from prior period

     18     41     35     10

 

(1) Includes deferred revenue included in long-term obligations and other.

 

59


Table of Contents

The increases in total deferred revenue were due to continued growth in invoiced amounts under our subscription agreements, offset by the recognition of revenue. The growth in invoiced amounts was primarily due to new direct client additions, a larger base of renewal clients, increases in revenue associated with our international operations and increases in utilization above contracted levels. Deferred revenue represents the amount billed to clients that has not yet been earned or recognized as revenue, pursuant to agreements entered into in current and prior periods, and does not reflect that portion of subscriptions and professional services to be invoiced to clients on a periodic basis for which payment is not yet due. In recent periods, more of our clients have requested quarterly or monthly instead of annual billing terms. As a result, we believe that the proportion of aggregate contract value reflected on the balance sheet as deferred revenue may continue to decrease if this trend continues. This trend may slow the recognition of deferred revenue, accounts receivable and cash inflow in our financial statements.

Accrued Compensation

 

     As of December 31,     As of
September 30,
 
     2008     2009     2010     2011  
                       (unaudited)  
     (in thousands, except percentages)  

Accrued compensation and related expenses 

   $ 4,839      $ 5,959      $ 10,143      $ 13,505   

Dollar change from prior period 

     1,662        1,120        4,184        3,362   

Percentage change from prior period 

     52     23     70     33

The increases in accrued compensation and related expenses were primarily due to an increase in the number and compensation of our employees and larger commissions and sales bonuses. In 2010, accrued compensation increased at a higher rate than in prior years in part due to performance that exceeded our sales targets, particularly in the fourth quarter.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $13.3 million, $14.3 million, $24.6 million and $30.7 million during 2008, 2009, 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of cash paid for purchases of fixed assets to expand our data center infrastructure, computer equipment and office furniture for our employees and leasehold improvements related to additional office space. Net cash used in investing activities did not include $0.3 million, $2.3 million, $3.1 million and $2.7 million of fixed assets capitalized in 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively, as payment was made in the subsequent period. Net cash used in investing activities also included payments of $1.0 million, $5.8 million and $2.7 million in 2009 and 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively, related to our acquisitions.

During the fourth quarter of 2011, we expect to commence operations in a third data center, located in Indianapolis, Indiana. This facility, which is owned and operated by a third party, has comparable terms to our existing Indianapolis and Las Vegas, Nevada data centers. We have made capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30,