<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0306</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2015-08-07</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001440024</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Roadrunner Transportation Systems, Inc.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>RRTS</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001164105</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>THAYER EQUITY INVESTORS V LP</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446268</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001417092</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY PARTNERS III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446269</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001435877</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI CO-INVESTORS III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001446265</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>TC Co-Investors V, LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519734</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HC EQUITY PARTNERS V, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519431</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY MANAGEMENT, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519430</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI EQUITY PARTNERS, L.L.C.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001519438</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>HCI MANAGEMENT III, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>1730 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 525</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>WASHINGTON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>DC</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>20006</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2015-08-07</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>2000000</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>24.34</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>7801625</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F4"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F5"/>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Represents 1,632,975 shares of common stock sold by Thayer Equity Investors V, L.P. (&quot;Thayer&quot;); 3,421 shares of common stock sold by TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C. (&quot;TC Roadrunner&quot;); 3,433 shares of common stock sold by TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C. (&quot;TC Sargent&quot;); 355,024 shares of common stock sold by HCI Equity Partners III, L.P. (f/k/a Thayer | Hidden Creek Partners II, L.P.) (&quot;Partners III&quot;); and 5,147 shares of common stock sold by HCI Co-Investors III, L.P. (f/k/a THC Co-Investors II, L.P.) (&quot;Co-Investors III&quot;).</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Represents 6,369,930 shares of common stock held by Thayer; 13,345 shares of common stock held by TC Roadrunner; 13,392 shares of common stock held by TC Sargent; 1,384,882 shares of common stock held by Partners III; and 20,076 shares held by Co-Investors III.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">HC Equity Partners V, L.L.C. (&quot;HC Equity&quot;) is the general partner of Thayer and HCI Equity Partners, L.L.C. (&quot;HCI Equity Partners&quot;) is the managing member of HC Equity. TC Co-Investors V, L.L.C. (&quot;Investors&quot;) is the managing member of each of TC Sargent and TC Roadrunner. HCI Equity Management, L.P. (&quot;Management&quot;) is the sole manager of Investors, and HCI Equity Partners is the general partner of Management. HCI Management III, L.P. (&quot;HCI Management III&quot;) is the general partner of Partners III and Co-Investors III, and HCI Equity Partners is the general partner of HCI Management III. As such, HC Equity, Investors, Management, HCI Management III, and HCI Equity Partners may be deemed to be beneficial owners of the shares reported in Table I. [CONTINUED IN FOOTNOTE 4]</footnote>
        <footnote id="F4">[CONTINUED FROM FOOTNOTE 3] Each of HC Equity, Investors, Management, HCI Management III, and HCI Equity Partners expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein. The filing of this form should not be deemed an admission that HCI Equity, Investors, Management, HCI Management III, or HCI Equity Partners is, for Section 16 purposes, the beneficial owner of such shares.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F5">HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III and HCI Equity Partners may be deemed to be beneficial owners of the shares reported in Table I. Each of HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III, and HCI Equity Partners expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported in Table I except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. The filing of this form should not be deemed an admission that HC Equity, HCI, Co-Investors, HCI Management III or HCI Equity Partners is, for Section 16 purposes or otherwise, the beneficial owner of such shares.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Thayer Equity Investors V, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Roadrunner-Dawes Holdings, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Partners III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Sargent Holdings, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Co-Investors III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>TC Co-Investors V, LLC - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HC Equity Partners V, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Management, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Management III, L.P. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>HCI Equity Partners, L.L.C. - /s/ Lisa Costello, CFO</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2015-08-11</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
