Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments:

Overview

PMI operates in markets outside of the United States of America, with manufacturing and sales facilities in various locations around the world. PMI utilizes certain financial instruments to manage foreign currency and interest rate exposure. Derivative financial instruments are used by PMI principally to reduce exposures to market risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange and interest rates by creating offsetting exposures. PMI is not a party to leveraged derivatives and, by policy, does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. Financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged, both at inception and throughout the hedged period. PMI formally documents the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objectives, strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions and method of assessing hedge effectiveness. Additionally, for hedges of forecasted transactions, the significant characteristics and expected terms of the forecasted transaction must be specifically identified, and it must be probable that each forecasted transaction will occur. If it were deemed probable that the forecasted transaction would not occur, the gain or loss would be recognized in earnings. PMI reports its net transaction gains or losses in marketing, administration and research costs on the consolidated statements of earnings.

PMI uses deliverable and non-deliverable forward foreign exchange contracts, foreign currency swaps and foreign currency options, collectively referred to as foreign exchange contracts ("foreign exchange contracts"), and interest rate contracts to mitigate its exposure to changes in exchange and interest rates from third-party and intercompany actual and forecasted transactions. The primary currencies to which PMI is exposed include the Australian dollar, Euro, Indonesian rupiah, Japanese yen, Mexican peso, Russian ruble, Swiss franc and Turkish lira. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, PMI had contracts with aggregate notional amounts of $29.2 billion and $24.9 billion, respectively. Of the $29.2 billion aggregate notional amount at December 31, 2016, $5.0 billion related to cash flow hedges, $10.6 billion related to hedges of net investments in foreign operations and $13.6 billion related to other derivatives that primarily offset currency exposures on intercompany financing. Of the $24.9 billion aggregate notional amount at December 31, 2015, $3.2 billion related to cash flow hedges, $6.4 billion related to hedges of net investments in foreign operations and $15.3 billion related to other derivatives that primarily offset currency exposures on intercompany financing.

The fair value of PMI’s foreign exchange contracts included in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, were as follows:

	Asset Derivatives					Liability Derivatives
		FairValue					FairValue
(in millions)	Balance Sheet Classification	2016		2015		Balance Sheet Classification	2016		2015
Foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments	Other current   assets	$	207	$	301	Other accrued    liabilities	$	66	$	26
	Other assets	436		181		Other liabilities	36		117
Foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments	Other current   assets	161		7		Other accrued   liabilities	61		29
	Other assets	9		85		Other liabilities	—		—
Total derivatives		$	813	$	574		$	163	$	172

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, PMI's cash flow and net investment hedging instruments impacted the consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive earnings as follows:

(pre-tax, millions)	For the Year Ended December 31,
	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Earnings/(Losses) on Derivatives						Statement of Earnings Classification of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Other Comprehensive Earnings/(Losses) into Earnings	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Other Comprehensive Earnings/(Losses) into Earnings
	2016		2015		2014			2016			2015			2014
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship
Foreign exchange contracts	$	12	$	43	$	111
							Net revenues	$	(38	)	$	149		$	115
							Cost of sales	46			(3		)	—
							Marketing, administration and research costs	(11		)	1			(28		)
							Interest expense, net	(30		)	(31		)	(39		)
Derivatives in Net Investment Hedging Relationship
Foreign exchange contracts	296		253		269
Total	$	308	$	296	$	380		$	(33	)	$	116		$	48

Cash Flow Hedges

PMI has entered into foreign exchange contracts to hedge the foreign currency exchange and interest rate risks related to certain forecasted transactions. The effective portion of gains and losses associated with qualifying cash flow hedge contracts is deferred as a component of accumulated other comprehensive losses until the underlying hedged transactions are reported in PMI’s consolidated statements of earnings. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, ineffectiveness related to cash flow hedges was not material. As of December 31, 2016, PMI has hedged forecasted transactions for periods not exceeding the next eighteen months, with the exception of one foreign exchange contract that expires in May 2024. The impact of these hedges is primarily included in operating cash flows on PMI’s consolidated statements of cash flows.

Hedges of Net Investments in Foreign Operations

PMI designates certain foreign currency denominated debt and foreign exchange contracts as net investment hedges of its foreign operations. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, these hedges of net investments resulted in gains, net of income taxes, of $430 million, $761 million and $952 million, respectively. These gains were reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive losses within currency translation adjustments. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, ineffectiveness related to net investment hedges was not material. Other investing cash flows on PMI’s consolidated statements of cash flows include the premiums paid for, and settlements of, net investment hedges.

Other Derivatives

PMI has entered into foreign exchange contracts to hedge the foreign currency exchange and interest rate risks related to intercompany loans between certain subsidiaries, and third-party loans. While effective as economic hedges, no hedge accounting is applied for these contracts; therefore, the unrealized gains (losses) relating to these contracts are reported in PMI’s consolidated statements of earnings. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the losses from contracts for which PMI did not apply hedge accounting were $85 million, $587 million and $481 million, respectively. The losses from these contracts substantially offset the gains generated by the underlying intercompany and third-party loans being hedged.

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the net impact of these contracts on the consolidated statements of earnings was not material.

Qualifying Hedging Activities Reported in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses

Derivative gains or losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive losses are a result of qualifying hedging activity. Transfers of these gains or losses to earnings are offset by the corresponding gains or losses on the underlying hedged item. Hedging activity affected accumulated other comprehensive losses, net of income taxes, as follows:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2016		2015			2014
Gain as of January 1,	$	59	$	123		$	63
Derivative (gains)/losses transferred to earnings	30		(102		)	(38		)
Change in fair value	8		38			98
Gain as of December 31,	$	97	$	59		$	123

At December 31, 2016, PMI expects $60 million of derivative gains that are included in accumulated other comprehensive losses to be reclassified to the consolidated statement of earnings within the next 12 months. These gains are expected to be substantially offset by the statement of earnings impact of the respective hedged transactions.

Contingent Features

PMI’s derivative instruments do not contain contingent features.

Credit Exposure and Credit Risk

PMI is exposed to credit loss in the event of non-performance by counterparties. While PMI does not anticipate non-performance, its risk is limited to the fair value of the financial instruments less any cash collateral received or pledged. PMI actively monitors its exposure to credit risk through the use of credit approvals and credit limits and by selecting and continuously monitoring a diverse group of major international banks and financial institutions as counterparties.

Fair Value

See Note 16. Fair Value Measurements and Note 20. Balance Sheet Offsetting for additional discussion of derivative financial instruments.