Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2014

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net:

Goodwill and other intangible assets, net, by segment was as follows:



	Goodwill				Other Intangible Assets, net
(in millions)	September 30, 2014		December 31, 2013		September 30, 2014		December 31, 2013
European Union	$	1,472	$	1,472	$	622	$	604
Eastern Europe, Middle East & Africa	544		617		219		228
Asia	3,957		3,960		1,230		1,251
Latin America & Canada	2,734		2,844		1,063		1,110
Total	$	8,707	$	8,893	$	3,134	$	3,193

Goodwill is due primarily to PMI’s acquisitions in Canada, Colombia, Greece, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan and Serbia, as well as the business combination in the Philippines. The movements in goodwill from December 31, 2013, were as follows:



(in millions)	European Union			Eastern Europe, Middle East & Africa			Asia			Latin America & Canada			Total
Balances, December 31, 2013	$	1,472		$	617		$	3,960		$	2,844		$	8,893
Changes due to:
Acquisitions	114			—			—			2			116
Currency	(114		)	(73		)	(3		)	(112		)	(302		)
Balances, September 30, 2014	$	1,472		$	544		$	3,957		$	2,734		$	8,707

The increase in goodwill from acquisitions was due primarily to the preliminary purchase price allocation for PMI's June 2014 purchase of Nicocigs Limited, a U.K.-based e-vapor company. For further details, see Note 17. Acquisitions and Other Business Arrangements.

Additional details of other intangible assets were as follows:



	September 30, 2014				December 31, 2013
(in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Non-amortizable intangible assets	$	1,780			$	1,798
Amortizable intangible assets	1,945		$	591	1,940		$	545
Total other intangible assets	$	3,725	$	591	$	3,738	$	545

Non-amortizable intangible assets substantially consist of trademarks from PMI’s acquisitions in Indonesia in 2005 and Mexico in 2007. Amortizable intangible assets primarily consist of certain trademarks, distribution networks and non-compete agreements associated with business combinations. The gross carrying amount, the range of useful lives as well as the weighted-average remaining useful life of amortizable intangible assets at September 30, 2014, were as follows:



(dollars in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Initial Estimated Useful Lives	Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life
Trademarks	$	1,553	2 - 40 years	24 years
Distribution networks	174		5 - 30 years	13 years
Non-compete agreements	126		3 - 10 years	1 year
Other (including farmer contracts and intellectual property rights)	92		10 - 17 years	12 years
	$	1,945

Pre-tax amortization expense for intangible assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013 was $67 million and $71 million, respectively, and $23 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013. Amortization expense for each of the next five years is estimated to be $86 million or less, assuming no additional transactions occur that require the amortization of intangible assets.

The decrease in the gross carrying amount of other intangible assets from December 31, 2013, was due primarily to currency movements, partially offset by the preliminary purchase price allocation for PMI's June 2014 purchase of Nicocigs Limited, as well as the purchase of additional patent rights related to an aerosol delivery technology acquired in 2011.

During the first quarter of 2014, PMI completed its annual review of goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets for potential impairment, and no impairment charges were required as a result of this review.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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