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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net:
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net, by segment were as follows:

 
 
Goodwill
 
Other Intangible Assets, net
(in millions)
 
March 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
March 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
European Union
 
$
1,469

 
$
1,472

 
$
601

 
$
604

Eastern Europe, Middle East & Africa
 
589

 
617

 
225

 
228

Asia
 
4,170

 
3,960

 
1,312

 
1,251

Latin America & Canada
 
2,781

 
2,844

 
1,096

 
1,110

Total
 
$
9,009

 
$
8,893

 
$
3,234

 
$
3,193


Goodwill is due primarily to PMI’s acquisitions in Canada, Colombia, Greece, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan and Serbia, as well as the business combination in the Philippines. The movements in goodwill from December 31, 2013, were as follows:
(in millions)
 
European
Union
 
Eastern
Europe,
Middle East
&
Africa
 
Asia
 
Latin
America &
Canada
 
Total
Balances, December 31, 2013
 
$
1,472

 
$
617

 
$
3,960

 
$
2,844

 
$
8,893

Changes due to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency
 
(3
)
 
(28
)
 
210

 
(63
)
 
116

Balances, March 31, 2014
 
$
1,469

 
$
589

 
$
4,170

 
$
2,781

 
$
9,009


Additional details of other intangible assets were as follows:
 
 
March 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
(in millions)
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
Non-amortizable intangible assets
 
$
1,861

 
 
 
$
1,798

 
 
Amortizable intangible assets
 
1,940

 
$
567

 
1,940

 
$
545

Total other intangible assets
 
$
3,801

 
$
567

 
$
3,738

 
$
545



Non-amortizable intangible assets substantially consist of trademarks from PMI’s acquisitions in Indonesia in 2005 and Mexico in 2007. Amortizable intangible assets primarily consist of certain trademarks, distribution networks and non-compete agreements associated with business combinations. The gross carrying amount, the range of useful lives as well as the weighted-average remaining useful life of amortizable intangible assets at March 31, 2014, were as follows:


(dollars in millions)
Gross Carrying Amount
Initial Estimated
Useful Lives
    
Weighted-Average
Remaining Useful Life
Trademarks
$
1,583

2 - 40 years
    
24 years
Distribution networks
162

20 - 30 years
    
14 years
Non-compete agreements
135

3 - 10 years
    
1 year
Other (including farmer
  contracts and intellectual property rights)
60

12.5 - 17 years
    
12 years
 
$
1,940

 
 
 


Pre-tax amortization expense for intangible assets was $22 million and $24 million, respectively during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. Amortization expense for each of the next five years is estimated to be approximately $88 million, assuming no additional transactions occur that require the amortization of intangible assets.
The increase in the gross carrying amount of other intangible assets from December 31, 2013, was due to currency movements.
During the first quarter of 2014, PMI completed its annual review of goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets for potential impairment, and no impairment charges were required as a result of this review.