Consolidation of variable interest entities

In accordance with accounting standards regarding consolidation of variable interest entities, VIEs are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision making ability. All VIEs with which the Company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.

The Company has concluded, based on the contractual arrangements, that Jiuzhou Pharmacy (including its subsidiaries and controlled entities), Jiuzhou Clinic and Jiuzhou Service are each a VIE and that the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Jiuxin Management, absorbs a majority of the risk of loss from the activities of these companies, thereby enabling the Company, through Jiuxin Management, to receive a majority of their respective expected residual returns.

Control and common control are defined under the accounting standards as "an individual, enterprise, or immediate family members who hold more than 50 percent of the voting ownership interest of each entity." Because the Owners collectively own 100% of Jiuzhou Pharmacy, Jiuzhou Clinic and Jiuzhou Service, and have agreed to vote their interests in concert since the establishment of each of these three companies as memorialized in the voting rights agreement, the Company believes that the Owners collectively have control and common control of the three companies. Accordingly, the Company believes that Jiuzhou Pharmacy, Jiuzhou Clinic and Jiuzhou Service were constructively held under common control by Jiuxin Management as of the time the Contractual Agreements were entered into, establishing Jiuxin Management as their primary beneficiary. Jiuxin Management, in turn, is owned by Renovation, which is owned by the Company.

Use of estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The significant estimates made in the preparation of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the assessment of the carrying values of accounts receivable, advances to suppliers and related allowance for doubtful accounts, useful lives of property and equipment, inventory reserve and fair value of its purchase option derivative liability. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Revenue recognition

Effective March 31, 2018, the Company began recognizing revenue under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), using the modified retrospective transition method. The impact of adopting the new revenue standard was not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements. The core principle of this new revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

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Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer

	●	Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract

	●	Step 3: Determine the transaction price

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Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

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Step 5: Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation

In order to identify the performance obligations in a contract with a customer, a company must assess the promised goods or services in the contract and identify each promised good or service that is distinct. A performance obligation meets ASC 606's definition of a "distinct" good or service (or bundle of goods or services) if both of the following criteria are met:

	●	The customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (i.e., the good or service is capable of being distinct).

	●	The entity's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (i.e., the promise to transfer the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).

If a good or service is not distinct, the good or service is combined with other promised goods or services until a bundle of goods or services is identified that is distinct.

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example, some sales taxes). The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. The transaction price allocated to each performance obligation is recognized when that performance obligation is satisfied, at a point in time or over time as appropriate.

The Company's revenue is net of value added tax ("VAT") collected on behalf of the PRC tax authorities with respect to the sales of merchandise. VAT collected from customers, net of VAT paid for purchases, is recorded as a liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets until it is paid to the relevant PRC tax authorities.

Certain contract liabilities primarily represent the Company's obligation to transfer additional goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration, for example, membership points. The consideration received remains a contract liability until goods or services have been provided to the retail customer. The estimated amount based on accrued membership points was deducted from sales revenue.

The following is a discussion of the Company's revenue recognition policies by segment under the new revenue recognition accounting standard:

Pharmacy retail sales

The physical pharmacies sell prescription drugs, over-the-counter ("OTC") drugs, traditional Chinese medicine, nutritional supplements, medical devices and sundry products. Revenue from sales of prescription medicine at drugstores is recognized when the prescription is filled and the customer picks up and pays for the prescription. Revenue from sales of other merchandise at drugstores is recognized at the point of sale, which is when a customer pays for and receives the merchandise. Usually the majority of our merchandise, such as prescription and OTC drugs, are not refundable after the customers leave the counter. Returns of other products, such as sundry products, are minimal. Sales of drugs reimbursed by the local government medical insurance agency and receivables from the agency are recognized when a customer pays for the drugs at a store. Based on historical experience, a reserve for potential losses from denial of reimbursement on certain unqualified drugs is made to the receivables from the government agency. Additionally, several onsite clinics adjacent to our pharmacies provide limited medical services. Revenue from medical services is recognized after the service has been rendered to a customer. As revenue from medical services is minimal compared to pharmacy retail sales, it is included as part of the pharmacy retail sales.

Online pharmacy sales

The online pharmacy sells various health products except for prescription drugs. Revenue from online pharmacy sales is recognized when merchandise is shipped to customers. While most deliveries take one day, certain deliveries may take longer depending on a customer's location. Any loss caused in a shipment will be reimbursed by the Company's courier company. Our sales policy allows for the return of certain merchandises without reason within seven days after a customer's receipt of the applicable merchandise. Historically, sales returns seven days after merchandise receipts have been minimal.

Wholesale

Jiuxin Medicine purchases medicine in quantity and distributes products primarily to local pharmacies and medical products dealers. Revenue from sales of merchandise to non-retail customers is recognized when the merchandise is transferred to customers. Historically, sales returns have been minimal.

The Company's revenue is net of VAT collected on behalf of PRC tax authorities in respect to the sales of merchandise. VAT collected from customers, net of VAT paid for purchases, is recorded as a liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets until it is paid to the relevant PRC tax authorities.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table disaggregates the Company's revenue by major source in each segment for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019:

For the three months ended December 31	2019		2018
Retail drugstores
Prescription drugs	$	7,496,469	$	6,756,073
OTC drugs		10,260,883		9,393,148
Nutritional supplements		1,602,407		1,869,351
TCM		1,416,126		1,342,768
Sundry products		188,484		248,729
Medical devices		611,597		1,257,180
Total retail revenue	$	21,575,966	$	20,867,249
Online pharmacy
Prescription drugs	$	-	$	-
OTC drugs		1,981,871		837,126
Nutritional supplements		245,249		220,776
TCM		42,331		28,785
Sundry products		729,179		573,993
Medical devices		966,393		832,526
Total online revenue	$	3,965,023	$	2,493,206
Drug wholesale
Prescription drugs	$	6,358,031	$	3,933,441
OTC drugs		1,310,927		3,341,676
Nutritional supplements		47,736		167,069
TCM		67,507		77,216
Sundry products		19,789		5,949
Medical devices		18,303		30,743
Total wholesale revenue	$	7,822,293	$	7,556,094
Total revenue	$	33,363,282	$	30,916,549

For the nine months ended December 31	2019		2018
Retail drugstores
Prescription drugs	$	19,214,689	$	17,835,700
OTC drugs		24,964,312		24,018,263
Nutritional supplements		4,510,514		4,750,013
TCM		4,474,676		4,615,033
Sundry products		777,432		799,554
Medical devices		2,370,604		2,953,326
Total retail revenue	$	56,312,227	$	54,971,889
Online pharmacy
Prescription drugs	$	-	$	-
OTC drugs		4,133,128		2,412,057
Nutritional supplements		488,956		575,862
TCM		77,981		54,417
Sundry products		1,542,372		2,128,282
Medical devices		2,517,455		1,467,304
Total online revenue	$	8,759,892	$	6,637,922
Drug wholesale
Prescription drugs	$	18,054,557	$	11,708,683
OTC drugs		3,433,730		7,246,356
Nutritional supplements		104,475		240,666
TCM		247,465		156,525
Sundry products		30,809		21,479
Medical devices		54,690		114,641
Total wholesale revenue	$	21,925,726	$	19,488,350
Total revenue	$	86,997,845	$	81,098,161

Contract Balances

Contract liabilities primarily represent the Company's obligation to transfer additional goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration, for example membership points. The consideration received remains a contract liability until goods or services have been provided to the retail customer.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represent the following: (1) amounts due from banks relating to retail sales that are paid or settled by the customers' debit or credit cards, (2) amounts due from government social security bureaus and commercial health insurance programs relating to retail sales of drugs, prescription medicine, and medical services that are paid or settled by the customers' medical insurance cards, (3) amounts due from non-bank third party payment instruments such as Alipay and certain e-commerce platforms and (4) amounts due from non-retail customers for sales of merchandise.

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value consisting of the carrying amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts, as necessary. In the Company's retail business, accounts receivable mainly consist of reimbursements due from the government insurance bureaus and commercial health insurance programs and are usually collected within two or three months. The Company directly writes off delinquent account balances, which it determines to be uncollectible after confirming with the appropriate bureau or program each month. Additionally, the Company also makes estimated reserves on related outstanding accounts receivable based on historical trends.

In the Company's online pharmacy business, accounts receivable primarily consist of amounts due from non-bank third party payment instruments such as Alipay and certain e-commerce platforms. To purchase pharmaceutical products from an e-commerce platforms such as Tmall, customers are required to submit payment to certain non-bank third party payment instruments, such as Alipay, which, in turn, reimburse the Company within seven days to a month. Except for customer returns of sold products, the receivables from these payments instruments are rarely uncollectible.

In its wholesale business, the Company uses the aging method to estimate the allowance for anticipated uncollectible receivable balances. Under the aging method, bad debt percentages are determined by management, based on historical experience and the current economic climate, are applied to customers' balances categorized by the number of months the underlying invoices have remained outstanding. At each reporting period, the allowance balance is adjusted to reflect the amount computed as a result of the aging method. When facts subsequently become available to indicate that the allowance provided requires an adjustment, a corresponding adjustment is made to the allowance account as a change in estimate.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first in first out (FIFO) method. The Company carries out physical inventory counts on a monthly basis at each store and warehouse location. Herbs that the Company cultivates are recorded at their cost, which includes direct costs such as seed selection, fertilizer, labor costs expended in growing herbs on the leased farmland, and indirect costs such as amortization of farmland development cost. All costs are accumulated until the time of harvest and then allocated to harvested herbs costs when the herbs are sold. The Company periodically reviews its inventory and records write-downs to inventories for shrinkage losses and damaged merchandise that are identified. The Company provides a reserve for estimated inventory obsolescence or excess quantities on hand equal to the difference, if any, between the cost of the inventory and its estimated realizable value.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation or amortization. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, taking into consideration the assets' estimated residual value. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of lease term or remaining lease period of the underlying assets. Following are the estimated useful lives of the Company's property and equipment:

		Estimated Useful Life
Leasehold improvements		3-10 years
Motor vehicles		3-5 years
Office equipment & furniture		3-5 years
Buildings		35 years

Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expenses as incurred. Major additions and betterment to property and equipment are capitalized.

Impairment of long lived assets

The Company evaluates long lived tangible and intangible assets for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable from its estimated future cash flows. Recoverability is measured by comparing the assets' net book value to the related projected undiscounted cash flows from these assets, considering a number of factors including past operating results, budgets, economic projections, market trends and product development cycles. If the net book value of the asset exceeds the related undiscounted cash flows, the asset is considered impaired, and a second test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss. There were no fixed assets and farmland assets impaired for the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

Long-term loans

Long-term loans from non-banking financial institutions are stated at their cost. The loan term is up to three years. The Company makes installment payments on principal and interest every month. Interest expense is paid and recorded every month. The principal amount due within a year will be classified as current portion of long-term loan.

Value added tax

Sales revenue represents the invoiced value of goods, net of VAT. All of the Company's products are sold in the PRC and are subject to a VAT on the gross sales price. The VAT rates range up to 17%, depending on the type of products sold. The VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing or acquiring its finished products. The Company recorded a VAT payable net of payments in the accompanying financial statements.

Advertising and promotion costs

Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to $60,781 and $259,064 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $217,768 and $657,968 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Such costs consist primarily of costs of print and promotional materials such as flyers to local communities.

Concentrations and credit risk

Certain financial instruments, which subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist of cash and restricted cash. The Company has cash balances at financial institutions located in Hong Kong and PRC. Balances at financial institutions in Hong Kong may, from time to time, exceed Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board's insured limits. Since March 31, 2015, balances at financial institutions and state-owned banks within the PRC are covered by insurance up to RMB 500,000 (USD 72,800) per bank. As of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, the Company had deposits totaling $23,884,133 and $24,730,736 that were covered by such limited insurance, respectively. Any balance over RMB 500,000 (USD 72,800) per bank in PRC will not be covered. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

For the three months ended December 31, 2019, two largest vendors accounted for 45.1% of the Company's total purchases and one vendor accounted for 24.4% of the Company's total advances to suppliers. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, three largest vendors accounted for 70.3% of the Company's total purchases and one vendor accounted for 32.6% of the Company's total advances to suppliers.

For the nine months ended December 31, 2019, two vendors accounted for 48.7% of the Company's total purchases and two vendors accounted for more than 10% of total advances to suppliers. For the nine months ended December 31, 2018, two vendors accounted for 46.9% of the Company's total purchases and two vendors accounted for more than 10% of total advances to suppliers.

For the three months and nine months ended December 31, 2019, no customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total sales and more than 10% of total accounts receivable. For the three months and nine months ended December 31, 2018, no customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total sales and more than 10% of total accounts receivable.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," providing financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. For public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. All entities may adopt the amendments in this Update earlier as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230):Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments," addressing eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The amendments in this Update should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The impact of adoption on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, "Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): I. Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features; II. Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception". Part I of this Update addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. Part II of this Update addresses the difficulty of navigating Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, because of the existence of extensive pending content in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification®. ASU No. 2017-11 has no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" ("ASU 2017-04"), which removes Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. An entity will apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The new guidance does not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. Public business entity that is a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filer should adopt the amendments in this ASU for its annual or any interim goodwill impairment test in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-4 has no impact on our consolidated financial statements.