<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001654954-17-010318.txt : 20171109
<SEC-HEADER>0001654954-17-010318.hdr.sgml : 20171109
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20171109163156
ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001654954-17-010318
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 45
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20170930
FILED AS OF DATE: 20171109
DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20171109
FILER:
COMPANY DATA:
COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc.
CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001411685
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
IRS NUMBER: 205093315
STATE OF INCORPORATION: NV
FISCAL YEAR END: 0331
FILING VALUES:
FORM TYPE: 10-Q
SEC ACT: 1934 Act
SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-37761
FILM NUMBER: 171191325
BUSINESS ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 343 ALLERTON AVENUE
CITY: SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
STATE: CA
ZIP: 94080
BUSINESS PHONE: 650-577-3600
MAIL ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 343 ALLERTON AVENUE
CITY: SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
STATE: CA
ZIP: 94080
FORMER COMPANY:
FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Excaliber Enterprises, Ltd.
DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20070906
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>vtgn10q_sep302017.htm
<DESCRIPTION>QUARTERLY REPORT
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UNITED STATES</font></div>
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</font></div>
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Washington, DC 20549</font></div>
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Form 10-Q</font></div>
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(Mark One)</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px">☑</font></div>
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</font></div>
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For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
or</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px">☐</font></div>
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</font></div>
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For the transition period from</font> <font style="text-decoration: underline; color: #000000">                    </font>
<font style="color: #000000">to</font> <font style="text-decoration: underline; color: #000000">                    </font>
<font style="color: #000000">.</font></font></div>
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Commission File Number: 001-37761</font></div>
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VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc.</font></div>
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</font></div>
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Nevada</font></div>
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20-5093315</font></div>
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(State or other jurisdiction of</font></div>
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incorporation or organization)</font></div>
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(I.R.S. Employer</font></div>
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<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Identification No.)</font></div>
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343 Allerton Avenue</font></div>
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South San Francisco, CA 94080</font></div>
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(Address of principal executive offices including zip
code)</font></div>
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(650) 577-3600</font></div>
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(Registrant’s telephone number, including area
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes</font> <font style="color: #000000">☒</font> <font style="color: #000000">No</font> <font style="color: #000000">☐</font></font></div>
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter
period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files). Yes</font> <font style="color: #000000">☒</font>
<font style="color: #000000">No</font> <font style="color: #000000">☐</font></font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,
or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large
accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and
“smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act.</font></div>
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Large accelerated filer</font></div>
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 [  ]</font></div>
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Accelerated filer</font></div>
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[  ]</font></div>
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Non-Accelerated filer</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 [  ]</font></div>
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Smaller reporting company</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
[X]</font></div>
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Emerging growth company</font></div>
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<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 9%">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
[  ]</font></div>
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(do not check if a smaller reporting company)</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
     </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
[  ]</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes</font>
<font style="color: #000000">☐</font> <font style="color: #000000">No</font> <font style="color: #000000">☒</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As of November 9, 2017, 11,698,974 shares of the registrant’s
common stock, $0.001 par value, were issued and
outstanding. </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
VistaG<a name="tableof">e</a>n Therapeutics,
Inc.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
for the Quarter Ended September 30, 2017</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<a name="toc">T</a>ABLE OF CONTENTS</font></div>
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<div style="padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 9%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Page</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman;">
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION</font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 24px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#item1"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item 1.
    Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 60px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
 <font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">   
<a href="#item1">Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September
30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">1</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 60px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
 <font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">   
<a href="#loss">Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and six months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">2</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 60px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
 <font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">   
<a href="#flows">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
for the six months ended September 30, 2017 and
2016</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">3</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 60px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
 <font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">   
<a href="#notes">Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">4</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 24px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#mda"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item 2.
    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">13</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 24px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -24px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#controls"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item
4.     Controls and Procedures</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">26</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;"><a href="#part2"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman;">
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION</font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></a></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#part2"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Item
1.     Legal Proceedings</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">27</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#part2"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item 1A. 
Risk Factors</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">27</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#itemm2"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item
2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
and Use of Proceeds</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">59</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#itemm3"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Item
3.     Defaults Upon Senior Secured
Securities</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">59</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#itemm6"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">Item 6.    
Exhibits</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">59</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="padding-top: 2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px; padding-top: 2px;">
<a href="#sigs"><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman;">SIGNATURES</font></a></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 9%;">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"> 
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">60<br></font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
PART I. FINANCIA<a name="item1">L</a>
INFORMATION</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
VISTAGEN THERAPEUTICS, INC.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Amounts in Dollars, except share amounts)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%; white-space: nowrap;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 March 31,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
(Unaudited)</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 ASSETS</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Current
assets:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Cash
and cash equivalents</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,764,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,921,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Prepaid
expenses and other current assets</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">563,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">456,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
current assets</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,327,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3,377,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Property
and equipment, net</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">242,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">286,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Security
deposits and other assets</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">47,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">47,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
assets</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:double 4px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:double 4px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,617,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:double 4px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:double 4px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,712,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(DEFICIT)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Current
liabilities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Accounts
payable</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,151,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">867,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Accrued
expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">625,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">443,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Current
notes payable</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Capital
lease obligations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
current liabilities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,884,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,367,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Non-current
liabilities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Accrued
dividends on Series B Preferred Stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,081,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,577,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Deferred
rent liability</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">312,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">139,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Capital
lease obligations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">10,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">11,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
non-current liabilities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,404,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,728,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
liabilities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">4,289,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,096,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Commitments
and contingencies</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stockholders’
equity (deficit):</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Preferred
stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized at September
30, 2017 and March 31, 2017:</font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 36px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Series
A Preferred, 500,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at
September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 36px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Series
B Preferred; 4,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and
March 31, 2017; 1,160,240 shares issued and outstanding at
September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 36px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Series
C Preferred; 3,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and
March 31, 2017; 2,318,012 shares issued and outstanding at
September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Common
stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares
authorized at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively;
11,764,639 and 8,974,386 shares issued and outstanding at September
30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">11,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">9,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Additional
paid-in capital</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">151,541,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">146,569,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Treasury
stock, at cost, 135,665 shares of common stock held at September
30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,968,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,968,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 24px; padding-bottom: 2px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Accumulated
deficit</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(149,261,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(141,998,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 36px; padding-bottom: 2px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
stockholders’ equity (deficit)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(1,671,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">615,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 36px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">2,617,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">3,712,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 1 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
VISTAGEN THERA<a name="loss">P</a>EUTICS,
INC.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE
LOSS</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Unaudited)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Amounts in dollars, except share amounts)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Three Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Operating
expenses:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Research
and development</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,426,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,606,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3,522,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,431,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> General
and administrative</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,567,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,493,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,731,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,631,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Total
operating expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">4,993,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,099,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">7,254,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">5,063,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
from operations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,993,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,099,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,254,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,063,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Other
expenses, net:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Interest
expense, net</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(3,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(1,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(5,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(2,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
before income taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,997,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,101,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,259,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,065,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Income
taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(2,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(2,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss and comprehensive loss</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,997,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,101,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,262,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,068,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"> <font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Accrued
dividend on Series B Preferred stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(256,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(241,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(503,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(780,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"> <font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Deemed
dividend on Series B Preferred Units</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(111,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss attributable to common stockholders</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(5,253,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(3,342,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(7,765,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">(5,960,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Basic
and diluted net loss attributable to common</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">     stockholders
per common share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">(0.53</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">(0.42</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">(0.82</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">(0.91</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Weighted average shares used in computing basic</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> and
diluted net loss attributable to common</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> stockholders
per common share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">9,892,016</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">8,041,619</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">9,465,459</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">6,577,769</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 2 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
VISTAGEN THERAPEUTICS, INC.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS O<a name="flows">F</a>
CASH FLOWS</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Unaudited)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Amounts in Dollars)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
flows from operating activities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Net
loss</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,262,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,068,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Depreciation
and amortization</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">46,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">26,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Stock-based
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">697,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">306,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%;">
<div style="margin-left: 12px;"><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 12px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Expense
related to modification of warrants, including exchange of
warrants</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    for
common stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">279,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">57,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Amortization
of deferred rent</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">173,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(18,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Fair
value of common stock granted for services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,392,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">217,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Fair
value of Series B Preferred stock granted for services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">375,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Fair
value of warrants granted for services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">227,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">   Changes
in operating assets and liabilities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    Prepaid
expenses and other current assets</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">197,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">40,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    Accounts
payable and accrued expenses, including accrued
interest</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">466,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(36,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
cash used in operating activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(4,009,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(3,873,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
flows from property and investing activities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Purchases
of equipment</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(1,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(7,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">     Net
cash used in investing activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(1,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(7,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
flows from financing activities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Net
proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, including
Units</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,947,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">9,537,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Net
proceeds from issuance of Series B Preferred Units</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">278,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Repayment
of capital lease obligations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(1,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Repayment
of notes payable</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(91,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">     Net
cash provided by financing activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,854,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">9,709,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(1,156,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">5,828,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of period</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,921,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">428,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
and cash equivalents at end of period</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">1,764,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">6,257,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Supplemental
disclosure of noncash activities:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    Insurance
premiums settled by issuing note payable</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">142,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">117,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">    Accrued
dividends on Series B Preferred</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">503,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">780,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a name="_MON_1435653751"><!--anchor--></a>See
accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 3 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
VISTAGEN THERAPEUT<a name="notes">I</a>CS,
INC.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
(Unaudited)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 1.  Description of Business</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Overview</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: VTGN), a Nevada corporation,
is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing
new generation medicines for depression and other central nervous
system (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CNS</font><font style="color: #000000">) disorders.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
AV-101 is our oral CNS product candidate in Phase 2 clinical
development in the United States, initially as a new generation
adjunctive treatment for Major Depressive Disorder
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MDD</font><font style="color: #000000">) in patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">FDA</font><font style="color: #000000">).  AV-101’s mechanism of action
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MOA</font><font style="color: #000000">) involves both NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and
AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid)
receptors in the brain responsible for fast excitatory synaptic
activity throughout the CNS.  AV-101’s MOA is
fundamentally differentiated from all FDA-approved antidepressants,
as well as all atypical antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole, often
used adjunctively to augment them. We believe AV-101 also has
potential as a non-opioid treatment alternative for neuropathic
pain, as well as several additional CNS indications</font>
<font style="color: #333333; background-color: #FFFFFF">where
modulation of the NMDA receptors, activation of AMPA pathways
and/or key active metabolites of AV-101 may achieve therapeutic
benefit</font><font style="color: #000000">, including
Parkinson’s disease levodopa -induced dyskinesia
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">PD
LID</font><font style="color: #000000">), epilepsy and
Huntington’s disease.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Clinical studies conducted at the U.S. National Institute of Mental
Health (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIMH</font><font style="color: #000000">), part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIH</font><font style="color: #000000">), by Dr. Carlos Zarate, Jr., Chief of the
NIMH’s Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch
and its Section on Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood and Anxiety
Disorders, have focused on the antidepressant effects of ketamine
hydrochloride injection (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">ketamine</font><font style="color: #000000">), an ion-channel blocking NMDA receptor
antagonist approved by the FDA as an anesthetic, in MDD patients
with inadequate therapeutic responses to multiple standard
antidepressants. These NIMH studies, as well as clinical research
at Yale University and other academic institutions, have
demonstrated ketamine’s robust antidepressant effects in
treatment-resistant MDD patients within twenty-four hours of a
single sub-anesthetic dose administered by intravenous
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">IV</font><font style="color: #000000">) infusion.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We believe AV-101 may have potential to deliver ketamine-like
antidepressant effects without the need for IV administration and
ketamine’s psychological and other negative side effects. As
published in the October 2015 issue of the
peer-reviewed </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Journal of Pharmacology and
Experimental Therapeutics, </font><font style="color: #000000">in an article titled, </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">The prodrug 4-chlorokynurenine
causes ketamine-like antidepressant effects, but not side effects,
by NMDA/glycineB-site inhibition,</font><font style="color: #000000"> using well-established preclinical models of
depression, AV-101 was shown to induce fast-acting, dose-dependent,
persistent and statistically significant antidepressant-like
responses following a single treatment. These responses were
equivalent to those seen with a single sub-anesthetic control dose
of ketamine. In addition, these studies confirmed that the
fast-acting antidepressant effects of AV-101 were mediated through
both inhibiting the GlyB site of the NMDA receptor and activating
the AMPA receptor pathway in the brain.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Pursuant to our Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CRADA</font><font style="color: #000000">) with the NIMH, the NIMH is currently funding,
and Dr. Zarate, as Principal Investigator, and his team are
currently conducting, a small Phase 2 clinical study of AV-101 as a
monotherapy in adult subjects with treatment-resistant MDD
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Monotherapy Study</font><font style="color: #000000">). In October
2017, we received FDA authorization to launch our 180-patient Phase
2 multi-center, multi-dose, double blind, placebo-controlled
efficacy and safety study of AV-101 as a new generation adjunctive
treatment of MDD in adult patients with an inadequate therapeutic
response to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study</font><font style="color: #000000">).  Subject to obtaining sufficient
financing, we intend to launch the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study in the first quarter of 2018, with Dr. Maurizio
Fava, Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and
Director, Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General
Hospital (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MGH</font><font style="color: #000000">) Research Institute, as Principal
Investigator.  Dr. Fava was the co-Principal Investigator
with Dr. A. John Rush of the STAR*D study, the largest clinical
trial conducted in depression to date, whose findings were
published in journals such as the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">New England Journal of
Medicine</font> <font style="color: #000000">(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NEJM</font><font style="color: #000000">) and the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Journal of the American
Medical Association</font> <font style="color: #000000">(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">JAMA</font><font style="color: #000000">). We expect to complete this study by the end of
2018, with top line results available in the first quarter of
2019.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
VistaStem Therapeutics (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">VistaStem</font><font style="color: #000000">) is our wholly owned subsidiary focused on
applying human pluripotent stem cell (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">hPSC</font><font style="color: #000000">) technology to discover, rescue, develop and
commercialize (i) proprietary new chemical entities
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NCEs</font><font style="color: #000000">) for CNS and other diseases and (ii) regenerative
medicine (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">RM</font><font style="color: #000000">) involving hPSC-derived blood, cartilage, heart
and liver cells.  Our internal drug rescue programs are
designed to utilize </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe
3D</font><font style="color: #000000">, our customized cardiac
bioassay system, to develop small molecule NCEs for our
pipeline.  To advance potential RM applications of our cardiac
stem cell technology, in December 2016, we exclusively sublicensed
to BlueRock Therapeutics LP, a next generation RM company
established by Bayer AG and Versant Ventures (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">BlueRock
Therapeutics</font><font style="color: #000000">), rights to
certain proprietary technologies relating to the production of
cardiac stem cells for the treatment of heart disease
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">BlueRock
Agreement</font><font style="color: #000000">). In a manner
similar to our exclusive sublicense agreement with BlueRock
Therapeutics, we may pursue additional RM collaborations or
licensing transactions involving blood, cartilage, and/or liver
cells derived from hPSCs for (A) cell-based therapy, (B) cell
repair therapy, and/or (C) tissue
engineering. </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 4 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Subsidiaries</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
As noted above, VistaStem is our wholly-owned subsidiary. Our
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Report</font><font style="color: #000000">) also include the accounts of VistaStem’s
two wholly-owned inactive subsidiaries, Artemis Neuroscience, Inc.,
a Maryland corporation, and VistaStem Canada, Inc., a corporation
organized under the laws of Ontario, Canada.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 2.  Basis of Presentation</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">U.S.
GAAP</font><font style="color: #000000">) for interim financial
information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and
Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not contain
all of the information and footnotes required for complete
consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management,
the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements reflect all adjustments, which include only normal
recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our interim
financial information. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated
Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 has been derived from our audited
consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include
all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.  The operating results
for the three and six months ended September 30, 2107 are not
necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for
our fiscal year ending March 31, 2018, or for any other future
interim or other period.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements and notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated
Financial Statements for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">SEC</font><font style="color: #000000">) on June 29, 2017.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going
concern. As a company having not yet developed commercial products
or achieved sustainable revenues, we have experienced recurring
losses and negative cash flows from operations resulting in a
deficit of $149.3 million accumulated from inception (May 1998)
through September 30, 2017. We expect losses and negative cash
flows from operations to continue for the foreseeable future as we
engage in further development of AV-101, initially as an adjunctive
treatment for MDD, and subsequently as a new treatment alternative
for other CNS-related conditions, as well as exploring and
potentially executing drug rescue and development opportunities
using</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font> <font style="color: #000000">3D, and potential RM programs related to
VistaStem’s technology platform.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
From our inception through September 30, 2017, we have financed our
operations and technology acquisitions primarily through the
issuance and sale of our equity and debt securities for cash
proceeds of approximately $47.6 million, as well as from an
aggregate of approximately $17.6 million of government research
grant awards, strategic collaboration payments, intellectual
property sublicensing and other revenues. We have also issued
equity securities with an approximate value at issuance of $32.3
million in non-cash settlements of certain liabilities, including
liabilities for professional services rendered to us or as
compensation for such services. Additionally, pursuant to our
February 2015 Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CRADA)</font> <font style="color: #000000">with the NIH, substantial ongoing Phase 2 clinical
development activities relating to AV-101 as a potential new
generation antidepressant are being sponsored in full, at no cost
to us other than supplying clinical trial material, by the NIMH
under the direction of Dr. Carlos Zarate Jr. as Principal
Investigator.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 48px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
At September 30, 2017, we had a cash and cash equivalents balance
of $1.76 million. This amount was not sufficient to enable us to
fund our planned operations, including expected cash expenditures
of approximately $12 million for the twelve months following the
issuance of these financial statements, including expenditures
required to launch and satisfy a portion of the projected expenses
associated with our proposed AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Our limited cash position at September 30, 2017 considered with our
recurring and anticipated losses and negative cash flows from
operations make it probable, in the absence of additional
financing, that we will not be able to meet our obligations as they
come due within one year from the date of this Report, raising
substantial doubt that we can continue as a going concern. However,
to alleviate that doubt, we plan, as we have numerous times in the
past, to raise additional financing when and as needed, primarily
through the sale of our equity securities in one or more private
placements to accredited investors or public offerings. In
September 2017, we completed a firm commitment underwritten public
offering pursuant to which we offered and sold shares of our common
stock and warrants to two of our existing institutional investors,
resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $2.4 million under our
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-215671)
(the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">S-3
Registration Statement</font><font style="color: #000000">) that
had been previously declared effective by the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Commission</font><font style="color: #000000">) to cover potential future sales of our equity
securities in one or more public offerings from time to time. (See
Note 7,</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Capital
Stock</font><font style="color: #000000">, for additional
information regarding the September 2017 public offering.) While we
may make additional sales of our equity securities under the S-3
Registration Statement, we do not have an obligation to do
so.</font></font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 5 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Additionally, in September 2017, to facilitate potential future
issuances and sales of our equity securities for ordinary corporate
finance and general corporate purposes and as recommended by our
Board of Directors (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Board</font><font style="color: #000000">), our stockholders approved an amendment to our
Restated and Amended Articles of Incorporation to increase the
number of shares of common stock available for issuance thereunder
from 30 million shares to 100 million shares, an amount our Board
determined is customary and appropriate for a Nasdaq-listed,
clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company. Following that approval,
in October 2017, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-221009) (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">S-1 Registration
Statement</font><font style="color: #000000">) pursuant to which we
anticipate completing an offering of our equity securities with
proceeds sufficient to enable the launch and completion of the
AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study and fund our internal
operations for at least the next twelve months. There can be no
assurance, however, that we will achieve effectiveness of the S-1
Registration Statement or successfully complete an offering
thereunder.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition to the sale of our equity securities, we may also seek
to enter research and development collaborations that could
generate revenue or provide substantial funding for development of
AV-101 and additional product candidates. We may also seek
additional government grant awards or agreements similar to our
current CRADA with the NIMH, which provides for the NIMH to fully
fund the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study. Such strategic
collaborations may provide non-dilutive resources to advance our
strategic initiatives while reducing a portion of our future cash
outlays and working capital requirements. In a manner similar to
the BlueRock Agreement, we may also pursue similar arrangements
with third-parties covering other of our intellectual property.
Although we may seek additional collaborations with the U.S.
government or other third-parties that could generate revenue
and/or non-dilutive funding for development of AV-101 and other
product candidates and technologies, as well as new government
grant awards and/or agreements similar to our CRADA with NIMH, no
assurance can be provided that any such collaborations, awards or
agreements will occur in the future.  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our future working capital requirements will depend on many
factors, including, without limitation, the scope and nature of
opportunities related to our success and the success of certain
other companies in clinical trials, including our development and
commercialization of AV-101, initially as an adjunctive treatment
for MDD, and for other potential CNS conditions, as well as various
potential applications of our stem cell technology platform, the
availability of, and our ability to obtain, government grant awards
and agreements, and our ability to enter into collaborations on
terms acceptable to us. To further advance the clinical development
of AV-101 and opportunities related to our stem cell technology
platform, as well as support our operating activities, we plan to
continue to carefully manage our routine operating costs, including
our employee headcount and related expenses, as well as costs
relating to regulatory consulting, contract research and
development, investor relations and corporate development, legal,
acquisition and protection of intellectual property, public company
compliance and other professional services and operating
costs. </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that
future financing will be available in sufficient amounts, in a
timely manner, or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are
unable to obtain substantial additional financing on a timely basis
when needed later in 2017 and beyond, our business, financial
condition, and results of operations may be harmed, the price of
our stock may decline, we may be required to reduce, defer, or
discontinue certain of our research and development activities and
we may not be able to continue as a going concern.  As
noted above, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do
not include any adjustments that might result from the negative
outcome of this uncertainty.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 3.  Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Use of Estimates</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.  Significant estimates
include those relating to share-based compensation, and assumptions
that have been used historically to value warrants and warrant
modifications. With the exception of the $1.25 million of
sublicense revenue recorded in the quarter ended December 31, 2016
under the BlueRock Agreement, we do not currently have, nor have we
had during the periods covered by this report, any arrangements
requiring the recognition of revenue.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and Development Expenses</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and development expenses are composed of both internal and
external costs. Internal costs include salaries and
employment-related expenses of our scientific personnel and direct
project costs. External research and development expenses consist
primarily of costs associated with nonclinical and clinical
development of AV-101, now in Phase 2 clinical development,
initially for MDD, stem cell technology-related research and
development costs, and costs related to the filing, maintenance and
prosecution of patents and patent applications, technology licenses
and protection of other intellectual property. All such costs are
charged to expense as incurred.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Stock-Based Compensation</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We recognize compensation cost for all stock-based awards to
employees or consultants based on the grant date fair value of the
award. Non-cash stock-based compensation expense is recognized over
the period during which the employee or consultant is required to
perform services in exchange for the award, which generally
represents the scheduled vesting period. We have no awards with
market or performance conditions. For equity awards to
non-employees, we re-measure the fair value of the awards as they
vest and the resulting change in value is recognized as an expense
during the period over which the services are
performed.</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 6 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The table below summarizes stock-based compensation expense
included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and six months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Three Months Ended</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Six Months Ended</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000;">
 September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000;">
 September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Research
and development expense:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Stock
option grants</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">136,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">82,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">328,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">126,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">136,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">82,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">328,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">126,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> General
and administrative expense:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:12px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Stock
option grants</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">193,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">116,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">369,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">180,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">193,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">116,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">369,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">180,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:52%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Total
stock-based compensation expense</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">330,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">198,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">697,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">306,700</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In April 2017, our Board approved the grant of options to purchase
an aggregate of 880,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise
price of $1.96 per share to the independent members of our Board,
our officers and our employees. In September 2017, our stockholders
approved an amendment to our 2016 Amended and Restated Stock
Incentive Plan (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">2016 Plan</font><font style="color: #000000">) to increase the number of shares issuable
thereunder from 3.0 million shares to 10.0 million shares.
Following that approval, our Board authorized the grant of options
to purchase an aggregate of 770,000 shares of our common stock at
an exercise price of $1.56 per share to the independent members of
our Board, our officers, employees and certain consultants. We
valued the options granted in April 2017 and September 2017 using
the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the following weighted
average assumptions:</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Assumption:</font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
April 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
September 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Market
price per share at grant date</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.96</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.56</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Exercise
price per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.96</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.56</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Risk-free
interest rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2.02</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.99</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Contractual
or estimated term in years</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6.48</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6.70</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Volatility</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">83.24</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">92.29</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Dividend
rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Shares</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">880,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">770,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Fair Value per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.42</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.20</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In June 2016, our Board approved the grant of options to purchase
an aggregate of 655,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise
price of $3.49 per share to the independent members of our Board
and to our officers, including our then-newly-hired Chief Medical
Officer. In September 2016, the Board approved the grant of an
option to purchase 125,000 shares of our common stock at an
exercise price of $4.27 per share to another then-newly-hired
officer. We valued the options granted in June 2016 and September
2016 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the following
weighted average assumptions:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Assumption:</font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
June 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
September 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Market
price per share at grant date</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.49</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">4.27</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Exercise
price per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.49</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">4.27</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Risk-free
interest rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.34</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.29</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Contractual
or estimated term in years</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6.68</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6.25</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Volatility</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">81.69</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">83.26</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Dividend
rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Shares</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">655,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">125,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Fair Value per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2.50</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.05</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
At September 30, 2017, there were stock options outstanding to
purchase 3,279,871 shares of our common stock at a weighted average
exercise price of $3.23 per share.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Comprehensive Loss</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have no components of other comprehensive loss other than net
loss, and accordingly our comprehensive loss is equivalent to our
net loss for the periods presented.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 7 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Income (Loss) per Common Share</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Basic
net <font style="color: #000000">income (loss)</font> per share of
common stock excludes the effect of dilution and is computed by
dividing <font style="color: #000000">net income (loss)</font> by
the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding
for the period. Diluted net <font style="color: #000000">income
(loss)</font> per share of common stock reflects the potential
dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue
shares of common stock were exercised or converted into shares of
common stock.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
As a result of our net loss for the periods presented,</font>
potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation
of net loss per share, as their effect would be antidilutive. For
the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016,
the accrual for dividends on our Series B 10% Convertible Preferred
Stock (<font style="font-style: italic">Series B Preferred</font>)
and, in 2016, the deemed dividend attributable to our sale and
issuance of Series B Preferred Units, each consisting of one share
of Series B Preferred and a five-year warrant to purchase one share
of our common stock for $7.00, represent deductions from our net
loss to arrive at net loss attributable to common stockholders for
those periods.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Potentially
dilutive securities excluded in determining diluted net loss
attributable to common stockholders per common share are as
follows:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family:Times New Roman;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
As of September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">Series A Preferred stock issued and
outstanding</font> <font style="font-size: 70%; vertical-align: top; color: #000000">(1)</font></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">750,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">750,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">Series B Preferred stock issued and
outstanding</font> <font style="font-size: 70%; vertical-align: top; color: #000000">(2)</font></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,160,240</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,160,240</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">Series C Preferred stock issued and
outstanding</font> <font style="font-size: 70%; vertical-align: top; color: #000000">(3)</font></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,318,012</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,318,012</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Outstanding
options under the Amended and Restated 2016 (formerly 2008) and
1999 Stock Incentive Plans</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3,279,871</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,100,643</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Outstanding
warrants to purchase common stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">6,965,151</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">4,678,414</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">14,473,274</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">10,007,309</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">____________</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"><font style="vertical-align:top;font-size:70%;color:#000000;">(1)</font>
<font style="color:#000000;">Assumes exchange under the terms of
the October 11, 2012 Note Exchange and Purchase Agreement, as
amended</font></font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"><font style="vertical-align:top;font-size:70%;color:#000000;">(2)</font>
<font style="color:#000000;">Assumes exchange under the terms of
the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and
Preferences of the Series B 10% Convertible Preferred Stock,
effective May 5, 2015</font></font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"><font style="vertical-align:top;font-size:70%;color:#000000;">(3)</font>
<font style="color:#000000;">Assumes exchange under the terms of
the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and
Preferences of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, effective
January 25, 2016</font></font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Fair Value Measurements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We do not use derivative instruments for hedging of market risks or
for trading or speculative purposes. We carried no assets or
liabilities at fair value at September 30, 2017 or March 31,
2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Recent Accounting Pronouncements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Except
as described below, there have been no recent accounting
pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the
six months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the recent
accounting pronouncements described in our Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2017, that are of significance or potential
significance to us.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 8 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In July
2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (<font style="font-style: italic">FASB</font>) issued Accounting Standards
Update (<font style="font-style: italic">ASU</font>) 2017-11,
“Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities
from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Part
I: Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round
Features; Part II: Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for
Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic
Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling
Interests with a Scope Exception” (<font style="font-style: italic">ASU 2017-11</font>). Part I of this ASU
provides that an entity will no longer have to consider “down
round” features (i.e., a provision in an equity-linked
financial instrument, such as a free-standing warrant, or an
embedded feature, such as a conversion option in a convertible
instrument, that reduces the exercise price of such instrument if
the entity subsequently sells stock for a lower price or issues an
equity-linked instrument with a lower exercise price) when
determining whether certain equity-linked financial instruments or
embedded features are indexed to its own stock. The definition of a
down round feature in ASU 2017-11 excludes standard antidilution
provisions related to changes in an entity’s capital
structure. Accounting Standards Codification Topic 815-40,
“Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s
Own Equity” (<font style="font-style: italic">ASC
815-40</font>) requires that a freestanding equity-linked financial
instrument be indexed to the issuer’s own stock to be
classified as equity. An equity-linked embedded feature that meets
the definition of a derivative may avoid bifurcation and derivative
accounting if it is indexed to the issuer’s own stock. Under
the terms of prior guidance, a freestanding financial instrument or
embedded feature was not considered indexed to the issuer’s
own stock if it had a down round provision. Consequently, the
freestanding financial instrument was classified as a liability (or
asset), and if it met the definition of a derivative, was measured
at fair value with changes in fair value recorded through earnings.
Similarly, an embedded feature was bifurcated and separately
accounted for as a derivative if it met all other criteria for
bifurcation under ASC 815-40. The bifurcated embedded feature was
also measured at fair value through earnings. Under the provisions
of ASU 2017-11, an entity that presents earnings per share
(<font style="font-style: italic">EPS</font>) under Accounting
Standards Codification Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”
will recognize the effect of a down round feature in a freestanding
equity-classified financial instrument only when it is triggered.
The effect of triggering such a feature will be recognized as a
dividend and a reduction to income available to common shareholders
in basic EPS. The new guidance requires new disclosures for
financial instruments with down round features and other terms that
change conversion or exercise prices. Part I of ASU 2017-11 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and
interim periods therein, however early adoption is permitted. We
early-adopted ASU 2017-11 effective for the quarter ended September
30, 2017 and applied its guidance to certain of the warrants issued
in the September 2017 Public Offering, as described more completely
in Note 7, <font style="font-style: italic">Capital Stock</font>.
No retrospective adjustments to our financial statements were
required as a result of our adoption of ASU 2017-11.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In
February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-2,
“Leases.” This ASU requires substantially all leases,
including operating leases, to be recognized by lessees on their
balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease
liability. This ASU is effective for our interim and annual
reporting periods beginning April 1, 2019 and early adoption is
permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption
of this ASU will have on our financial statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In
March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to
Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which simplified
several aspects of the accounting for share-based payments,
including immediate recognition of all excess tax benefits and
deficiencies in the income statement, changing the threshold to
qualify for equity classification up to the employees’
maximum statutory tax rates, allowing an entity-wide accounting
policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are
expected to vest or account for forfeitures as they occur, and
clarifying the classification on the statement of cash flows for
the excess tax benefit and employee taxes paid when an employer
withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. This ASU became
effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning
April 1, 2017, and the adoption of this standard did not have a
material impact on our financial statements. Pursuant to our
adoption of this standard, we elected to account for the impact of
option forfeitures as they occur.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 4.  Prepaid Expenses and Other Current
Assets</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Prepaid expenses and other current assets are composed of the
following at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 March 31,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Insurance</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">130,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">85,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> AV-101
materials and services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">357,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">352,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Public
offering expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">30,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">11,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> All
other</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">44,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">6,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:4px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">563,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">456,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 5.  Accrued Expenses</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Accrued expenses are composed of the following at September 30,
2017 and March 31, 2017:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<br>
</div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 March 31,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Accrued
professional services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">61,300</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">37,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Accrued
AV-101 development and related expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">102,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">402,400</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Accrued
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">451,900</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> All
other</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">10,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:4px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">625,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">443,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 9 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 6.  Notes Payable</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The following table summarizes our unsecured promissory notes at
September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:30%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:3%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:94%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000;">
September 30, 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:3%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:30%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:3%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:94%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000;">
March 31, 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:3%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Principal</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Accrued</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-weight: bold;">
 </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Principal</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Accrued</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-weight: bold;">
 </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Balance</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Interest</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Total</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Balance</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Interest</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;">
<div><font style="font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">
Total</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; font-weight: bold;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">7.95%
and 8.25% Notes payable to insurance</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">premium
financing company (current)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:40%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
notes payable to unrelated parties</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12px; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px; margin-left: 0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">less:
current portion</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">(105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">(105,200</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">(54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">(54,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2px; font-size: 13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
non-current portion</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0);">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 4px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In May 2017, we executed a 7.95% promissory note in the principal
amount of $142,400 in connection with insurance policy premiums.
The note is payable in monthly installments of $14,800, including
principal and interest, through March 2018, and had a remaining
outstanding balance of $86,600 at September 30, 2017. In February
2017, we executed a promissory note in the principal amount of
$60,700 in connection with other insurance policy premiums. That
note is payable in monthly installments of $6,300, including
principal and interest, and had an outstanding balance of $18,600
at September 30, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 7.  Capital Stock</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">At our
Annual Meeting of Stockholders on September 15, 2017, as approved
by and recommended to our stockholders by our Board, our
stockholders approved an amendment to our Restated and Amended
Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of
shares of common stock that the Company may issue from 30.0 million
shares to 100.0 million shares. The amendment became effective on
September 15, 2017, upon our filing of a certificate of amendment
with the Secretary of State of the state of Nevada.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">
Common Stock and Warrants Issued in</font> <font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000">Firm
Commitment Underwritten</font><font style="color: #000000"> </font><font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">Public
Offering</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
On September 6, 2017, we completed a firm commitment underwritten
public offering pursuant to which we offered and sold shares of our
common stock and warrants to two of our existing institutional
investors, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $2.4
million (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">September 2017 Public
Offering</font><font style="color: #000000">). We issued an
aggregate of 1,371,430 shares of our common stock, Series A1
Warrants to purchase up to 1,388,931 shares of common stock and
Series A2 Warrants to purchase up to 503,641 of common stock
(collectively, the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Warrants</font><font style="color: #000000">), each exercisable for $1.82 per share in the
September 2017 Public Offering. The Series A1 Warrants will be
exercisable by the investors for a five-year period commencing on
March 7, 2018, and the Series A2 Warrants are exercisable at any
time through September 6, 2022. The common stock and the shares of
common stock underlying the Warrants issued in the September 2017
Public Offering were offered, issued and sold pursuant to our S-3
Registration Statement</font> that had previously been declared
effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
<font style="font-style: italic">Commission</font>) to cover this
and potential future sales of our equity securities in one or more
public offerings from time to time. <font style="color: #000000">We
received net proceeds of approximately $2.0 million from the
September 2017 Public Offering, after deducting underwriter’s
commission and other expenses related to the
offering.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The 1,388,931 Series A1 Warrants issued in the September 2017
Public Offering have no anti-dilution or other exercise price or
share reset features, except as is customary with respect to a
change in our capital structure in the event of a stock split or
dividend, and, accordingly, we have accounted for them as equity
warrants. T</font>he <font style="color: #000000">503,641</font>
Series A2 Warrants contain anti-dilution protection provisions that
will take effect upon the issuance of any common stock, securities
convertible into common stock or certain other issuances at a price
below the then-current (currently $1.82 per share) exercise price
of the Series A2 Warrants, with certain exceptions; provided,
however, that such anti-dilution protection will terminate
automatically on the trading day following the date on which we
have raised at least $20.0 million in aggregate gross proceeds
through one or more issuances of common stock or equity-linked
securities. The anti-dilution protection provisions in the Series
A2 Warrants constitute a down round feature subject to the guidance
in ASU 2017-11. Since the Series A2 Warrants contain no other
provisions which require their treatment as liability warrants
rather than equity warrants, including the <font style="color: #000000">exercise price or share reset features, except as
is customary with respect to a change in our capital structure in
the event of a stock split or dividend and which are also present
in the Series A1 Warrants, we have also accounted for the Series A2
Warrants as equity warrants.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Common Stock and Warrants Issued in Private Placements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">During
the quarter ended June 30, 2017, in self-placed private placement
transactions, we accepted subscription agreements from individual
accredited investors, pursuant to which we sold to such investors
units, at a weighted average purchase price of $2.00 per unit,
consisting of an aggregate of 437,751 unregistered shares of our
common stock and warrants, exercisable through April 30, 2021, to
purchase an aggregate of 218,875 unregistered shares of our common
stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.99 per share. The
purchasers of the units have no registration rights with respect to
the shares of common stock, warrants or the shares of common stock
issuable upon exercise of the warrants comprising the units sold.
The warrants are not exercisable until six months and one day
following the date of issuance. We received aggregate cash proceeds
of $873,300 in connection with these self-placed private placement
transactions, and the entire amount of the proceeds was credited to
stockholders’ equity.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 10 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In
August 2017, in a self-placed private placement transaction, we
sold to an accredited investor units consisting of 28,572 shares of
our unregistered common stock and warrants exercisable through
April 30, 2021 to purchase 28,572 unregistered shares of our common
stock at an exercise price of $4.00 per share. The purchaser of the
units has no registration rights with respect to the shares of
common stock, warrants or the shares of common stock issuable upon
exercise of the warrants comprising the units sold. The warrants
are not exercisable until six months and one day following the date
of issuance. We received cash proceeds of $50,000 from this sale of
our securities, and the entire amount of the proceeds was credited
to stockholders’ equity.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Issuance of Common Stock to Professional Services
Providers</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
During the quarter ended June 30, 2017,</font> we issued 25,000
shares of our unregistered common stock having a fair value on the
date of issuance of $49,800 as partial compensation to an investor
relations service provider.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">During
the quarter ended September 30, 2017, our Board of Directors
(<font style="font-style: italic">Board</font>) approved the
issuance of an aggregate of 927,500 unregistered shares of our
common stock, of which 477,500 shares were issued from our 2016
Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan, for various professional
services, including contract research, legal, investor relations
and financial advisory services. The common stock issued had an
aggregate fair value of $1,503,600 on the dates issued, of which
all but $161,300 has been recognized as noncash expense during the
quarter ended September 30, 2017. The un-expensed portion at
September 30, 2017 is being recognized in expense ratably through
July 2019 in accordance with the terms of work orders for certain
contract research services to be provided through that
period.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Modification of Warrants Issued in Private Placements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In September 2017, the Board authorized the modification of
outstanding warrants issued in private placement transactions
between March 2017 and June 2017 to reduce the exercise prices and
increase the number of shares for which the warrants were
exercisable. We calculated the fair value of the warrant
immediately before and after the modification using the Black
Scholes Option Pricing Model and the weighted average assumptions
indicated in the table below. We recognized the additional fair
value, $279,700, as warrant modification expense, included as a
component of general and administrative expenses, in our Condensed
Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Assumption:</font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Pre-modification</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 13px; font-family: Times New Roman; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Post-modification</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2px; width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Market
price per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.54</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.54</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Exercise
price per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.99</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Risk-free
interest rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Remaining
contractual term in years</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Volatility</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">95.5</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">95.5</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Dividend
rate</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.0</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">%</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Number
of warrant shares</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">247,500</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">495,001</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Weighted average fair value per share</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.71</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:75%;font-size:13px;">0.92</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 11 -</font></div>
</div>
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<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Warrants Outstanding</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Following the warrant issuances in the September 2017 Public
Offering and in the self-placed private placement transactions and
the warrant modifications described above, at September 30, 2017,
we had outstanding warrants to purchase shares of our common stock
at a weighted average exercise price of $4.77 per share as
follows:</font></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Exercise Price</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Expiration</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Warrants Outstanding at</font></div>
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
per Share</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Date</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1.82</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">9/6/2022
to 3/7/2023</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,892,572</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">4/30/2021</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">495,001</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3.51</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">12/31/2021</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">50,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">4.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">4/30/2021</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">28,572</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">4.50</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">9/26/2019</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">25,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">5.30</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">5/16/2021</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,705,883</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">9/26/2019
to 11/30/2019</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">97,750</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">7.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">12/11/2018
to 3/3/2023</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,346,931</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">8.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">3/25/2021</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">185,000</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">10.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">11/15/2017
to 1/11/2020</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">24,394</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">20.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">9/15/2019</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">110,448</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;">30.00</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 2px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">11/20/2017</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 5%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 75%; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">3,600</font><font style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; vertical-align: bottom; display: inline-block; width: 10%; font-size: 13px; padding-bottom: 2px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:4px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">6,965,151</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
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</div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
With the exception of 2,705,883 shares of common stock underlying
the warrants exercisable at $5.30 per share issued in our May 2016
public offering and 1,892,572 shares of common stock underlying the
warrants exercisable at $1.82 per share issued in our September
2017 Public Offering, all of the common shares issuable upon
exercise of our outstanding warrants are unregistered.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 8.  Related Party Transactions</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Cato Holding Company (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CHC</font><font style="color: #000000">), doing business as Cato BioVentures
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CBV</font><font style="color: #000000">), is the parent of Cato Research Ltd.
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CRL</font><font style="color: #000000">). CRL is a contract research, development and
regulatory services organization (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CRO</font><font style="color: #000000">) recently engaged by us for a wide range of
material aspects related to the nonclinical and clinical
development and regulatory affairs associated with our efforts to
develop and commercialize AV-101 for MDD and other potential CNS
indications. CBV is among our largest institutional stockholders at
September 30, 2017, holding approximately 7.8% of our outstanding
common stock. In October 2012, we issued certain unsecured
promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately
$1.3 million to CBV and CRL (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Cato Notes</font><font style="color: #000000">) as payment in full for all contract research and
development services and regulatory advice previously rendered
to us by CRL for nonclinical and Phase 1 development of AV-101. In
June 2015, the Cato Notes and additional amounts payable to CRL for
CRO services related to AV-101 were extinguished in exchange for
our issuance of an aggregate of 328,571 shares of Series B
Preferred stock to CBV, which shares of Series B Preferred stock
were automatically converted in accordance with their terms into an
equal number of registered shares of our common stock as a result
of our May 2016 public offering.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In July
2017, we entered into a Master Services Agreement (<font style="font-style: italic">MSA</font>) with CRL, which replaced a
substantially similar May 2007 master services agreement, pursuant
to which CRL may assist us in the evaluation, development,
commercialization and marketing of our potential product
candidates, including AV-101, and provide regulatory and strategic
consulting services as requested from time to time. Specific
projects or services are and will be delineated in individual work
orders negotiated from time-to-time under the MSA. <font style="color: #000000">Under the terms of work orders issued pursuant to
the July 2017 MSA and our May 2007 master services agreement with
CRL, we incurred expenses of $484,000 and $27,800 during the
quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and
$612,200 and $78,200 in the six-month periods ended September 30,
2017 and 2016, respectively. During the quarter ended September 30,
2017, we issued an aggregate of 300,000 unregistered shares of our
common stock to CRL under the terms of certain work orders for
current and future CRO services relating to our development of
AV-101 for MDD, the fair value of which represented approximately
$364,000 of the reported CRO expense for the quarter then ended. We
anticipate periodic expenses for CRO services from CRL related to
nonclinical and clinical development of, and regulatory affairs
related to, AV-101 and other potential product candidates will
increase in future periods.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Note 9.  Subsequent Events</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">We have
evaluated subsequent events through November 9, 2017 and have
identified the following matters requiring disclosure:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Issuance of Common Stock to Professional Services
Providers</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In October 2017, we issued an aggregate of 70,000 shares of our
unregistered common stock having an aggregate fair value of $83,800
to certain professional service providers.</font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<tr>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Item 2.</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 93%">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a name="mda">M</a>ANAGEMENT’S D<a name="mdanda">I</a>SCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</font></div>
</td>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Report) includes
forward-looking statements. All statements contained in this Report
other than statements of historical fact, including statements
regarding our future results of operations and financial position,
our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future
operations, are forward-looking statements. The words
“believe,” “may,” “estimate,”
“continue,” “anticipate,”
“intend,” “expect” and similar expressions
are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based
these forward-looking statements largely on our current
expectations and projections about future events and trends that we
believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations,
business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and
objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements
are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions.
Our business is subject to significant risks including, but not
limited to, our ability to obtain substantial additional financing,
the results of our research and development efforts, the results of
nonclinical and clinical testing, the effect of regulation by the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other agencies, the
impact of competitive products, product development,
commercialization and technological difficulties, the effect of our
accounting policies, and other risks as detailed in the section
entitled “Risk Factors” in this
Report.  Further, even if our product candidates appear
promising at various stages of development, our share price may
decrease such that we are unable to raise additional capital
without significant dilution or other terms that may be
unacceptable to our management, Board and
stockholders.</font><br></font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing
environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible
for our management or Board to predict all risks, nor can we assess
the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which
any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to
differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking
statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and
assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Report
may not occur and actual results could differ materially and
adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking
statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions
of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the
forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur. Although
we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking
statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results,
levels of activity, performance or achievements. We are under no
duty to update any of these forward-looking statements after the
date of this Report or to conform these statements to actual
results or revised expectations. If we do update one or more
forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we
will make additional updates with respect to those or other
forward-looking statements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Business Overview</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on
developing new generation medicines for depression and other
central nervous system (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CNS</font><font style="color: #000000">) disorders. Unless the context otherwise
requires, the words “</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">VistaGen Therapeutics,
Inc.</font><font style="color: #000000">”
“</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">VistaGen</font><font style="color: #000000">,” “</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">we</font><font style="color: #000000">,” “</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">the Company</font><font style="color: #000000">,” “</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">us</font><font style="color: #000000">” and “</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">our</font><font style="color: #000000">” refer to VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc., a
Nevada corporation. All references to future quarters and years in
this Item 2 refer to calendar quarters and calendar years, unless
reference is made otherwise.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
AV-101 is our oral CNS product candidate in Phase 2 clinical
development in the United States, initially as a new generation
adjunctive treatment for Major Depressive Disorder
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MDD</font><font style="color: #000000">) in patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants approved by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">FDA</font><font style="color: #000000">).  AV-101’s mechanism of action
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MOA</font><font style="color: #000000">) involves both NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and
AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid)
receptors in the brain responsible for fast excitatory synaptic
activity throughout the CNS.  AV-101’s MOA is
fundamentally differentiated from all FDA-approved antidepressants,
as well as all atypical antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole, often
used adjunctively to augment them. We believe AV-101 also has
potential as a non-opioid treatment alternative for neuropathic
pain, as well as several additional CNS indications</font>
<font style="color: #333333; background-color: #FFFFFF">where
modulation of the NMDA receptors, activation of AMPA pathways
and/or key active metabolites of AV-101 may achieve therapeutic
benefit</font><font style="color: #000000">, including
Parkinson’s disease levodopa -induced dyskinesia
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">PD
LID</font><font style="color: #000000">), epilepsy and
Huntington’s disease.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Clinical studies conducted at the U.S. National Institute of Mental
Health (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIMH</font><font style="color: #000000">), part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIH</font><font style="color: #000000">), by Dr. Carlos Zarate, Jr., Chief of the
NIMH’s Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch
and its Section on Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood and Anxiety
Disorders, have focused on the antidepressant effects of ketamine
hydrochloride injection (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">ketamine</font><font style="color: #000000">), an ion-channel blocking NMDA receptor
antagonist approved by the FDA as an anesthetic, in MDD patients
with inadequate responses to multiple standard antidepressants.
These NIMH studies, as well as clinical research at Yale University
and other academic institutions, have demonstrated ketamine’s
robust antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant MDD patients
within twenty-four hours of a single sub-anesthetic dose
administered by intravenous (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">IV</font><font style="color: #000000">) injection.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We believe AV-101 may have potential to deliver ketamine-like
antidepressant effects, without the need for IV administration and
ketamine’s psychological and other negative side effects. As
published in the October 2015 issue of the
peer-reviewed </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Journal of Pharmacology and
Experimental Therapeutics, </font><font style="color: #000000">in an article titled, </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">The prodrug 4-chlorokynurenine
causes ketamine-like antidepressant effects, but not side effects,
by NMDA/glycineB-site inhibition,</font><font style="color: #000000"> using well-established preclinical models of
depression, AV-101 was shown to induce fast-acting, dose-dependent,
persistent and statistically significant antidepressant-like
responses following a single treatment. These responses were
equivalent to those seen with a single sub-anesthetic control dose
of ketamine. In addition, these studies confirmed that the
fast-acting antidepressant effects of AV-101 were mediated through
both inhibiting the GlyB site of the NMDA receptor and activating
the AMPA receptor pathway in the brain.</font></font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="color: #000000">Pursuant to our Cooperative Research
and Development Agreement (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CRADA</font><font style="color: #000000">) with the NIMH, the NIMH is currently funding,
and Dr. Zarate, as Principal Investigator, and his team are
currently conducting, a small Phase 2 clinical study of AV-101 as a
monotherapy in subjects with treatment-resistant MDD
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Monotherapy Study</font><font style="color: #000000">). In October
2017, we received FDA authorization to launch our 180-patient Phase
2 multi-center, multi-dose, double blind, placebo-controlled
efficacy and safety study of AV-101 as a new generation adjunctive
treatment of MDD in adult patients with an inadequate therapeutic
response to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study</font><font style="color: #000000">).  Subject to obtaining sufficient
financing, we intend to launch the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study in the first quarter of 2018 with Dr. Maurizio
Fava, Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and
Director, Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General
Hospital (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">MGH</font><font style="color: #000000">) Research Institute, as Principal
Investigator.  Dr. Fava was the co-Principal Investigator
with Dr. A. John Rush of the STAR*D study, the largest clinical
trial conducted in depression to date, whose findings were
published in journals such as the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">New England Journal of
Medicine</font> <font style="color: #000000">(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NEJM</font><font style="color: #000000">) and the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Journal of the American
Medical Association</font> <font style="color: #000000">(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">JAMA</font><font style="color: #000000">). If started in the first quarter of 2018, we
expect to complete this study by the end of 2018, with top line
results available in the first quarter of
2019.</font></font><br></font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
VistaStem Therapeutics (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">VistaStem</font><font style="color: #000000">) is our wholly owned subsidiary focused on
applying human pluripotent stem cell (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">hPSC</font><font style="color: #000000">) technology to discover, rescue, develop and
commercialize (i) proprietary new chemical entities
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NCEs</font><font style="color: #000000">) for CNS and other diseases and (ii) regenerative
medicine (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">RM</font><font style="color: #000000">) involving hPSC-derived blood, cartilage, heart
and liver cells.  Our internal drug rescue programs are
designed to utilize </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe
3D</font><font style="color: #000000">, our customized cardiac
bioassay system, to develop small molecule NCEs for our
pipeline.  To advance potential RM applications of our cardiac
stem cell technology, in December 2016, we exclusively sublicensed
to BlueRock Therapeutics LP, a next generation RM company
established by Bayer AG and Versant Ventures (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">BlueRock
Therapeutics</font><font style="color: #000000">), rights to
certain proprietary technologies relating to the production of
cardiac stem cells for the treatment of heart disease
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">BlueRock
Agreement</font><font style="color: #000000">). In a manner
similar to our exclusive sublicense agreement with BlueRock
Therapeutics, we may pursue additional RM collaborations or
licensing transactions involving blood, cartilage, and/or liver
cells derived from hPSCs for (A) cell-based therapy, (B) cell
repair therapy, and/or (C) tissue
engineering. </font></font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
AV-101 and Major Depressive Disorder</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Background</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The World Health Organization (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">WHO</font><font style="color: #000000">) estimates that 300 million people worldwide are
affected by depression. According to the NIH, major depression is
one of the most common mental disorders in the U.S. The NIMH
reports that, in 2014, approximately 16 million adults in the U.S.
had at least one major depressive episode in the past year.
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CDC</font><font style="color: #000000">) one in 10 Americans over the age of 12 takes a
standard, FDA-approved antidepressant.</font></font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Most standard antidepressants target neurotransmitter reuptake
inhibition – either serotonin (antidepressants known
as </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">SSRIs</font><font style="color: #000000">) or serotonin/norepinephrine (antidepressants
known as </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">SNRIs</font><font style="color: #000000">). Even when effective, these standard
antidepressants take many weeks to achieve adequate therapeutic
effects. Nearly two out of every three drug-treated depression
patients do not obtain adequate therapeutic benefit from initial
treatment with a standard antidepressant. Even after treatment with
many different standard antidepressants, nearly one out of every
three drug-treated depression patients still do not achieve
adequate therapeutic benefits from their antidepressant
medication.  Such patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants often seek to augment their treatment
regimen by adding an atypical antipsychotic (drugs such as
aripiprazole), despite only modest potential therapeutic benefit
and the significant risk of additional side
effects.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
All standard antidepressants have risks of side effects, including,
among others, anxiety, metabolic syndrome, sleep disturbance and
sexual dysfunction. Adjunctive use of atypical antipsychotics to
augment inadequately performing standard antidepressants may
increase the risk of significant side effects, including, tardive
dyskinesia, substantial weight gain, diabetes and heart disease,
while offering only a modest potential increase in therapeutic
benefit.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
AV-101</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
AV-101 is our oral CNS product candidate in Phase 2 development in
the United States, initially focused as a new generation
antidepressant for the adjunctive treatment of MDD patients with an
inadequate response to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants. As
published in the October 2015 issue of the
peer-reviewed </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Journal of Pharmacology and
Experimental Therapeutics, </font><font style="color: #000000">in an article titled, “The prodrug
4-chlorokynurenine causes ketamine-like antidepressant effects, but
not side effects, by NMDA/glycineB-site
inhibition,” using well-established preclinical models
of depression, AV-101 was shown to induce fast-acting,
dose-dependent, persistent and statistically significant
ketamine-like antidepressant effects following a single treatment,
responses equivalent to those seen with a single sub-anesthetic
control dose of ketamine, without the negative side effects seen
with ketamine. In addition, these studies confirmed that the
antidepressant effects of AV-101 were mediated through both
inhibition of the GlyB site of NMDA receptors and activation of the
AMPA receptor pathway in the brain, a key final common pathway
feature of certain new generation antidepressants such as ketamine
and AV-101, each with a MOA that is fundamentally different from
all standard antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics used
adjunctively to augment them.</font></font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have completed two NIH-funded, randomized, double blind,
placebo-controlled AV-101 Phase 1 safety studies. Currently,
pursuant to our CRADA with the NIMH and Dr. Carlos Zarate, Jr., the
NIMH is currently funding, and Dr. Zarate, as Principal
Investigator, and his team are currently conducting, the NIMH
AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study. Although we are not involved
in conducting this study, we currently anticipate that the NIMH
will complete the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study during
the first half of 2018.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="color: #000000">We are preparing to begin the AV-101
MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study, which will test the safety,
efficacy and tolerability of AV-101 as an adjunctive treatment of
MDD in adult patients with an inadequate response to standard,
FDA-approved antidepressants. Subject to receiving sufficient
financing, we intend to launch the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study in the first quarter of 2018. In connection with
our preparation for this study, as well as potential Phase 3
development and commercialization of AV-101, we, together with our
contract manufacturing organization (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CMO</font><font style="color: #000000">), developed a novel process for the production of
AV-101 drug substance. We believe our new proprietary production
process will significantly improve AV-101 manufacturing efficiency,
thereby reducing the current and future cost of manufacturing
AV-101 drug substance and improving the yield of AV-101 drug
substance manufactured. While developing our new manufacturing
process, our CMO produced a batch of AV-101 drug substance that
contained certain impurities not within the limits set out by the
International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical
Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human
Use (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">the ICH</font><font style="color: #000000"> </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Guidelines</font><font style="color: #000000">). The FDA routinely utilizes the ICH Guidelines
as an industry standard for development stage programs such as our
AV-101 Phase 2 program. Consequently, the FDA placed a clinical
hold on the launch of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment
Study until we either (a) further improved our AV-101 manufacturing
process to remove the impurities or reduce the impurities below
applicable limits in the ICH Guidelines, or (b) conducted a
bridging toxicology study to qualify the impurities as safe for
clinical use. In response to the FDA’s requests, we did both.
We further improved our AV-101 manufacturing process, produced a
new batch of AV-101 drug substance using the improved process, and
now have analytical results from that batch showing that the
impurities were reduced to a level below the limits of the ICH
Guidelines. In addition, we conducted a bridging toxicology study,
the results of which confirmed that the impurities found in the
AV-101 drug substance tested were safe for clinical
use.</font></font><br></font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The FDA also requested additional contraceptive protection in the
upcoming clinical study until we complete preclinical reproductive
toxicology studies that are routinely conducted later in stages of
clinical development. Although previous toxicology studies for
AV-101 do not suggest any reproductive organ involvement, and we
have confirmed with the FDA that our proposed study is a Phase 2
study, we have implemented additional contraceptive measures in the
revised protocol for the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment
Study that will remain in effect until standard reproductive
toxicology studies are completed in the ordinary course prior to
commencement of Phase 3 development. We have confirmed with the FDA
that our recently implemented contraceptive measures are
appropriate for the current stage of development of
AV-101.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In September 2017, we requested, and were granted, a
pre-IND Type A meeting with the FDA’s Division of
Psychiatry to discuss certain matters pertaining to our AV-101
development program and the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment
Study. Subsequent to our Type A Meeting with the FDA, we submitted
the supplemental data from our new manufacturing process, the
bridging toxicology report and our study protocol, revised to
address the FDA’s comments. These documents adequately
addressed all concerns raised by the FDA to date. Consequently, on
October 26, 2017, FDA authorized us to proceed, under our
Investigational New Drug (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">IND</font><font style="color: #000000">) application, with the AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Adjunctive Treatment Study.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We believe preclinical studies and Phase 1 safety studies support
our hypothesis that AV-101 also has potential as a non-opioid
treatment alternative for neuropathic pain, as well as several
additional CNS indications</font> <font style="color: #333333; background-color: #FFFFFF">where modulation of the
NMDA receptors, activation of AMPA pathways and/or key active
metabolites of AV-101 may achieve therapeutic
benefit</font><font style="color: #000000">, including PD LID,
epilepsy, and Huntington’s disease. We are beginning to plan
additional Phase 2 clinical studies to further evaluate the
therapeutic potential of AV-101 beyond MDD.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CardioSafe 3D™; NCE Drug Rescue and Regenerative
Medicine</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
VistaStem Therapeutics is our wholly owned subsidiary focused on
applying hPSC technology to discover, rescue, develop and
commercialize proprietary small molecule NCEs for CNS and other
diseases, as well as potential cellular therapies involving stem
cell-derived blood, cartilage, heart and liver cells.</font>
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D™ is our
customized </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">in vitro</font><font style="color: #000000"> cardiac bioassay system capable of
predicting potential human heart toxicity of small molecule
NCEs </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">in vitro</font><font style="color: #000000">, long before they are ever tested in animal and
human studies. Potential commercial applications of our stem cell
technology platform involve using </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D internally for NCE drug discovery and
drug rescue to expand our proprietary drug candidate pipeline. Drug
rescue involves leveraging substantial prior research and
development investments by pharmaceutical companies and others
related to public domain NCE programs terminated before FDA
approval due to heart toxicity risks and RM and cellular therapies.
To advance potential RM applications of our cardiac stem cell
technology, in December 2016, we exclusively sublicensed to
BlueRock Therapeutics LP, a next generation regenerative medicine
company established by Bayer AG and Versant Ventures, rights to
certain proprietary technologies relating to the production of
cardiac stem cells for the treatment of heart disease. In a manner
similar to the BlueRock Agreement, we may also pursue additional
potential RM applications using blood, cartilage, and/or liver
cells derived from hPSCs for (A) cell-based therapy (injection of
stem cell-derived mature organ-specific cells obtained through
directed differentiation), (B) cell repair therapy (induction of
regeneration by biologically active molecules administered alone or
produced by infused genetically engineered cells), or (C) tissue
engineering (transplantation of </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">in vitro</font><font style="color: #000000"> grown complex tissues) using hPSC-derived
blood, bone, cartilage, and/or liver cells.</font></font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Financial Operations Overview and Results of
Operations</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our critical accounting policies and estimates and recent
accounting pronouncements are disclosed in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, as filed with
the SEC on June 29, 2017, and in Note 3 to the accompanying
unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in
Part 1, Item 1 of this Report.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Summary</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Net Loss</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Despite
generating $1.25 million of sublicense revenue from the BlueRock
Agreement in December 2016, we have not yet achieved recurring
revenue-generating status from any of our product candidates or
technologies. <font style="color: #000000">Since our inception in
May 1998, we have devoted substantially all of our time and efforts
to developing our lead CNS product candidate, AV-101, from early
nonclinical studies to our ongoing Phase 2 clinical development
program in MDD, as well as stem cell technology research and
development, bioassay development, small molecule drug development,
and creating, protecting and patenting intellectual property
related to our product candidates and technologies, with the
corollary initiatives of recruiting and retaining personnel and
raising working capital.</font> As of September 30, 2017, we had an
accumulated deficit of approximately $149.3 million. Our net loss
for the six months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was
approximately $7.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. We
expect losses to continue for the foreseeable future, primarily
related to our further development of AV-101 for the adjunctive
treatment of MDD, as well as other CNS indications.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Summary of the Six Months Ended September 30, 2017</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
During the six months ended September 30, 2017, we have continued
to (i) advance nonclinical, including manufacturing, and clinical
development of AV-101 as a potential new generation antidepressant
and as a potential new therapeutic alternative for several other
CNS indications with significant unmet medical need, (ii) expand
the regulatory and intellectual property foundation to support
broad clinical development and, ultimately, commercialization of
AV-101 in the U.S. and foreign markets, and (iii) on a limited
basis, advance the predictive toxicology capabilities of</font>
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font>
<font style="color: #000000">3D for small molecule new chemical
entity drug rescue and development applications and collaborative
regenerative medicine opportunities related to our cardiac stem
cell technology platform.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Pursuant to our CRADA with the NIH, the NIH continues to fund, and
Dr. Carlos Zarate Jr. of the NIMH continues to conduct, the NIMH
AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study at no cost to us other than
supplying clinical trial material. Although we do not direct or
control the progress of this study, we currently anticipate that
the NIMH will complete the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy
Study during the first half of 2018.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We continue to prepare for the launch of our AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Adjunctive Treatment Study with initiatives that have significantly
improved the efficiency of our AV-101 manufacturing processes and
production of sufficient quantities of AV-101 to enable a more
comprehensive initiation of the study. We currently anticipate the
launch of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study, with
Dr. Maurizio Fava of Harvard Medical School serving as Principal
Investigator, in the first quarter of 2018.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #333333; background-color: #FFFFFF">
Additionally, we are pursuing initiatives to secure a broad
spectrum of intellectual property protection for AV-101 covering
multiple CNS indications. W</font>e have filed and are pursuing
several patent applications in Europe, the U.S. and other selected
regions. Several of these patent applications have already been
granted or allowed, on both (i) certain novel therapeutic methods
of use of AV-101, including depression, and (ii) certain novel
methods of producing AV-101. In Europe, the European Patent Office
(<font style="font-style: italic">EPO</font>) recently granted our
patent related to methods of treating depression with AV-101 and
certain other neurological indications. In the U.S. and other
selected regional markets, we are currently pursuing a counterpart
AV-101 patent application similar to the patent granted by the EPO.
Although the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (<font style="font-style: italic">USPTO</font>) has not yet allowed the
counterpart application filed in the U.S., we believe that our
counterpart patent applications under review by the USPTO and other
countries ultimately will be granted.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In
Europe, the U.S. and other selected regional markets, we are also
prosecuting patent applications related to novel methods of
producing AV-101. We recently received a Notice of Allowance for
the patent application regarding our manufacturing process from the
USPTO and the Chinese counterpart has been granted. We have
submitted a counterpart application to the EPO, which has not yet
been approved. However, given that our application at the USPTO was
sufficient to obtain an allowed patent in the U.S., we believe our
counterpart patent application at the EPO ultimately will be
granted.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
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<div id="ftr">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 16 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Between late-March 2017 and June 2017, we entered into self-placed
private placement transactions with individual accredited
investors, pursuant to which we sold units consisting of an
aggregate of 495,001 shares of our unregistered common stock and
warrants which are not exercisable until six months and one day
following issuance and expire on April 30, 2021, to purchase an
aggregate of 247,500 shares of our common stock at a weighted
average fixed exercise price of $3.99 per share, subject to
adjustment only for customary stock dividends, reclassifications,
splits and similar transactions. We received aggregate cash
proceeds of approximately $1 million in these self-placed private
placement transactions (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Spring 2017 Private
Placement</font><font style="color: #000000">). In September 2017,
we reduced the exercise price of each of the warrants issued in the
Spring 2017 Private Placement to $2.00 per share and issued
additional warrants, also exercisable six months and one day
following issuance at an exercise price of $2.00 per share, to
purchase an aggregate of 247,501 unregistered shares of our common
stock.</font> In August 2017, in a self-placed private placement
transaction, we sold units consisting of 28,572 shares of our
unregistered common stock and warrants exercisable six months and
one day following the date of issuance through April 30, 2021 to
purchase 28,572 unregistered shares of our common stock at an
exercise price of $4.00 per share. We received cash proceeds of
$50,000 from this private placement transaction.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In September 2017, we completed a firm commitment underwritten
public offering, pursuant to which we sold 1,371,430 shares of our
common stock and Series A1 Warrants to purchase up to 1,388,931
shares of common stock and Series A2 Warrants to purchase up to
503,641 of common stock (collectively, the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Warrants</font><font style="color: #000000">), each exercisable for $1.82 per share warrants
to two of our existing institutional investors, resulting in net
proceeds of approximately $2.0 million (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">September 2017 Public
Offering</font><font style="color: #000000">). The Series A1
Warrants will be exercisable for a five-year period commencing on
March 7, 2018, and the Series A2 Warrants are exercisable at any
time and expire on September 6, 2022. The common stock and the
shares of common stock underlying the Warrants issued in the
September 2017 Public Offering were sold pursuant to our
effective</font> Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration
No. 333-215671) to cover this and potential future sales of our
equity securities in one or more public offerings from time to
time.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In July 2017, we appointed</font> <font style="color: #333333; background-color: #FFFFFF">Mark Wallace, M.D.,
Distinguished Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology at the
University of California, San Diego, to our Clinical and Regulatory
Advisory Board to assist us in advancing development of AV-101 as a
potential non-opioid treatment alternative for neuropathic pain.
Dr. Wallace is an internationally recognized leader in the field of
multi-modal pain management, with over 30 years of professional
experience, board certifications, licensures, honors/awards,
grants, articles and abstracts.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">As a
matter of course, we continue to minimize, to the greatest extent
possible, cash commitments and expenditures for both internal and
external research and development and general and administrative
services. <font style="color: #000000">To further advance the
nonclinical and clinical development of AV-101 and our stem cell
technology platform, as well as support our operating activities,
we continue to carefully manage our routine operating costs,
including our internal employee related expenses, as well as
external costs relating to regulatory consulting, contract research
and development, investor relations and corporate development,
legal, acquisition and protection of intellectual property, public
company compliance and other professional services and internal
costs. </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Results of Operations</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 and
2016</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The following table summarizes the results of our operations,
including both cash and noncash components, for the three months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 (amounts in
thousands).</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Three Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Operating
expenses:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> 
Research and development</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,427</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,606</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> 
General and administrative</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,567</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,494</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  
Total operating expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">4,994</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
from operations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,994</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,100</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Interest
expense, net</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(3</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(1</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
before income taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,997</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,101</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Income
taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,997</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,101</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Accrued
dividend on Series B Preferred Stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(256</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(241</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Deemed
dividend on Series B Preferred Stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss attributable to common stockholders</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(5,253</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(3,342</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">
Revenue</font> <font style="color: #000000">  </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We reported no revenue for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 or
2016 and we presently have no recurring revenue generating
arrangements with respect to AV-101 or other potential product
candidates. While we may potentially receive future milestone
payments and royalties under the BlueRock Agreement upon
achievement of certain performance-based milestones and commercial
sales. However, there can be no assurance that the BlueRock
Agreement will provide additional revenue to us in the near term or
at all.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 17 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and Development Expense</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and development expense, including both cash and noncash
components, totaled $2.4 million for the quarter ended September
30, 2017, an increase of approximately 51% compared to the $1.6
million reported for the quarter ended September 30, 2016. Noncash
expenses, including stock compensation, depreciation and a portion
of rent expense in both periods and a portion of AV-101 project
expenses in the quarter ended September 30, 2017, totaled
approximately $592,000 and $83,000 in the quarters ended September
30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in research and
development expense in 2017 reflects our continued focus on
nonclinical and clinical development of AV-101, particularly our
preparations for the launch of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study, which is currently anticipated in the first
quarter of 2018, subject to securing additional financing. The
following table indicates the primary components of research and
development expense for each of the periods (amounts in
thousands):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Three Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Salaries
and benefits</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">566</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">461</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stock-based
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">137</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">82</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Consulting
and other professional services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">6</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">31</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Technology
licenses and royalties</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">97</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">94</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Project-related
research and supplies:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">AV-101</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,476</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">817</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stem
cell and all other</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">27</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">51</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,503</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">868</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Rent</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">99</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Depreciation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">19</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">8</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
Research and Development Expense</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,427</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,606</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The increase in salaries and benefits expense reflects the impact
of salary increases granted to our Chief Medical Officer
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CMO</font><font style="color: #000000">) and Chief Scientific Officer
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CSO</font><font style="color: #000000">)
in July 2017 and to the non-officer members of our scientific staff
in June 2017. Additionally, our then-newly-hired CMO did not
receive a bonus payment in July 2016; however, both our CMO and CSO
were granted a bonus in September 2017. The full amount of each
officer’s 2017 bonus was accrued at the time it was granted,
but only 25% of the total amount was paid by September 30, 2017,
with the remaining balance to be paid ratably through March 31,
2018.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Noncash stock based compensation expense increased in the current
period primarily from the routine amortization of option grants
made to our CSO, CMO and scientific staff in September 2017, April
2017 and November 2016, which grants, in the aggregate, account for
approximately $105,000 of 2017 expense. Expense attributable to
these grants is being amortized over two-year to four-year vesting
periods, based on the terms of the respective grants. Substantially
all option grants made prior to September 2015 were fully-vested
and fully-expensed prior to June 30, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Consulting services reflects fees paid or accrued for scientific,
nonclinical and clinical development and regulatory advisory
services rendered to us by third-parties, primarily by members of
our scientific and CNS clinical and regulatory advisory boards. The
reduction in expense in the current period primarily reflects the
change in terms of consulting agreements with our stem cell-related
scientific advisory board members.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Technology license expense reflects both recurring annual fees as
well as legal counsel and other costs related to patent prosecution
and protection pursuant to our stem cell technology license
agreements or that we have elected to pursue for commercial
purposes. We recognize these costs as they are invoiced to us by
the licensors or counsel and they do not occur ratably throughout
the year or between years. In both periods, this expense includes
legal counsel and other costs we have incurred to advance pending
patent applications in the U.S. and numerous foreign countries with
respect to AV-101 and our stem cell technology
platform.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
AV-101 project expense for the quarter ended September 30, 2017
includes continuing costs incurred to develop more efficient and
cost-effective proprietary manufacturing methods for AV-101, and to
produce clinical trial material for the AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Adjunctive Treatment Study, as well as costs incurred for certain
other nonclinical studies to facilitate further clinical
development of AV-101 in MDD and potentially for other indications,
and to comply with applicable FDA regulations. Stem cell and other
project related expenses reflects costs associated with our
in-house stem cell technology-related initiatives, and, in 2016,
our participation in the FDA’s Comprehensive In Vitro
Proarrhythmia Assay (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CiPA</font><font style="color: #000000">) project.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 18 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The increase in rent expense for the quarter ended September 30,
2017 reflects higher commercial property rents prevalent in the
South San Francisco real estate market and recognized in our
November 2016 lease amendment extending the lease of our
headquarters facilities in South San Francisco by five years from
July 31, 2017 to July 31, 2022 and the related accounting for the
extension amendment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
General and Administrative Expense</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
General and administrative expense, including both cash and noncash
components, increased by 72% to approximately $2.6 million from
$1.5 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016,
respectively. Noncash expense aggregated approximately $1,494,000
and $579,000 for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016,
respectively, including, in both periods, stock compensation
expense, a portion of investor relations and investment banking
expenses, warrant modification expense, and a portion of rent
expense. The overall increase in general and administrative
expenses resulted primarily from increased professional services
expenses, including noncash expense attributable to the grant of
common stock for services, noncash warrant modification expense
and, to a lesser extent, salary and benefits and noncash stock
compensation expenses. The following table indicates the primary
components of general and administrative expenses, including the
cash and noncash components, for each of the periods (amounts in
thousands):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Three Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Salaries
and benefits</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">650</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">485</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stock-based
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">194</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">117</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Board
fees</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">39</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">36</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Legal,
accounting and other professional fees</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">388</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">207</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Investor
relations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">831</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">471</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Insurance</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">60</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">38</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Travel
expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">22</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">23</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Rent
and utilities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">67</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">45</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Warrant
modification expense</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">280</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">17</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">All
other expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">36</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">55</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:4px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,567</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,494</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The increase in salaries and benefits primarily reflects the impact
of the hiring of our Vice President of Corporate Development</font>
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">(VP-Corporate
Development</font><font style="color: #000000">) in September 2016
and salary increases granted in July 2017 to our Chief Executive
Officer (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CEO</font><font style="color: #000000">), Chief Financial Officer (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CFO</font><font style="color: #000000">), and VP-Corporate Development and, in June 2017,
to a non-officer member of our administrative staff. Additionally,
each of our officers was granted a bonus in September 2017, but our
VP-Corporate Development had not yet joined the Company in July
2016, when our CEO and CFO received a bonus payment. The full
amount of each officer’s 2017 bonus was accrued at the time
it was granted, but only 25% of the total amount was paid by
September 30, 2017, with the remaining balance to be paid ratably
through March 31, 2018.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Stock based compensation expense increased in the current period
primarily as a result of the routine amortization of option grants
to independent members of our Board and our CEO, CFO and
administrative staff in September 2017, April 2017 and November
2016, plus the new-hire grant made to our VP-Corporate Development
in September 2016, which grants account for approximately $117,000
of 2017 expense. Expense attributable to these grants is being
amortized over a two-year to four-year vesting period, based on the
terms of the respective grants. Substantially all option grants
made prior to September 2015 were fully-vested and fully-expensed
prior to June 30, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Board fees includes fees recognized for the services of independent
members of our Board. The Board modified committee assignments
effective in April 2017, resulting in the slight increase in
expense.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Legal, accounting and other professional fees for the quarters
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 includes cash expense related to
routine legal services as well as accounting expense related to the
review of the financial statements for the second quarter of each
fiscal year. In the quarter ended September 30, 2017, additionally,
we granted an aggregate of 20,000 unregistered shares of our common
stock having an aggregate fair value of $30,800 to legal services
providers as compensation for services and an aggregate of 150,000
unregistered shares of our common stock having an aggregate fair
value of $234,000 to two investment banking firms pursuant to
financial advisory agreements. In the quarter ended September 30,
2016, we granted an aggregate of 25,000 unregistered shares of our
common stock having a fair value of $108,500 to a legal services
provider as compensation for services.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
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<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 19 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Investor relations expense includes the fees of our various
external service providers for a broad spectrum of investor
relations, market awareness and strategic advisory and support
functions, as well as initiatives that included numerous meetings
in multiple U.S. markets and other communication activities focused
on expanding market awareness of the Company, including among
registered investment professionals and investment advisors, and
individual and institutional investors. In the quarter ended
September 30, 2017, in addition to cash fees and expenses we
incurred, we granted an aggregate of 457,000 unregistered shares of
our common stock to various corporate development, investor
relations, market awareness and strategic business advisory service
providers for their services and recognized noncash expense of
$713,300, representing the fair value of the stock at the time of
issuance</font>. <font style="color: #000000">In the quarter ended
September 30, 2016, we granted an aggregate of 25,000 unregistered
shares of our common stock having a fair value at the time of
issuance of $108,500 to an investor relations service provider as
compensation for services.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In both periods, travel expense reflects costs associated with
management presentations to and meetings in multiple U.S. markets
with existing and potential individual and institutional investors,
investment professionals and advisors, media, and securities
analysts, as well as various investor relations, market awareness
and corporate development initiatives.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The increase in rent expense for the quarter ended September 30,
2017 reflects higher commercial property rents prevalent in the
local real estate market and recognized in our November 2016 lease
amendment extending the lease of our headquarters facilities by
five years from July 31, 2017 to July 31, 2022 and the related
accounting for the extension amendment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In September 2017, we reduced the exercise price of 247,500
warrants issued in the Spring 2017 Private Placement from a
weighted average exercise price of $3.99 per share to $2.00 per
share. We also issued to each of the Spring 2017 Private Placement
investors additional warrants to purchase an aggregate total of
247,501 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $2.00 per
share. We recognized noncash expense of $279,700 in the quarter
ended September 30, 2017 representing the increase in fair value of
the warrants granted initially before and after the modification
and the fair value of the additional warrants granted. In August
2016, we entered into warrant exchange agreements with certain
warrant holders pursuant to which the warrant holders exchanged
outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 20,000 shares of
our common stock for an aggregate of 15,000 shares of our
unregistered common stock.  As we had with similar prior
transactions, we accounted for these transactions as warrant
modifications, resulting in our recognition of $17,100 in noncash
expense in the quarter ended September 30, 2016.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">
Interest and Other Expenses</font> <font style="color: #000000">  </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Interest expense totaled $3,300 for the quarter ended September 30,
2017 compared to $1,400 reported for the quarter ended September
30, 2016. Interest expense in both periods relates to interest paid
on insurance premium financing and on a capital lease of office
equipment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">We
recognized $256,300 and <font style="color: #000000">$241,000 for
the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively,
representing the 10% cumulative dividend payable on our Series B
Preferred as an additional deduction in arriving at net loss
attributable to common stockholders in the</font> accompanying
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive
Loss included in Part I of this Report. There have been no
conversions of outstanding shares of our Series B Preferred stock
into shares of our common stock since August 2016.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Comparison of Six Months Ended September 30, 2017 and
2016</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The following table summarizes the results of our operations,
including both cash and noncash components, for the six months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 (amounts in
thousands).</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
 2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Operating
expenses:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Research
and development</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">3,523</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">2,432</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> General
and administrative</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,731</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,631</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Total
operating expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">7,254</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">5,063</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
from operations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,254</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,063</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Interest
expense (net)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(6</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(3</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Loss
before income taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,260</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,066</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Income
taxes</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(2</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(2</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(7,262</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(5,068</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Accrued
dividend on Series B Preferred Stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(504</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(781</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  Deemed
dividend on Series B Preferred Stock</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(111</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
loss attributable to common stockholders</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(7,766</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">(5,960</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 20 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">
Revenue</font> <font style="color: #000000">  </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We reported no revenue for the six-month periods ended September
30, 2017 or 2016 and we presently have no recurring revenue
generating arrangements with respect to AV-101 or other potential
product candidates. While we may potentially receive future
milestone payments and royalties under the BlueRock Agreement upon
the achievement of certain performance-based milestones and
commercial sales, there can be no assurance that the BlueRock
Agreement will provide additional revenue to us in the near term or
at all.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and Development Expense</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research and development expense, including both cash and noncash
components, totaled $3.5 million for the six months ended September
30, 2017, an increase of approximately 45% compared to the $2.4
million reported for the six months ended September 30, 2016.
Noncash expenses totaled approximately $843,000 and $131,000 in the
six months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively,
including stock compensation, depreciation and a portion of rent
expense in both periods, and a portion of AV-101 project expenses
in the six months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in
research and development expense in 2017 reflects our continued
focus on nonclinical and clinical development of AV-101,
particularly our preparations for the launch of the AV-101 MDD
Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study, which is currently anticipated
in the first quarter of 2018, subject to securing additional
financing. The following table indicates the primary cash and
noncash components of research and development expense for each of
the periods (amounts in thousands):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Salaries
and benefits</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">884</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">711</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stock-based
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">328</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">126</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Consulting
and other professional services</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">16</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">58</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Technology
licenses and royalties</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">157</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">254</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Project-related
research and supplies:</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">AV-101</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,800</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">1,069</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:24px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stem
cell and all other</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">93</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">79</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,893</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,148</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Rent</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">204</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">118</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Depreciation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">38</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">17</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">All
other</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">-</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Total
Research and Development Expense</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,523</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,432</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The increase in salaries and benefits reflects the hiring of our
Chief Medical Officer (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CMO</font><font style="color: #000000">) in June 2016, and salary increases granted to
our CMO in July 2017, to our Chief Scientific Officer
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CSO</font><font style="color: #000000">) and to the non-officer members of our scientific
staff in June 2016 and June 2017. Additionally, our
then-newly-hired CMO did not receive a bonus payment in July 2016;
however, both our CMO and CSO were granted a bonus in September
2017. The full amount of each officer’s September 2017 bonus
was accrued at the time it was granted, but only 25% of the total
amount was paid by September 30, 2017, with the remaining balance
to be paid ratably through March 31, 2018.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Stock based compensation expense increased in the current period
primarily as a result of the routine amortization of option grants
made to our CSO, CMO and scientific staff in September 2017, April
2017 and November 2016, plus the new-hire grant made to our CMO in
June 2016, which grants account for approximately $193,000 of 2017
expense. The expense attributable to these grants is being
amortized over a two-year to four-year vesting period, based on the
terms of the respective grants. Substantially all option grants
made prior to September 2015 were fully-vested and fully-expensed
prior to June 30, 2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Consulting services reflects fees paid or accrued for scientific,
nonclinical and clinical development and regulatory advisory
services rendered to us by third-parties, primarily by members of
our scientific and CNS clinical and regulatory advisory boards. The
reduction in expense in 2017 primarily reflects the change in terms
of consulting agreements with our stem cell-related scientific
advisory board members.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Technology license expense reflects both recurring annual fees as
well as legal counsel and other costs related to patent prosecution
and protection pursuant to our stem cell technology license
agreements or that we have elected to pursue for commercial
purposes. We recognize these costs as they are invoiced to us by
the licensors or counsel and they do not occur ratably throughout
the year or between years. In both periods, but to a greater extent
in 2016, this expense includes legal counsel and other costs we
have incurred to advance numerous pending patent applications in
the U.S. and various foreign countries with respect to AV-101 and
our stem cell technology platform.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 21 -</font></div>
</div>
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<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
AV-101 project expense for both periods includes continuing costs
incurred to develop more efficient and cost-effective proprietary
manufacturing methods for AV-101, and to produce clinical trial
material enabling the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment
Study, and, primarily in 2017, costs incurred for certain other
nonclinical studies to facilitate further clinical development of
AV-101 in MDD and potentially for other indications and to comply
with applicable FDA regulations. Stem cell and other project
related expenses reflects costs associated with our in-house stem
cell technology-related initiatives, and, in 2016, our
participation in the FDA’s Comprehensive In Vitro
Proarrhythmia Assay (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CiPA</font><font style="color: #000000">) project.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The increase in rent expense for 2017 reflects higher commercial
property rents prevalent in the South San Francisco real estate
market and recognized in our November 2016 lease amendment
extending the lease of our headquarters facilities in South San
Francisco by five years, from July 31, 2017 to July 31, 2022, and
the related accounting for the extension amendment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
General and Administrative Expense</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
General and administrative expense, including both cash and noncash
components, increased approximately 42% to $3.7 million for the six
months ended September 30, 2017 from $2.6 million for the six
months ended September 30, 2016. Noncash expense aggregated
approximately $1.7 million and $1.0 million for the six months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, including, in both
periods, stock compensation expense, a portion of investor
relations and investment banking expenses, warrant modification
expense, and a portion of rent expense. The overall increase in
general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to
increased salary and benefits expense and noncash stock
compensation, professional services and warrant modification
expenses. The following table indicates the primary components of
general and administrative expenses, including noncash components,
for each of the periods (amounts in thousands):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Salaries
and benefits</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">921</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">675</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Stock-based
compensation</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">370</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">181</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Board
fees</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">78</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">69</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Legal,
accounting and other professional fees</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">695</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">749</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Investor
relations</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">997</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">579</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Insurance</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">121</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">78</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Travel
expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">62</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">72</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Rent
and utilities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">140</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">85</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Warrant
modification expense</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">280</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">57</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">All
other expenses</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">67</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">86</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:4px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">3,731</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,631</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The increase in salaries and benefits reflects the impact of the
hiring of our Vice President of Corporate Development</font>
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">(VP-Corporate
Development</font><font style="color: #000000">) in September 2016
and salary increases granted in June 2016 and July 2017 to our
Chief Executive Officer (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CEO</font><font style="color: #000000">) and Chief Financial Officer (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CFO</font><font style="color: #000000">), and in June 2016 and June 2017 to a non-officer
member of our administrative staff. Additionally, each of our
officers was granted a bonus in September 2017, but our
VP-Corporate Development had not yet joined the Company in July
2016, when our CEO and CFO received a bonus payment. The full
amount of each officer’s 2017 bonus was accrued at the time
it was granted, but only 25% of the total amount was paid by
September 30, 2017, with the remaining balance to be paid ratably
through March 31, 2018.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Stock based compensation expense increased in the current period
primarily as a result of the routine amortization of option grants
to independent members of our Board of Directors and our CEO, CFO
and administrative staff in September 2017, April 2017 and November
2016, plus the new-hire grant made to our VP-Corporate Development
in September 2016 in September 2016, which grants account for
approximately $232,000 of 2017 expense. The expense attributable to
these grants is being amortized over a two-year to four-year
vesting period based on the terms of the respective grants.
Substantially all option grants made prior to September 2015 were
fully-vested and fully-expensed prior to June 30,
2017.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Board fees includes fees recognized for the services of independent
members of our Board. The Board modified committee assignments
effective in April 2017, resulting in the slight increase in
expense.</font></div>
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<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Legal, accounting and other professional fees for the six months
ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 includes expense related to
routine legal services as well as the accounting expense related to
the annual audit of the prior year’s financial statements and
the review of the financial statements for the first and second
quarters of the current fiscal year. In addition to cash fees
incurred, during the six months ended September 30, 2017, we
granted an aggregate of 20,000 unregistered shares of our common
stock having an aggregate fair value of $30,800 to legal services
providers as compensation for services and an aggregate of 150,000
unregistered shares of our common stock having an aggregate fair
value of $234,000 to two investment banking firms pursuant to
financial advisory agreements. Noncash expense for the six months
ended September 30, 2016 included approximately $338,000 recognized
in the quarter ended June 30, 2016 pursuant to the June 30, 2015
grant of an</font> aggregate of 90,000 shares of our Series B 10%
convertible preferred stock having an aggregate fair value of
$1,350,000 as compensation for financial advisory and corporate
development service contracts with two independent providers for
services to be performed through June 30, 2016 and $108,500
recognized in the quarter ended September 30, 2016 representing the
fair value of <font style="color: #000000">25,000 unregistered
shares of our common stock granted to a legal services provider as
compensation for services</font>.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Investor relations expense includes the fees of our various
external service providers for a broad spectrum of investor
relations, market awareness and strategic advisory and support
functions, as well as initiatives that included numerous meetings
in multiple U.S. markets and other communication activities focused
on expanding market awareness of the Company, including among
registered investment professionals and investment advisors, and
individual and institutional investors. In the six months ended
September 30, 2017, in addition to cash fees and expenses we
incurred, in the quarter ended June 30, 2017, we granted 25,000
unregistered shares of our common stock to an investor relations
and awareness service provider as partial compensation for its
services and recognized noncash expense of approximately $50,000
representing the fair value of the stock at the time of issuance;
additionally, in the quarter ended September 30, 2017, we granted
an aggregate of 457,000 unregistered shares of our common stock to
various corporate development, investor relations, market awareness
and business advisory service providers as compensation for their
services and recognized noncash expense of $713,300, representing
the fair value of the stock at the time of issuance</font>.
<font style="color: #000000">In the six months ended September 30,
2016, we granted an aggregate of 25,000 unregistered shares of our
common stock having a fair value at the time of issuance of
$108,500 to an investor relations service provider as compensation
for its services.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In both periods, travel expense reflects costs associated with
management presentations to and meetings in multiple U.S. markets
with existing and potential individual and institutional investors,
investment professionals and advisors, media, and securities
analysts, as well as various investor relations, market awareness
and corporate development initiatives.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The increase in rent expense for 2017 reflects higher commercial
property rents prevalent in the South San Francisco real estate
market and recognized in our November 2016 lease amendment
extending the lease of our headquarters facilities in South San
Francisco by five years, from July 31, 2017 to July 31, 2022, and
the related accounting for the extension amendment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In September 2017, we reduced the exercise price of 247,500
warrants issued in the Spring 2017 Private Placement from a
weighted average exercise price of $3.99 per share to $2.00 per
share. We also issued to each of the Spring 2017 Private Placement
investors additional warrants to purchase an aggregate total of
247,501 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $2.00 per
share. We recognized noncash expense of $279,700 in the six months
ended September 30, 2017, representing the increase in fair value
of the warrants granted initially before and after the modification
and the fair value of the additional warrants granted. Between
April 2016 and August 2016, we entered into warrant exchange
agreements with certain warrant holders pursuant to which the
warrant holders exchanged outstanding warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 61,649 shares of our common stock for an aggregate of
46,238 shares of our unregistered common stock.  As with
similar prior transactions, we accounted for these transactions as
warrant modifications, resulting in our recognition of an aggregate
of $57,400 in noncash expense during the six-month period ended
September 30, 2016.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">
Interest and Other Expenses</font> <font style="color: #000000">  </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Interest expense totaled $5,700 for the six months ended September
30, 2017 compared to $2,800 reported for the six months ended
September 30, 2016. Interest expense in both periods relates to
interest paid on insurance premium financing and on a capital lease
of office equipment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">We
recognized $503,600 and <font style="color: #000000">$780,800 for
the six months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively,
representing the 10% cumulative noncash dividend payable on our
Series B Preferred as an additional deduction in arriving at net
loss attributable to common stockholders in the</font> accompanying
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive
Loss included in Part I of this Report. The reduction in the
dividend accrual results from the automatic conversion of
<font style="color: #000000">an aggregate of 2,403,051 shares of
Series B Preferred into an equal number of shares of our common
stock upon our completion of our May 2016 public offering of shares
of our common stock and warrants, and a subsequent voluntary
conversion of 87,500 shares of our Series B Preferred in August
2016. There have been no conversions of outstanding shares of
Series B Preferred into common shares since August
2016.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
During the quarter ended June 30, 2016, we allocated the proceeds
from our self-placed private placement sales of Series B Preferred
Units to the Series B Preferred stock and the Series B Warrants
based on their relative fair values on the dates of the sales. The
difference between the relative fair value per share of the Series
B Preferred, approximately $4.20 per share, and its Conversion
Price (or stated value) of $7.00 per share represented a deemed
dividend to the purchasers of the Series B Preferred Units.
Accordingly, we recognized a deemed dividend in the aggregate
amount of $111,100 in arriving at net loss attributable to common
stockholders</font> for <font style="color: #000000">the six months
ended September 30, 2016 in the</font> accompanying Condensed
Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
included in Part I of this Report.</font></div>
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<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Liquidity and Capital Resources</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
From our inception in May 1998 through September 30, 2017, we have
financed our operations and technology acquisitions primarily
through the issuance and sale of our equity and debt securities,
including convertible promissory notes and short-term promissory
notes, for cash proceeds of approximately $47.6 million, as well as
from an aggregate of approximately $17.6 million of government
research grant awards, strategic collaboration payments,
intellectual property sublicensing and other revenues. We have also
issued equity securities with an approximate aggregate value at
issuance of $32.3 million in non-cash settlements of certain
liabilities, including liabilities for professional services
rendered to us or as compensation for such services. Additionally,
pursuant to our CRADA with the NIH, the NIMH continues to conduct
Phase 2 clinical development activities relating to AV-101 as a
potential new generation antidepressant. The NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase
2 Monotherapy Study is being sponsored in full, at no cost to us
other than supplying clinical trial material, by the NIMH under the
direction of Dr. Carlos Zarate Jr. as Principal
Investigator.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 48px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Between late-March 2017 and June 30, 2017, we sold to accredited
investors, in self-placed private placement transactions, units
consisting of an aggregate of 495,001 unregistered shares of our
common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 247,500
unregistered shares of our common stock pursuant to which we
received proceeds of approximately $1.0 million (the</font>
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Spring 2017
Private Placement</font><font style="color: #000000">). In August
2017,</font> in a self-placed private placement transaction, we
sold to an accredited investor units consisting of 28,572 shares of
our unregistered common stock and warrants to purchase 28,572
unregistered shares of our common stock. We received cash proceeds
of $50,000 from this sale of our securities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In September 2017, we completed a firm commitment underwritten
public offering, pursuant to which we offered and sold an aggregate
of 1,371,430 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 1,892,572 shares of our common stock to two of our
existing institutional investors, resulting in gross proceeds of
approximately $2.4 million under our Registration Statement on Form
S-3 (Registration No. 333-215671) (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">S-3 Registration
Statement</font><font style="color: #000000">) that had been
previously declared effective by the Securities and Exchange
Commission to cover potential future sales of our equity securities
in one or more public offerings from time to time. While we may
make additional sales of our equity securities under the S-3
Registration Statement, we do not have an obligation to do
so.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Additionally, in September 2017, to facilitate potential future
issuances and sales of our equity securities for ordinary corporate
finance and general corporate purposes and as recommended by our
Board, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Restated and
Amended Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of shares
of common stock available for issuance from 30 million shares to
100 million shares, an amount our Board determined is customary and
appropriate for a Nasdaq-listed, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
company. Following that approval, in October 2017, we filed a
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-221009)
(the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">S-1
Registration Statement</font><font style="color: #000000">)
pursuant to which we anticipate completing an offering of our
equity securities with proceeds sufficient to enable the launch and
completion of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study and
fund our internal operations for at least the next twelve months.
There can be no assurance, however, that we will achieve
effectiveness of the S-1 Registration Statement or successfully
complete an offering thereunder.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Our
cash balance at September 30, 2017 was <font style="color: #000000">not sufficient to enable us to fund our planned
operations, including expected cash expenditures of approximately
$12 million for the next twelve months, required to further prepare
for, launch and satisfy a significant portion of the projected
expenses associated with our proposed AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although our current financial resources are not yet sufficient to
fully fund completion of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study, we expect, as we have numerous times in the past,
to raise additional capital as and when necessary and advisable,
potentially including through an offering under the S-1
Registration Statement, one or more offerings under the S-3
Registration Statement or other capital raising activity, to
sustain our operations and achieve our key corporate objectives
through at least the next twelve months, including initiating and
conducting the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study. There
can, however, be no assurance that future financing will be
available in sufficient amounts, in a timely manner, or on terms
acceptable to us, if at all.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may also seek research and development collaborations that could
generate revenue, funding for development of AV-101 and additional
product candidates, and/or additional government grant awards and
agreements similar to our current CRADA with the NIMH. Such
strategic collaborations may provide non-dilutive resources to
advance our strategic initiatives while reducing a portion of our
future cash outlays and working capital requirements. In a manner
similar to the BlueRock Agreement, we may also pursue similar
arrangements with third-parties covering other of our intellectual
property. Although we may seek additional collaborations that could
generate revenue and/or non-dilutive funding for development of
AV-101 and other product candidates, as well as new government
grant awards and/or agreements similar to our CRADA with NIMH, no
assurance can be provided that any such collaborations, awards or
agreements will occur in the future.  </font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our future working capital requirements will depend on many
factors, including, without limitation, the scope and nature of
opportunities related to our success and the success of certain
other companies in clinical trials, including our development and
commercialization of AV-101 as an adjunctive treatment for MDD and
other potential CNS conditions, and various applications of our
stem cell technology platform, the availability of, and our ability
to obtain, government grant awards and agreements, and our ability
to enter into collaborations on terms acceptable to us. To further
advance the clinical development of AV-101 and our stem cell
technology platform, as well as support our operating activities,
we plan to continue to carefully manage our routine operating
costs, including our employee headcount and related expenses, as
well as the timing of and projected costs relating to key research
and development projects, including our expenses associated with
our proposed AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study,
regulatory consulting, CRO services, investor relations and
corporate development, legal, acquisition and protection of
intellectual property, public company compliance and other
professional services and working capital costs. </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Notwithstanding the foregoing, substantial additional financing may
not be available to us on a timely basis, on acceptable terms, or
at all. If we are unable to obtain substantial additional financing
on a timely basis when needed in 2017 and beyond, our business,
financial condition, and results of operations may be harmed, the
price of our stock may decline, we may be required to reduce,
defer, or discontinue certain of our research and development
activities and we may not be able to continue as a going
concern.  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Cash and Cash Equivalents</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The following table summarizes changes in cash and cash equivalents
for the periods stated (in thousands):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-right:0px;width:100%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-left:0px;">
<tr>
<td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:24%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:90%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
Six Months Ended September 30,</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:5%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;padding-bottom:2px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2017</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;">
2016</font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; padding-bottom:2px;width:10%;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: center; vertical-align:bottom;width:80%;display:inline-block;">
<div><font style="font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></div>
</font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
cash used in operating activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(4,010</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(3,873</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
cash used in investing activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(2</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(8</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Net
cash provided by financing activities</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,855</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">9,709</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="margin-left:0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:5%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; vertical-align:bottom;width:75%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; vertical-align:bottom;width:10%;font-size:13px;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td colspan="1" style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">(1,157</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;">)</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-size:13px;">5,828</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#ffffff;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of period</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">2,921</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:solid 2px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">429</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color:#CCEEFF;">
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:76%;">
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent:0px;margin-right:0px;padding-bottom:4px;margin-left:0px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> Cash
and cash equivalents at end of period</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">1,764</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:12%;">
<div><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:5%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">$</font><font style="text-align: right; color:#000000;border-bottom:double 4px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:75%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:13px;">6,257</font><font style="text-align: left; color:#000000;font-family:Times New Roman;vertical-align:bottom;display:inline-block;width:10%;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 25 -</font></div>
</div>
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<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Item 4.</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 90%">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a name="controls">C</a>ONTROLS AN<a name="item4">D</a> PROCEDURES</font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Disclosure Controls and Procedures</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of
our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule
13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered
by this Report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive
Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period
covered by this Report were effective.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Internal Control over Financial Reporting</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended March
31, 2017 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June
29, 2017, we identified two material weaknesses in our internal
control over financial reporting relating to (i) segregation of
duties and (ii) the functionality of our accounting
software.</font> Management has determined that current resources
would be more appropriately applied elsewhere and when resources
permit, they will alleviate such material weaknesses through
various steps, which may include the addition of qualified
financial personnel and/or the acquisition and implementation of
alternative accounting software. Accordingly, <font style="color: #000000">there was no change in our internal control over
financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange
Act) that occurred during the fiscal quarter to which this Report
relates that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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PART <a name="part2"></a>II: OTHER
INFORMATION</font></div>
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<a name="legal">I</a>tem 1. Legal
Proceedings</font></div>
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None.</font></div>
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<a name="risk">I</a>tem 1A. Risk Factors</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You
should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described
below, together with all of the other information in this Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q (Report) and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2017 before investing in our securities. The
risks described below are not the only risks facing our
Company.  Additional risks and uncertainties not
currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial
may also materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and/or operating results. If any of the following
risks are realized, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially and adversely
affected.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Risks Related to Product Development, Regulatory Approval and
Commercialization</font></div>
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 </font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We depend heavily on the success of AV-101. We cannot be certain
that we will be able to obtain regulatory approval for, or
successfully commercialize AV-101, or any product
candidate.</font></div>
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 </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We currently have no drug products for sale and may never be able
to develop and commercialize marketable drug products. Our business
depends heavily on the successful development, regulatory approval
and commercialization of AV-101 for depression, including for MDD,
and, potentially, various other diseases and disorders involving
the CNS, as well as, but to a more limited extent, our ability to
produce, develop and commercialize NCEs from our drug rescue
programs. AV-101 will require substantial additional nonclinical
and clinical testing and regulatory approval before it may be
commercialized. It is unlikely to achieve regulatory approval, if
at all, until at least 2021. Each drug rescue NCE will require
substantial nonclinical development, all phases of clinical
development, and regulatory approval before it may be
commercialized. The nonclinical and clinical development of our
product candidates are, and the manufacturing and marketing of our
product candidates will be, subject to extensive and rigorous
review and regulation by numerous government authorities in the
United States and in other countries where we intend to test and,
if approved, market any product candidate. Before obtaining
regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any product
candidate, we must demonstrate through numerous nonclinical and
clinical studies that the product candidate is safe and effective
for use in each target indication. Drug development is a long,
expensive and uncertain process, and delay or failure can occur at
any stage of any of our nonclinical or clinical studies. This
process takes many years and may also include post-marketing
studies and surveillance obligations, which would require the
expenditure of substantial resources beyond the proceeds we have
raised to date. Of the large number of drugs in development in the
United States, only a small percentage will successfully complete
the FDA regulatory approval process and will be commercialized.
Accordingly, we cannot assure you that AV-101, any drug rescue NCE,
or any other future product candidate will be successfully
developed or commercialized.</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We are not permitted to market our product candidates in the United
States until we receive approval of a New Drug Application
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NDA</font><font style="color: #000000">) from the FDA, or in any foreign countries until
we receive the requisite approval from such countries. We expect
the FDA to require us to complete the planned AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Adjunctive Treatment Study and at least two pivotal Phase 3
clinical trials in order to submit an NDA for AV-101 as an
adjunctive treatment for MDD patients with an inadequate response
to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants. Also, we anticipate that
the FDA will require that we conduct additional toxicology
studies, additional nonclinical and certain small clinical studies
before submitting an NDA for AV-101. The results of all of these
studies are not known until after the studies are
concluded.</font></font></div>
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 </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Obtaining FDA approval of an NDA is a complex, lengthy, expensive
and uncertain process, and the FDA may delay, limit or deny
approval of AV-101 or any other product candidate we may seek to
develop for many reasons, including, among others:</font></div>
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
if we submit an NDA and it is reviewed by an advisory committee,
the FDA may have difficulties scheduling an advisory committee
meeting in a timely manner or the advisory committee may recommend
against approval of our application or may recommend that the FDA
require, as a condition of approval, additional non-clinical or
clinical studies, limitations on approved labeling or distribution
and use restrictions;</font></div>
</div>
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 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">the FDA may require development of a Risk
Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">REMS</font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">) as a condition of approval or
post-approval;</font></font></div>
</div>
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 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">the FDA or the applicable foreign regulatory
agency may determine that the manufacturing processes or facilities
of third-party contract manufacturers with which we contract do not
conform to applicable requirements, including current Good
Manufacturing Practices (</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">cGMPs</font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">); or</font></font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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the FDA or applicable foreign regulatory agency may change its
approval policies or adopt new regulations.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Any of these factors, many of which are beyond our control, could
jeopardize our ability to obtain regulatory approval for and
successfully commercialize AV-101 or any other product candidate we
may develop, including drug rescue NCEs. Any such setback in our
pursuit of regulatory approval for any product candidate would have
a material adverse effect on our business and
prospects.</font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have applied for a Fast Track designation from the FDA for
AV-101, initially for adjunctive treatment of MDD patients with an
inadequate response to standard antidepressants. Even if the FDA
approves Fast Track designation for AV-101 for this indication, it
may not actually lead to a faster development or regulatory review
or approval process.</font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The Fast Track designation is a program offered by the FDA pursuant
to certain mandates under the FDA Modernization Act of 1997,
designed to facilitate drug development and to expedite the review
of new drugs that are intended to treat serious or life threatening
conditions. Compounds selected must demonstrate the potential to
address unmet medical needs. The Fast Track designation allows for
close and frequent interaction with the FDA. A designated Fast
Track drug may also be considered for priority review with a
shortened review time, rolling submission, and accelerated approval
if applicable. The designation does not, however, guarantee
approval or expedited approval of any application for the
product.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In October 2017 we applied for FDA Fast Track designation for
AV-101, initially for adjunctive treatment of MDD patients with an
inadequate response to standard antidepressants, and we may do so
for other CNS indications, as well as for other product candidates.
The FDA has broad discretion whether or not to grant a Fast Track
designation, and even if we believe AV-101 and other product
candidates are eligible for this designation, we cannot be sure
that the review or approval will compare to conventional FDA
procedures. Even if granted, the FDA may withdraw Fast Track
designation if it believes that the designation is no longer
supported by data from our clinical development
programs.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The number of patients suffering from MDD has not been established
with precision. If the actual number of patients with MDD is
smaller than we anticipate, we or our collaborators may encounter
difficulties in enrolling patients in AV-101 clinical trials,
including the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study and our
planned AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study, thereby
delaying completion such studies or preventing additional clinical
development.  Further, if AV-101 is approved for
adjunctive treatment of MDD patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants, and the market for this indication is
smaller than we anticipate, our ability to achieve profitability
could be limited.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Results of earlier clinical trials may not be predictive of the
results of later-stage clinical trials.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The results of preclinical studies and early clinical trials of
AV-101 and/or other product candidates, including positive results,
may not be predictive of the results of later-stage clinical
trials. AV-101 or other product candidates in later stages of
clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and efficacy
results despite having progressed through preclinical studies and
initial clinical trials. Many companies in the biopharmaceutical
industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical
trials due to adverse safety profiles or lack of efficacy,
notwithstanding promising results in earlier studies. Similarly,
our future clinical trial results may not be successful for these
or other reasons.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Moreover, preclinical and clinical data are often susceptible to
varying interpretations and analyses, and many companies that
believed their product candidates performed satisfactorily in
preclinical studies and clinical trials nonetheless failed to
obtain FDA approval. We have not yet completed a Phase 2 clinical
trial for AV-101, and if the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy
Study and/or our AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study
fail(s) to produce positive results, the development timeline and
regulatory approval and commercialization prospects for AV-101 and,
correspondingly, our business and financial prospects, could be
materially adversely affected.</font></div>
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  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
This drug candidate development risk is heightened by any changes
in planned timing or nature of clinical trials compared to
completed clinical trials. As product candidates are developed
through preclinical to early and late stage clinical trials towards
approval and commercialization, it is customary that various
aspects of the development program, such as manufacturing and
methods of administration, are altered along the way in an effort
to optimize processes and results. While these types of changes are
common and are intended to optimize the product candidates for
later stage clinical trials, approval and commercialization, such
changes do carry the risk that they will not achieve these intended
objectives.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
For example, the results of planned clinical trials may be
adversely affected if we or our collaborator seek to optimize and
scale-up production of a product candidate. In such case, we will
need to demonstrate comparability between the newly manufactured
drug substance and/or drug product relative to the previously
manufactured drug substance and/or drug product. Demonstrating
comparability may cause us to incur additional costs or delay
initiation or completion of our clinical trials, including the need
to initiate a dose escalation study and, if unsuccessful, could
require us to complete additional nonclinical or clinical studies
of our product candidates.</font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If serious adverse events or other undesirable side effects are
identified during the use of AV-101 in clinical trials, it may
adversely affect our development of AV-101 for MDD and other CNS
indications.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
AV-101 as a monotherapy is currently being tested by the NIMH in
the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study and may be subjected
to testing in the future for other CNS indications in additional
investigator sponsored clinical trials. If serious adverse events
or other undesirable side effects, or unexpected characteristics of
AV-101 are observed in investigator-sponsored clinical trials of
AV-101 or our clinical trials of AV-101, it may adversely affect or
delay our clinical development of AV-101, and the occurrence of
these events would have a material adverse effect on our business
and financial prospects.</font></div>
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Failures or delays in the commencement or completion of our planned
clinical trials and nonclinical studies of our product candidates
could result in increased costs to us and could delay, prevent or
limit our ability to generate revenue and continue our
business.</font></div>
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Under our CRADA with the NIMH, the NIMH is conducting and funding
the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study. We will need to
complete the planned AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study,
at least two additional large Phase 3 pivotal clinical trials,
additional toxicology and other nonclinical studies and certain
smaller clinical studies prior to the submission of an NDA for
AV-101 as a new generation adjunctive treatment for MDD. Successful
completion of our nonclinical and clinical trials is a prerequisite
to submitting an NDA to the FDA and, consequently, the ultimate
approval required before commercial marketing of AV-101 for MDD and
any other product candidates we may develop. Except as disclosed
herein, we do not know whether the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Monotherapy Study, our AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment
Study or any of our future-planned nonclinical and clinical trials
will be completed on schedule, if at all, as the commencement and
completion of nonclinical and clinical trials can be delayed or
prevented for a number of reasons, including, among
others:</font></div>
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the FDA may deny permission to proceed with our planned clinical
trials or any other clinical trials we may initiate, or may place a
planned or ongoing clinical trial on hold;</font></div>
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</font></div>
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delays in filing or receiving approvals of additional INDs that may
be required;</font></div>
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</font></div>
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negative results from our ongoing nonclinical studies;</font></div>
</div>
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delays in reaching or failing to reach agreement on acceptable
terms with prospective CROs, investigators and clinical trial
sites, the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation
and may vary significantly among different CROs, investigators and
clinical trial sites;</font></div>
</div>
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delays in the manufacturing of, or insufficient supply of, AV-101
or other product candidates necessary to conduct nonclinical or
clinical trials, including delays in the manufacturing of
sufficient supply or finished drug product resulting from our new
manufacturing process for AV-101;</font></div>
</div>
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inability to manufacture or obtain clinical supplies of a product
candidate meeting required quality standards;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">difficulties obtaining Institutional Review
Board (</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">IRB</font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">) approval to conduct a clinical trial at a
prospective clinical site or sites;</font></font></div>
</div>
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challenges in recruiting and enrolling patients to participate in
clinical trials, including the proximity of patients to clinical
trial sites;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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eligibility criteria for a clinical trial, the nature of a clinical
trial protocol, the availability of approved effective treatments
for the relevant disease and competition from other clinical trial
programs for similar indications;</font></div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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severe or unexpected drug-related side effects experienced by
patients in a clinical trial;</font></div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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delays in validating any endpoints utilized in a clinical
trial;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the FDA may disagree with our clinical trial design and our
interpretation of data from prior nonclinical studies or clinical
trials, or may change the requirements for approval even after it
has reviewed and commented on the design for our clinical
trials;</font></div>
</div>
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reports from nonclinical or clinical testing of other CNS
indications or therapies that raise safety or efficacy concerns;
and</font></div>
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<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 29 -</font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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difficulties retaining patients who have enrolled in a clinical
trial but may be prone to withdraw due to rigors of the clinical
trial, lack of efficacy, side effects, personal issues or loss of
interest.</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Clinical trials may also be delayed or terminated prior to
completion as a result of ambiguous or negative interim results. In
addition, a clinical trial may be suspended or terminated by us,
the FDA, the IRBs at the sites where the IRBs are overseeing a
clinical trial, a data and safety monitoring board
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">DSMB</font><font style="color: #000000">), overseeing the clinical trial at issue or other
regulatory authorities due to a number of factors, including, among
others:</font></font></div>
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failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory
requirements or approved clinical protocols;</font></div>
</div>
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inspection of the clinical trial operations or trial sites by the
FDA or other regulatory authorities that reveals deficiencies or
violations that require us to undertake corrective action,
including the imposition of a clinical hold;</font></div>
</div>
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unforeseen safety issues, including any that could be identified in
our ongoing nonclinical carcinogenicity studies, adverse side
effects or lack of effectiveness;</font></div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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changes in government regulations or administrative
actions;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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problems with clinical supply materials that may lead to regulatory
actions; and</font></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">lack
of adequate funding to continue nonclinical or clinical
studies.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Changes in regulatory requirements, FDA guidance or unanticipated
events during our nonclinical studies and clinical trials of AV-101
or other product candidates may occur, which may result in changes
to nonclinical studies and clinical trial protocols or additional
nonclinical studies and clinical trial requirements, which could
result in increased costs to us and could delay our development
timeline.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Changes in regulatory requirements, FDA guidance or unanticipated
events during our nonclinical studies and clinical trials may force
us to amend nonclinical studies and clinical trial protocols or the
FDA may impose additional nonclinical studies and clinical trial
requirements. Amendments or changes to our clinical trial protocols
would require resubmission to the FDA and IRBs for review and
approval, which may adversely impact the cost, timing or successful
completion of clinical trials. Similarly, amendments to our
nonclinical studies may adversely impact the cost, timing, or
successful completion of those non-clinical studies. If we
experience delays completing, or if we terminate, any of our
nonclinical studies or clinical trials, or if we are required to
conduct additional nonclinical studies or clinical trials, the
commercial prospects for AV-101 or other product candidates may be
harmed and our ability to generate product revenue will be
delayed.</font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We rely, and expect that we will continue to rely, on third parties
to conduct non-clinical and clinical trials of AV-101 and any other
product candidates. If these third parties do not successfully
carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines,
completion of non-clinical and clinical trials and development of
AV-101 and other product candidates may be delayed and we may not
be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize AV-101
or other product candidates and our business could be substantially
harmed.</font></div>
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We do not have the internal staff resources to independently
conduct nonclinical and clinical trials completely on our own. We
rely on our network of strategic relationships with various medical
institutions, nonclinical and clinical investigators, contract
laboratories and other third parties, such as contract research and
development organizations (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CROs</font><font style="color: #000000">), to conduct nonclinical and clinical trials of
our product candidates. We enter into agreements with third-party
CROs to provide monitors for and to manage data for our clinical
trials, as well as provide other services necessary to prepare for,
conduct and complete clinical trials. We rely heavily on these and
other third-parties for execution of nonclinical and clinical
trials for our product candidates and control only certain aspects
of their activities. As a result, we have less direct control over
the conduct, timing and completion of these nonclinical and
clinical trials and the management of data developed through
nonclinical and clinical trials than would be the case if we were
relying entirely upon our own staff. Communicating with outside
parties can also be challenging, potentially leading to mistakes as
well as difficulties in coordinating activities. Outside parties
may:</font></font></div>
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have staffing difficulties and/or undertake obligations beyond
their anticipated capabilities and resources;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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fail to comply with contractual obligations;</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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</font></div>
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experience regulatory compliance issues;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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</font></div>
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undergo changes in priorities or become financially distressed;
or</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
form relationships with other entities, some of which may be our
competitors.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
These factors may materially adversely affect the willingness or
ability of third parties to conduct our nonclinical and clinical
trials and may subject us to unexpected cost increases that are
beyond our control. Nevertheless, we are responsible for ensuring
that each of our nonclinical studies and clinical trials is
conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal,
regulatory and scientific requirements and standards, and our
reliance on CROs or the NIH does not relieve us of our regulatory
responsibilities. We and our CROs and the NIMH are required to
comply with regulations and guidelines, including current cGCPs for
conducting, monitoring, recording and reporting the results of
clinical trials to ensure that the data and results are
scientifically credible and accurate, and that the trial patients
are adequately informed of the potential risks of participating in
clinical trials. These regulations are enforced by the FDA, the
Competent Authorities of the Member States of the European Economic
Area and comparable foreign regulatory authorities for any products
in clinical development. The FDA enforces cGCP regulations through
periodic inspections of clinical trial sponsors, principal
investigators and trial sites. If we or any of our CROs fail to
comply with applicable cGCPs, the clinical data generated in our
clinical trials may be deemed unreliable and the FDA or comparable
foreign regulatory authorities may require us to perform additional
clinical trials before approving our marketing applications. We
cannot assure you that, upon inspection, the FDA will determine
that any of our clinical trials comply with cGCPs. In addition, our
clinical trials must be conducted with product candidates produced
under cGMPs regulations and will require a large number of test
patients. Our failure or the failure of our CROs to comply with
these regulations may require us to repeat clinical trials, which
would delay the regulatory approval process and could also subject
us to enforcement action up to and including civil and criminal
penalties.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we design our clinical trials for our product candidates,
we plan to have CROs, and in the case of the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase
2 Monotherapy Study, the NIMH, conduct the AV-101 Phase 2 and Phase
3 clinical trials. As a result, many important aspects of our drug
development programs are outside of our direct control. In
addition, the CROs or the NIMH, as the case may be, may not perform
all of their obligations under arrangements with us or in
compliance with regulatory requirements, but we remain responsible
and are subject to enforcement action that may include civil
penalties up to and including criminal prosecution for any
violations of FDA laws and regulations during the conduct of our
clinical trials. If the NIMH or CROs do not perform clinical trials
in a satisfactory manner, breach their obligations to us or fail to
comply with regulatory requirements, the development and
commercialization of AV-101 and other product candidates may be
delayed or our development program materially and irreversibly
harmed. We cannot control the amount and timing of resources these
CROs or the NIMH devote to our program or our clinical products. If
we are unable to rely on non-clinical and clinical data collected
by our CROs or the NIMH, we could be required to repeat, extend the
duration of, or increase the size of our clinical trials and this
could significantly delay commercialization and require
significantly greater expenditures.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If any of our relationships with these third-party CROs or the NIMH
terminate, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with
alternative CROs or collaborators.  If CROs or the NIMH
do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or
obligations or meet expected deadlines, if they need to be replaced
or if the quality or accuracy of the clinical data they obtain is
compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols,
regulatory requirements or for other reasons, any clinical trials
that such CROs or the NIMH are associated with may be extended,
delayed or terminated, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory
approval for or successfully develop and commercialize our product
candidates. As a result, we believe that our financial results and
the commercial prospects for our product candidates in the subject
indication would be harmed, our costs would increase and our
ability to generate revenue would be delayed.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We rely completely on third-parties to manufacture and prepare
supplies of AV-101 for all nonclinical and clinical studies of
AV-101, and we intend to continue to rely on third-parties to
produce all nonclinical, clinical and commercial supplies of AV-101
in the future.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We do not currently have, nor do we plan to acquire or develop, the
necessary infrastructure internal resources or technical
capabilities to manufacture and prepare supplies of AV-101, or any
future product candidates, for use in nonclinical and clinical
studies, and we lack the internal resources and the capability to
manufacture any product candidate on a clinical or commercial
scale.  As a result, we rely completely on third-party
contract manufacturing organizations (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CMO</font><font style="color: #000000">s) to manufacture AV-101 active pharmaceutical
ingredient (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">API</font><font style="color: #000000">) and prepare AV-101 final drug product. The
facilities used by our CMOs to manufacture AV-101 API and final
drug product must complete a pre-approval inspection by the FDA and
other comparable foreign regulatory agencies to assess compliance
with applicable requirements, including cGMPs, after we submit our
AV-101 INDs, NDAs or relevant foreign regulatory submission
equivalent to the applicable regulatory agency.</font></font></div>
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<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 31 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We do not directly control either the supply or quality of
materials used in the manufacturing and preparation of AV-101 or
the AV-101 manufacturing process, and we are completely dependent
on our CMOs to comply with all cGMPs for manufacture of both AV-101
API and AV-101 finished drug product. If our CMOs cannot secure
adequate supplies of suitable raw materials or successfully
manufacture AV-101 API that conforms to our specifications and the
strict regulatory requirements of the FDA or applicable foreign
regulatory agencies, production of sufficient supplies of AV-101
API and finished drug product may be delayed and our CMOs may not
be able to secure and/or maintain regulatory approval for their
manufacturing facilities, or the FDA may take other actions,
including the imposition of a clinical hold. In addition, we have
no direct control over our CMOs’ ability to maintain adequate
quality control, quality assurance and qualified personnel. All of
our CMOs are engaged with other companies to supply and/or
manufacture materials or products for such other companies, which
exposes our CMOs to regulatory risks for the production of such
materials and products. As a result, failure to satisfy the
regulatory requirements for the production of those materials and
products may affect the regulatory clearance of our CMO’s
facilities generally or affect the timing of manufacture of AV-101
for required or planned nonclinical and/or clinical studies of
AV-101. If the FDA or an applicable foreign regulatory agency
determines now or in the future that our CMOs’ facilities are
noncompliant, we may need to find alternative manufacturing
facilities, which would adversely impact our ability to develop,
obtain regulatory approval for or market AV-101. Our reliance on
CMOs also exposes us to the possibility that they, or third parties
with access to their facilities, will have access to and may
appropriate our trade secrets or other proprietary
information.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We do not yet have long-term AV-101 supply agreements in place with
our CMOs and each batch of AV-101 is individually contracted under
a separate supply agreement. If we engage new CMOs, such
contractors must complete an inspection by the FDA and other
applicable foreign regulatory agencies. We plan to continue to rely
upon CMOs and, potentially, collaboration partners, to manufacture
research, development and, if approved, commercial quantities of
AV-101 and any other product candidates we may seek to develop in
the future. Although we believe our current scale of manufacturing
for AV-101 and current and projected supply of AV-101 API and
finished drug product will be adequate to support our planned
nonclinical and clinical studies of AV-101, no assurance can be
given that unanticipated AV-101 supply shortages, CMO-related
delays in manufacture and production of AV-101 API and finished
drug product will not occur in the future.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000">
Even if we receive marketing approval for AV-101 or any other
product candidate in the United States, we may never receive
regulatory approval to market AV-101 or any other product candidate
outside of the United States.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have not yet selected any markets outside of the United States
where we intend to seek regulatory approval to market our product
candidates. In order to market any product outside of the United
States, however, we must establish and comply with the numerous and
varying safety, efficacy and other regulatory requirements of other
countries. Approval procedures vary among countries and can involve
additional product candidate testing and additional administrative
review periods. The time required to obtain approvals in other
countries might differ from that required to obtain FDA approval.
The marketing approval processes in other countries may implicate
all of the risks detailed above regarding FDA approval in the
United States as well as other risks. In particular, in many
countries outside of the United States, products must receive
pricing and reimbursement approval before the product can be
commercialized. Obtaining this approval can result in substantial
delays in bringing products to market in such countries. Marketing
approval in one country does not ensure marketing approval in
another, but a failure or delay in obtaining marketing approval in
one country may have a negative effect on the regulatory process in
others. Failure to obtain marketing approval in other countries or
any delay or other setback in obtaining such approval would impair
our ability to market our product candidates in such foreign
markets. Any such impairment would reduce the size of our potential
market, which could have a material adverse impact on our business,
results of operations and prospects.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If any of our product candidates are ultimately regulated as
controlled substances, we, our contract manufacturers, as well as
future distributors, prescribers, and dispensers will be required
to comply with additional regulatory requirements which could delay
the marketing of our product candidates, and increase the cost and
burden of manufacturing, distributing, dispensing, and prescribing
our product candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Before we can commercialize our product candidates, the United
States Drug Enforcement Administration (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">DEA</font><font style="color: #000000">) may need to determine the controlled substance
schedule, taking into account the recommendation of the FDA. This
may be a</font><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman"> </font><font style="color: #000000">lengthy
process that could delay our marketing of a product candidate and
could potentially diminish any regulatory exclusivity periods for
which we may be eligible, which would increase the cost associated
with commercializing such products and, in turn, may have an
adverse impact on our results of operations. While we currently do
not know whether any of our product candidates will be considered
to be controlled substances, certain of our product candidates,
including AV-101, may be regulated as controlled
substances.</font></font></div>
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</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If any of our product candidates are regulated as controlled
substances, depending on the controlled substance schedule in which
the product candidates are placed, we, our contract manufacturers,
and any future distributers, prescribers, and dispensers of the
scheduled product candidates may be subject to significant
regulatory requirements, such as registration, security,
recordkeeping, reporting, storage, distribution, importation,
exportation, inventory, quota and other requirements administered
by the DEA. Moreover, if any of our product candidates are
regulated as controlled substances, we and our contract
manufacturers would be subject to initial and periodic DEA
inspection. If we or our contract manufacturers are not able to
obtain or maintain any necessary DEA registrations, we may not be
able to commercialize any product candidates that are deemed to be
controlled substances or we may need to find alternative contract
manufacturers, which would take time and cause us to incur
additional costs, delaying or limit our commercialization
efforts.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Because of their restrictive nature, these laws and regulations
could limit commercialization of our product candidates, should
they be deemed to contain controlled substances. Failure to comply
with the applicable controlled substance laws and regulations can
also result in administrative, civil or criminal enforcement. The
DEA may seek civil penalties, refuse to renew necessary
registrations, or initiate administrative proceedings to revoke
those registrations. In some circumstances, violations could result
in criminal proceedings or consent decrees. Individual states also
independently regulate controlled substances.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we are unable to establish sales and marketing capabilities or
enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell our
product candidates, we may not be able to generate any
revenue.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We do not currently have an infrastructure for the sale, marketing
and distribution of pharmaceutical products, nor do we intend to
create such capabilities. Therefore, in order to market our product
candidates, if approved by the FDA or any other regulatory body, we
must make contractual arrangements with third parties to perform
services related to sales, marketing, managerial and other
non-technical capabilities relating to the commercialization of our
product candidates. If we are unable to establish adequate
contractual arrangements for such sales, marketing and distribution
capabilities, or if we are unable to do so on commercially
reasonable terms, our business, results of operations, financial
condition and prospects will be materially adversely
affected.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if we receive marketing approval for our product candidates,
our product candidates may not achieve broad market acceptance,
which would limit the revenue that we generate from their
sales.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The commercial success of our product candidates, if approved by
the FDA or other applicable regulatory authorities, will depend
upon the awareness and acceptance of our product candidates among
the medical community, including physicians, patients and
healthcare payors. Market acceptance of our product candidates, if
approved, will depend on a number of factors, including, among
others:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the efficacy and safety of our product candidates as demonstrated
in clinical trials, and, if required by any applicable regulatory
authority in connection with the approval for the applicable
indications, to provide patients with incremental health benefits,
as compared with other available therapies;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 33 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
limitations or warnings contained in the labeling approved for our
product candidates by the FDA or other applicable regulatory
authorities;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the clinical indications for which our product candidates are
approved;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
availability of alternative treatments already approved or expected
to be commercially launched in the near future;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 48px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: -48px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">  </font></div>
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<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the potential and perceived advantages of our product candidates
over current treatment options or alternative treatments, including
future alternative treatments;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the willingness of the target patient population to try new
therapies and of physicians to prescribe these
therapies;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the strength of marketing and distribution support and timing of
market introduction of competitive products;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">publicity
concerning our products or competing products and
treatments;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">pricing
and cost effectiveness;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the effectiveness of our sales and marketing
strategies;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">our
ability to increase awareness of our product candidates through
marketing efforts;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our ability to obtain sufficient third-party coverage or
reimbursement; or</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font> </font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the willingness of patients to pay out-of-pocket in the absence of
third-party coverage.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If our product candidates are approved but do not achieve an
adequate level of acceptance by patients, physicians and payors, we
may not generate sufficient revenue from our product candidates to
become or remain profitable. Before granting reimbursement
approval, healthcare payors may require us to demonstrate that our
product candidates, in addition to treating these target
indications, also provide incremental health benefits to patients.
Our efforts to educate the medical community and third-party payors
about the benefits of our product candidates may require
significant resources and may never be successful.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our product candidates may cause undesirable safety concerns and
side effects that could delay or prevent their regulatory approval,
limit the commercial profile of an approved label, or result in
significant negative consequences following marketing approval, if
any.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Undesirable safety concerns and side effects caused by our product
candidates could cause us or regulatory authorities to interrupt,
delay or halt non-clinical studies and clinical trials and could
result in a more restrictive label or the delay or denial of
regulatory approval by the FDA or other regulatory
authorities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Further, clinical trials by their nature utilize a sample of
potential patient populations. With a limited number of patients
and limited duration of exposure, rare and severe side effects of
our product candidates may only be uncovered with a significantly
larger number of patients exposed to the product candidate. If our
product candidates receive marketing approval and we or others
identify undesirable safety concerns or side effects caused by such
product candidates (or any other similar products) after such
approval, a number of potentially significant negative consequences
could result, including:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">regulatory
authorities may withdraw or limit their approval of such product
candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
regulatory authorities may require the addition of labeling
statements, such as a “black box” warning or a
contraindication;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we may be required to change the way such product candidates are
distributed or administered, conduct additional clinical trials or
change the labeling of the product candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we may be subject to regulatory investigations and government
enforcement actions;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </font>  </font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">we
may decide to remove such product candidates from the
marketplace;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 34 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we could be sued and held liable for injury caused to individuals
exposed to or taking our product candidates; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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our reputation may suffer.</font></div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We believe that any of these events could prevent us from achieving
or maintaining market acceptance of the affected product candidates
and would substantially increase the costs of commercializing our
product candidates and significantly impact our ability to
successfully commercialize our product candidates and generate
revenues.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if we receive marketing approval for our product candidates,
we may still face future development and regulatory
difficulties.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if we receive marketing approval for our product candidates,
regulatory authorities may still impose significant restrictions on
our product candidates, indicated uses or marketing or impose
ongoing requirements for potentially costly post-approval studies.
Our product candidates will also be subject to ongoing regulatory
requirements governing the labeling, packaging, storage and
promotion of the product and record keeping and submission of
safety and other post-market information. The FDA has significant
post-marketing authority, including, for example, the authority to
require labeling changes based on new safety information and to
require post-marketing studies or clinical trials to evaluate
serious safety risks related to the use of a drug. The FDA also has
the authority to require, as part of an NDA or post-approval, the
submission of a REMS. Any REMS required by the FDA may lead to
increased costs to assure compliance with new post-approval
regulatory requirements and potential requirements or restrictions
on the sale of approved products, all of which could lead to lower
sales volume and revenue.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Manufacturers of drug products and their facilities are subject to
continual review and periodic inspections by the FDA and other
regulatory authorities for compliance with cGMPs and other
regulations. If we or a regulatory agency discover problems with
our product candidates, such as adverse events of unanticipated
severity or frequency, or problems with the facility where our
product candidates are manufactured, a regulatory agency may impose
restrictions on our product candidates, the manufacturer or us,
including requiring withdrawal of our product candidates from the
market or suspension of manufacturing. If we, our product
candidates or the manufacturing facilities for our product
candidates fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements,
a regulatory agency may, among other things:</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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warning letters or untitled letters;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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</font></div>
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seek an injunction or impose civil or criminal penalties or
monetary fines;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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</font></div>
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suspend or withdraw marketing approval;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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</font></div>
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suspend any ongoing clinical trials;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to
applications submitted by us;</font></div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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suspend or impose restrictions on operations, including costly new
manufacturing requirements; or</font></div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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seize or detain products, refuse to permit the import or export of
products, or require that we initiate a product
recall.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Competing therapies could emerge adversely affecting our
opportunity to generate revenue from the sale of our product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The pharmaceuticals industry is highly competitive. There are many
public and private pharmaceutical companies, universities,
governmental agencies and other research organizations actively
engaged in the research and development of product candidates that
may be similar to our product candidates or address similar
markets. It is probable that the number of companies seeking to
develop product candidates similar to our product candidates will
increase.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Currently, management is unaware of any FDA-approved oral
adjunctive therapy for MDD patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants having the same mechanism of action and
safety profile as AV-101. However, new antidepressant products with
other mechanisms of action or products approved for other
indications, including the anesthetic ketamine hydrochloride, are
being or may be used off-label for treatment of MDD, as well as
other CNS indications for which AV-101 may have therapeutic
potential. Additionally, other non-pharmaceutical treatment
options, such psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">ECT</font><font style="color: #000000">) are sometimes used before or instead of standard
antidepressant medications to treat patients with
MDD.</font></font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In the field of new generation, orally available, adjunctive
treatments of adult MDD patients with an inadequate response to
standard antidepressants, we believe our principal competitor is
Alkermes’ orally available drug candidate in Phase 3
development, ALKS-5461.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Many of our potential competitors, alone or with their strategic
partners, have substantially greater financial, technical and human
resources than we do and significantly greater experience in the
discovery and development of product candidates, obtaining FDA and
other regulatory approvals of treatments and the commercialization
of those treatments.  We believe that a range of
pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies have programs to develop
small molecule drug candidates for the treatment of depression,
including MDD, Parkinson’s disease levodopa induced
dyskinesia, neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and other neurological
conditions and diseases, including, but not limited to, Abbott
Laboratories, Acadia, Allergan, Alkermes, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly,
GlaxoSmithKline, IntraCellular, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen,
Lundbeck, Merck, Novartis, Ono, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Sage,
Sumitomo Dainippon, and Takeda, as well as any affiliates of the
foregoing companies.  Mergers and acquisitions in the
biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries may result in even more
resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our
competitors. Our commercial opportunity could be reduced or
eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize products
that are safer, more effective, have fewer or less severe side
effects, are more convenient or are less expensive than any
products that we may develop. Our competitors also may obtain FDA
or other regulatory approval for their products more rapidly than
we may obtain approval for ours, which could result in our
competitors establishing a strong market position before we are
able to enter the market.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may seek to establish collaborations, and, if we are not able to
establish them on commercially reasonable terms, we may have to
alter our development and commercialization plans.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our drug development programs and the potential commercialization
of our product candidates will require substantial additional cash
to fund expenses. For some of our product candidates, we may decide
to collaborate with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for
the development and potential commercialization of those product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We face significant competition in seeking appropriate
collaborators. Whether we reach a definitive agreement for
collaboration will depend, among other things, upon our assessment
of the collaborator’s resources and expertise, the terms and
conditions of the proposed collaboration and the proposed
collaborator’s evaluation of a number of factors. Those
factors may include the design or results of clinical trials, the
likelihood of approval by the FDA or similar regulatory authorities
outside the United States, the potential markets for the subject
product candidate, the costs and complexities of manufacturing and
delivering such product candidate to patients, the potential of
competing products, the existence of uncertainty with respect to
our ownership of technology, which can exist if there is a
challenge to such ownership without regard to the merits of the
challenge and industry and market conditions generally. The
collaborator may also consider alternative product candidates or
technologies for similar indications that may be available to
collaborate on and whether such collaboration could be more
attractive than the one with us for our product candidate. The
terms of any collaboration or other arrangements that we may
establish may not be favorable to us.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may also be restricted under existing collaboration agreements
from entering into future agreements on certain terms with
potential collaborators. Collaborations are complex and
time-consuming to negotiate and document. In addition, there have
been a significant number of recent business combinations among
large pharmaceutical companies that have resulted in a reduced
number of potential future collaborators.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may not be able to negotiate collaborations on a timely basis,
on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to do so, we may
have to curtail the development of the product candidate for which
we are seeking to collaborate, reduce or delay its development
program or one or more of our other development programs, delay its
potential commercialization or reduce the scope of any sales or
marketing activities, or increase our expenditures and undertake
development or commercialization activities at our own expense. If
we elect to increase our expenditures to fund development or
commercialization activities on our own, we may need to obtain
additional capital, which may not be available to us on acceptable
terms or at all. If we do not have sufficient funds, we may not be
able to further develop our product candidates or bring them to
market and generate product revenue.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, any future collaboration that we enter into may not be
successful. The success of our collaboration arrangements will
depend heavily on the efforts and activities of our collaborators.
Collaborators generally have significant discretion in determining
the efforts and resources that they will apply to these
collaborations. Disagreements between parties to a collaboration
arrangement regarding clinical development and commercialization
matters can lead to delays in the development process or
commercializing the applicable product candidate and, in some
cases, termination of the collaboration arrangement. These
disagreements can be difficult to resolve if neither of the parties
has final decision-making authority. Collaborations with
pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies and other third parties
often are terminated or allowed to expire by the other party. Any
such termination or expiration would adversely affect us
financially and could harm our business reputation.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may not be successful in our efforts to identify or discover
additional product candidates or we may expend our limited
resources to pursue a particular product candidate or indication
and fail to capitalize on product candidates or indications that
may be more profitable or for which there is a greater likelihood
of success.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The success of our business depends primarily upon our ability to
identify, develop and commercialize product candidates with
commercial and therapeutic potential. Although AV-101 is in Phase 2
clinical development for treatment of depression, we may fail to
pursue additional CNS-related Phase 2 development opportunities for
AV-101, or identify additional product candidates for clinical
development for a number of reasons. Our research methodology may
be unsuccessful in identifying new product candidates or our
product candidates may be shown to have harmful side effects or may
have other characteristics that may make the products unmarketable
or unlikely to receive marketing approval.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Because we currently have limited financial and management
resources, we necessarily focus on a limited number of research and
development programs and product candidates and are currently
focused primarily on development of AV-101, with additional limited
focus on NCE drug rescue and RM. As a result, we may forego or
delay pursuit of opportunities with other product candidates or for
other potential CNS-related indications for AV-101 that later prove
to have greater commercial potential. Our resource allocation
decisions may cause us to fail to capitalize on viable commercial
drugs or profitable market opportunities. Our spending on current
and future research and development programs and product candidates
for specific indications may not yield any commercially viable
drugs. If we do not accurately evaluate the commercial potential or
target market for a particular product candidate, we may relinquish
valuable rights to that product candidate through future
collaboration, licensing or other royalty arrangements in cases in
which it would have been more advantageous for us to retain sole
development and commercialization rights to such product
candidate.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If any of these events occur, we may be forced to abandon our
development efforts for a program or programs, which would have a
material adverse effect on our business and could potentially cause
us to cease operations. Research and development programs to
identify and advance new product candidates require substantial
technical, financial and human resources. We may focus our efforts
and resources on potential programs or product candidates that
ultimately prove to be unsuccessful.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We are subject to healthcare laws and regulations, which could
expose us to criminal sanctions, civil penalties, contractual
damages, reputational harm and diminished profits and future
earnings.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we do not currently have any products on the market, once
we begin commercializing our products, we may be subject to
additional healthcare statutory and regulatory requirements and
enforcement by the federal government and the states and foreign
governments in which we conduct our business. Healthcare providers,
physicians and others will play a primary role in the
recommendation and prescription of our product candidates, if
approved. Our future arrangements with third-party payors will
expose us to broadly applicable fraud and abuse and other
healthcare laws and regulations that may constrain the business or
financial arrangements and relationships through which we market,
sell and distribute our product candidates, if we obtain marketing
approval. Restrictions under applicable federal and state
healthcare laws and regulations include the following:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
The federal anti-kickback statute prohibits, among other things,
persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering,
receiving or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in
cash or in kind, to induce or reward either the referral of an
individual for, or the purchase, order or recommendation of, any
good or service, for which payment may be made under federal
healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
The federal False Claims Act imposes criminal and civil penalties,
including those from civil whistleblower or qui tam actions,
against individuals or entities for knowingly presenting, or
causing to be presented, to the federal government, claims for
payment that are false or fraudulent or making a false statement to
avoid, decrease, or conceal an obligation to pay money to the
federal government.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
The federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of
1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic
and Clinical Health Act, imposes criminal and civil liability for
executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program and
also imposes obligations, including mandatory contractual terms,
with respect to safeguarding the privacy, security and transmission
of individually identifiable health information.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
The federal false statements statute prohibits knowingly and
willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or
making any materially false statement in connection with the
delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or
services.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
The federal transparency requirements, sometimes referred to as the
“Sunshine Act,” under the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act, require manufacturers of drugs, devices,
biologics and medical supplies that are reimbursable under
Medicare, Medicaid, or the Children’s Health Insurance
Program to report to the Department of Health and Human Services
information related to physician payments and other transfers of
value and physician ownership and investment
interests.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Analogous state laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback
and false claims laws and transparency laws, may apply to sales or
marketing arrangements and claims involving healthcare items or
services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors,
including private insurers, and some state laws require
pharmaceutical companies to comply with the pharmaceutical
industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant
compliance.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Guidance promulgated by the federal government in addition to
requiring drug manufacturers to report information related to
payments to physicians and other healthcare providers or marketing
expenditures and drug pricing.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Ensuring that our future business arrangements with third parties
comply with applicable healthcare laws and regulations could be
costly. It is possible that governmental authorities will conclude
that our business practices do not comply with current or future
statutes, regulations or case law involving applicable fraud and
abuse or other healthcare laws and regulations. If our operations,
including anticipated activities to be conducted by our sales team,
were found to be in violation of any of these laws or any other
governmental regulations that may apply to us, we may be subject to
significant civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages,
fines and exclusion from government funded healthcare programs,
such as Medicare and Medicaid, any of which could substantially
disrupt our operations. If any of the physicians or other providers
or entities with whom we expect to do business is found not to be
in compliance with applicable laws, they may be subject to
criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions
from government funded healthcare programs.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The FDA and other regulatory agencies actively enforce the laws and
regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses. If we are
found to have improperly promoted off-label uses, we may become
subject to significant liability.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The FDA and other regulatory agencies strictly regulate the
promotional claims that may be made about prescription products,
such as AV-101, if approved. In particular, a product may not be
promoted for uses that are not approved by the FDA or such other
regulatory agencies as reflected in the product’s approved
labeling. For example, if we receive marketing approval for AV-101
as an adjunctive treatment of MDD, physicians may nevertheless
prescribe AV-101 to their patients in a manner that is inconsistent
with the approved label. If we are found to have promoted such
off-label uses, we may become subject to significant liability. The
federal government has levied large civil and criminal fines
against companies for alleged improper promotion and has enjoined
several companies from engaging in off-label promotion. The FDA has
also requested that companies enter into consent decrees or
permanent injunctions under which specified promotional conduct is
changed or curtailed. If we cannot successfully manage the
promotion of our product candidates, if approved, we could become
subject to significant liability, which would materially adversely
affect our business and financial condition.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if approved, reimbursement policies could limit our ability to
sell our product candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Market acceptance and sales of our product candidates will depend
heavily on reimbursement policies and may be affected by healthcare
reform measures. Government authorities and third-party payors,
such as private health insurers and health maintenance
organizations, decide which medications they will pay for and
establish reimbursement levels for those medications. Cost
containment is a primary concern in the U.S. healthcare industry
and elsewhere. Government authorities and these third-party payors
have attempted to control costs by limiting coverage and the amount
of reimbursement for particular medications. We cannot be sure that
reimbursement will be available for our product candidates and, if
reimbursement is available, the level of such reimbursement.
Reimbursement may impact the demand for, or the price of, our
product candidates. If reimbursement is not available or is
available only at limited levels, we may not be able to
successfully commercialize our product candidates.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In some foreign countries, particularly in Canada and European
countries, the pricing of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject
to strict governmental control. In these countries, pricing
negotiations with governmental authorities can take six months or
longer after the receipt of regulatory approval and product launch.
To obtain favorable reimbursement for the indications sought or
pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to conduct a
clinical trial that compares the cost-effectiveness of our product
candidates with other available therapies. If reimbursement for our
product candidates is unavailable in any country in which we seek
reimbursement, if it is limited in scope or amount, if it is
conditioned upon our completion of additional clinical trials, or
if pricing is set at unsatisfactory levels, our operating results
could be materially adversely affected.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may seek FDA Orphan Drug designation for one or more of our
product candidates, including AV-101. Even if we have obtained FDA
Orphan Drug designation for AV-101 of other product candidates,
there may be limits to the regulatory exclusivity afforded by such
designation.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may, in the future, choose to seek FDA Orphan Drug designation
for one or more of our product candidates, including AV-101. Even
if we obtain Orphan Drug designation from the FDA for AV-101 or any
other product candidates, there are limitations to the exclusivity
afforded by such designation. In the United States, the company
that first obtains FDA approval for a designated orphan drug for
the specified rare disease or condition receives orphan drug
marketing exclusivity for that drug for a period of seven years.
This orphan drug exclusivity prevents the FDA from approving
another application, including a full NDA to market the same drug
for the same orphan indication, except in very limited
circumstances, including when the FDA concludes that the later drug
is safer, more effective or makes a major contribution to patient
care. For purposes of small molecule drugs, the FDA defines
“same drug” as a drug that contains the same active
moiety and is intended for the same use as the drug in question. To
obtain Orphan Drug status for a drug that shares the same active
moiety as an already approved drug, it must be demonstrated to the
FDA that the drug is safer or more effective than the approved
orphan designated drug, or that it makes a major contribution to
patient care. In addition, a designated orphan drug may not receive
orphan drug exclusivity if it is approved for a use that is broader
than the indication for which it received orphan designation. In
addition, orphan drug exclusive marketing rights in the United
States may be lost if the FDA later determines that the request for
designation was materially defective or if the manufacturer is
unable to assure sufficient quantity of the drug to meet the needs
of patients with the rare disease or condition or if another drug
with the same active moiety is determined to be safer, more
effective, or represents a major contribution to patient
care.</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our future growth may depend, in part, on our ability to penetrate
foreign markets, where we would be subject to additional regulatory
burdens and other risks and uncertainties.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our future profitability may depend, in part, on our ability to
commercialize our product candidates in foreign markets for which
we may rely on collaboration with third parties. If we
commercialize our product candidates in foreign markets, we would
be subject to additional risks and uncertainties,
including:</font></div>
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our customers’ ability to obtain reimbursement for our
product candidates in foreign markets;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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our inability to directly control commercial activities because we
are relying on third parties;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the burden of complying with complex and changing foreign
regulatory, tax, accounting and legal requirements;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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<div style="display: table;">
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different medical practices and customs in foreign countries
affecting acceptance in the marketplace;</font></div>
</div>
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import or export licensing requirements;</font></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
longer accounts receivable collection times;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
longer lead times for shipping;</font></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">language
barriers for technical training;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">reduced
protection of intellectual property rights in some foreign
countries;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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existence of additional potentially relevant third party
intellectual property rights;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">foreign
currency exchange rate fluctuations; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the interpretation of contractual provisions governed by foreign
laws in the event of a contract dispute.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Foreign sales of our product candidates could also be adversely
affected by the imposition of governmental controls, political and
economic instability, trade restrictions and changes in
tariffs.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We are a development stage biopharmaceutical company with no
current revenues or approved products, and limited experience
developing new drug, biological and/or regenerative medicine
candidates, including conducting clinical trials and other areas
required for the successful development and commercialization of
therapeutic products, which makes it difficult to assess our future
viability.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We are a development stage biopharmaceutical company. Although our
lead drug candidate is in Phase 2 development, we currently have no
approved products and currently generate no revenues, and we have
not yet fully demonstrated an ability to overcome many of the
fundamental risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by
development stage companies in new and rapidly evolving fields of
technology, particularly biotechnology. To execute our business
plan successfully, we will need to accomplish the following
fundamental objectives, either on our own or with strategic
collaborators:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
produce product candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
develop and obtain required regulatory approvals for
commercialization of product candidates we produce;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">maintain,
leverage and expand our intellectual property
portfolio;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 39 -</font></div>
</div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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establish and maintain sales, distribution and marketing
capabilities, and/or enter into strategic partnering arrangements
to access such capabilities;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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gain market acceptance for our products; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
obtain adequate capital resources and manage our spending as costs
and expenses increase due to research, production, development,
regulatory approval and commercialization of product
candidates.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
 </font><font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000"> </font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our future success is highly dependent upon our ability to
successfully develop and commercialize AV-101 and discover, as well
as produce, develop and commercialize proprietary drug rescue NCEs
using our stem cell technology, and we cannot provide any assurance
that we will successfully develop and commercialize AV-101 or drug
rescue NCEs, or that, if produced, AV-101 or any drug rescue NCE
will be successfully commercialized.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Research programs designed to identify and produce drug rescue NCEs
require substantial technical, financial and human resources,
whether or not any NCEs are ultimately identified and produced. In
particular, our drug rescue programs may initially show promise in
identifying potential NCEs, yet fail to yield a lead NCE suitable
for preclinical, clinical development or commercialization for many
reasons, including the following:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our drug rescue research and development methodology may not be
successful in identifying and developing potential drug rescue
NCEs;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
competitors may develop alternatives that render our drug rescue
NCEs obsolete;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
a drug rescue NCE may, on further study, be shown to have harmful
side effects or other characteristics that indicate it is unlikely
to be effective or otherwise does not meet applicable regulatory
criteria;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
a drug rescue NCE may not be capable of being produced in
commercial quantities at an acceptable cost, or at all;
or</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
a drug rescue NCE may not be accepted as safe and effective by
regulatory authorities, patients, the medical community or
third-party payors.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, we do not have a sales or marketing infrastructure,
and we, including our executive officers, do not have any
significant pharmaceutical sales, marketing or distribution
experience. We may seek to collaborate with others to develop and
commercialize AV-101, drug rescue NCEs and/or other product
candidates if and when they are developed.  If we enter
into arrangements with third parties to perform sales, marketing
and distribution services for our products, the resulting revenues
or the profitability from these revenues to us are likely to be
lower than if we had sold, marketed and distributed our products
ourselves. In addition, we may not be successful in entering into
arrangements with third parties to sell, market and distribute
AV-101, any drug rescue NCEs or other product candidates or may be
unable to do so on terms that are favorable to us.  We
likely will have little control over such third parties, and any of
these third parties may fail to devote the necessary resources and
attention to sell, market and distribute our products
effectively.  If we do not establish sales, marketing and
distribution capabilities successfully, in collaboration with third
parties, we will not be successful in commercializing our product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have limited operating history with respect to drug development,
including our anticipated focus on the identification and
assessment of potential drug rescue NCEs and no operating history
with respect to the production of drug rescue NCEs, and we may
never be able to produce a drug rescue NCE.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we are unable to develop and commercialize AV-101 or
produce suitable drug rescue NCEs, we may not be able to generate
sufficient revenues to execute our business plan, which likely
would result in significant harm to our financial position and
results of operations, which could adversely impact our stock
price.  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
There are a number of factors, in addition to the utility
of </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D, that may impact our ability to identify
and produce, develop or out-license and commercialize drug rescue
NCEs, independently or with strategic partners,
including:</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our ability to identify potential drug rescue candidates in the
public domain, obtain sufficient quantities of them, and assess
them using our bioassay systems;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
if we seek to rescue drug rescue candidates that are not available
to us in the public domain, the extent to which third parties may
be willing to out-license or sell certain drug rescue candidates to
us on commercially reasonable terms;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">our medicinal chemistry collaborator’s
ability to design and produce proprietary drug rescue NCEs based on
the novel biology and structure-function insight we provide
using</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">CardioSafe</font>
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">3D; and</font></font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
financial resources available to us to develop and commercialize
lead drug rescue NCEs internally, or, if we out-license them to
strategic partners, the resources such partners choose to dedicate
to development and commercialization of any drug rescue NCEs they
license from us.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if we do produce proprietary drug rescue NCEs, we can give no
assurance that we will be able to develop and commercialize them as
a marketable drug, on our own or in collaboration with others.
Before we generate any revenues from AV-101 and/or additional drug
rescue NCEs we or our potential collaborators must complete
preclinical and clinical developments, submit clinical and
manufacturing data to the FDA, qualify a third party contract
manufacturer, receive regulatory approval in one or more
jurisdictions, satisfy the FDA that our contract manufacturer is
capable of manufacturing the product in compliance with cGMP, build
a commercial organization, make substantial investments and
undertake significant marketing efforts ourselves or in partnership
with others. We are not permitted to market or promote any of our
product candidates before we receive regulatory approval from the
FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities, and we may never
receive such regulatory approval for any of our product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">If
CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">fails to predict accurately
and efficiently the cardiac effects, both toxic and nontoxic, of
drug rescue candidates and drug rescue NCEs, then our drug rescue
programs will be adversely affected.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Our success is partly dependent on our ability to
use </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D to identify and predict, accurately and
efficiently, the potential toxic and nontoxic cardiac effects of
drug rescue candidates</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000"> </font><font style="color: #000000">and drug rescue NCEs. If </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D is not capable of providing
physiologically relevant and clinically predictive information
regarding human cardiac biology, our drug rescue business will be
adversely affected.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">may not be meaningfully more
predictive of the behavior of human cells than existing
methods.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The success of our drug rescue programs is highly dependent
upon </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D being more accurate, efficient and
clinically predictive than long-established surrogate safety
models, including animal cells and live animals, and immortalized,
primary and transformed cells, currently used by pharmaceutical
companies and others. We cannot give assurance
that </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D will be more efficient or accurate at
predicting the heart safety of new drug candidates than the testing
models currently used. If </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D fails to provide a meaningful difference
compared to existing or new models in predicting the behavior of
human heart, respectively, their utility for drug rescue will be
limited and our drug rescue business will be adversely
affected.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may invest in producing drug rescue NCEs for which there proves
to be no demand.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
To generate revenue from our drug rescue activities, we must
produce proprietary drug rescue NCEs for which there proves to be
demand within the healthcare marketplace, and, if we intend to
out-license a particular drug rescue NCE for development and
commercialization prior to market approval, then also among
pharmaceutical companies and other potential collaborators.
However, we may produce drug rescue NCEs for which there proves to
be no or limited demand in the healthcare market and/or among
pharmaceutical companies and others. If we misinterpret market
conditions, underestimate development costs and/or seek to rescue
the wrong drug rescue candidates, we may fail to generate
sufficient revenue or other value, on our own or in collaboration
with others, to justify our investments, and our drug rescue
business may be adversely affected.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may experience difficulty in producing human cells and our
future stem cell technology research and development efforts may
not be successful within the timeline anticipated, if at
all.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our human pluripotent stem cell technology is technically complex,
and the time and resources necessary to develop various human cell
types and customized bioassay systems are difficult to predict in
advance. We might decide to devote significant personnel and
financial resources to research and development activities designed
to expand, in the case of drug rescue, and explore, in the case of
drug discovery and regenerative medicine, potential applications of
our stem cell technology platform. In particular, we may conduct
exploratory non-clinical RM programs involving blood, bone,
cartilage, and/or liver cells. Although we and our collaborators
have developed proprietary protocols for the production of multiple
differentiated cell types, we could encounter difficulties in
differentiating and producing sufficient quantities of particular
cell types, even when following these proprietary protocols. These
difficulties could result in delays in production of certain cells,
assessment of certain drug rescue candidates and drug rescue NCEs,
design and development of certain human cellular assays and
performance of certain exploratory non-clinical regenerative
medicine studies. In the past, our stem cell research and
development projects have been significantly delayed when we
encountered unanticipated difficulties in differentiating human
pluripotent stem cells into heart and liver cells. Although we have
overcome such difficulties in the past, we may have similar delays
in the future, and we may not be able to overcome them or obtain
any benefits from our future stem cell technology research and
development activities. Any delay or failure by us, for example, to
produce functional, mature blood, bone, cartilage, and liver cells
could have a substantial and material adverse effect on our
potential drug discovery, drug rescue and regenerative medicine
business opportunities and results of operations.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Restrictions on research and development involving human embryonic
stem cells and religious and political pressure regarding such stem
cell research and development could impair our ability to conduct
or sponsor certain potential collaborative research and development
programs and adversely affect our prospects, the market price of
our common stock and our business model.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Some of our research and development programs may involve the use
of human cells derived from our controlled differentiation of human
embryonic stem cells (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">hESC</font><font style="color: #000000">s). Some believe the use of hESCs gives rise to
ethical and social issues regarding the appropriate use of these
cells. Our research related to differentiation of hESCs may become
the subject of adverse commentary or publicity, which could
significantly harm the market price of our common stock. Although
now substantially less than in years past, certain political and
religious groups in the United States and elsewhere voice
opposition to hESC technology and practices. We may use hESCs
derived from excess fertilized eggs that have been created for
clinical use in </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">in vitro</font><font style="color: #000000"> fertilization (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">IVF</font><font style="color: #000000">) procedures and have been donated for research
purposes with the informed consent of the donors after a successful
IVF procedure because they are no longer desired or suitable for
IVF. Certain academic research institutions have adopted policies
regarding the ethical use of human embryonic tissue. These policies
may have the effect of limiting the scope of future collaborative
research opportunities with such institutions, thereby potentially
impairing our ability to conduct certain research and development
in this field that we believe is necessary to expand the drug
rescue capabilities of our technology, which would have a material
adverse effect on our business.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The use of embryonic or fetal tissue in research (including the
derivation of hESCs) in other countries is regulated by the
government, and varies widely from country to country.
Government-imposed restrictions with respect to use of hESCs in
research and development could have a material adverse effect on us
by harming our ability to establish critical collaborations,
delaying or preventing progress in our research and development,
and causing a decrease in the market interest in our
stock.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The foregoing potential ethical concerns do not apply to our use of
induced pluripotent stem cells </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">(iPSC</font><font style="color: #000000">s) because their derivation does not involve the
use of embryonic tissues.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have assumed that the biological capabilities of iPSCs and hESCs
are likely to be comparable. If it is discovered that this
assumption is incorrect, our exploratory research and development
activities focused on potential regenerative medicine applications
of our stem cell technology platform could be harmed.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We may use both hESCs and iPSCs to produce human cells for our
customized </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">in vitro</font><font style="color: #000000"> assays for drug discovery and drug rescue
purposes. However, we anticipate that our future exploratory
research and development, if any, focused on potential regenerative
medicine applications of our stem cell technology platform
primarily will involve iPSCs. With respect to iPSCs, we believe
scientists are still somewhat uncertain about the clinical utility,
life span, and safety of such cells, and whether such cells differ
in any clinically significant ways from hESCs. If we discover that
iPSCs will not be useful for whatever reason for potential
regenerative medicine programs, this would negatively affect our
ability to explore expansion of our platform in that manner,
including, in particular, where it would be preferable to use iPSCs
to reproduce rather than approximate the effects of certain
specific genetic variations.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we fail to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and
regulations, we could become subject to fines or penalties or incur
costs that could have a material adverse effect on the success of
our business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We are subject to numerous environmental, health and safety laws
and regulations, including those governing laboratory procedures
and the handling, use, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous
materials and wastes. Our operations involve the use of hazardous
and flammable materials, including chemicals and biological
materials. Our operations also produce hazardous waste products. We
generally contract with third parties for the disposal of these
materials and wastes. We cannot eliminate the risk of contamination
or injury from these materials. In the event of contamination or
injury resulting from our use of hazardous materials, we could be
held liable for any resulting damages, and any liability could
exceed our resources. We also could incur significant costs
associated with civil or criminal fines and penalties.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we maintain workers' compensation insurance to cover us
for costs and expenses we may incur due to injuries to our
employees resulting from the use of hazardous materials, this
insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential
liabilities. We do not maintain insurance for environmental
liability or toxic tort claims that may be asserted against us in
connection with our storage or disposal of biological, hazardous or
radioactive materials.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, we may incur substantial costs in order to comply with
current or future environmental, health and safety laws and
regulations. These current or future laws and regulations may
impair our research, development or production efforts. Failure to
comply with these laws and regulations also may result in
substantial fines, penalties or other sanctions, which could have a
material adverse effect on our operations.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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To the extent our research and development activities involve using
iPSCs, we will be subject to complex and evolving laws and
regulations regarding privacy and informed consent. Many of these
laws and regulations are subject to change and uncertain
interpretation, and could result in claims, changes to our research
and development programs and objectives, increased cost of
operations or otherwise harm the Company.</font></div>
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To the extent that we pursue research and development activities
involving iPSCs, we will be subject to a variety of laws and
regulations in the United States and abroad that involve matters
central to such research and development activities, including
obligations to seek informed consent from donors for the use of
their blood and other tissue to produce, or have produced for us,
iPSCs, as well as state and federal laws that protect the privacy
of such donors. United States federal and state and foreign laws
and regulations are constantly evolving and can be subject to
significant change. If we engage in iPSC-related research and
development activities in countries other than the United States,
we may become subject to foreign laws and regulations relating to
human subjects research and other laws and regulations that are
often more restrictive than those in the United States. In
addition, both the application and interpretation of these laws and
regulations are often uncertain, particularly in the rapidly
evolving stem cell technology sector in which we operate. These
laws and regulations can be costly to comply with and can delay or
impede our research and development activities, result in negative
publicity, increase our operating costs, require significant
management time and attention and subject us to claims or other
remedies, including fines or demands that we modify or cease
existing business practices.</font></div>
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Legal, social and ethical concerns surrounding the use of iPSCs,
biological materials and genetic information could impair our
operations.</font></div>
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To the extent that our future stem cell research and development
activities involve the use of iPSCs and the manipulation of human
tissue and genetic information, the information we derive from such
iPSC-related research and development activities could be used in a
variety of applications, which may have underlying legal, social
and ethical concerns, including the genetic engineering or
modification of human cells, testing for genetic predisposition for
certain medical conditions and stem cell banking. Governmental
authorities could, for safety, social or other purposes, call for
limits on or impose regulations on the use of iPSCs and genetic
testing or the manufacture or use of certain biological materials
involved in our iPSC-related research and development programs.
Such concerns or governmental restrictions could limit our future
research and development activities, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our human cellular bioassay systems and human cells we derive from
human pluripotent stem cells, although not currently subject to
regulation by the FDA or other regulatory agencies as biological
products or drugs, could become subject to regulation in the
future.</font></div>
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The human cells we produce from hPSCs and our customized bioassay
systems using such cells, including </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D, are not currently sold, for research
purposes or any other purpose, to biotechnology or pharmaceutical
companies, government research institutions, academic and nonprofit
research institutions, medical research organizations or stem cell
banks, and they are not therapeutic procedures. As a result, they
are not subject to regulation as biological products or drugs by
the FDA or comparable agencies in other countries. However, if, in
the future, we seek to include human cells we derive from hPSCs in
therapeutic applications or product candidates, such applications
and/or product candidates would be subject to the FDA’s pre-
and post-market regulations. For example, if we seek to develop and
market human cells we produce for use in performing regenerative
medicine applications, such as tissue engineering or organ
replacement, we would first need to obtain FDA pre-market clearance
or approval. Obtaining such clearance or approval from the FDA is
expensive, time-consuming and uncertain, generally requiring many
years to obtain, and requiring detailed and comprehensive
scientific and clinical data. Notwithstanding the time and expense,
these efforts may not result in FDA approval or clearance. Even if
we were to obtain regulatory approval or clearance, it may not be
for the uses that we believe are important or commercially
attractive.</font></font></div>
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Risks Related to Our Financial Position</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have incurred significant net losses since inception and we will
continue to incur substantial operating losses for the foreseeable
future. We may never achieve or sustain profitability, which would
depress the market price of our common stock, and could cause you
to lose all or a part of your investment.</font></div>
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We have incurred significant net losses in each fiscal year since
our inception in 1998, including net losses of $10.3 million and
$47.2 million, which includes $26.7 million of non-cash expense
related to the extinguishment of essentially all of our outstanding
promissory notes and certain other indebtedness, during the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We incurred a
net loss of approximately $7.3 million in the six months ended
September 30, 2017 and, as of that date, we had an accumulated
deficit of approximately $149.3 million. We do not know whether or
when we will become profitable. Substantially all of our operating
losses have resulted from costs incurred in connection with our
research and development programs and from general and
administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to
incur increasing levels of operating losses over the next several
years and for the foreseeable future. Our prior losses, combined
with expected future losses, have had and will continue to have an
adverse effect on our stockholders’ equity (deficit) and
working capital. We expect our research and development expenses to
significantly increase in connection with non-clinical studies and
clinical trials of our product candidates. In addition, if we
obtain marketing approval for our product candidates, we may incur
significant sales, marketing and outsourced-manufacturing expenses
should we elect not to collaborate with one or more third parties
for such services and capabilities. As a public company, we incur
additional costs associated with operating as a public company. As
a result, we expect to continue to incur significant and increasing
operating losses for the foreseeable future. Because of the
numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing
pharmaceutical products, we are unable to predict the extent of any
future losses or when we will become profitable, if at all. Even if
we do become profitable, we may not be able to sustain or increase
our profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.</font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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Our ability to become profitable depends upon our ability to
generate revenues. To date, we have generated approximately $17.7
million in revenues, including receipt of non-dilutive cash
payments from collaborators, sublicense revenue, and research and
development grant awards from the NIH, not including the fair
market value of the ongoing NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy
Study under our NIMH CRADA. We have not yet commercialized any
product or generated any revenues from product sales, and we do not
know when, or if, we will generate any revenue from product sales.
We do not expect to generate significant revenue unless and until
we obtain marketing approval of, and begin to experience sales of,
AV-101, or we enter into one or more development and
commercialization agreements with respect to AV-101 or one or more
other product candidates. Our ability to generate revenue depends
on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, our ability
to:</font></div>
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initiate and successfully complete non-clinical and clinical trials
that meet their prescribed endpoints;</font></div>
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initiate and successfully complete all safety studies required to
obtain U.S. and foreign marketing approval for our product
candidates;</font></div>
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commercialize our product candidates, if approved, by developing a
sales force or entering into collaborations with third parties;
and</font></div>
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achieve market acceptance of our product candidates in the medical
community and with third-party payors.</font></div>
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Unless we enter into a development and commercialization
collaboration or partnership agreement, we expect to incur
significant sales and marketing costs as we prepare to
commercialize AV-101 or other product candidates. Even if we
initiate and successfully complete pivotal clinical trials of
AV-101 or other product candidates, and AV-101 or other product
candidates are approved for commercial sale, and despite expending
these costs, AV-101 or other product candidates may not be
commercially successful. We may not achieve profitability soon
after generating product sales, if ever. If we are unable to
generate product revenue, we will not become profitable and may be
unable to continue operations without continued
funding.</font></div>
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We require additional financing to execute our business plan and
continue to operate as a going concern.</font></div>
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Our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended
March 31, 2017, as well as the unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2017
included elsewhere in this Report, have been prepared assuming we
will continue to operate as a going concern, although we and our
auditors have indicated that our continuing losses and negative
cash flows from operations raise substantial doubt about our
ability to continue as such. Because we continue to experience net
operating losses, our ability to continue as a going concern is
subject to our ability to obtain necessary funding from outside
sources, including obtaining additional funding from the sale of
our securities or obtaining loans and grant awards from financial
institutions and/or government agencies where possible. Our
continued net operating losses increase the difficulty in
completing such sales or securing alternative sources of funding,
and there can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain such
funding on favorable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain
sufficient financing from the sale of our securities or from
alternative sources, we may be required to reduce, defer, or
discontinue certain or all of our research and development
activities or we may not be able to continue as a going
concern.</font></div>
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Since our inception, most of our resources have been dedicated to
research and development of AV-101 and the drug rescue capabilities
of our stem cell technology platform. In particular, we have
expended substantial resources advancing AV-101 through preclinical
development and Phase 1 clinical safety studies, and
developing </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CardioSafe</font><font style="color: #000000"> 3D and our cardiac stem cell technology for
drug rescue and potential regenerative medicine applications, and
we will continue to expend substantial resources for the
foreseeable future developing and commercializing AV-101 for
multiple CNS indications, and, potentially, developing drug rescue
NCEs and RM therapies, on our own or in collaborations similar to
the BlueRock Agreement. These expenditures will include costs
associated with general and administrative costs, facilities costs,
research and development, acquiring new technologies, manufacturing
product candidates, conducting nonclinical experiments and clinical
trials and obtaining regulatory approvals, as well as
commercializing any products approved for sale.</font></font></div>
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At September 30, 2017, our existing cash and cash equivalents were
not sufficient to fund our current operations for the next 12
months or to complete our proposed AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive
Treatment Study. Further, we have no current source of revenue to
sustain our present activities, and we do not expect to generate
revenue until, and unless, we (i) out-license or sell AV-101, a
drug rescue NCE, and/or another drug candidate unrelated to AV-101
to third-parties, (ii) enter into license arrangements involving
our stem cell technology, or (iii) obtain approval from the FDA or
other regulatory authorities and successfully commercialize, on our
own or through a future collaboration, one or more of our
compounds.</font></div>
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As the outcome of our AV-101 and NCE drug rescue activities and
future anticipated clinical trials is highly uncertain, we cannot
reasonably estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully
complete the development and commercialization of our product
candidates, on our own or in collaboration with others. In
addition, other unanticipated costs may arise. As a result of these
and other factors, we will need to seek additional capital in the
near term to meet our future operating requirements, including
capital necessary to develop, obtain regulatory approval for, and
to commercialize our product candidates, and may seek additional
capital in the event there exists favorable market conditions or
strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient
funds for our current or future operating plans. We are considering
a range of potential sources of funding, including public or
private equity or debt financings, government or other third-party
funding, marketing and distribution arrangements and other
collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements or a
combination of these approaches, and we may complete additional
financing arrangements in 2017 and beyond. Raising funds in the
current economic environment may present additional challenges.
Even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or
future operating plans, we may seek additional capital if market
conditions are favorable or if we have specific strategic
considerations.</font></div>
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Our future capital requirements depend on many factors,
including:</font></div>
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the number and characteristics of the product candidates we pursue,
including AV-101 and drug rescue NCEs;</font></div>
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the scope, progress, results and costs of researching and
developing our product candidates, and conducting preclinical and
clinical studies;</font></div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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the timing of, and the costs involved in, obtaining regulatory
approvals for our product candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the cost of commercialization activities if any of our product
candidates are approved for sale, including marketing, sales and
distribution costs;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the cost of manufacturing our product candidates and any products
we successfully commercialize;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our ability to establish and maintain strategic partnerships,
licensing or other arrangements and the financial terms of such
agreements;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
market acceptance of our products;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">● </font></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the effect of competing technological and market
developments;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our ability to obtain government funding for our
programs;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the costs involved in obtaining and enforcing patents to preserve
our intellectual property;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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the costs involved in defending against such claims that we
infringe third-party patents or violate other intellectual property
rights and the outcome of such litigation;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the timing, receipt and amount of potential future licensee fees,
milestone payments, and sales of, or royalties on, our future
products, if any; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the extent to which we acquire or invest in businesses, products
and technologies, although we currently have no commitments or
agreements relating to any of these types of
transactions.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Any additional fundraising efforts will divert certain members of
our management team from their day-to-day activities, which may
adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize our
product candidates. In addition, we cannot guarantee that future
financing will be available in sufficient amounts, in a timely
manner, or on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and the terms of
any financing may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of
our stockholders and the issuance of additional securities, whether
equity or debt, by us, or the possibility of such issuance, may
cause the market price of our shares to decline. The sale of
additional equity securities and the conversion or exchange of
certain of our outstanding securities will dilute all of our
stockholders. The incurrence of debt could result in increased
fixed payment obligations and we could be required to agree to
certain restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability
to incur additional debt, limitations on our ability to acquire,
sell or license intellectual property rights and other operating
restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our
business. We could also be required to seek funds through
arrangements with collaborative partners or otherwise at an earlier
stage than otherwise would be desirable and we may be required to
relinquish rights to some of our technologies or product candidate
or otherwise agree to terms unfavorable to us, any of which may
have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results
and prospects.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we are unable to obtain additional funding on a timely basis and
on acceptable terms, we may be required to significantly curtail,
delay or discontinue one or more of our research or product
development programs or the commercialization of any product
candidate or be unable to continue or expand our operations or
otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities, as desired,
which could materially affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">We have identified
material weaknesses in our internal control over financial
reporting, and our business and stock price may be adversely
affected if we do not adequately address those weaknesses or if we
have other material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our
internal control over financial reporting</font><font style="color: #000000">.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; background-color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over
financial reporting. In particular, we concluded that (i) the size
and capabilities of the Company’s staff does not permit
appropriate segregation of duties to prevent one individual from
overriding the internal control system by initiating, authorizing
and completing all transactions, and (ii) the Company utilizes
accounting software that does not prevent erroneous or unauthorized
changes to previous reporting periods and/or can be adjusted so as
to not provide an adequate auditing trail of entries made in the
accounting software.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000; background-color: #FFFFFF">
T</font><font style="color: #000000">he existence of one or more
material weaknesses or significant deficiencies could result in
errors in our financial statements, and substantial costs and
resources may be required to rectify any internal control
deficiencies. If we cannot produce reliable financial reports,
investors could lose confidence in our reported financial
information, we may be unable to obtain additional financing to
operate and expand our business and our business and financial
condition could be harmed.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Raising additional capital will cause substantial dilution to our
existing stockholders, may restrict our operations or require us to
relinquish rights, and may require us to seek stockholder approval
to authorize additional shares of our common stock.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We intend to pursue private and public equity offerings, debt
financings, strategic collaborations and licensing arrangements
during 2017 and beyond. To the extent that we raise additional
capital through the sale of common stock or securities convertible
or exchangeable into common stock, or to the extent, for strategic
purposes, we convert or exchange certain of our outstanding
securities into common stock, our current stockholders’
ownership interest in our company will be substantially diluted. In
addition, the terms of any such securities may include liquidation
or other preferences that materially adversely affect rights of our
stockholders. Debt financing, if available, would increase our
fixed payment obligations and may involve agreements that include
covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific
actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital
expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds
through collaboration, strategic partnerships and licensing
arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable
rights to our product candidates, our intellectual property, future
revenue streams or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable
to us.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Some of our programs have been partially supported by government
grant awards, which may not be available to us in the
future.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Since inception, we have received substantial funds under grant
award programs funded by state and federal governmental agencies,
such as the NIH, the NIH’s National Institute of Neurological
Disease and Stroke (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">NINDS</font><font style="color: #000000">) and the NIMH, and the California Institute for
Regenerative Medicine (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">CIRM</font><font style="color: #000000">). To fund a portion of our future research and
development programs, we may apply for additional grant funding
from such or similar governmental
organizations.  However, funding by these governmental
organizations may be significantly reduced or eliminated in the
future for a number of reasons. For example, some programs are
subject to a yearly appropriations process in Congress. In
addition, we may not receive funds under future grants because of
budgeting constraints of the agency administering the program.
Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will receive any future
grant funding from any government organization or
otherwise.  A restriction on the government funding
available to us could reduce the resources that we would be able to
devote to future research and development efforts. Such a reduction
could delay the introduction of new products and hurt our
competitive position.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
As of March 31, 2017, we had federal and state net operating
loss carryforwards of $77.1 million and $67.6 million,
respectively, which begin to expire in fiscal
2018.  Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Code</font><font style="color: #000000">) changes in our ownership may limit the amount of
our net operating loss carryforwards that could be utilized
annually to offset our future taxable income, if any. This
limitation would generally apply in the event of a cumulative
change in ownership of our company of more than 50% within a
three-year period. Any such limitation may significantly reduce our
ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and tax
credit carryforwards before they expire. Any such limitation,
whether as the result of future offerings, prior private
placements, sales of our common stock by our existing stockholders
or additional sales of our common stock by us in the future, could
have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in
future years. We have not completed a study to assess whether an
ownership change for purposes of Section 382 has occurred, or
whether there have been multiple ownership changes since our
inception, due to the significant costs and complexities associated
with such study.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
General Company-Related Risks</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we fail to attract and retain senior management and key
scientific personnel, we may be unable to successfully produce,
develop and commercialize AV-101, drug rescue NCEs, other potential
product candidates and other commercial applications of our stem
cell technology.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our success depends in part on our continued ability to attract,
retain and motivate highly qualified management and scientific and
technical personnel. We are highly dependent upon our Chief
Executive Officer, President and Chief Scientific Officer, Chief
Medical Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as well as other
employees, consultants and scientific collaborators. As of the date
of this Report, we have nine full-time employees, which may make us
more reliant on our individual employees than companies with a
greater number of employees. The loss of services of any of these
individuals could delay or prevent the successful development of
AV-101, drug rescue NCEs, other product candidates, and other
applications of our stem cell technology, including our production
and assessment of potential drug recuse NCEs or disrupt our
administrative functions.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we have not historically experienced unique difficulties
attracting and retaining qualified employees, we could experience
such problems in the future. For example, competition for qualified
personnel in the biotechnology and pharmaceuticals field is
intense. We will need to hire additional personnel as we expand our
research and development and administrative activities. We may not
be able to attract and retain quality personnel on acceptable
terms.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, we rely on a diverse range of strategic consultants
and advisors, including manufacturing, scientific and clinical
development, and regulatory advisors, to assist us in designing and
implementing our research and development and regulatory strategies
and plans, including our AV-101 development and drug rescue
strategies and plans. Our consultants and advisors may be employed
by employers other than us and may have commitments under
consulting or advisory contracts with other entities that may limit
their availability to us.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As we seek to advance development of AV-101 for MDD and other
CNS-related conditions, as well as stem cell technology-related
drug rescue and RM programs, we will need to expand our research
and development capabilities and/or contract with third parties to
provide these capabilities for us. As our operations expand, we
expect that we will need to manage additional relationships with
various strategic partners and other third parties. Future growth
will impose significant added responsibilities on members of
management. Our future financial performance and our ability to
develop and commercialize our product candidates and to compete
effectively will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any
future growth effectively. To that end, we must be able to manage
our research and development efforts effectively and hire, train
and integrate additional management, administrative and technical
personnel. The hiring, training and integration of new employees
may be more difficult, costly and/or time-consuming for us because
we have fewer resources than a larger organization. We may not be
able to accomplish these tasks, and our failure to accomplish any
of them could prevent us from successfully growing the
company.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If product liability lawsuits are brought against us, we may incur
substantial liabilities and may be required to limit
commercialization of our product candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we develop AV-101, drug rescue NCEs, other product candidates,
or regenerative medicine product candidates, either on our own
or in collaboration with others, we will face inherent risks of
product liability as a result of the required clinical testing of
such product candidates, and will face an even greater risk if we
or our collaborators commercialize any such product candidates. For
example, we may be sued if AV-101, any drug rescue NCE, other
product candidate, or regenerative medicine product candidate we
develop allegedly causes injury or is found to be otherwise
unsuitable during product testing, manufacturing, marketing or
sale. Any such product liability claims may include allegations of
defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of
dangers inherent in the product, negligence, strict liability, and
a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state
consumer protection acts. If we cannot successfully defend
ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur
substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization
of our product candidates. Even successful defense would require
significant financial and management resources. Regardless of the
merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result
in:</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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</font></div>
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decreased demand for products that we may develop;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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injury to our reputation;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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withdrawal of clinical trial participants;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
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costs to defend the related litigation;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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a diversion of management's time and our resources;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 47 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
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substantial monetary awards to trial participants or
patients;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
product recalls, withdrawals or labeling, marketing or promotional
restrictions;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our inability to obtain and retain sufficient product liability
insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential
product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the
commercialization of products we develop. Although we maintain
liability insurance, any claim that may be brought against us could
result in a court judgment or settlement in an amount that is not
covered, in whole or in part, by our insurance or that is in excess
of the limits of our insurance coverage. Our insurance policies
also have various exclusions, and we may be subject to a product
liability claim for which we have no coverage. We will have to pay
any amounts awarded by a court or negotiated in a settlement that
exceed our coverage limitations or that are not covered by our
insurance, and we may not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient
capital to pay such amounts.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As a public company, we incur significant administrative workload
and expenses to comply with U.S. regulations and requirements
imposed by The NASDAQ Stock Market concerning corporate governance
and public disclosure.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As a public company with common stock listed on The NASDAQ Capital
Market, we must comply with various laws, regulations and
requirements, including certain provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, as well as rules implemented by the SEC and The NASDAQ
Stock Market. Complying with these statutes, regulations and
requirements, including our public company reporting requirements,
continues to occupy a significant amount of the time of management
and involves significant accounting, legal and other expenses.
Furthermore, these laws, regulations and requirements require us to
observe greater corporate governance practices than we have
employed in the past, including, but not limited to maintaining a
sufficient number of independent directors, increased frequency of
board meetings, and holding annual stockholder meetings. Our
efforts to comply with these regulations are likely to result in
increased general and administrative expenses and management time
and attention directed to compliance activities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Unfavorable global economic or political conditions could adversely
affect our business, financial condition or results of
operations.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our results of operations could be adversely affected by global
political conditions, as well as general conditions in the global
economy and in the global financial and stock markets. Global
financial and political crises cause extreme volatility and
disruptions in the capital and credit markets. A severe or
prolonged economic downturn, such as the recent global financial
crisis, could result in a variety of risks to our business,
including, weakened demand for our product candidates and our
ability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable
terms, if at all. A weak or declining economy could also strain our
suppliers, possibly resulting in supply disruption, or cause our
customers to delay making payments for our services. Any of the
foregoing could harm our business and we cannot anticipate all of
the ways in which the current economic climate and financial market
conditions could adversely impact our business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We or the third parties upon whom we depend may be adversely
affected by natural disasters and our business continuity and
disaster recovery plans may not adequately protect us from a
serious disaster.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Natural disasters could severely disrupt our operations, and have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations,
financial condition and prospects. If a natural disaster, power
outage or other event occurred that prevented us from using all or
a significant portion of our headquarters, that damaged critical
infrastructure, such as the manufacturing facilities of our
third-party CMOs, or that otherwise disrupted operations, it may be
difficult or, in certain cases, impossible for us to continue our
business for a substantial period of time. The disaster recovery
and business continuity plans we have in place may prove inadequate
in the event of a serious disaster or similar event. We may incur
substantial expenses as a result of the limited nature of our
disaster recovery and business continuity plans, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our internal computer systems, or those of our third-party CROs or
other contractors or consultants, may fail or suffer security
breaches, which could result in a material disruption of our
product candidates’ development programs.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal
computer systems and those of our third-party CROs and other
contractors and consultants are vulnerable to damage from computer
viruses, unauthorized access, natural disasters, terrorism, war and
telecommunication and electrical failures. While we have not
experienced any such system failure, accident, or security breach
to date, if such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in
our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our
programs. For example, the loss of clinical trial data for AV-101
or other product candidates could result in delays in our
regulatory approval efforts and significantly increase our costs to
recover or reproduce the data. To the extent that any disruption or
security breach results in a loss of or damage to our data or
applications or other data or applications relating to our
technology or product candidates, or inappropriate disclosure of
confidential or proprietary information, we could incur liabilities
and the further development of our product candidates could be
delayed.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 48 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may acquire businesses or products, or form strategic alliances,
in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such
acquisitions.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may acquire additional businesses or products, form strategic
alliances or create joint ventures with third parties that we
believe will complement or augment our existing business. If we
acquire businesses with promising markets or technologies, we may
not be able to realize the benefit of acquiring such businesses if
we are unable to successfully integrate them with our existing
operations and company culture. We may encounter numerous
difficulties in developing, manufacturing and marketing any new
products resulting from a strategic alliance or acquisition that
delay or prevent us from realizing their expected benefits or
enhancing our business. We cannot assure you that, following any
such acquisition, we will achieve the expected synergies to justify
the transaction.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property Rights</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we are unable to adequately protect our proprietary technology,
or obtain and maintain issued patents that are sufficient to
protect our product candidates, others could compete against us
more directly, which would have a material adverse impact on our
business, results of operations, financial condition and
prospects.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We strive to protect and enhance the proprietary technologies that
we believe are important to our business, including seeking patents
intended to cover our products and compositions, their methods of
use and any other inventions we consider are important to the
development of our business. We also rely on trade secrets to
protect aspects of our business that are not amenable to, or that
we do not consider appropriate for, patent protection.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our success will depend significantly on our ability to obtain and
maintain patent and other proprietary protection for commercially
important technology, inventions and know-how related to our
business, to defend and enforce our patents, should they issue, to
preserve the confidentiality of our trade secrets and to operate
without infringing the valid and enforceable patents and
proprietary rights of third parties. We also rely on know-how,
continuing technological innovation and in-licensing opportunities
to develop, strengthen and maintain the proprietary position of our
product candidates. We own patent applications related to AV-101
and we own and have licensed patents and patent applications
related to human pluripotent stem cell technology.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we have an issued patent relating to AV-101 in the
European Union, we cannot yet provide any assurances that any of
our numerous pending U.S. and additional foreign patent
applications relating to AV-101 will mature into issued patents
and, if they do, that such patents will include claims with a scope
sufficient to protect AV-101 or otherwise provide any competitive
advantage. Moreover, other parties may have developed technologies
that may be related or competitive to our approach, and may have
filed or may file patent applications and may have received or may
receive patents that may overlap or conflict with our patent
applications, either by claiming the same methods or formulations
or by claiming subject matter that could dominate our patent
position. Such third-party patent positions may limit or even
eliminate our ability to obtain patent protection.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The patent positions of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies,
including our patent position, involve complex legal and factual
questions, and, therefore, the issuance, scope, validity and
enforceability of any additional patent claims that we may obtain
cannot be predicted with certainty. Patents, if issued, may be
challenged, deemed unenforceable, invalidated, or circumvented.
U.S. patents and patent applications may also be subject to
interference proceedings, </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">ex parte</font><font style="color: #000000"> reexamination, or </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">inter
partes</font><font style="color: #000000"> review proceedings,
supplemental examination and challenges in district court. Patents
may be subjected to opposition, post-grant review, or comparable
proceedings lodged in various foreign, both national and regional,
patent offices. These proceedings could result in either loss of
the patent or denial of the patent application or loss or reduction
in the scope of one or more of the claims of the patent or patent
application. In addition, such proceedings may be costly. Thus, any
patents that we may own or exclusively license may not provide any
protection against competitors. Furthermore, an adverse decision in
an interference proceeding can result in a third party receiving
the patent right sought by us, which in turn could affect our
ability to develop, market or otherwise commercialize our product
candidates.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Furthermore, though a patent is presumed valid and enforceable, its
issuance is not conclusive as to its validity or its enforceability
and it may not provide us with adequate proprietary protection or
competitive advantages against competitors with similar products.
Even if a patent issues and is held to be valid and enforceable,
competitors may be able to design around our patents, such as using
pre-existing or newly developed technology. Other parties may
develop and obtain patent protection for more effective
technologies, designs or methods. We may not be able to prevent the
unauthorized disclosure or use of our technical knowledge or trade
secrets by consultants, vendors, former employees and current
employees. The laws of some foreign countries do not protect our
proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United
States, and we may encounter significant problems in protecting our
proprietary rights in these countries. If these developments were
to occur, they could have a material adverse effect on our
sales.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our ability to enforce our patent rights depends on our ability to
detect infringement. It is difficult to detect infringers who do
not advertise the components that are used in their products.
Moreover, it may be difficult or impossible to obtain evidence of
infringement in a competitor’s or potential
competitor’s product. Any litigation to enforce or defend our
patent rights, even if we were to prevail, could be costly and
time-consuming and would divert the attention of our management and
key personnel from our business operations. We may not prevail in
any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies
awarded if we were to prevail may not be commercially
meaningful.</font></div>
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<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, proceedings to enforce or defend our patents could put
our patents at risk of being invalidated, held unenforceable, or
interpreted narrowly. Such proceedings could also provoke third
parties to assert claims against us, including that some or all of
the claims in one or more of our patents are invalid or otherwise
unenforceable. If any patents covering our product candidates are
invalidated or found unenforceable, our financial position and
results of operations would be materially and adversely impacted.
In addition, if a court found that valid, enforceable patents held
by third parties covered our product candidates, our financial
position and results of operations would also be materially and
adversely impacted.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The degree of future protection for our proprietary rights is
uncertain, and we cannot ensure that:</font></div>
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 </font></div>
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<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
any of our AV-101 or other pending patent applications, if issued,
will include claims having a scope sufficient to protect AV-101 or
any other products or product candidates, particularly considering
that the compound patent to AV-101 has expired;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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any of our pending patent applications will issue as patents at
all;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we will be able to successfully commercialize our product
candidates, if approved, before our relevant patents
expire;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we were the first to make the inventions covered by each of our
patents and pending patent applications;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we were the first to file patent applications for these
inventions;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">others
will not develop similar or alternative technologies that do not
infringe our patents;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
others will not use pre-existing technology to effectively compete
against us;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
any of our patents, if issued, will be found to ultimately be valid
and enforceable;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
any patents issued to us will provide a basis for an exclusive
market for our commercially viable products, will provide us with
any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third
parties;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
we will develop additional proprietary technologies or product
candidates that are separately patentable; or</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
that our commercial activities or products will not infringe upon
the patents or proprietary rights of others.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We also rely upon unpatented trade secrets, unpatented know-how and
continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our
competitive position, which we seek to protect, in part, by
confidentiality agreements with our employees and our collaborators
and consultants. It is possible that technology relevant to our
business will be independently developed by a person that is not a
party to such an agreement.  Furthermore, if the
employees and consultants who are parties to these agreements
breach or violate the terms of these agreements, we may not have
adequate remedies for any such breach or violation, and we could
lose our trade secrets through such breaches or violations.
Further, our trade secrets could otherwise become known or be
independently discovered by our competitors.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which
may prevent or delay our product development efforts and stop us
from commercializing or increase the costs of commercializing our
product candidates, if approved.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our success will depend in part on our ability to operate without
infringing the intellectual property and proprietary rights of
third parties. We cannot assure you that our business, products and
methods do not or will not infringe the patents or other
intellectual property rights of third parties.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by extensive
litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property
rights. Other parties may allege that our product candidates or the
use of our technologies infringes patent claims or other
intellectual property rights held by them or that we are employing
their proprietary technology without authorization. As we continue
to develop and, if approved, commercialize our current product
candidates and future product candidates, competitors may claim
that our technology infringes their intellectual property rights as
part of business strategies designed to impede our successful
commercialization. There may be third-party patents or patent
applications with claims to materials, formulations, methods of
manufacture or methods for treatment related to the use or
manufacture of our product candidates. Because patent applications
can take many years to issue, third parties may have currently
pending patent applications that may later result in issued patents
that our product candidates may infringe, or which such third
parties claim are infringed by our technologies. The outcome of
intellectual property litigation is subject to uncertainties that
cannot be adequately quantified in advance. The coverage of patents
is subject to interpretation by the courts, and the interpretation
is not always uniform. If we are sued for patent infringement, we
would need to demonstrate that our product candidates, products or
methods either do not infringe the patent claims of the relevant
patent or that the patent claims are invalid, and we may not be
able to do this. Even if we are successful in these proceedings, we
may incur substantial costs and the time and attention of our
management and scientific personnel could be diverted in pursuing
these proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on
us. In addition, we may not have sufficient resources to bring
these actions to a successful conclusion.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Patent and other types of intellectual property litigation can
involve complex factual and legal questions, and their outcome is
uncertain. Any claim relating to intellectual property infringement
that is successfully asserted against us may require us to pay
substantial damages, including treble damages and attorney’s
fees if we are found to be willfully infringing another
party’s patents, for past use of the asserted intellectual
property and royalties and other consideration going forward if we
are forced to take a license. In addition, if any such claim was
successfully asserted against us and we could not obtain such a
license, we may be forced to stop or delay developing,
manufacturing, selling or otherwise commercializing our product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur
substantial costs and divert management time and attention in
pursuing these proceedings, which could have a material adverse
effect on us. If we are unable to avoid infringing the patent
rights of others, we may be required to seek a license, defend an
infringement action or challenge the validity of the patents in
court, or redesign our products. Patent litigation is costly and
time-consuming. We may not have sufficient resources to bring these
actions to a successful conclusion. In addition, intellectual
property litigation or claims could force us to do one or more of
the following:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
cease developing, selling or otherwise commercializing our product
candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
pay substantial damages for past use of the asserted intellectual
property;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
obtain a license from the holder of the asserted intellectual
property, which license may not be available on reasonable terms,
if at all; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
in the case of trademark claims, redesign, or rename, some or all
of our product candidates to avoid infringing the intellectual
property rights of third parties, which may not be possible and,
even if possible, could be costly and time-consuming.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Any of these risks coming to fruition could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition
and prospects.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship or
ownership of our patents and other intellectual
property.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We enter into confidentiality and intellectual property assignment
agreements with our employees, consultants, outside scientific
collaborators, sponsored researchers and other advisors. These
agreements generally provide that inventions conceived by the party
in the course of rendering services to us will be our exclusive
property. However, these agreements may not be honored and may not
effectively assign intellectual property rights to us. For example,
even if we have a consulting agreement in place with an academic
advisor pursuant to which such academic advisor is required to
assign any inventions developed in connection with providing
services to us, such academic advisor may not have the right to
assign such inventions to us, as it may conflict with his or her
obligations to assign all such intellectual property to his or her
employing institution.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
  </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other
claims challenging inventorship or ownership. If we fail in
defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages,
we may lose valuable intellectual property rights, such as
exclusive ownership of, or right to use, valuable intellectual
property. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on
our business. Even if we are successful in defending against such
claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a
distraction to management and other employees.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on
compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee
payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent
agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated
for non-compliance with these requirements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">USPTO</font><font style="color: #000000">), European Patent Office (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">EPO</font><font style="color: #000000">) and various other foreign governmental patent
agencies require compliance with a number of procedural,
documentary, fee payment and other provisions during the patent
process. There are situations in which noncompliance can result in
abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application, resulting
in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant
jurisdiction. In such an event, competitors might be able to enter
the market earlier than would otherwise have been the
case.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<font style="color: #000000">Third parties may initiate legal
proceedings against us alleging that we infringe their intellectual
property rights or we may initiate legal proceedings against third
parties to challenge the validity or scope of intellectual property
rights controlled by third parties, the outcome of which would be
uncertain and could have a material adverse effect on the success
of our business.</font> <font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman">Any lawsuit we are
engaged in to protect or enforce our patents or the patents of our
licensors could be expensive, time-consuming and
unsuccessful.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Even if the patent applications we own or license are issued,
competitors may infringe these patents. To counter infringement or
unauthorized use, we may be required to file infringement claims,
which can be expensive and time-consuming. In addition, in an
infringement proceeding, a court may decide that a patent of ours
or our licensors is not valid, is unenforceable and/or is not
infringed, or may refuse to stop the other party from using the
technology at issue on the grounds that our patents do not cover
the technology in question. An adverse result in any litigation or
defense proceedings could put one or more of our patents at risk of
being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and could put our patent
applications at risk of not issuing.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 51 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"></font>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">Further, third parties may initiate legal
proceedings against us or our licensors or collaborators alleging
that we or our licensors or collaborators infringe their
intellectual property rights or we or our licensors or
collaborators may initiate legal proceedings against third parties
to challenge the validity or scope of intellectual property rights
controlled by third parties, including in oppositions,
interferences, reexaminations, inter partes reviews or derivation
proceedings before the United States or other jurisdictions. These
proceedings can be expensive and time-consuming and many of our or
our licensors’ or collaborators’ adversaries in these
proceedings may have the ability to dedicate substantially greater
resources to prosecuting these legal actions than we or our
licensors or collaborators can.</font> <font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman">Our defense of
litigation or interference proceedings may fail and, even if
successful, may result in substantial costs and distract our
management and other employees. We may not be able to prevent,
alone or with our licensors, misappropriation of our intellectual
property rights, particularly in countries where the laws may not
protect those rights as fully as in the United States or European
Union.</font></font> </font><br></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
An unfavorable outcome could require us or our licensors or
collaborators to cease using the related technology or developing
or commercializing our product candidates, or to attempt to license
rights to it from the prevailing party. Our business could be
harmed if the prevailing party does not offer us or our licensors
or collaborators a license on commercially reasonable terms or at
all. Even if we or our licensors or collaborators obtain a license,
it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving our competitors access to
the same technologies licensed to us or our licensors or
collaborators. In addition, we could be found liable for monetary
damages, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we
are found to have willfully infringed a patent. A finding of
infringement could prevent us from commercializing our product
candidates or force us to cease some of our business operations,
which could materially harm our business.</font><br></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery
required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there
is a risk that some of our confidential information could be
compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. There
could also be public announcements of the results of hearings,
motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities
analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it
could have a material adverse effect on the price of our common
stock.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Issued patents covering our product candidates could be found
invalid or unenforceable if challenged in court.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we or one of our licensing partners initiated legal proceedings
against a third party to enforce a patent, if and when issued,
covering one of our product candidates, the defendant could
counterclaim that the patent covering our product candidate is
invalid and/or unenforceable. In patent litigation in the United
States, defendant counterclaims alleging invalidity and/or
unenforceability are commonplace. Grounds for a validity challenge
include alleged failures to meet any of several statutory
requirements, including lack of novelty, obviousness or
non-enablement. Grounds for unenforceability assertions include
allegations that someone connected with prosecution of the patent
withheld relevant information from the USPTO or EPO, or made a
misleading statement, during prosecution. Third parties may also
raise similar claims before administrative bodies in the United
States or abroad, even outside the context of litigation. Such
mechanisms include re-examination, post grant review and equivalent
proceedings in foreign jurisdictions, e.g., opposition proceedings.
Such proceedings could result in revocation or amendment of our
patents in such a way that they no longer cover our product
candidates or competitive products. The outcome following legal
assertions of invalidity and unenforceability is unpredictable.
With respect to validity, for example, we cannot be certain that
there is no invalidating prior art, of which we and the patent
examiner were unaware during prosecution. If a defendant were to
prevail on a legal assertion of invalidity and/or unenforceability,
we would lose at least part, and perhaps all, of the patent
protection on our product candidates. Such a loss of patent
protection would have a material adverse impact on our
business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We will not seek to protect our intellectual property rights in all
jurisdictions throughout the world and we may not be able to
adequately enforce our intellectual property rights even in the
jurisdictions where we seek protection.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Filing, prosecuting and defending patents on product candidates in
all countries and jurisdictions throughout the world is
prohibitively expensive, and our intellectual property rights in
some countries outside the United States could be less extensive
than those in the United States, assuming that rights are obtained
in the United States. In addition, the laws of some foreign
countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same
extent as federal and state laws in the United States.
Consequently, we may not be able to prevent third parties from
practicing our inventions in all countries outside the United
States, or from selling or importing products made using our
inventions in and into the United States or other jurisdictions.
The statutory deadlines for pursuing patent protection in
individual foreign jurisdictions are based on the priority date of
each of our patent applications. For the patent applications
relating to AV-101, as well as for many of the patent families that
we own or license, the relevant statutory deadlines have not yet
expired. Thus, for each of the patent families that we believe
provide coverage for our lead product candidates or technologies,
we will need to decide whether and where to pursue protection
outside the United States.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions where we do
not pursue and obtain patent protection to develop their own
products and further, may export otherwise infringing products to
territories where we have patent protection, but enforcement is not
as strong as that in the United States. These products may compete
with our products and our patents or other intellectual property
rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent them from
competing. Even if we pursue and obtain issued patents in
particular jurisdictions, our patent claims or other intellectual
property rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent third
parties from so competing.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 52 -</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual
property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United
States. Many companies have encountered significant problems in
protecting and defending intellectual property rights in certain
foreign jurisdictions. The legal systems of some countries,
particularly developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of
patents and other intellectual property protection, especially
those relating to biotechnology. This could make it difficult for
us to stop the infringement of our patents, if obtained, or the
misappropriation of our other intellectual property rights. For
example, many foreign countries have compulsory licensing laws
under which a patent owner must grant licenses to third parties. In
addition, many countries limit the enforceability of patents
against third parties, including government agencies or government
contractors. In these countries, patents may provide limited or no
benefit. Patent protection must ultimately be sought on a
country-by-country basis, which is an expensive and time-consuming
process with uncertain outcomes. Accordingly, we may choose not to
seek patent protection in certain countries, and we will not have
the benefit of patent protection in such countries.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
An unfavorable outcome could require us or our licensors or
collaborators to cease using the related technology or developing
or commercializing our product candidates, or to attempt to license
rights to it from the prevailing party. Our business could be
harmed if the prevailing party does not offer us or our licensors
or collaborators a license on commercially reasonable terms or at
all. Even if we or our licensors or collaborators obtain a license,
it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving our competitors access to
the same technologies licensed to us or our licensors or
collaborators. In addition, we could be found liable for monetary
damages, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we
are found to have willfully infringed a patent. A finding of
infringement could prevent us from commercializing our product
candidates or force us to cease some of our business operations,
which could materially harm our business.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery
required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there
is a risk that some of our confidential information could be
compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. There
could also be public announcements of the results of hearings,
motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities
analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it
could have a material adverse effect on the price of our common
stock.</font></font></div>
  <font> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Furthermore, proceedings to enforce our patent rights in foreign
jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our
efforts and attention from other aspects of our business, could put
our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly,
could put our patent applications at risk of not issuing and could
provoke third parties to assert claims against us. We may not
prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other
remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful.
Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property
rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant
commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop
or license.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We are dependent, in part, on licensed intellectual property. If we
were to lose our rights to licensed intellectual property, we may
not be able to continue developing or commercializing our product
candidates, if approved. If we breach any of the agreements under
which we license the use, development and commercialization rights
to our product candidates or technology from third parties or, in
certain cases, we fail to meet certain development or payment
deadlines, we could lose license rights that are important to our
business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
We are a party to a number of license agreements under which we are
granted rights to intellectual property that are or could become
important to our business, and we expect that we may need to enter
into additional license agreements in the future. Our existing
license agreements impose, and we expect that future license
agreements will impose on us, various development, regulatory
and/or commercial diligence obligations, payment of fees,
milestones and/or royalties and other obligations. If we fail to
comply with our obligations under these agreements, or we are
subject to a bankruptcy, the licensor may have the right to
terminate the license, in which event we would not be able to
develop or market products, which could be covered by the license.
Our business could suffer, for example, if any current or future
licenses terminate, if the licensors fail to abide by the terms of
the license, if the licensed patents or other rights are found to
be invalid or unenforceable, or if we are unable to enter into
necessary licenses on acceptable terms. See
“</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Business —Intellectual
Property</font><font style="color: #000000">” herein for a
description of our license agreements, which includes a description
of the termination provisions of these
agreements.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As we have done previously, we may need to obtain licenses from
third parties to advance our research or allow commercialization of
our product candidates, and we cannot provide any assurances that
third-party patents do not exist that might be enforced against our
current product candidates or future products in the absence of
such a license. We may fail to obtain any of these licenses on
commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Even if we are able to
obtain a license, it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving our
competitors access to the same technologies licensed to us. In that
event, we may be required to expend significant time and resources
to develop or license replacement technology. If we are unable to
do so, we may be unable to develop or commercialize the affected
product candidates, which could materially harm our business and
the third parties owning such intellectual property rights could
seek either an injunction prohibiting our sales, or, with respect
to our sales, an obligation on our part to pay royalties and/or
other forms of compensation.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Licensing of intellectual property is of critical importance to our
business and involves complex legal, business and scientific
issues. Disputes may arise between us and our licensors regarding
intellectual property subject to a license agreement,
including:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the scope of rights granted under the license agreement and other
interpretation-related issues;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
whether and the extent to which our technology and processes
infringe on intellectual property of the licensor that is not
subject to the licensing agreement;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our right to sublicense patent and other rights to third parties
under collaborative development relationships;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
our diligence obligations with respect to the use of the licensed
technology in relation to our development and commercialization of
our product candidates, and what activities satisfy those diligence
obligations; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
<div style="display: table-row;">
<div style="text-align: right; display: table-cell; width: 4px; padding-right: 8px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">●</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
the ownership of inventions and know-how resulting from the joint
creation or use of intellectual property by our licensors and us
and our partners.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If disputes over intellectual property that we have licensed
prevent or impair our ability to maintain our current licensing
arrangements on acceptable terms, we may be unable to successfully
develop and commercialize the affected product
candidates.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have entered into several licenses to support our various stem
cell technology-related programs. We may enter into additional
license(s) to third-party intellectual property that are necessary
or useful to our business. Our current licenses and any future
licenses that we may enter into impose various royalty payments,
milestone, and other obligations on us. For example, the licensor
may retain control over patent prosecution and maintenance under a
license agreement, in which case, we may not be able to adequately
influence patent prosecution or prevent inadvertent lapses of
coverage due to failure to pay maintenance fees. If we fail to
comply with any of our obligations under a current or future
license agreement, our licensor(s) may allege that we have breached
our license agreement and may accordingly seek to terminate our
license with them. In addition, future licensor(s) may decide to
terminate our license at will. Termination of any of our current or
future licenses could result in our loss of the right to use the
licensed intellectual property, which could materially adversely
affect our ability to develop and commercialize a product candidate
or product, if approved, as well as harm our competitive business
position and our business prospects.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, if our licensors fail to abide by the terms of the
license, if the licensors fail to prevent infringement by third
parties, if the licensed patents or other rights are found to be
invalid or unenforceable, or if we are unable to enter into
necessary licenses on acceptable terms our business could
suffer.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Some intellectual property which we have licensed may have been
discovered through government funded programs and thus may be
subject to federal regulations such as “march-in”
rights, certain reporting requirements, and a preference for U.S.
industry. Compliance with such regulations may limit our exclusive
rights, subject us to expenditure of resources with respect to
reporting requirements, and limit our ability to contract with
non-U.S. manufacturers.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Some of the intellectual property rights we have licensed or
license in the future may have been generated through the use of
U.S. government funding and may therefore be subject to certain
federal regulations. As a result, the U.S. government may have
certain rights to intellectual property embodied in our current or
future product candidates pursuant to the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980
(</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Bayh-Dole
Act</font><font style="color: #000000">). These U.S. government
rights in certain inventions developed under a government-funded
program include a non-exclusive, non-transferable, irrevocable
worldwide license to use inventions for any governmental purpose.
In addition, the U.S. government has the right to require us to
grant exclusive, partially exclusive, or non-exclusive licenses to
any of these inventions to a third party if it determines that:
(i) adequate steps have not been taken to commercialize the
invention; (ii) government action is necessary to meet public
health or safety needs; or (iii) government action is
necessary to meet requirements for public use under federal
regulations (also referred to as “march-in rights”).
The U.S. government also has the right to take title to these
inventions if we fail, or the applicable licensor fails, to
disclose the invention to the government and fail to file an
application to register the intellectual property within specified
time limits. In addition, the U.S. government may acquire title to
these inventions in any country in which a patent application is
not filed within specified time limits. Intellectual property
generated under a government funded program is also subject to
certain reporting requirements, compliance with which may require
us, or the applicable licensor, to expend substantial resources. In
addition, the U.S. government requires that any products embodying
the subject invention or produced through the use of the subject
invention be manufactured substantially in the U.S. The
manufacturing preference requirement can be waived if the owner of
the intellectual property can show that reasonable but unsuccessful
efforts have been made to grant licenses on similar terms to
potential licensees that would be likely to manufacture
substantially in the U.S. or that under the circumstances domestic
manufacture is not commercially feasible. This preference for U.S.
manufacturers may limit our ability to contract with non-U.S.
product manufacturers for products covered by such intellectual
property.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In the event we apply for additional U.S. government funding, and
we discover compounds or drug candidates as a result of such
funding, intellectual property rights to such discoveries may be
subject to the applicable provisions of the Bayh-Dole
Act.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If we do not obtain additional protection under the Hatch-Waxman
Amendments and similar foreign legislation by extending the patent
terms and obtaining data exclusivity for our product candidates,
our business may be materially harmed.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Depending upon the timing, duration and specifics of FDA marketing
approval of our product candidates, one or more of the U.S. patents
we own or license may be eligible for limited patent term
restoration under the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term
Restoration Act of 1984, referred to as the Hatch-Waxman
Amendments. The Hatch-Waxman Amendments permit a patent restoration
term of up to five years as compensation for patent term lost
during product development and the FDA regulatory review process.
However, we may not be granted an extension because of, for
example, failing to apply within applicable deadlines, failing to
apply prior to expiration of relevant patents or otherwise failing
to satisfy applicable requirements. For example, we may not be
granted an extension if the active ingredient of AV-101 is used in
another drug company’s product candidate and that product
candidate is the first to obtain FDA approval. Moreover, the
applicable time period or the scope of patent protection afforded
could be less than we request. If we are unable to obtain patent
term extension or restoration or the term of any such extension is
less than we request, our competitors may obtain approval of
competing products following our patent expiration, and our ability
to generate revenues could be materially adversely
affected.</font></div>
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Changes in U.S. patent law could diminish the value of patents in
general, thereby impairing our ability to protect our
products.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
As is the case with other biotechnology companies, our success is
heavily dependent on intellectual property, particularly patents.
Obtaining and enforcing patents in the biotechnology industry
involve both technological and legal complexity, and is therefore
costly, time-consuming and inherently uncertain. In addition, the
United States has recently enacted and is currently implementing
wide-ranging patent reform legislation: the Leahy-Smith America
Invents Act, referred to as the America Invents Act. The America
Invents Act includes a number of significant changes to U.S. patent
law. These include provisions that affect the way patent
applications will be prosecuted and may also affect patent
litigation. It is not yet clear what, if any, impact the America
Invents Act will have on the operation of our business. However,
the America Invents Act and its implementation could increase the
uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent
applications and the enforcement or defense of any patents that may
issue from our patent applications, all of which could have a
material adverse effect on our business and financial
condition.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In addition, recent U.S. Supreme Court rulings have narrowed the
scope of patent protection available in certain circumstances and
weakened the rights of patent owners in certain situations. The
full impact of these decisions is not yet known. For example, on
March 20, 2012 in Mayo Collaborative Services, DBA Mayo
Medical Laboratories, et al. v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc., the
Court held that several claims drawn to measuring drug metabolite
levels from patient samples and correlating them to drug doses were
not patentable subject matter. The decision appears to impact
diagnostics patents that merely apply a law of nature via a series
of routine steps and it has created uncertainty around the ability
to obtain patent protection for certain inventions. Additionally,
on June 13, 2013 in Association for Molecular Pathology v.
Myriad Genetics, Inc., the Court held that claims to isolated
genomic DNA are not patentable, but claims to complementary DNA
molecules are patent eligible because they are not a natural
product. The effect of the decision on patents for other isolated
natural products is uncertain. Additionally, on March 4, 2014,
the USPTO issued a memorandum to patent examiners providing
guidance for examining claims that recite laws of nature, natural
phenomena or natural products under the Myriad and Prometheus
decisions. This guidance did not limit the application of Myriad to
DNA but, rather, applied the decision to other natural products.
Further, in 2015, in Ariosa Diagnostics, Inc. v. Sequenom, Inc.,
the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit held that methods for
detecting fetal genetic defects were not patent eligible subject
matter.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition to increasing uncertainty with regard to our ability to
obtain future patents, this combination of events has created
uncertainty with respect to the value of patents, once obtained.
Depending on these and other decisions by the U.S. Congress, the
federal courts and the USPTO, the laws and regulations governing
patents could change in unpredictable ways that would weaken our
ability to obtain new patents or to enforce any patents that may
issue in the future.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we or our
employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets
of their former employers.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Certain of our current employees have been, and certain of our
future employees may have been, previously employed at other
biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our
competitors or potential competitors. We also engage advisors and
consultants who are concurrently employed at universities or who
perform services for other entities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Although we are not aware of any claims currently pending or
threatened against us, we may be subject to claims that we or our
employees, advisors or consultants have inadvertently or otherwise
used or disclosed intellectual property, including trade secrets or
other proprietary information, of a former employer or other third
party. We have and may in the future also be subject to claims that
an employee, advisor or consultant performed work for us that
conflicts with that person’s obligations to a third party,
such as an employer, and thus, that the third party has an
ownership interest in the intellectual property arising out of work
performed for us. Litigation may be necessary to defend against
these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these
claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a
distraction to management. If we fail in defending such claims, in
addition to paying monetary claims, we may lose valuable
intellectual property rights or personnel. A loss of key personnel
or their work product could hamper or prevent our ability to
commercialize our product candidates, which would materially
adversely affect our commercial development efforts.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Numerous factors may limit any potential competitive advantage
provided by our intellectual property rights.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The degree of future protection afforded by our intellectual
property rights is uncertain because intellectual property rights
have limitations, and may not adequately protect our business,
provide a barrier to entry against our competitors or potential
competitors, or permit us to maintain our competitive advantage.
Moreover, if a third party has intellectual property rights that
cover the practice of our technology, we may not be able to fully
exercise or extract value from our intellectual property rights.
The following examples are illustrative:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"></font> <font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
others may be able to develop and/or practice technology that is
similar to our technology or aspects of our technology but that is
not covered by the claims of patents, should such patents issue
from our patent applications;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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we might not have been the first to make the inventions covered by
a pending patent application that we own;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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</font></div>
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we might not have been the first to file patent applications
covering an invention;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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others may independently develop similar or alternative
technologies without infringing our intellectual property
rights;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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pending patent applications that we own or license may not lead to
issued patents;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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patents, if issued, that we own or license may not provide us with
any competitive advantages, or may be held invalid or
unenforceable, as a result of legal challenges by our
competitors;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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third parties may compete with us in jurisdictions where we do not
pursue and obtain patent protection;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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we may not be able to obtain and/or maintain necessary or useful
licenses on reasonable terms or at all; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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the patents of others may have an adverse effect on our
business.</font></div>
</div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Should any of these events occur, they could significantly harm our
business and results of operations.</font></div>
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<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If, instead of identifying drug rescue candidates based on
information available to us in the public domain, we seek to
in-license drug rescue candidates from biotechnology, medicinal
chemistry and pharmaceutical companies, academic, governmental and
nonprofit research institutions, including the NIH, or other
third-parties, there can be no assurances that we will obtain
material ownership or economic participation rights over
intellectual property we may derive from such licenses or similar
rights to the drug rescue NCEs we may produce and develop. If we
are unable to obtain ownership or substantial economic
participation rights over intellectual property related to drug
rescue NCEs we produce and develop, our business may be adversely
affected.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Risks Related to our Securities</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The limited public market for our securities may adversely affect
an investor’s ability to liquidate an investment in the
Company.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our common stock is currently quoted on the NASDAQ Capital Market
and there is presently limited trading activity.  We can
give no assurance that an active market will develop, or if
developed, that it will be sustained.  If an investor
acquires shares of our common stock, the investor may not be able
to liquidate the shares should there be a need or desire to do
so.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Market volatility may affect our stock price and the value of your
investment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The market price for our common stock, similar to other
biopharmaceutical companies, is likely to be highly volatile. The
market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in
response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot control,
including, among others:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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plans for, progress of or results from non-clinical and clinical
development activities related to our product
candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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</font></div>
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the failure of the FDA to approve our product
candidates;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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announcements of new products, technologies, commercial
relationships, acquisitions or other events by us or our
competitors;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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</font></div>
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the success or failure of other CNS therapies;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
regulatory or legal developments in the United States and other
countries;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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failure of our product candidates, if approved, to achieve
commercial success;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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fluctuations in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar
companies;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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general market conditions and overall fluctuations in U.S. equity
markets;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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variations in our quarterly operating results;</font></div>
</div>
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changes in our financial guidance or securities analysts’
estimates of our financial performance;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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changes in accounting principles;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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</font></div>
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our ability to raise additional capital and the terms on which we
can raise it;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="display: table;">
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sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our
executive officers, directors and significant
stockholders;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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additions or departures of key personnel;</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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discussion of us or our stock price by the press and by online
investor communities; and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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</font></div>
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other risks and uncertainties described in these risk
factors.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Future sales and issuances of our common stock may cause our stock
price to decline.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Sales or issuances of a substantial number of shares of our common
stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales or
issuances are occurring or might occur, could significantly reduce
the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to
raise adequate capital through the sale of additional equity
securities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The stock market in general, and small biopharmaceutical companies
like ours in particular, have frequently experienced significant
volatility in the market prices for securities that often has been
unrelated to the operating performance of the underlying companies.
These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect
the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual
operating performance. In certain recent situations in which the
market price of a stock has been volatile, holders of that stock
have instituted securities class action litigation against such
company that issued the stock. If any of our stockholders were to
bring a lawsuit against us, the defense and disposition of the
lawsuit could be costly and divert the time and attention of our
management and harm our operating results. Additionally, if the
trading volume of our common stock remains low and limited there
will be an increased level of volatility and you may not be able to
generate a return on your investment.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
A significant portion of our total outstanding shares are
restricted from immediate resale but may be sold into the market in
the near future. Future sales of shares by existing stockholders
could cause our stock price to decline, even if our business is
doing well.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the
public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the
perception in the market that the holders of a large number of
shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our
common stock. Historically, there has been a limited public market
for shares of our common stock. Future sales and issuances of a
substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public
market, including shares issued upon the conversion of our Series A
Preferred, Series B Preferred or Series C Preferred, and the
exercise of outstanding options and warrants for common stock which
are issuable upon exercise, in the public market, or the perception
that these sales and issuances are occurring or might occur, could
significantly reduce the market price for our common stock and
impair our ability to raise adequate capital through the sale of
equity securities.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
   </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Our principal institutional stockholders may continue to have
substantial control over us and could limit your ability to
influence the outcome of key transactions, including changes in
control.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Certain of our current institutional stockholders own a substantial
portion of our outstanding capital stock, including our common
stock, Series A Preferred, Series B Preferred, and Series C
Preferred, all of which preferred stock is convertible into a
substantial number of shares of common
stock.  Accordingly, institutional stockholders may exert
significant influence over us and over the outcome of any corporate
actions requiring approval of holders of our common stock,
including the election of directors and amendments to our
organizational documents, such as increases in our authorized
shares of common stock, any merger, consolidation or sale of all or
substantially all of our assets or any other significant corporate
transactions. These stockholders may also delay or prevent a change
of control of us, even if such a change of control would benefit
our other stockholders. The significant concentration of stock
ownership may adversely affect the trading price of our common
stock due to investors’ perception that conflicts of interest
may exist or arise. Furthermore, the interests of our principal
institutional stockholders may not always coincide with your
interests or the interests of other stockholders may act in a
manner that advances its best interests and not necessarily those
of other stockholders, including seeking a premium value for its
common stock, which might affect the prevailing market price for
our common stock.</font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
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<div id="hdr">
<div id="glhdr" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px"><a href="#tableof"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic">
Table of Contents</font></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
If equity research analysts do not publish research or reports
about our business or if they issue unfavorable commentary or
downgrade our common stock, the price of our common stock could
decline.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The trading market for our common stock relies in part on the
research and reports that equity research analysts publish about us
and our business. We do not control these analysts. The price of
our common stock could decline if one or more equity research
analysts downgrade our common stock or if such analysts issue other
unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our
business.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
There may be additional issuances of shares of preferred stock in
the future.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Our Restated Articles of Incorporation
(the </font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Articles</font><font style="color: #000000">)
permit us to issue up to 10.0 million shares of preferred
stock.  Our Board has authorized the issuance of (i)
500,000 shares of Series A Preferred, all of which shares are
issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017; (ii) 4.0 million
shares of Series B 10% Convertible Preferred stock, of which
approximately 1.2 million shares remain issued and outstanding at
September 30, 2017; and (iii) 3.0 million shares of Series C
Convertible Preferred Stock, of which approximately 2.3 million
shares are issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017. Our Board
could authorize the issuance of additional series of preferred
stock in the future and such preferred stock could grant holders
preferred rights to our assets upon liquidation, the right to
receive dividends before dividends would be declared to holders of
our common stock, and the right to the redemption of such shares,
possibly together with a premium, prior to the redemption of the
common stock. In the event and to the extent that we do issue
additional preferred stock in the future, the rights of holders of
our common stock could be impaired thereby, including without
limitation, with respect to liquidation.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock and,
consequently, our stockholders’ ability to achieve a return
on their investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our
common stock.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our common
stock and do not currently intend to do so in the foreseeable
future. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings
for the development, operation and expansion of our business and do
not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future. Therefore, the success of an investment in
shares of our common stock will depend upon any future appreciation
in their value. There is no guarantee that shares of our common
stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which
our stockholders purchased them.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
We incur significant costs to ensure compliance with corporate
governance, federal securities law and accounting
requirements.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
Since becoming a public company by means of a reverse merger in
2011, we have been subject to the reporting requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (</font><font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Exchange
Act</font><font style="color: #000000">), which requires that we
file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our
business and financial condition, and the rules and regulations
implemented by the SEC, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the
Dodd-Frank Act, and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board,
each of which imposes additional reporting and other obligations on
public companies.  We have incurred and will continue to
incur significant costs to comply with these public company
reporting requirements, including accounting and related audit
costs, legal costs to comply with corporate governance requirements
and other costs of operating as a public company. These legal and
financial compliance costs will continue to require us to divert a
significant amount of money that we could otherwise use to achieve
our research and development and other strategic
objectives.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
The filing and internal control reporting requirements imposed by
federal securities laws, rules and regulations on companies that
are not “smaller reporting companies” under federal
securities laws are rigorous and, once we are no longer a smaller
reporting company, we may not be able to meet them, resulting in a
possible decline in the price of our common stock and our inability
to obtain future financing. Certain of these requirements may
require us to carry out activities we have not done previously and
complying with such requirements may divert management’s
attention from other business concerns, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows. Any failure to adequately comply with
applicable federal securities laws, rules or regulations could
subject us to fines or regulatory actions, which may materially
adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial
condition.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to
corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty
for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance
costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws,
regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations,
in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result,
their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance
is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result
in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher
costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and
governance practices. We will continue to invest resources to
comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, however this
investment may result in increased general and administrative
expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention
from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our
efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ
from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due
to ambiguities related to their application and practice,
regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us
and our business may be adversely affected.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
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Table of Contents</font></a></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<font style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a name="equity">I</a>tem 2.  Un<a name="itemm2">r</a>egistered Sales of Equity Securities and
Use of Proceeds</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="color: #000000">
In September 2017, we reduced the exercise price of all warrants
issued in private placement transactions completed between April 1
and June 27, 2017 (the</font> <font style="font-style: italic; color: #000000">Spring 2017 Private
Placement</font><font style="color: #000000">) from a weighted
average of $3.99 per share to $2.00 per share. We also issued to
each of the Spring 2017 Private Placement investors, each of who
were accredited investors, additional warrants to purchase an
aggregate total of 247,501 shares of common stock, with an exercise
price of $2.00 per share.</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
In September 2017, we issued an aggregate total of 477,500 shares
of unregistered common stock, having an aggregate fair value of
$744,100, to certain professional service providers. In October
2017, we issued an aggregate total of 70,000 shares of unregistered
shares of common stock with a fair value of $83,800 to certain
professional service providers.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; background-color: #FFFFFF; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Proceeds from each of the offerings were used for general corporate
purposes. All of the above sales were made in reliance
on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act as transactions by
and issuer not involving any public offering, Regulation D of the
Securities Act, and/or Section 3(a)(9) under the Securities Act. In
all such transactions, certain inquiries were made by the Company
to establish that such sales qualified for such exemption from the
registration requirements. In particular, the Company confirmed
that, with respect to the exemption claimed under Section 4(a)(2)
of the Securities Act, that (i) all offers of sales and sales were
made by personal contact from officers and directors of the Company
or other persons closely associated with the Company, (ii) each
investor made representations that he, she or it was an accredited
investor as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D under the
Securities Act (and the Company had no reason to believe that such
representations were incorrect), (iii) each purchaser gave
assurance of investment intent, and (iv) offers and sales within
any offering were made only to a limited number of
persons.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Item 3. D<a name="itemm3">e</a>faults Upon Senior
Securities</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
None.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a name="exhibits">I</a>tem 6. E<a name="itemm6">X</a>HIBITS</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Exhibit</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Number</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 91%; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Description</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a href="ex31-1.htm">31.1</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer required by
Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a href="ex31-2.htm">31.2</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer required by
Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<a href="ex32.htm">32</a></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Certification of the Principal Executive and Financial Officers
required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of
Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.INS </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Instance Document</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.SCH</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.CAL</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.DEF</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.LAB</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase</font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr style="">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 8%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
101.PRE</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 91%;">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase</font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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<div id="ftr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div id="pn" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">- 59 -</font></div>
</div>
<div id="pb" style="text-align: center; page-break-after: always; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100%; height: 2px; background-color: #000000">
<!--page break--></div>
<div id="hdr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
SIGN<a name="sigs">A</a>TURES</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
    Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto
duly authorized.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 45%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 3%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 4%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 46%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 45%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 54%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
VISTAGEN THERAPEUTICS, INC. </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
<font style="text-decoration: underline">/s/ Shawn K.
Singh</font></font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Shawn K. Singh</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
 </font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 45%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 54%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
<font style="text-decoration: underline">/s/ Jerrold D.
Dotson</font></font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 45%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 54%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Jerrold D. Dotson</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 45%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 54%;">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 2px; text-indent: 0px;">
<font style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting
Officer</font></div>
</td>
<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="5" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;">
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
Dated: November 9, 2017</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">     </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">- 60
-<br></font></div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex31-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATIONS SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLY ACT OF 2002
<TEXT>
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EXHIBIT 31.1</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CERTIFICATION</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">I,
Shawn K. Singh, certify that;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">1.</font>            
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of VistaGen
Therapeutics, Inc.;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">2.            
Based on my knowledge, this report, does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by the report;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">3.            
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other
financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">4.            
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are
responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)) and
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and
have:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">a)           Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure
controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to
ensure that material information relating to the registrant,
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">b)           Designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such
internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">c)           Evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and
procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the
end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">d)           Disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting; and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">5.            
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have
disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and
the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors
(or persons performing the equivalent functions):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">a)           All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">b)           Any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table">
<div style="display: table-row">
<div style="display: table-cell; width: 480px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">November 9,
2017                                                                                                            </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; display: table-cell"><font style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
/s/ Shawn K. Singh</font><br>
<font style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Shawn K.
Singh</font><br>
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Principal
Executive Officer</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 456px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">        </font><br>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex31-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) CERTIFICATIONS SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLY ACT OF 2002
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
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<title>Blueprint</title>
</head>
<body style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
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<div style="text-align: right; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
EXHIBIT 31.2</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CERTIFICATION</font></div>
<div><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">I,
Jerrold D. Dotson, certify that:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">1.</font>            
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of VistaGen
Therapeutics, Inc.;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">2.            
Based on my knowledge, this report, does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by the report;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">3.            
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other
financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">4.            
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are
responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)) and
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and
have:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">a)           Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure
controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to
ensure that material information relating to the registrant,
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">b)           Designed
such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such
internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">c)           Evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and
procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the
end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">d)           Disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting; and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">5.            
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have
disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and
the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors
(or persons performing the equivalent functions):</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">a)           All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 24px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">b)           Any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="display: table">
<div style="display: table-row">
<div style="display: table-cell; width: 432px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">November 9,
2017                                                                                                 </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; display: table-cell"><font style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
/s/ Jerrold D. Dotson</font><br>
<font style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
</font><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Jerrold D.
Dotson</font><br>
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">Principal
Financial Officer</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 384px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">              </font><br>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>ex32.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATE PURSUANT TO SECTION 18 U.S.C. PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
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<title>Blueprint</title>
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<body style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px;">
<div id="pgbrk" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; text-indent: 0px; margin-right: 0px">
<div id="hdr">
<div style="text-align: left; width: 100%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: right; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
EXHIBIT 32</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT T9</font></div>
<div style="text-align: center; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">In
connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of VistaGen
Therapeutics, Inc. (the “<font style="font-style: italic">Company</font>”) for the quarter ended
September 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on the date hereof (the “<font style="font-style: italic">Report</font>”), Shawn K. Singh, JD, the
Company’s Principal Executive Officer, and Jerrold D. Dotson,
the Company’s Principal Financial Officer, certify, pursuant
to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of their
knowledge:</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0px; display: table">
<div style="display: table-row">
<div style="text-align: left; display: table-cell; width: 48px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">1.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">The Report fully
complies with the requirement of Section 13(a) or Section 15 (d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="margin-left: 0px; display: table">
<div style="display: table-row">
<div style="text-align: left; display: table-cell; width: 48px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">2.</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; display: table-cell"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">The information
contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects,
the financial condition and results of operations of the
Company.</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">November
9, 2017</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">
/s/ Shawn K. Singh</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Shawn
K. Singh</font></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Principal
Executive Officer</font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-indent: 0px">
<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px"> </font></div>
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/s/ Jerrold D. Dotson</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Jerrold
D. Dotson</font></div>
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<font style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13px">Principal
Financial Officer</font></div>
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We believe AV-101 also has potential as a non-opioid treatment alternative for neuropathic pain, as well as several additional CNS indications <font style="color: #333333; background-color: white">where modulation of the NMDA receptors, activation of AMPA pathways and/or key active metabolites of AV-101 may achieve therapeutic benefit</font>, including Parkinson&#8217;s disease levodopa&#160;-induced dyskinesia (<i>PD LID</i>), epilepsy and Huntington&#8217;s disease.</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Clinical studies conducted at the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (<i>NIMH</i>), part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (<i>NIH</i>), by Dr. Carlos Zarate, Jr., Chief of the NIMH&#8217;s Experimental Therapeutics &#38; Pathophysiology Branch and its Section on Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, have focused on the antidepressant effects of ketamine hydrochloride injection (<i>ketamine</i>), an ion-channel blocking NMDA receptor antagonist approved by the FDA as an anesthetic, in MDD patients with inadequate therapeutic responses to multiple standard antidepressants. These NIMH studies, as well as clinical research at Yale University and other academic institutions, have demonstrated ketamine&#8217;s robust antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant MDD patients within twenty-four hours of a single sub-anesthetic dose administered by intravenous (<i>IV</i>) infusion.</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We believe AV-101 may have potential to deliver ketamine-like antidepressant effects without the need for IV administration and ketamine&#8217;s psychological and other negative side effects. As published in the October 2015 issue of the peer-reviewed&#160;<i>Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,&#160;</i>in an article titled,&#160;<i>The prodrug 4-chlorokynurenine causes ketamine-like antidepressant effects, but not side effects, by NMDA/glycineB-site inhibition,</i>&#160;using well-established preclinical models of depression, AV-101 was shown to induce fast-acting, dose-dependent, persistent and statistically significant antidepressant-like responses following a single treatment. These responses were equivalent to those seen with a single sub-anesthetic control dose of ketamine. In addition, these studies confirmed that the fast-acting antidepressant effects of AV-101 were mediated through both inhibiting the GlyB site of the NMDA receptor and activating the AMPA receptor pathway in the brain.</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to our Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (<i>CRADA</i>) with the NIMH, the NIMH is currently funding, and Dr. Zarate, as Principal Investigator, and his team are currently conducting, a small Phase 2 clinical study of AV-101 as a monotherapy in adult subjects with treatment-resistant MDD (the&#160;<i>NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study</i>). In October 2017, we received FDA authorization to launch our 180-patient Phase 2 multi-center, multi-dose, double blind, placebo-controlled efficacy and safety study of AV-101 as a new generation adjunctive treatment of MDD in adult patients with an inadequate therapeutic response to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants (the&#160;<i>AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study</i>).&#160;&#160;Subject to obtaining sufficient financing, we intend to launch the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study in the first quarter of 2018, with Dr. Maurizio Fava, Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Director, Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Hospital (<i>MGH</i>) Research Institute, as Principal Investigator.&#160;&#160;Dr. Fava was the co-Principal Investigator with Dr. A. John Rush of the STAR*D study, the largest clinical trial conducted in depression to date, whose findings were published in journals such as the <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i> (<i>NEJM</i>) and the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> (<i>JAMA</i>). We expect to complete this study by the end of 2018, with top line results available in the first quarter of 2019.</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">VistaStem Therapeutics (<i>VistaStem</i>) is our wholly owned subsidiary focused on applying human pluripotent stem cell (<i>hPSC</i>) technology to discover, rescue, develop and commercialize (i) proprietary new chemical entities (<i>NCEs</i>) for CNS and other diseases and (ii) regenerative medicine (<i>RM</i>) involving hPSC-derived blood, cartilage, heart and liver cells. &#160;Our internal drug rescue programs are designed to utilize&#160;<i>CardioSafe 3D</i>, our customized cardiac bioassay system, to develop small molecule NCEs for our pipeline.&#160; To advance potential RM applications of our cardiac stem cell technology, in December 2016, we exclusively sublicensed to BlueRock Therapeutics LP, a next generation RM company established by Bayer AG and Versant Ventures (<i>BlueRock Therapeutics</i>), rights to certain proprietary technologies relating to the production of cardiac stem cells for the treatment of heart disease (the&#160;<i>BlueRock Agreement</i>).&#160;In a manner similar to our exclusive sublicense agreement with BlueRock Therapeutics, we may pursue additional RM collaborations or licensing transactions involving blood, cartilage, and/or liver cells derived from hPSCs for (A) cell-based therapy, (B) cell repair therapy, and/or (C) tissue engineering.&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Subsidiaries</b></p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As noted above, VistaStem is our wholly-owned subsidiary. 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Following that approval, in October 2017, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-221009) (the <i>S-1 Registration Statement</i>) pursuant to which we anticipate completing an offering of our equity securities with proceeds sufficient to enable the launch and completion of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study and fund our internal operations for at least the next twelve months. There can be no assurance, however, that we will achieve effectiveness of the S-1 Registration Statement or successfully complete an offering thereunder.</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the sale of our equity securities, we may also seek to enter research and development collaborations that could generate revenue or provide substantial funding for development of AV-101 and additional product candidates. 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<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayable" id="ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayable">
<link:definition>00000011 - Disclosure - Notes Payable</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStock" id="CapitalStock">
<link:definition>00000012 - Disclosure - Capital Stock</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/RelatedPartyTransactions" id="RelatedPartyTransactions">
<link:definition>00000013 - Disclosure - Related Party Transactions</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SubsequentEvents" id="SubsequentEvents">
<link:definition>00000014 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
<link:definition>00000015 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables">
<link:definition>00000016 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsTables" id="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsTables">
<link:definition>00000017 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/AccruedExpensesTables" id="AccruedExpensesTables">
<link:definition>00000018 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/NotesPayableTables" id="NotesPayableTables">
<link:definition>00000019 - Disclosure - Notes Payable (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStockTables" id="CapitalStockTables">
<link:definition>00000020 - Disclosure - Capital Stock (Tables)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsNarrative" id="BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsNarrative">
<link:definition>00000021 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails">
<link:definition>00000022 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails1" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails1">
<link:definition>00000023 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 1)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails3" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails3">
<link:definition>00000024 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 2)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsDetails" id="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsDetails">
<link:definition>00000025 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/AccruedExpensesDetails" id="AccruedExpensesDetails">
<link:definition>00000026 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetails" id="ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetails">
<link:definition>00000027 - Disclosure - Notes Payable (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStockDetails" id="CapitalStockDetails">
<link:definition>00000028 - Disclosure - Capital Stock (Details)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStockDetails1" id="CapitalStockDetails1">
<link:definition>00000029 - Disclosure - Capital Stock (Details 1)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:roleType roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/RelatedPartyTransactionsDetailsNarrative" id="RelatedPartyTransactionsDetailsNarrative">
<link:definition>00000030 - Disclosure - Related Party Transactions (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
<link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
<link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
</link:roleType>
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Calculation Links" />
<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Definition Links" />
</appinfo>
</annotation>
<import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2017-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2017-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-types-2017-01-31.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
<import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.sec.gov/invest/2013/invest-2013-01-31.xsd" />
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<element id="VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense" name="PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses" name="PublicOfferingExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses" name="AccruedDevelopmentExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices" name="FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" name="FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" name="ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1" name="ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable" name="InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock" name="AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" name="FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="num:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ExpirateDateRange" name="ExpirateDateRange" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_CRLMember" name="CRLMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_IncentivePlanMember" name="IncentivePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_NotesPayable1Member" name="NotesPayable1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant1Member" name="Warrant1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant2Member" name="Warrant2Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant3Member" name="Warrant3Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant4Member" name="Warrant4Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant5Member" name="Warrant5Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant6Member" name="Warrant6Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant7Member" name="Warrant7Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant8Member" name="Warrant8Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant9Member" name="Warrant9Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant10Member" name="Warrant10Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant11Member" name="Warrant11Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_Warrant12Member" name="Warrant12Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember" name="September2017WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_PreModificationMember" name="PreModificationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_PostModificationMember" name="PostModificationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" name="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" name="NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract" name="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract" name="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract" name="PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract" name="AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract" name="ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract" name="CapitalStockTablesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract" name="BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsAbstract" name="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract" name="PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract" name="AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetailsAbstract" name="ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetailsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_CapitalStockDetailsAbstract" name="CapitalStockDetailsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetails2Abstract" name="ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableDetails2Abstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
<element id="VTGN_RelatedPartyTransactionsDetailsTextualsAbstract" name="RelatedPartyTransactionsDetailsTextualsAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>vtgn-20170930_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 4.19a -->
<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.co -->
<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Source; Value: Vistagen 09302017 10Q2.xfr; Date: 2017%2D11%2D09T04:08:03Z -->
<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/DocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#DocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperationsAndComprehensiveLoss" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperationsAndComprehensiveLoss" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/DescriptionOfBusiness" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#DescriptionOfBusiness" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcern" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcern" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssets" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/AccruedExpenses" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#AccruedExpenses" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayable" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayable" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStock" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#CapitalStock" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/RelatedPartyTransactions" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#RelatedPartyTransactions" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SubsequentEvents" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#SubsequentEvents" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsTables" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/AccruedExpensesTables" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#AccruedExpensesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/NotesPayableTables" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#NotesPayableTables" xlink:type="simple" />
<link:roleRef roleURI="http://vistagen.com/role/CapitalStockTables" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#CapitalStockTables" xlink:type="simple" />
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</link:definitionLink>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>vtgn-20170930_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 4.19a -->
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<!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Source; Value: Vistagen 09302017 10Q2.xfr; Date: 2017%2D11%2D09T04:08:03Z -->
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<link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
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<link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
<link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
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<link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series B Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
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<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedParty [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_CRLMember" xlink:label="VTGN_CRLMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_CRLMember" xlink:to="VTGN_CRLMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_CRLMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CRL [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NatureOfExpense [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">StatementEquityComponents [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OptionMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_OptionMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OptionMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OptionMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OptionMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_IncentivePlanMember" xlink:label="VTGN_IncentivePlanMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_IncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="VTGN_IncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_IncentivePlanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2016 (formerly 2008) and 1999 Stock Incentive Plans [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_WarrantMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_NotesPayable1Member" xlink:label="VTGN_NotesPayable1Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_NotesPayable1Member" xlink:to="VTGN_NotesPayable1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_NotesPayable1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable 1 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ClassOfWarrantOrRight [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant1Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant1Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant1Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 1 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant2Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant2Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant2Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant2Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 2 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant3Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant3Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant3Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant3Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 3 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant4Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant4Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant4Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant4Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant4Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 4 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant5Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant5Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant5Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant5Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant5Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 5 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant6Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant6Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant6Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant6Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant6Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 6 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant7Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant7Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant7Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant7Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant7Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 7 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant8Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant8Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant8Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant8Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant8Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 8 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant9Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant9Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant9Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant9Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant9Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 9 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant10Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant10Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant10Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant10Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant10Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 10 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant11Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant11Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant11Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant11Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant11Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 11 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_Warrant12Member" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant12Member" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_Warrant12Member" xlink:to="VTGN_Warrant12Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_Warrant12Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant 12 [Member]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember" xlink:label="VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember" xlink:to="VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">September 2017 Warrants</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RangeAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">StatementEquityComponents [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PreModificationMember" xlink:label="VTGN_PreModificationMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PreModificationMember" xlink:to="VTGN_PreModificationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PreModificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-Modification</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PostModificationMember" xlink:label="VTGN_PostModificationMember" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PostModificationMember" xlink:to="VTGN_PostModificationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PostModificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Post-Modification</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document And Entity Information</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Is Entity a Well-known Seasoned Issuer?</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Is Entity a Voluntary Filer?</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Is Entity's Reporting Status Current?</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2014/dei-2014-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security deposits and other assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current notes payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital lease obligations</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-current liabilities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock" xlink:to="VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred Stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred rent liability</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital lease obligations</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total non-current liabilities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' equity (deficit):</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively; 11,764,639 and 8,974,386 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, at cost, 135,665 shares of common stock held at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total stockholders' equity (deficit)</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders deficit:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, par value</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Authorized</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par Value Par Share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Shares</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">General and administrative</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from operations</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other expenses, net:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense, net</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before income taxes</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income taxes</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deemed dividend on Series B Preferred Units</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from operating activities:</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" xlink:label="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" xlink:to="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expense related to modification of warrants, including exchange of warrants for common stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of deferred rent</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" xlink:to="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of common stock granted for services</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices" xlink:to="VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of Series B Preferred stock granted for services</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" xlink:label="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" xlink:to="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of warrants granted for services</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable and accrued expenses, including accrued interest</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from investing activities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of equipment</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from financing activities:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, including Units</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1" xlink:label="VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1" xlink:to="VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from issuance of Series B Preferred Units</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of capital lease obligations</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of notes payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of noncash activites:</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable" xlink:label="VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable" xlink:to="VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insurance premiums settled by issuing note payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes to Financial Statements</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Description of Business</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting" xlink:to="us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basis of Presentation</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital Stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Transactions</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Policies</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:label="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates" xlink:to="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Use of Estimates</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-Based Compensation</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) per Common Share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Tables</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of stock-based compensation expense</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant assumptions</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of potentially dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesTablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets Tables</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Expenses Tables</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Promissory Notes And Other Notes Payable Tables</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital Stock Tables</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Warrant Modifications</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants outstanding</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basis Of Presentation And Going Concern Details Narrative</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Deficit during its development stage</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash proceeds from issuance of common stock</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash proceeds from grant awards and other events</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Nature of Expense [Axis]</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option expense</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Market Price (in dollars per share)</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise price per share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Market price per share at grant date</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise price per share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Risk-free interest rate</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expected term (years)</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividend rate</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value per share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive securities</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets Details</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insurance</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AV-101 materials and services</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses" xlink:label="VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses" xlink:to="VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Public offering expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">All other</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract" xlink:to="VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Expenses Details</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued professional services</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses" xlink:to="VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued AV-101 development and related expenses</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued compensation</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">All other</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductOrServiceAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Products and Services [Axis]</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Principal Balance</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Interest</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtCurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">less: current portion</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtNoncurrent" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net non-current portion</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RangeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RangeAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RangeAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Axis]</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Term (Years)</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of warrant shares</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" xlink:to="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average fair value per share</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Warrant or Right [Axis]</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise price per share</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="vtgn-20170930.xsd#VTGN_ExpirateDateRange" xlink:label="VTGN_ExpirateDateRange" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_ExpirateDateRange" xlink:to="VTGN_ExpirateDateRange_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="VTGN_ExpirateDateRange_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration date range</link:label>
<link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2017/elts/us-gaap-2017-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" />
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants outstanding</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Incurred expenses on research and subsequent other projects</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants" xlink:to="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Custom Element</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger" xlink:to="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Custom Element</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare" xlink:to="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital Lease Obligations, Noncurrent</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Noncurrent</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock Dividends and Other Adjustments</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redeemable Preferred Stock Dividends</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Machinery and Equipment</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
<link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
<link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>vtgn-20170930_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751122736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 09, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>Document And Entity Information</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001411685<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-Q<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Sep. 30, 2017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--03-31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Is Entity a Well-known Seasoned Issuer?</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Is Entity a Voluntary Filer?</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Is Entity's Reporting Status Current?</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Smaller Reporting Company<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,698,974<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>If the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal period of the document report. For a first quarter 2006 quarterly report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, the first fiscal quarter should be given as the fiscal period focus. Values: FY, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, H1, H2, M9, T1, T2, T3, M8, CY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented. If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word "Other".</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12b<br> -Subsection 1<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated) or (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12b<br> -Subsection 1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751796336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,764,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,921,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">563,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">456,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,327,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,377,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">242,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">286,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Security deposits and other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,617,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,712,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,151,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">867,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">625,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">443,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent', window );">Current notes payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">105,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent', window );">Capital lease obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,884,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,367,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock', window );">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred Stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,081,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,577,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit', window );">Deferred rent liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">312,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">139,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent', window );">Capital lease obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Total non-current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,404,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,728,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,289,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,096,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' equity (deficit):</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively; 11,764,639 and 8,974,386 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">151,541,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">146,569,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock, at cost, 135,665 shares of common stock held at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,968,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,968,100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(149,261,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(141,998,700)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total stockholders' equity (deficit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,671,600)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">615,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,617,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,712,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember', window );">Series A Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' equity (deficit):</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember', window );">Series B Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' equity (deficit):</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' equity (deficit):</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_AccruedDividendsOnSeriesBPreferredStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of capital lease obligation due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84164817&loc=d3e45280-112737<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84164758&loc=d3e45023-112735<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount equal to the present value (the principal) at the beginning of the lease term of minimum lease payments during the lease term (excluding that portion of the payments representing executory costs such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes to be paid by the lessor, together with any profit thereon) net of payments or other amounts applied to the principal, through the balance sheet date and due to be paid more than one year (or one operating cycle, if longer) after the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84164817&loc=d3e45280-112737<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84164758&loc=d3e45023-112735<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalLeaseObligationsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82911808&loc=d3e14326-108349<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative difference between the rental payments required by a lease agreement and the rental income or expense recognized on a straight-line basis, or other systematic and rational basis more representative of the time pattern in which use or benefit is granted or derived from the leased property, expected to be recognized in income or expense over the term of the leased property by the lessor or lessee, respectively.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=77902458&loc=d3e39896-112707<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredRentCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(26))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of the portions of all long-term notes and loans payable due within one year or the operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesAndLoansPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6787-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=68074540&loc=d3e5879-108316<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6391035&loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27010918&loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405813&loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405834&loc=d3e23315-112656<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6752188192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders deficit:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred Stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ .001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, Par Value Par Share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ .001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ .001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,764,639<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,974,386<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding', window );">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,764,639<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,974,386<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury Stock, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">135,665<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135,665<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember', window );">Series A Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders deficit:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember', window );">Series B Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders deficit:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders deficit:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of shares of other common stock instruments held by shareholders, such as exchangeable shares. May be all or portion of the number of common shares authorized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockOtherSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate share number for all nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) held by stockholders. Does not include preferred shares that have been repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405813&loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember</td>
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<tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751697904">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost', window );">Research and development</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,426,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,606,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,522,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,431,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">General and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,567,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,493,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,731,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,631,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,993,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,099,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,254,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,063,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,993,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,099,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,254,200)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,063,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other expenses, net:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expense, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,400)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Loss before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,997,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,101,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,259,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,065,800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,400)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,400)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,997,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,101,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,262,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,068,200)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments', window );">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(256,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(241,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(503,600)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(780,800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends', window );">Deemed dividend on Series B Preferred Units</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(111,100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic', window );">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (5,253,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,342,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,765,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,960,100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (0.53)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.42)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.82)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.91)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,892,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,041,619<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,465,459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,577,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements. Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 225<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=63488584&loc=d3e20235-122688<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a),(b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6450988&loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64930785&loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 225<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879574&loc=d3e536633-122882<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 225<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879574&loc=d3e536633-122882<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 225<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879464&loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 225<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=63488584&loc=d3e20235-122688<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after deduction of tax, noncontrolling interests, dividends on preferred stock and participating securities; of income (loss) available to common shareholders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96947427&loc=d3e1377-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate value of preferred stock dividends and other adjustments necessary to derive net income apportioned to common stockholders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96947427&loc=d3e1377-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockDividendsAndOtherAdjustments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Dividends paid to preferred stock holders that is redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96947427&loc=d3e1377-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RedeemablePreferredStockDividends</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The costs incurred in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, excluding in-process research and development acquired in a business combination consummated during the period. Excludes software research and development, which has a separate concept.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6420194&loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751067008">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (7,262,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,068,200)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">46,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">697,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">306,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants', window );">Expense related to modification of warrants, including exchange of warrants for common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">279,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges', window );">Amortization of deferred rent</a></td>
<td class="nump">173,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger', window );">Fair value of common stock granted for services</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,392,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">217,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices', window );">Fair value of Series B Preferred stock granted for services</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">375,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims', window );">Fair value of warrants granted for services</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">227,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">197,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accounts payable and accrued expenses, including accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">466,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,009,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,873,100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment', window );">Purchases of equipment</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,600)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,700)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,600)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,700)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, including Units</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,947,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,537,100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1', window );">Net proceeds from issuance of Series B Preferred Units</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermCapitalLeaseObligations', window );">Repayment of capital lease obligations</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,200)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfNotesPayable', window );">Repayment of notes payable</a></td>
<td class="num">(91,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(105,200)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by financing activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,854,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,709,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,156,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,828,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,921,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">428,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents at end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,764,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,257,100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplemental disclosure of noncash activites:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable', window );">Insurance premiums settled by issuing note payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">142,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">117,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock', window );">Accrued dividends on Series B Preferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 503,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 780,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Custom Element</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_ExpenseRelatedToModificationOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Custom Element</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_FairValueOfCommonStockGrantedForServicesFollowingMerger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_FairValueOfSeriesBPreferredStockGrantedForServices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_InsurancePremiumsSettledByIssuingNotePayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_ProceedsFromExerciseOfModifiedWarrants1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Includes effect from exchange rate changes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98513438&loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6391035&loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of paid and unpaid preferred stock dividends declared with the form of settlement in cash, stock and payment-in-kind (PIK).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 405<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957935&loc=d3e64057-112817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPreferredStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the value of expenditures made during the current reporting period for benefits that will be received over a period of years. Deferred charges differ from prepaid expenses in that they usually extend over a long period of time and may or may not be regularly recurring costs of operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of share-based compensation granted to nonemployees as payment for services rendered or acknowledged claims.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 26<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3574-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 26<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3574-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 225<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879574&loc=d3e536633-122882<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 225<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879464&loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 225<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=63488584&loc=d3e20235-122688<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for acquisition of machinery and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for the obligation for a lease meeting the criteria for capitalization (with maturities exceeding one year or beyond the operating cycle of the entity, if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for a borrowing supported by a written promise to pay an obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742400176">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations', window );">Description of Business</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Overview</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">VistaGen Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: VTGN),
a Nevada corporation, is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing new generation medicines for depression
and other central nervous system (<i>CNS</i>) disorders.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">AV-101 is our oral CNS product candidate in
Phase 2 clinical development in the United States, initially as a new generation adjunctive treatment for Major Depressive Disorder
(<i>MDD</i>) in patients with an inadequate response to standard antidepressants approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(<i>FDA</i>).  AV-101’s mechanism of action (<i>MOA</i>) involves both NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid) receptors in the brain responsible for fast excitatory synaptic activity throughout the CNS.  AV-101’s MOA is
fundamentally differentiated from all FDA-approved antidepressants, as well as all atypical antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole,
often used adjunctively to augment them. We believe AV-101 also has potential as a non-opioid treatment alternative for neuropathic
pain, as well as several additional CNS indications <font style="color: #333333; background-color: white">where modulation of the
NMDA receptors, activation of AMPA pathways and/or key active metabolites of AV-101 may achieve therapeutic benefit</font>, including
Parkinson’s disease levodopa -induced dyskinesia (<i>PD LID</i>), epilepsy and Huntington’s disease.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Clinical studies conducted at the U.S. National
Institute of Mental Health (<i>NIMH</i>), part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (<i>NIH</i>), by Dr. Carlos Zarate, Jr.,
Chief of the NIMH’s Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch and its Section on Neurobiology and Treatment
of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, have focused on the antidepressant effects of ketamine hydrochloride injection (<i>ketamine</i>),
an ion-channel blocking NMDA receptor antagonist approved by the FDA as an anesthetic, in MDD patients with inadequate therapeutic
responses to multiple standard antidepressants. These NIMH studies, as well as clinical research at Yale University and other academic
institutions, have demonstrated ketamine’s robust antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant MDD patients within twenty-four
hours of a single sub-anesthetic dose administered by intravenous (<i>IV</i>) infusion.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We believe AV-101 may have potential to deliver
ketamine-like antidepressant effects without the need for IV administration and ketamine’s psychological and other negative
side effects. As published in the October 2015 issue of the peer-reviewed <i>Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, </i>in
an article titled, <i>The prodrug 4-chlorokynurenine causes ketamine-like antidepressant effects, but not side effects, by
NMDA/glycineB-site inhibition,</i> using well-established preclinical models of depression, AV-101 was shown to induce fast-acting,
dose-dependent, persistent and statistically significant antidepressant-like responses following a single treatment. These responses
were equivalent to those seen with a single sub-anesthetic control dose of ketamine. In addition, these studies confirmed that
the fast-acting antidepressant effects of AV-101 were mediated through both inhibiting the GlyB site of the NMDA receptor and activating
the AMPA receptor pathway in the brain.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to our Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement (<i>CRADA</i>) with the NIMH, the NIMH is currently funding, and Dr. Zarate, as Principal Investigator, and his team
are currently conducting, a small Phase 2 clinical study of AV-101 as a monotherapy in adult subjects with treatment-resistant
MDD (the <i>NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study</i>). In October 2017, we received FDA authorization to launch our 180-patient
Phase 2 multi-center, multi-dose, double blind, placebo-controlled efficacy and safety study of AV-101 as a new generation adjunctive
treatment of MDD in adult patients with an inadequate therapeutic response to standard, FDA-approved antidepressants (the <i>AV-101
MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study</i>).  Subject to obtaining sufficient financing, we intend to launch the AV-101
MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study in the first quarter of 2018, with Dr. Maurizio Fava, Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard
Medical School and Director, Division of Clinical Research, Massachusetts General Hospital (<i>MGH</i>) Research Institute, as
Principal Investigator.  Dr. Fava was the co-Principal Investigator with Dr. A. John Rush of the STAR*D study, the largest
clinical trial conducted in depression to date, whose findings were published in journals such as the <i>New England Journal of
Medicine</i> (<i>NEJM</i>) and the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> (<i>JAMA</i>). We expect to complete this
study by the end of 2018, with top line results available in the first quarter of 2019.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">VistaStem Therapeutics (<i>VistaStem</i>) is
our wholly owned subsidiary focused on applying human pluripotent stem cell (<i>hPSC</i>) technology to discover, rescue, develop
and commercialize (i) proprietary new chemical entities (<i>NCEs</i>) for CNS and other diseases and (ii) regenerative medicine
(<i>RM</i>) involving hPSC-derived blood, cartilage, heart and liver cells.  Our internal drug rescue programs are designed
to utilize <i>CardioSafe 3D</i>, our customized cardiac bioassay system, to develop small molecule NCEs for our pipeline. 
To advance potential RM applications of our cardiac stem cell technology, in December 2016, we exclusively sublicensed to BlueRock
Therapeutics LP, a next generation RM company established by Bayer AG and Versant Ventures (<i>BlueRock Therapeutics</i>), rights
to certain proprietary technologies relating to the production of cardiac stem cells for the treatment of heart disease (the <i>BlueRock
Agreement</i>). In a manner similar to our exclusive sublicense agreement with BlueRock Therapeutics, we may pursue additional
RM collaborations or licensing transactions involving blood, cartilage, and/or liver cells derived from hPSCs for (A) cell-based
therapy, (B) cell repair therapy, and/or (C) tissue engineering. </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b> </b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Subsidiaries</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As noted above, VistaStem is our wholly-owned
subsidiary. Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (<i>Report</i>) also include
the accounts of VistaStem’s two wholly-owned inactive subsidiaries, Artemis Neuroscience, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and
VistaStem Canada, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of Ontario, Canada.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the nature of an entity's business, major products or services, principal markets including location, and the relative importance of its operations in each business and the basis for the determination, including but not limited to, assets, revenues, or earnings. For an entity that has not commenced principal operations, disclosures about the risks and uncertainties related to the activities in which the entity is currently engaged and an understanding of what those activities are being directed toward.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6630541184">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (<i>U.S.
GAAP</i>) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly,
they do not contain all of the information and footnotes required for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion
of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments, which include only
normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our interim financial information. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated
Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include
all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.  The operating results for the three and six months ended September 30, 2107 are not
necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for our fiscal year ending March 31, 2018, or for any other future
interim or other period.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements and notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated
Financial Statements for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2017 contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (<i>SEC</i>) on June 29, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. As a company having not yet developed commercial
products or achieved sustainable revenues, we have experienced recurring losses and negative cash flows from operations resulting
in a deficit of $149.3 million accumulated from inception (May 1998) through September 30, 2017. We expect losses and negative
cash flows from operations to continue for the foreseeable future as we engage in further development of AV-101, initially as an
adjunctive treatment for MDD, and subsequently as a new treatment alternative for other CNS-related conditions, as well as exploring
and potentially executing drug rescue and development opportunities using <i>CardioSafe</i> 3D, and potential RM programs related
to VistaStem’s technology platform.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">From our inception through September 30, 2017,
we have financed our operations and technology acquisitions primarily through the issuance and sale of our equity and debt securities
for cash proceeds of approximately $47.6 million, as well as from an aggregate of approximately $17.6 million of government research
grant awards, strategic collaboration payments, intellectual property sublicensing and other revenues. We have also issued equity
securities with an approximate value at issuance of $32.3 million in non-cash settlements of certain liabilities, including liabilities
for professional services rendered to us or as compensation for such services. Additionally, pursuant to our February 2015 Cooperative
Research and Development Agreement (<i>CRADA)</i> with the NIH, substantial ongoing Phase 2 clinical development activities relating
to AV-101 as a potential new generation antidepressant are being sponsored in full, at no cost to us other than supplying clinical
trial material, by the NIMH under the direction of Dr. Carlos Zarate Jr. as Principal Investigator.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">At September 30, 2017, we had a cash and cash
equivalents balance of $1.76 million. This amount was not sufficient to enable us to fund our planned operations, including expected
cash expenditures of approximately $12 million for the twelve months following the issuance of these financial statements, including
expenditures required to launch and satisfy a portion of the projected expenses associated with our proposed AV-101 MDD Phase 2
Adjunctive Treatment Study.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Our limited cash position at September 30, 2017
considered with our recurring and anticipated losses and negative cash flows from operations make it probable, in the absence of
additional financing, that we will not be able to meet our obligations as they come due within one year from the date of this Report,
raising substantial doubt that we can continue as a going concern. However, to alleviate that doubt, we plan, as we have numerous
times in the past, to raise additional financing when and as needed, primarily through the sale of our equity securities in one
or more private placements to accredited investors or public offerings. In September 2017, we completed a firm commitment underwritten
public offering pursuant to which we offered and sold shares of our common stock and warrants to two of our existing institutional
investors, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $2.4 million under our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration
No. 333-215671) (the <i>S-3 Registration Statement</i>) that had been previously declared effective by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the <i>Commission</i>) to cover potential future sales of our equity securities in one or more public offerings from
time to time. (See Note 7, <i>Capital Stock</i>, for additional information regarding the September 2017 public offering.) While
we may make additional sales of our equity securities under the S-3 Registration Statement, we do not have an obligation to do
so.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, in September 2017, to facilitate
potential future issuances and sales of our equity securities for ordinary corporate finance and general corporate purposes and
as recommended by our Board of Directors (<i>Board</i>), our stockholders approved an amendment to our Restated and Amended Articles
of Incorporation to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance thereunder from 30 million shares to 100
million shares, an amount our Board determined is customary and appropriate for a Nasdaq-listed, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
company. Following that approval, in October 2017, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-221009)
(the <i>S-1 Registration Statement</i>) pursuant to which we anticipate completing an offering of our equity securities with proceeds
sufficient to enable the launch and completion of the AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Adjunctive Treatment Study and fund our internal operations
for at least the next twelve months. There can be no assurance, however, that we will achieve effectiveness of the S-1 Registration
Statement or successfully complete an offering thereunder.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition to the sale of our equity securities,
we may also seek to enter research and development collaborations that could generate revenue or provide substantial funding for
development of AV-101 and additional product candidates. We may also seek additional government grant awards or agreements similar
to our current CRADA with the NIMH, which provides for the NIMH to fully fund the NIMH AV-101 MDD Phase 2 Monotherapy Study. Such
strategic collaborations may provide non-dilutive resources to advance our strategic initiatives while reducing a portion of our
future cash outlays and working capital requirements. In a manner similar to the BlueRock Agreement, we may also pursue similar
arrangements with third-parties covering other of our intellectual property. Although we may seek additional collaborations with
the U.S. government or other third-parties that could generate revenue and/or non-dilutive funding for development of AV-101 and
other product candidates and technologies, as well as new government grant awards and/or agreements similar to our CRADA with NIMH,
no assurance can be provided that any such collaborations, awards or agreements will occur in the future.  </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Our future working capital requirements will
depend on many factors, including, without limitation, the scope and nature of opportunities related to our success and the success
of certain other companies in clinical trials, including our development and commercialization of AV-101, initially as an adjunctive
treatment for MDD, and for other potential CNS conditions, as well as various potential applications of our stem cell technology
platform, the availability of, and our ability to obtain, government grant awards and agreements, and our ability to enter into
collaborations on terms acceptable to us. To further advance the clinical development of AV-101 and opportunities related to our
stem cell technology platform, as well as support our operating activities, we plan to continue to carefully manage our routine
operating costs, including our employee headcount and related expenses, as well as costs relating to regulatory consulting, contract
research and development, investor relations and corporate development, legal, acquisition and protection of intellectual property,
public company compliance and other professional services and operating costs. </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be
no assurance that future financing will be available in sufficient amounts, in a timely manner, or on terms acceptable to us, if
at all. If we are unable to obtain substantial additional financing on a timely basis when needed later in 2017 and beyond, our
business, financial condition, and results of operations may be harmed, the price of our stock may decline, we may be required
to reduce, defer, or discontinue certain of our research and development activities and we may not be able to continue as a going
concern.  As noted above, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments that might
result from the negative outcome of this uncertainty.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742400464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Use of Estimates</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Significant estimates include
those relating to share-based compensation, and assumptions that have been used historically to value warrants and warrant modifications.
With the exception of the $1.25 million of sublicense revenue recorded in the quarter ended December 31, 2016 under the BlueRock
Agreement, we do not currently have, nor have we had during the periods covered by this report, any arrangements requiring the
recognition of revenue.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Research and Development Expenses</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Research and development expenses are composed
of both internal and external costs. Internal costs include salaries and employment-related expenses of our scientific personnel
and direct project costs. External research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with nonclinical and
clinical development of AV-101, now in Phase 2 clinical development, initially for MDD, stem cell technology-related research and
development costs, and costs related to the filing, maintenance and prosecution of patents and patent applications, technology
licenses and protection of other intellectual property. All such costs are charged to expense as incurred.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Stock-Based Compensation</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We recognize compensation cost for all stock-based
awards to employees or consultants based on the grant date fair value of the award. Non-cash stock-based compensation expense is
recognized over the period during which the employee or consultant is required to perform services in exchange for the award, which
generally represents the scheduled vesting period. We have no awards with market or performance conditions. For equity awards to
non-employees, we re-measure the fair value of the awards as they vest and the resulting change in value is recognized as an expense
during the period over which the services are performed.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The table below summarizes stock-based compensation
expense included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and six
months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> Three Months Ended</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> Six Months Ended</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Research and development expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 52%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> General and administrative expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Total stock-based compensation expense</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">330,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">198,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">697,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">306,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In April 2017, our Board approved the grant
of options to purchase an aggregate of 880,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.96 per share to the independent
members of our Board, our officers and our employees. In September 2017, our stockholders approved an amendment to our 2016 Amended
and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the <i>2016 Plan</i>) to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder from 3.0 million
shares to 10.0 million shares. Following that approval, our Board authorized the grant of options to purchase an aggregate of 770,000
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.56 per share to the independent members of our Board, our officers, employees
and certain consultants. We valued the options granted in April 2017 and September 2017 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing
Model and the following weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>April <br />
2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.02</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.99</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.48</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.70</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.24</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">92.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">880,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">770,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Fair Value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.42</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.20</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In June 2016, our Board approved the grant of
options to purchase an aggregate of 655,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.49 per share to the independent
members of our Board and to our officers, including our then-newly-hired Chief Medical Officer. In September 2016, the Board approved
the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $4.27 per share to another then-newly-hired
officer. We valued the options granted in June 2016 and September 2016 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the following
weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>June <br />
2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.34</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.68</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.25</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">81.69</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.26</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">655,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">125,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Fair Value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2.50</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>3.05</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">At September 30, 2017, there were stock options
outstanding to purchase 3,279,871 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.23 per share.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Comprehensive Loss</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We have no components of other comprehensive
loss other than net loss, and accordingly our comprehensive loss is equivalent to our net loss for the periods presented.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>Income (Loss) per Common Share</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Basic net income (loss) per share of common
stock excludes the effect of dilution and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of
common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock reflects the potential dilution that
could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares of common stock were exercised or converted into shares of common
stock.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a result of our net loss for the periods
presented, potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of net loss per share, as their effect would be antidilutive.
For the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the accrual for dividends on our Series B 10% Convertible
Preferred Stock (<i>Series B Preferred</i>) and, in 2016, the deemed dividend attributable to our sale and issuance of Series B
Preferred Units, each consisting of one share of Series B Preferred and a five-year warrant to purchase one share of our common
stock for $7.00, represent deductions from our net loss to arrive at net loss attributable to common stockholders for those periods.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Potentially dilutive securities excluded in
determining diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share are as follows:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>As of September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series A Preferred stock issued and outstanding (1)</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series B Preferred stock issued and outstanding (2)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series C Preferred stock issued and outstanding (3)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding options under the Amended and Restated 2016 (formerly 2008) and 1999 Stock Incentive Plans</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,279,871</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,100,643</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding warrants to purchase common stock</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,965,151</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,678,414</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,473,274</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10,007,309</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">____________</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(1) Assumes exchange under the terms of the October 11, 2012 Note Exchange and Purchase Agreement, as amended</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(2) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series B 10% Convertible Preferred Stock, effective May 5, 2015</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(3) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, effective January 25, 2016</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Fair Value Measurements</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We do not use derivative instruments for hedging
of market risks or for trading or speculative purposes. We carried no assets or liabilities at fair value at September 30, 2017
or March 31, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>Recent Accounting Pronouncements</b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Except as described below, there have been no
recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the six months ended September 30, 2017, as compared
to the recent accounting pronouncements described in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, that are of significance
or potential significance to us.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (<i>FASB</i>) issued Accounting Standards Update (<i>ASU</i>) 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing
Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Part I: Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments
with Down Round Features; Part II: Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain
Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception” (<i>ASU 2017-11</i>).
Part I of this ASU provides that an entity will no longer have to consider “down round” features (i.e., a provision
in an equity-linked financial instrument, such as a free-standing warrant, or an embedded feature, such as a conversion option
in a convertible instrument, that reduces the exercise price of such instrument if the entity subsequently sells stock for a lower
price or issues an equity-linked instrument with a lower exercise price) when determining whether certain equity-linked financial
instruments or embedded features are indexed to its own stock. The definition of a down round feature in ASU 2017-11 excludes standard
antidilution provisions related to changes in an entity’s capital structure. Accounting Standards Codification Topic 815-40,
“Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (<i>ASC 815-40</i>) requires that a freestanding
equity-linked financial instrument be indexed to the issuer’s own stock to be classified as equity. An equity-linked embedded
feature that meets the definition of a derivative may avoid bifurcation and derivative accounting if it is indexed to the issuer’s
own stock. Under the terms of prior guidance, a freestanding financial instrument or embedded feature was not considered indexed
to the issuer’s own stock if it had a down round provision. Consequently, the freestanding financial instrument was classified
as a liability (or asset), and if it met the definition of a derivative, was measured at fair value with changes in fair value
recorded through earnings. Similarly, an embedded feature was bifurcated and separately accounted for as a derivative if it met
all other criteria for bifurcation under ASC 815-40. The bifurcated embedded feature was also measured at fair value through earnings.
Under the provisions of ASU 2017-11, an entity that presents earnings per share (<i>EPS</i>) under Accounting Standards Codification
Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” will recognize the effect of a down round feature in a freestanding equity-classified
financial instrument only when it is triggered. The effect of triggering such a feature will be recognized as a dividend and a
reduction to income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. The new guidance requires new disclosures for financial instruments
with down round features and other terms that change conversion or exercise prices. Part I of ASU 2017-11 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein, however early adoption is permitted. We early-adopted ASU
2017-11 effective for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and applied its guidance to certain of the warrants issued in the September
2017 Public Offering, as described more completely in Note 7, <i>Capital Stock</i>. No retrospective adjustments to our financial
statements were required as a result of our adoption of ASU 2017-11.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-2,
“Leases.” This ASU requires substantially all leases, including operating leases, to be recognized by lessees on their
balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability. This ASU is effective for our interim and annual reporting
periods beginning April 1, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this
ASU will have on our financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09,
“Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which simplified several aspects of the accounting for share-based
payments, including immediate recognition of all excess tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement, changing the threshold
to qualify for equity classification up to the employees’ maximum statutory tax rates, allowing an entity-wide accounting
policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures as they occur, and
clarifying the classification on the statement of cash flows for the excess tax benefit and employee taxes paid when an employer
withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. This ASU became effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning
April 1, 2017, and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements. Pursuant to our adoption
of this standard, we elected to account for the impact of option forfeitures as they occur.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>19
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6632653248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Prepaid expenses and other current assets are composed of the following
at September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> March 31,</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Insurance</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">130,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">85,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> AV-101 materials and services</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">357,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">352,800</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Public offering expenses</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">30,900</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">11,600</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> All other</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">44,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,400</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">563,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">456,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other assets. This disclosure includes other current assets and other noncurrent assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>20
<FILENAME>R10.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742456640">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Accrued Expenses</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Accrued expenses are composed of the following at September 30, 2017
and March 31, 2017:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> March 31,</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued professional services</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">61,300</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">37,000</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued AV-101 development and related expenses</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">102,400</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">402,400</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued compensation</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">451,900</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> All other</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">625,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">443,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b> </b></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for accounts payable and accrued liabilities at the end of the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a),20,24)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>21
<FILENAME>R11.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6629746736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Notes Payable<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The following table summarizes our unsecured promissory notes at
September 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 30, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Principal</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Accrued</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Principal</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Accrued</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Balance</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Interest</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Balance</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Interest</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.95% and 8.25% Notes payable to insurance</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 40%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">premium financing company (current)</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total notes payable to unrelated parties</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">less: current portion</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Net non-current portion</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In May 2017, we executed a 7.95% promissory
note in the principal amount of $142,400 in connection with insurance policy premiums. The note is payable in monthly installments
of $14,800, including principal and interest, through March 2018, and had a remaining outstanding balance of $86,600 at September
30, 2017. In February 2017, we executed a promissory note in the principal amount of $60,700 in connection with other insurance
policy premiums. That note is payable in monthly installments of $6,300, including principal and interest, and had an outstanding
balance of $18,600 at September 30, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742387744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Capital Stock</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on September
15, 2017, as approved by and recommended to our stockholders by our Board, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Restated
and Amended Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock that the Company may issue from
30.0 million shares to 100.0 million shares. The amendment became effective on September 15, 2017, upon our filing of a certificate
of amendment with the Secretary of State of the state of Nevada.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Common Stock and Warrants Issued in Firm
Commitment Underwritten</i></b> <b><i>Public Offering</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On September 6, 2017, we completed a firm commitment
underwritten public offering pursuant to which we offered and sold shares of our common stock and warrants to two of our existing
institutional investors, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $2.4 million (the <i>September 2017 Public Offering</i>).
We issued an aggregate of 1,371,430 shares of our common stock, Series A1 Warrants to purchase up to 1,388,931 shares of common
stock and Series A2 Warrants to purchase up to 503,641 of common stock (collectively, the <i>Warrants</i>), each exercisable for
$1.82 per share in the September 2017 Public Offering. The Series A1 Warrants will be exercisable by the investors for a five-year
period commencing on March 7, 2018, and the Series A2 Warrants are exercisable at any time through September 6, 2022. The common
stock and the shares of common stock underlying the Warrants issued in the September 2017 Public Offering were offered, issued
and sold pursuant to our S-3 Registration Statement that had previously been declared effective by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the <i>Commission</i>) to cover this and potential future sales of our equity securities in one or more public offerings
from time to time. We received net proceeds of approximately $2.0 million from the September 2017 Public Offering, after deducting
underwriter’s commission and other expenses related to the offering.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The 1,388,931 Series A1 Warrants issued in the
September 2017 Public Offering have no anti-dilution or other exercise price or share reset features, except as is customary with
respect to a change in our capital structure in the event of a stock split or dividend, and, accordingly, we have accounted for
them as equity warrants. The 503,641 Series A2 Warrants contain anti-dilution protection provisions that will take effect upon
the issuance of any common stock, securities convertible into common stock or certain other issuances at a price below the then-current
(currently $1.82 per share) exercise price of the Series A2 Warrants, with certain exceptions; provided, however, that such anti-dilution
protection will terminate automatically on the trading day following the date on which we have raised at least $20.0 million in
aggregate gross proceeds through one or more issuances of common stock or equity-linked securities. The anti-dilution protection
provisions in the Series A2 Warrants constitute a down round feature subject to the guidance in ASU 2017-11. Since the Series A2
Warrants contain no other provisions which require their treatment as liability warrants rather than equity warrants, including
the exercise price or share reset features, except as is customary with respect to a change in our capital structure in the event
of a stock split or dividend and which are also present in the Series A1 Warrants, we have also accounted for the Series A2 Warrants
as equity warrants.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Common Stock and Warrants Issued in Private
Placements</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">During the quarter ended June 30, 2017, in self-placed
private placement transactions, we accepted subscription agreements from individual accredited investors, pursuant to which we
sold to such investors units, at a weighted average purchase price of $2.00 per unit, consisting of an aggregate of 437,751 unregistered
shares of our common stock and warrants, exercisable through April 30, 2021, to purchase an aggregate of 218,875 unregistered shares
of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.99 per share. The purchasers of the units have no registration rights
with respect to the shares of common stock, warrants or the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants comprising
the units sold. The warrants are not exercisable until six months and one day following the date of issuance. We received aggregate
cash proceeds of $873,300 in connection with these self-placed private placement transactions, and the entire amount of the proceeds
was credited to stockholders’ equity.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In August 2017, in a self-placed private placement
transaction, we sold to an accredited investor units consisting of 28,572 shares of our unregistered common stock and warrants
exercisable through April 30, 2021 to purchase 28,572 unregistered shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $4.00 per
share. The purchaser of the units has no registration rights with respect to the shares of common stock, warrants or the shares
of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants comprising the units sold. The warrants are not exercisable until six months
and one day following the date of issuance. We received cash proceeds of $50,000 from this sale of our securities, and the entire
amount of the proceeds was credited to stockholders’ equity.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Issuance of Common Stock to Professional
Services Providers</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">During the quarter ended June 30, 2017, we issued
25,000 shares of our unregistered common stock having a fair value on the date of issuance of $49,800 as partial compensation to
an investor relations service provider.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">During the quarter ended September 30, 2017,
our Board of Directors (<i>Board</i>) approved the issuance of an aggregate of 927,500 unregistered shares of our common stock,
of which 477,500 shares were issued from our 2016 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan, for various professional services,
including contract research, legal, investor relations and financial advisory services. The common stock issued had an aggregate
fair value of $1,503,600 on the dates issued, of which all but $161,300 has been recognized as noncash expense during the quarter
ended September 30, 2017. The un-expensed portion at September 30, 2017 is being recognized in expense ratably through July 2019
in accordance with the terms of work orders for certain contract research services to be provided through that period.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Modification of Warrants Issued in Private
Placements</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In September 2017, the Board authorized
the modification of outstanding warrants issued in private placement transactions between March 2017 and June 2017 to reduce
the exercise prices and increase the number of shares for which the warrants were exercisable. We calculated the fair value
of the warrant immediately before and after the modification using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model and the weighted
average assumptions indicated in the table below. We recognized the additional fair value, $279,700, as warrant modification
expense, included as a component of general and administrative expenses, in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of
Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Pre-modification</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Post-modification</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.54</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.54</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.99</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.00</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.62</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.62</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Remaining contractual term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.62</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.62</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">95.5</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">95.5</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Number of warrant shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">247,500</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">495,001</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Weighted average fair value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>0.71</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>0.92</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i> </i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Warrants Outstanding</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Following the warrant issuances in the September
2017 Public Offering and in the self-placed private placement transactions and the warrant modifications described above, at September
30, 2017, we had outstanding warrants to purchase shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $4.77 per
share as follows:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Exercise Price</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Expiration</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Warrants Outstanding at September
30,</b></p></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>per Share</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Date</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.82</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/6/2022 to 3/7/2023</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,892,572</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">4/30/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">495,001</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.51</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">12/31/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">50,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">4/30/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">28,572</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.50</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/26/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">25,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5.30</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">5/16/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,705,883</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/26/2019 to 11/30/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">97,750</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">12/11/2018 to 3/3/2023</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,346,931</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">8.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">3/25/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">185,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">11/15/2017 to 1/11/2020</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">24,394</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">20.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/15/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">110,448</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">30.00</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">11/20/2017</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"></td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> 6,965,151</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">With the exception of 2,705,883 shares of common
stock underlying the warrants exercisable at $5.30 per share issued in our May 2016 public offering and 1,892,572 shares of common
stock underlying the warrants exercisable at $1.82 per share issued in our September 2017 Public Offering, all of the common shares
issuable upon exercise of our outstanding warrants are unregistered.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742401008">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Related Party Transactions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Cato Holding Company (<i>CHC</i>), doing business
as Cato BioVentures (<i>CBV</i>), is the parent of Cato Research Ltd. (<i>CRL</i>). CRL is a contract research, development and
regulatory services organization (<i>CRO</i>) recently engaged by us for a wide range of material aspects related to the nonclinical
and clinical development and regulatory affairs associated with our efforts to develop and commercialize AV-101 for MDD and other
potential CNS indications. CBV is among our largest institutional stockholders at September 30, 2017, holding approximately 7.8%
of our outstanding common stock. In October 2012, we issued certain unsecured promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount
of approximately $1.3 million to CBV and CRL (the <i>Cato Notes</i>) as payment in full for all contract research and development
services and regulatory advice previously rendered to us by CRL for nonclinical and Phase 1 development of AV-101. In June
2015, the Cato Notes and additional amounts payable to CRL for CRO services related to AV-101 were extinguished in exchange for
our issuance of an aggregate of 328,571 shares of Series B Preferred stock to CBV, which shares of Series B Preferred stock were
automatically converted in accordance with their terms into an equal number of registered shares of our common stock as a result
of our May 2016 public offering.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2017, we entered into a Master Services
Agreement (<i>MSA</i>) with CRL, which replaced a substantially similar May 2007 master services agreement, pursuant to which CRL
may assist us in the evaluation, development, commercialization and marketing of our potential product candidates, including AV-101,
and provide regulatory and strategic consulting services as requested from time to time. Specific projects or services are and
will be delineated in individual work orders negotiated from time-to-time under the MSA. Under the terms of work orders issued
pursuant to the July 2017 MSA and our May 2007 master services agreement with CRL, we incurred expenses of $484,000 and $27,800
during the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $612,200 and $78,200 in the six-month periods ended September
30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. During the quarter ended September 30, 2017, we issued an aggregate of 300,000 unregistered shares
of our common stock to CRL under the terms of certain work orders for current and future CRO services relating to our development
of AV-101 for MDD, the fair value of which represented approximately $364,000 of the reported CRO expense for the quarter then
ended. We anticipate periodic expenses for CRO services from CRL related to nonclinical and clinical development of, and regulatory
affairs related to, AV-101 and other potential product candidates will increase in future periods.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122745<br></p></div>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<SEQUENCE>24
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6614784768">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes to Financial Statements</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock', window );">Subsequent Events</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">We have evaluated subsequent events through November 9, 2017 and
have identified the following matters requiring disclosure:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Issuance of Common Stock to Professional
Services Providers</i></b></p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In October 2017, we issued an aggregate of 70,000
shares of our unregistered common stock having an aggregate fair value of $83,800 to certain professional service providers.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122774<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock</td>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>25
<FILENAME>R15.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6640033344">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Policies</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates', window );">Use of Estimates</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Significant estimates include
those relating to share-based compensation, and assumptions that have been used historically to value warrants and warrant modifications.
With the exception of the $1.25 million of sublicense revenue recorded in the quarter ended December 31, 2016 under the BlueRock
Agreement, we do not currently have, nor have we had during the periods covered by this report, any arrangements requiring the
recognition of revenue.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy', window );">Research and Development Expenses</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Research and development expenses are composed
of both internal and external costs. Internal costs include salaries and employment-related expenses of our scientific personnel
and direct project costs. External research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with nonclinical and
clinical development of AV-101, now in Phase 2 clinical development, initially for MDD, stem cell technology-related research and
development costs, and costs related to the filing, maintenance and prosecution of patents and patent applications, technology
licenses and protection of other intellectual property. All such costs are charged to expense as incurred.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Stock-Based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We recognize compensation cost for all stock-based
awards to employees or consultants based on the grant date fair value of the award. Non-cash stock-based compensation expense is
recognized over the period during which the employee or consultant is required to perform services in exchange for the award, which
generally represents the scheduled vesting period. We have no awards with market or performance conditions. For equity awards to
non-employees, we re-measure the fair value of the awards as they vest and the resulting change in value is recognized as an expense
during the period over which the services are performed.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The table below summarizes stock-based compensation
expense included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and six
months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> Three Months Ended</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> Six Months Ended</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Research and development expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 52%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> General and administrative expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Total stock-based compensation expense</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">330,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">198,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">697,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">306,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In April 2017, our Board approved the grant
of options to purchase an aggregate of 880,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.96 per share to the independent
members of our Board, our officers and our employees. In September 2017, our stockholders approved an amendment to our 2016 Amended
and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the <i>2016 Plan</i>) to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder from 3.0 million
shares to 10.0 million shares. Following that approval, our Board authorized the grant of options to purchase an aggregate of 770,000
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.56 per share to the independent members of our Board, our officers, employees
and certain consultants. We valued the options granted in April 2017 and September 2017 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing
Model and the following weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>April <br />
2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.02</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.99</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.48</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.70</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.24</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">92.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">880,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">770,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Fair Value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.42</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.20</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In June 2016, our Board approved the grant of
options to purchase an aggregate of 655,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.49 per share to the independent
members of our Board and to our officers, including our then-newly-hired Chief Medical Officer. In September 2016, the Board approved
the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $4.27 per share to another then-newly-hired
officer. We valued the options granted in June 2016 and September 2016 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the following
weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>June <br />
2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.34</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.68</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.25</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">81.69</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.26</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">655,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">125,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Fair Value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2.50</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>3.05</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">At September 30, 2017, there were stock options
outstanding to purchase 3,279,871 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.23 per share.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We have no components of other comprehensive
loss other than net loss, and accordingly our comprehensive loss is equivalent to our net loss for the periods presented.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock', window );">Income (Loss) per Common Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Basic net income (loss) per share of common
stock excludes the effect of dilution and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of
common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share of common stock reflects the potential dilution that
could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares of common stock were exercised or converted into shares of common
stock.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a result of our net loss for the periods
presented, potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of net loss per share, as their effect would be antidilutive.
For the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the accrual for dividends on our Series B 10% Convertible
Preferred Stock (<i>Series B Preferred</i>) and, in 2016, the deemed dividend attributable to our sale and issuance of Series B
Preferred Units, each consisting of one share of Series B Preferred and a five-year warrant to purchase one share of our common
stock for $7.00, represent deductions from our net loss to arrive at net loss attributable to common stockholders for those periods.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Potentially dilutive securities excluded in
determining diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per common share are as follows:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>As of September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series A Preferred stock issued and outstanding (1)</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series B Preferred stock issued and outstanding (2)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series C Preferred stock issued and outstanding (3)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding options under the Amended and Restated 2016 (formerly 2008) and 1999 Stock Incentive Plans</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,279,871</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,100,643</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding warrants to purchase common stock</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,965,151</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,678,414</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,473,274</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10,007,309</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">____________</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(1) Assumes exchange under the terms of the October 11, 2012 Note Exchange and Purchase Agreement, as amended</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(2) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series B 10% Convertible Preferred Stock, effective May 5, 2015</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(3) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, effective January 25, 2016</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We do not use derivative instruments for hedging
of market risks or for trading or speculative purposes. We carried no assets or liabilities at fair value at September 30, 2017
or March 31, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Except as described below, there have been no
recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the six months ended September 30, 2017, as compared
to the recent accounting pronouncements described in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, that are of significance
or potential significance to us.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (<i>FASB</i>) issued Accounting Standards Update (<i>ASU</i>) 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing
Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Part I: Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments
with Down Round Features; Part II: Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain
Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception” (<i>ASU 2017-11</i>).
Part I of this ASU provides that an entity will no longer have to consider “down round” features (i.e., a provision
in an equity-linked financial instrument, such as a free-standing warrant, or an embedded feature, such as a conversion option
in a convertible instrument, that reduces the exercise price of such instrument if the entity subsequently sells stock for a lower
price or issues an equity-linked instrument with a lower exercise price) when determining whether certain equity-linked financial
instruments or embedded features are indexed to its own stock. The definition of a down round feature in ASU 2017-11 excludes standard
antidilution provisions related to changes in an entity’s capital structure. Accounting Standards Codification Topic 815-40,
“Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (<i>ASC 815-40</i>) requires that a freestanding
equity-linked financial instrument be indexed to the issuer’s own stock to be classified as equity. An equity-linked embedded
feature that meets the definition of a derivative may avoid bifurcation and derivative accounting if it is indexed to the issuer’s
own stock. Under the terms of prior guidance, a freestanding financial instrument or embedded feature was not considered indexed
to the issuer’s own stock if it had a down round provision. Consequently, the freestanding financial instrument was classified
as a liability (or asset), and if it met the definition of a derivative, was measured at fair value with changes in fair value
recorded through earnings. Similarly, an embedded feature was bifurcated and separately accounted for as a derivative if it met
all other criteria for bifurcation under ASC 815-40. The bifurcated embedded feature was also measured at fair value through earnings.
Under the provisions of ASU 2017-11, an entity that presents earnings per share (<i>EPS</i>) under Accounting Standards Codification
Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” will recognize the effect of a down round feature in a freestanding equity-classified
financial instrument only when it is triggered. The effect of triggering such a feature will be recognized as a dividend and a
reduction to income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. The new guidance requires new disclosures for financial instruments
with down round features and other terms that change conversion or exercise prices. Part I of ASU 2017-11 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein, however early adoption is permitted. We early-adopted ASU
2017-11 effective for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and applied its guidance to certain of the warrants issued in the September
2017 Public Offering, as described more completely in Note 7, <i>Capital Stock</i>. No retrospective adjustments to our financial
statements were required as a result of our adoption of ASU 2017-11.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-2,
“Leases.” This ASU requires substantially all leases, including operating leases, to be recognized by lessees on their
balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability. This ASU is effective for our interim and annual reporting
periods beginning April 1, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this
ASU will have on our financial statements.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09,
“Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which simplified several aspects of the accounting for share-based
payments, including immediate recognition of all excess tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement, changing the threshold
to qualify for equity classification up to the employees’ maximum statutory tax rates, allowing an entity-wide accounting
policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures as they occur, and
clarifying the classification on the statement of cash flows for the excess tax benefit and employee taxes paid when an employer
withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. This ASU became effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning
April 1, 2017, and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements. Pursuant to our adoption
of this standard, we elected to account for the impact of option forfeitures as they occur.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for salaries, bonuses, incentive awards, postretirement and postemployment benefits granted to employees, including equity-based arrangements; discloses methodologies for measurement, and the bases for recognizing related assets and liabilities and recognizing and reporting compensation expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84158767&loc=d3e18726-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b),(f(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for computing basic and diluted earnings or loss per share for each class of common stock and participating security. Addresses all significant policy factors, including any antidilutive items that have been excluded from the computation and takes into account stock dividends, splits and reverse splits that occur after the balance sheet date of the latest reporting period but before the issuance of the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3630-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84158767&loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets, liabilities and instruments classified in shareholders' equity. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, how an entity that manages a group of financial assets and liabilities on the basis of its net exposure measures the fair value of those assets and liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for costs it has incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84158767&loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6420194&loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84177426&loc=d3e6061-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84177426&loc=d3e6143-108592<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84177426&loc=d3e6132-108592<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6871000768">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
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<td> </td>
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<td> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> Six Months Ended</b></font></td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2016</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Research and development expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 52%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">136,900</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">82,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">328,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">126,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> General and administrative expense:</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Stock option grants</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">193,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">116,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">369,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">180,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Total stock-based compensation expense</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">330,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">198,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">697,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">306,700</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAssumptionsUsedTableTextBlock', window );">Warrant assumptions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In April 2017, our Board approved the grant
of options to purchase an aggregate of 880,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.96 per share to the independent
members of our Board, our officers and our employees. In September 2017, our stockholders approved an amendment to our 2016 Amended
and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the <i>2016 Plan</i>) to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder from 3.0 million
shares to 10.0 million shares. Following that approval, our Board authorized the grant of options to purchase an aggregate of 770,000
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.56 per share to the independent members of our Board, our officers, employees
and certain consultants. We valued the options granted in April 2017 and September 2017 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing
Model and the following weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>April <br />
2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.96</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.56</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.02</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.99</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.48</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.70</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.24</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">92.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">880,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">770,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Fair Value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.42</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>1.20</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In June 2016, our Board approved the grant of
options to purchase an aggregate of 655,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.49 per share to the independent
members of our Board and to our officers, including our then-newly-hired Chief Medical Officer. In September 2016, the Board approved
the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $4.27 per share to another then-newly-hired
officer. We valued the options granted in June 2016 and September 2016 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the following
weighted average assumptions:</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>June <br />
2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share at grant date</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.49</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.27</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.34</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.29</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Contractual or estimated term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.68</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.25</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">81.69</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">83.26</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">655,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">125,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Schedule of potentially dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>As of September 30,</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2016</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series A Preferred stock issued and outstanding (1)</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">750,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series B Preferred stock issued and outstanding (2)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,160,240</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Series C Preferred stock issued and outstanding (3)</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,318,012</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding options under the Amended and Restated 2016 (formerly 2008) and 1999 Stock Incentive Plans</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,279,871</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,100,643</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Outstanding warrants to purchase common stock</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,965,151</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4,678,414</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">14,473,274</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10,007,309</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">____________</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(1) Assumes exchange under the terms of the October 11, 2012 Note Exchange and Purchase Agreement, as amended</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(2) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series B 10% Convertible Preferred Stock, effective May 5, 2015</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(3) Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, effective January 25, 2016</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of components of a stock option or other award plan under which equity-based compensation is awarded to employees, typically comprised of the amount of unearned compensation (deferred compensation cost), compensation expense, and changes in the quantity and fair value of the shares (or other type of equity) granted, exercised, forfeited, and issued and outstanding pertaining to that plan. Disclosure may also include nature and general terms of such arrangements that existed during the period and potential effects of those arrangements on shareholders, effect of compensation cost arising from equity-based payment arrangements on the income statement, method of estimating the fair value of the goods or services received, or the fair value of the equity instruments granted, during the period, cash flow effects resulting from equity-based payment arrangements and, for registrants that accelerate vesting of out of the money share options, reasons for the decision to accelerate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5047-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so would increase EPS amounts or decrease loss per share amounts for the period presented, by antidilutive securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the assumptions used to determine for pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans the benefit obligation and net benefit cost, including assumed discount rates, rate increase in compensation increase, and expected long-term rates of return on plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82843861&loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6618547312">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> September 30,</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> March 31,</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Insurance</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">130,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">85,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> AV-101 materials and services</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">357,000</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">352,800</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Public offering expenses</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">30,900</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">11,600</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> All other</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">44,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6,400</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">563,300</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">456,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the amounts paid in advance for capitalized costs that will be expensed with the passage of time or the occurrence of a triggering event, and will be charged against earnings within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer; the aggregate carrying amount of current assets, not separately presented elsewhere in the balance sheet; and other deferred costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6617366928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td> </td>
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<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b> 2017</b></font></td>
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<td> </td>
<td> </td>
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<td style="width: 76%"><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued professional services</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">61,300</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">37,000</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued AV-101 development and related expenses</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">102,400</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">402,400</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> Accrued compensation</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">451,900</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"> All other</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">625,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">443,000</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_AccruedExpensesTablesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>29
<FILENAME>R19.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6742459760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Notes Payable (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract', window );"><strong>Convertible Promissory Notes And Other Notes Payable Tables</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock', window );">Notes Payable</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>September 30, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="10" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>March 31, 2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Principal</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Accrued</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Principal</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Accrued</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Balance</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Interest</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Balance</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Interest</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Total</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.95% and 8.25% Notes payable to insurance</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 40%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">premium financing company (current)</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 7%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Total notes payable to unrelated parties</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">105,200</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">54,800</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-indent: 9pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">less: current portion</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(105,200</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">(54,800</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">Net non-current portion</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt double; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">-</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_ConvertiblePromissoryNotesAndOtherNotesPayableTablesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of information pertaining to short-term and long-debt instruments or arrangements, including but not limited to identification of terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfDebtTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>30
<FILENAME>R20.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6874340832">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_CapitalStockTablesAbstract', window );"><strong>Capital Stock Tables</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_AdditionalWarrantModificationsTableTextBlock', window );">Additional Warrant Modifications</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In September 2017, the Board authorized the
modification of outstanding warrants issued in private placement transactions between March 2017 and June 2017 to reduce the exercise
prices and increase the number of shares for which the warrants were exercisable. We calculated the fair value of the warrant immediately
before and after the modification using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model and the weighted average assumptions indicated in
the table below. We recognized the additional fair value, $279,700, as warrant modification expense, included as a component of
general and administrative expenses, in our Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the quarter ended
September 30, 2017.</p>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> </p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Assumption:</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Pre-modification</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Post-modification</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Market price per share</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.54</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 1%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.54</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Exercise price per share</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.99</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.00</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Risk-free interest rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.62</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.62</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Remaining contractual term in years</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.62</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.62</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Volatility</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">95.5</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">95.5</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Dividend rate</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">0.0</font></td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt">Number of warrant shares</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">247,500</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">495,001</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Weighted average fair value per share</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>0.71</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>$</b></font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>0.92</b></font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b><i> </i></b></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Exercise Price</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Expiration</b></font></td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2">
<p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Warrants Outstanding at September
30,</b></p></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>per Share</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>Date</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>2017</b></font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1.82</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/6/2022 to 3/7/2023</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td>
<td style="width: 0%"> </td>
<td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,892,572</font></td>
<td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">4/30/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">495,001</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3.51</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">12/31/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">50,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">4/30/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">28,572</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">4.50</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/26/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">25,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">5.30</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">5/16/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">2,705,883</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">6.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/26/2019 to 11/30/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">97,750</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">7.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">12/11/2018 to 3/3/2023</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">1,346,931</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">8.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">3/25/2021</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">185,000</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">10.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">11/15/2017 to 1/11/2020</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">24,394</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">20.00</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">9/15/2019</font></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">110,448</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><font style="font-size: 8pt">$</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">30.00</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td><font style="font-size: 8pt">11/20/2017</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">3,600</font></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom"> </td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"></td>
<td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 3pt"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> </td>
<td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> 6,965,151</font></td>
<td> </td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of warrants or rights issued. Warrants and rights outstanding are derivative securities that give the holder the right to purchase securities (usually equity) from the issuer at a specific price within a certain time frame. Warrants are often included in a new debt issue to entice investors by a higher return potential. The main difference between warrants and call options is that warrants are issued and guaranteed by the company, whereas options are exchange instruments and are not issued by the company. Also, the lifetime of a warrant is often measured in years, while the lifetime of a typical option is measured in months. Disclose the title of issue of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the aggregate amount of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the date from which the warrants or rights are exercisable, and the price at which the warrant or right is exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6784392&loc=d3e188667-122775<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=68057994&loc=d3e25284-112666<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6741124688">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Basis Of Presentation And Going Concern Details Narrative</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated Deficit during its development stage</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (149,261,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (141,998,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity', window );">Cash proceeds from issuance of common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors', window );">Cash proceeds from grant awards and other events</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,764,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,921,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,257,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 428,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_BasisOfPresentationAndGoingConcernDetailsTextualsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received from grantors during the current period related to operating activities. This element represents receipts from a guarantor for the amount of guarantee provided.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromGrantors</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the issuance of common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock, stock options, and other types of equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6741086800">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock option expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 330,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 198,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 697,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 306,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember', window );">ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock option expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">136,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">328,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">126,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember', window );">ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember | Options [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock option expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">136,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">328,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">126,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember', window );">GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock option expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">193,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">116,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">369,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember', window );">GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember | Options [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock option expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 193,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 116,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 369,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 180,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=98514028&loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_OptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_OptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NatureOfExpenseAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<tr>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6752173216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 1) - Options [Member] - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Market Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.96<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.96<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Market price per share at grant date</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.96<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.96<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk-free interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.02%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.34%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.99%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.29%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm', window );">Expected term (years)</a></td>
<td class="text">6 years 5 months 23 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">6 years 8 months 5 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">6 years 8 months 12 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">6 years 3 months<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate', window );">Volatility</a></td>
<td class="nump">83.24%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81.69%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92.29%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">83.26%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate', window );">Dividend rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">880,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">655,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">770,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Fair Value per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.42<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.20<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.05<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Agreed upon price for the exchange of the underlying asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expected dividends to be paid to holders of the underlying shares or financial instruments (expressed as a percentage of the share or instrument's price).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period the instrument, asset or liability is expected to be outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Measure of dispersion, in percentage terms (for instance, the standard deviation or variance), for a given stock price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Risk-free interest rate assumption used in valuing an instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Change in the weighted average exercise price of options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecreaseWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees could acquire or could have acquired the underlying shares with respect to any other type of change in shares reserved for issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOtherShareIncreaseDecreaseInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_OptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_OptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>34
<FILENAME>R24.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6741502832">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 2) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">14,473,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,007,309<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember', window );">Series A Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">750,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">750,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember', window );">Series B Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,160,240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,318,012<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=VTGN_IncentivePlanMember', window );">2016 (formerly 2008) and 1999 Stock Incentive Plans [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,279,871<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,100,643<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Warrant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Antidilutive securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">6,965,151<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,678,414<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Assumes exchange under the terms of the October 11, 2012 Note Exchange and Purchase Agreement, as amended</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series B 10% Convertible Preferred Stock, effective May 5, 2015</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Assumes exchange under the terms of the Certificate of Designation of the Relative Rights and Preferences of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, effective January 25, 2016</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6371337&loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=VTGN_IncentivePlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=VTGN_IncentivePlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>35
<FILENAME>R25.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6879547152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract', window );"><strong>Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Assets Details</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance', window );">Insurance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 85,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense', window );">AV-101 materials and services</a></td>
<td class="nump">357,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">352,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses', window );">Public offering expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">All other</a></td>
<td class="nump">44,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 563,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 456,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_PrepaidAv101DevelopmentExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_PrepaidExpensesDetailsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_PublicOfferingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherPrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for other costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6787-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for insurance that provides economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6787-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=68074540&loc=d3e5865-108316<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=68074540&loc=d3e5879-108316<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidInsurance</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6878525504">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract', window );"><strong>Accrued Expenses Details</strong></a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent', window );">Accrued professional services</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 61,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 37,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses', window );">Accrued AV-101 development and related expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">102,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">402,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accrued compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">451,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">All other</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 625,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 443,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_AccruedDevelopmentExpenses</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_AccruedExpensesDetailsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for incentive compensation awarded to employees and directors or earned by them based on the terms of one or more relevant arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedBonusesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for professional fees, such as for legal and accounting services received. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses incurred but not yet paid classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e7018-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82887183&loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6870397936">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Notes Payable (Details) - Notes Payable 1 [Member] - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable', window );">Principal Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 105,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 54,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accrued Interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 105,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 54,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Including the current and noncurrent portions, carrying amount of debt identified as being convertible into another form of financial instrument (typically the entity's common stock) as of the balance sheet date, which originally required full repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Including the current and noncurrent portions, carrying value as of the balance sheet date of a written promise to pay a note, initially due after one year or beyond the operating cycle if longer, which can be exchanged for a specified amount of one or more securities (typically common stock), at the option of the issuer or the holder.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6488278&loc=d3e603758-122996<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of interest payable on debt, including, but not limited to, trade payables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6876686&loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6879938&loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis=VTGN_NotesPayable1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis=VTGN_NotesPayable1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751491952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock (Details) - September 2017 Warrants<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Sep. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember', window );">Pre-Modification</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Market Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.54<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.99<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk-free interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.62%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm', window );">Term (Years)</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years 7 months 13 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate', window );">Volatility</a></td>
<td class="nump">95.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate', window );">Dividend rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Number of warrant shares | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">247,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare', window );">Weighted average fair value per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ .71<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember', window );">Post-Modification</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Market Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.54<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk-free interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.62%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm', window );">Term (Years)</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years 7 months 13 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate', window );">Volatility</a></td>
<td class="nump">95.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate', window );">Dividend rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Number of warrant shares | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">495,001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare', window );">Weighted average fair value per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ .92<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_FairValueAssumptionsPerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Agreed upon price for the exchange of the underlying asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expected dividends to be paid to holders of the underlying shares or financial instruments (expressed as a percentage of the share or instrument's price).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period the instrument, asset or liability is expected to be outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Measure of dispersion, in percentage terms (for instance, the standard deviation or variance), for a given stock price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Risk-free interest rate assumption used in valuing an instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=66048111&loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84159872&loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=VTGN_September2017WarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RangeAxis=VTGN_PreModificationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RangeAxis=VTGN_PreModificationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RangeAxis=VTGN_PostModificationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RangeAxis=VTGN_PostModificationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>39
<FILENAME>R29.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6751386752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock (Details 1)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Sep. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,965,151<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant1Member', window );">Warrant 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.82<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">9/6/2022 to 3/7/2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,892,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant2Member', window );">Warrant 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">4/30/2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">495,001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant3Member', window );">Warrant 3 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.51<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">12/31/2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant4Member', window );">Warrant 4 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">4/30/2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant5Member', window );">Warrant 5 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">9/26/2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant6Member', window );">Warrant 6 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.30<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">5/16/2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,705,883<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant7Member', window );">Warrant 7 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">9/26/2019 to 11/30/2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">97,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant8Member', window );">Warrant 8 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">12/11/2018 to 3/3/2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,346,931<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant9Member', window );">Warrant 9 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">3/25/2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">185,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant10Member', window );">Warrant 10 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">11/15/2017 to 1/11/2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,394<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant11Member', window );">Warrant 11 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 20.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">9/15/2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">110,448<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant12Member', window );">Warrant 12 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Exercise price per share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 30.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange', window );">Expiration date range</a></td>
<td class="text">11/20/2017<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Warrants outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_VTGN_ExpirateDateRange">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">VTGN_ExpirateDateRange</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>VTGN_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Agreed-upon price for the exchange of the underlying asset relating to the share-based payment award.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant3Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant3Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant4Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant4Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant5Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant5Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant6Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant6Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant7Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant7Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant8Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant8Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant9Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant9Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant10Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant10Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant11Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant11Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant12Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightAxis=VTGN_Warrant12Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>40
<FILENAME>R30.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
function toggleNextSibling (e) {
if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.8.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6741461312">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost', window );">Incurred expenses on research and subsequent other projects</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,426,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,606,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,522,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,431,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=VTGN_CRLMember', window );">CRL [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost', window );">Incurred expenses on research and subsequent other projects</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 484,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 612,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 78,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The costs incurred in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, excluding in-process research and development acquired in a business combination consummated during the period. Excludes software research and development, which has a separate concept.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6420194&loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseExcludingAcquiredInProcessCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=VTGN_CRLMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=VTGN_CRLMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>41
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>