Revenue

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

NOTE C. REVENUE

Revenue is recognized as each distinct performance obligation within a contract is satisfied. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. The Company enters into long-term agreements (“LTAs”) and distributor agreements with certain customers. The LTAs and distributor agreements do not include committed volumes until underlying purchase orders are issued; therefore, the Company determined that purchase orders are the contract with a customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied, as there is no right of return.

Some of the Company's contracts include multiple performance obligations, most commonly the sale of both a transmission and extended transmission coverage ("ETC"). The Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract.

The Company may also use volume-based discounts and rebates as marketing incentives in the sales of both vehicle propulsion solutions and service parts, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company records the impact of the incentives as a reduction to revenue when it is determined that the adjustment is not likely to reverse. The Company estimates the impact of all other incentives based on the related sales and market conditions in the end market vocation. The Company recorded no material adjustments based on variable consideration during either of the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

Net sales are made on credit terms, generally 30 days, based on an assessment of the customer’s creditworthiness. For certain goods or services, the Company receives consideration prior to satisfying the related performance obligation. Such consideration is recorded as a contract liability in current and non-current deferred revenue as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. See "Note J. Deferred Revenue” for more information, including the amount of revenue earned during each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 that had been previously deferred. The Company had no material contract assets as of either March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

The Company has one operating segment and reportable segment. The Company is in one line of business, which is the manufacture and distribution of vehicle propulsion solutions. The following presents disaggregated revenue by categories that best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors (dollars in millions):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
North America On-Highway	$	420	$	376
North America Off-Highway		4		24
Defense		48		27
Outside North America On-Highway		115		108
Outside North America Off-Highway		42		23
Service Parts, Support Equipment and Other		160		183
Total Net Sales	$	789	$	741

NOTE J. DEFERRED REVENUE

As of March 31, 2024, current and non-current deferred revenue were $42 million and $92 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, current and non-current deferred revenue were $45 million and $94 million, respectively.

Deferred revenue activity consisted of the following (dollars in millions):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
Beginning balance	$	130		$	131
Increases		13			17
Revenue earned		(9	)		(9	)
Ending balance	$	134		$	139

Deferred revenue recorded in current and non-current liabilities related to ETC as of March 31, 2024 was $29 million and $89 million, respectively. Deferred revenue recorded in current and non-current liabilities related to ETC as of March 31, 2023 was $30 million and $84 million, respectively.